CN101334758A - Device and method for embedded system expanding memory space - Google Patents

Device and method for embedded system expanding memory space Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101334758A
CN101334758A CNA2008100684157A CN200810068415A CN101334758A CN 101334758 A CN101334758 A CN 101334758A CN A2008100684157 A CNA2008100684157 A CN A2008100684157A CN 200810068415 A CN200810068415 A CN 200810068415A CN 101334758 A CN101334758 A CN 101334758A
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nandflash
program
data
storage card
read
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CN101334758B (en
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彭波
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ZHONGXING INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DESIGN CO Ltd SHENZHEN CITY
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ZHONGXING INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DESIGN CO Ltd SHENZHEN CITY
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Priority to CN2008100684157A priority Critical patent/CN101334758B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2008/001894 priority patent/WO2010000101A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
    • G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
    • G06F12/08—Addressing or allocation; Relocation in hierarchically structured memory systems, e.g. virtual memory systems
    • G06F12/0802—Addressing of a memory level in which the access to the desired data or data block requires associative addressing means, e.g. caches
    • G06F12/0804—Addressing of a memory level in which the access to the desired data or data block requires associative addressing means, e.g. caches with main memory updating

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Memory System Of A Hierarchy Structure (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a storage space extension method used for an embedded system and an apparatus (10) involved in the method for extending the storage space of the embedded system; wherein, the method includes the following steps: a program address space in a NandFlash storage card (16) is directly mapped into the program address space of a system; a Cache (13) reads the system program pointer; a control logic module (134) judges whether the read system program pointer exists in an address index zone (133); according to the judging result, the data pointed by the program pointer is directly read in a buffer zone (132) or a NandFlash controller (15) is informed to read the data pointed by the program pointer in the NandFlash storage card (16) and the data is returned to the system. For the storage space extension method, the system CPU can directly execute the program in the NandFlash storage card and the program does not need to be loaded ahead and is not limited by execution sequence; the program development process is flexible; a second-time development and the program update loading all become convenient.

Description

The apparatus and method that are used for embedded system extension storage space
Technical field
The present invention relates to the presetting apparatus in the electric digital data processing field, be particularly related in order to carry out special procedure and the access in accumulator system or architecture, addressing or assigned unit, relate in particular to the apparatus and method that are used for embedded system extension storage space.
Background technology
The embedded system of prior art generally adopts the memory carrier of flash memory as system program and data, and flash memory comprises NorFlash (rejection gate flash memory) and NandFlash (Sheffer stroke gate flash memory).Because NorFlash has the characteristic of linear addressing, systematic microprocessor can directly be carried out the program that is stored in wherein, therefore, most of embedded system has all adopted the memory carrier of NorFlash as system program, but the NorFlash unit price is than higher, and capacity density is low, therefore, under the bigger situation of system program volume ratio, the carrying cost of system also can compare higher.Than NorFlash, NandFlash can provide more highdensity memory block, provides the storage area cost of identical size lower, therefore adopts NandFlash to come the extender storage space to be subjected to the technician and more and more pays close attention to.NandFlash is limited by production technology, its storage space has the characteristic of piece addressing, its storage space must be wiped and programmes before use at data block, more effective at reading of piece when reading, the reading efficiency of byte then reduces rapidly, therefore be not suitable for directly being used as program storage area, need to seek suitable method and address this problem.
Chinese patent 200610063321.1 discloses the method for a kind of NandFlash of utilization flash memory storage and start-up system program, the core of this method is to adopt the mechanism of loading, directly program among the NandFlash is loaded among the static random access memory SRAM of system (Static Random Access Memory), after loading finished, CPU carried out program among the SRAM by the reset signal notice; There is another Chinese patent 200410046013.9 to disclose a kind of slightly different method before this based on the guiding of NandFlash realization user program, the core of this method is just to allow system CPU that program is loaded into the static random access memory SRAM from NandFlash prior to last patent, carries out then.The places different with Chinese patent 200610063321.1 are, this method provides a kind of packing forms of predetermined format, and the program that needs are loaded encapsulates according to predetermined form.
The method of above-mentioned executive programs has all adopted load mechanism, the program that leaves among the NandFlash is loaded among the SRAM, system finally carries out the program in SRAM, the efficient that such program excutive method can the raising program be carried out, but also there are many inconvenience, because the finite capacity of SRAM, program is the problem with regard to considering to load in design, owing to be subjected to the restriction of SRAM capacity, the program space can not be too big, otherwise understand problems such as generating routine crosses the border, thereby cause the instability of system.
A Chinese patent 200610076006.2 has adopted the repeatedly method of segmentation loading, segmentation execution of high-speed cache again, alleviated the problem that system program is limited by the SRAM struck capacity, but must the repeatedly form carried out of segmentation loading and segmentation of high-speed cache when executive routine, program can only be carried out in proper order, and the function that is realized is just more single.
Along with embedded system becomes increasingly complex, not only the space is increasing for the needed program of system, function also becomes increasingly complex, simultaneously, in order to support the client to carry out secondary development, system also needs to support the user to download again and the function of refresh routine, and too many restriction is done in program development, can have a strong impact on the function of system and the marketing process of product.
The method of the above-mentioned prior art expanding system program space has the following disadvantages:
1, the method for loading by program, system program space can be subjected to the amount of capacity restriction of SRAM, the expansion of inconvenient system program;
2, adopt the repeatedly method of segmentation loading and segmentation executive routine of high-speed cache, program can only be carried out in proper order, and the function ratio that is realized is more single.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to avoid above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part and proposes a kind of apparatus and method that are used for embedded system extension storage space.
The invention provides a kind of apparatus and method of the NandFlash of use storage card expanding system storage space, the core of these apparatus and method is to adopt a kind of cache memory Cache mechanism at NandFlash storage card particular design, space, program address in the NandFlash storage card is mapped directly in the program space of system and go, system can be according to the direct NandFlash memory card program of carrying out in being buffered in cache memory Cache in the program address that mapping obtains, program need not be loaded among the SARM in advance, the restriction that not carried out by order, the procedure development process is flexible and changeable, and secondary development and program down loading updating again are all very convenient.
The present invention solve the technical problem can be by realizing by the following technical solutions: a kind of device that is used for embedded system extension storage space is provided, comprises CPU, linear addressing storer and static RAM SRAM; Described CPU interconnects with linear addressing storer and static RAM SRAM respectively by bus; Especially, also comprise cache memory Cache, NandFlash controller and NandFlash storage card, this cache memory Cache realizes exchanges data by Microprocessor Address/data-interface and CPU; Described cache memory Cache realizes exchanges data by NandFlash chip interface and NandFlash controller, and described NandFlash controller is realized exchanges data by bus and NandFlash storage card;
Under the control of described device configurator in linear addressable memory, read the program that is stored in the NandFlash storage card, finally realize the expansion of embedded system storage space.
Described configurator is to comprise system's initial configuration program, cache memory Cache configurator and the system start-up of NandFlash controller configuration facility (CCF) and move required program.
Described cache memory Cache comprises cpu i/f, buffer zone, allocation index district, control logic module and NandFlash control unit interface;
Described cpu i/f is connected with buffer zone by the buffer data path, is connected with CPU by Microprocessor Address/data-interface, and described Microprocessor Address/data-interface comprises address interface and data-interface;
Described NandFlash control unit interface is connected with buffer zone by the buffer data path, be connected with the NandFlash controller by the NandFlash chip interface, described NandFlash chip interface comprises fifo bus, comprises NandFlash control line and Data Control line in it.
Described Microprocessor Address/data-interface and selected CPU model coupling comprises the bus of 8,16 or 32 bit widths; Described buffer data path comprises the bus of 8,16 or 32 bit widths.
Described buffer zone logically is divided into a plurality of blocks, the block size coupling of single block size and NandFlash storage card, and each block can cushion the monolithic data in the NandFlash storage card.
Described buffer zone has the map addresses function, space, program address in the NandFlash storage card can be mapped directly in the space, program address of system to go, to make things convenient for system's reading program in the NandFlash storage card.
The buffer zone of described cache memory Cache inside possesses the allocation index function, and the data that have been buffered in the buffer zone have the corresponding address index in the allocation index district.
The present invention solves described technical matters, can also further realize by the following technical solutions, be used for the method in embedded system extension storage space, based on the above-mentioned device that is used for embedded system extension storage space, especially, described method comprises step:
A, system's electrifying startup, and space, program address in the NandFlash storage card is mapped directly in the space, program address of system;
B, cache memory Cache reading system program pointer;
C, control logic module judge that the system program pointer that read is whether in the allocation index district;
Among D, the above-mentioned steps C,, then in buffer zone, directly read the data that this program pointer points to, and data are returned to system if judged result is a "Yes";
Among E, the step C, if judged result is a "No", the system program pointer that is promptly read is not in the allocation index district, then notify the NandFlash controller to read the data of NandFlash storage card internal program pointed, and data are directly returned to buffer zone, simultaneously program pointer is added in the allocation index district, read data corresponding in the buffer zone according to the system program pointer that is read among the step B then.
By changing the relevant configuration program in the described linear addressing storer, described NandFlash controller can read one or read data in the polylith NandFlash storage card simultaneously during reading of data from the NandFlash storage card, in reading process, system is in waiting status.
Cache memory Cache has and judges whether the polylith data read the function that finishes when the NandFlash storage card reads the polylith data.
Compare with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, system CPU can directly be carried out the program in the NandFlash storage card, and program need not be loaded in advance;
2, the restriction that not carried out by order, the procedure development process is flexible and changeable, and secondary development and program down loading updating again are all very convenient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure synoptic diagram that the present invention is used for embedded system extension storage space;
Fig. 2 is the method workflow diagram that the present invention is used for embedded system extension storage space;
Fig. 3 is the building-block of logic of the cache memory Cache of device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the most preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing.
The present invention's the device 10 that is used for embedded system extension storage space as shown in Figure 1, comprises CPU 11, linear addressing storer 12 and static RAM SRAM 14; Described CPU 11 interconnects with linear addressing storer 12 and static RAM SRAM 14 respectively by bus; Especially, also comprise cache memory Cache (10), NandFlash controller (15) and NandFlash storage card (16), this cache memory Cache 13 realizes exchanges data by Microprocessor Address/data-interface 17 with CPU 11; Described cache memory Cache 13 realizes exchanges data by NandFlash chip interface 18 and NandFlash controller 15, and described NandFlash controller 15 is realized exchanges data by bus and NandFlash storage card 16;
Under the control of described device 10 configurator in linear addressable memory 12, read the program that is stored in the NandFlash storage card 16, finally realize the expansion of embedded system storage space.
Described configurator is to comprise the system start-up of system's initial configuration program, cache memory Cache 13 configurators and NandFlash controller 15 configurators and move required program.
As shown in Figure 3, described cache memory Cache 13 comprises cpu i/f 131, buffer zone 132, allocation index district 133, control logic module 134 and NandFlash control unit interface 135; Described cpu i/f 13 is connected with buffer zone 132 by buffer data path 130, is connected with CPU 11 by Microprocessor Address/data-interface 17, and described Microprocessor Address/data-interface 17 comprises address interface 136 and data-interface 137; Described NandFlash control unit interface 135 is connected with buffer zone 132 by buffer data path 130, be connected with NandFlash controller 15 by NandFlash chip interface 18, described NandFlash chip interface 18 comprises fifo bus, comprises NandFlash control line 138 and Data Control line 139 in it.
Described Microprocessor Address/data-interface 17 and selected CPU11 model coupling comprise the bus of 8,16 or 32 bit widths; Described buffer data path 130 comprises the bus of 8,16 or 32 bit widths.
Described buffer zone 132 logically is divided into a plurality of blocks, the block size coupling of single block size and NandFlash storage card 16, and each block can cushion the monolithic data in the NandFlash storage card 16.
As shown in Figure 3, described buffer zone 132 has the map addresses function, space, program address in the NandFlash storage card 16 can be mapped directly in the space, program address of system to go, to make things convenient for system's reading program in the NandFlash storage card 16.
The buffer zone 132 of described cache memory Cache13 inside possesses the allocation index function, and the data that have been buffered in the buffer zone 132 have the corresponding address index in allocation index district 133.
The present invention is used for the method in embedded system extension storage space, based on the above-mentioned device that is used for embedded system extension storage space, as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
A, system's electrifying startup, and space, program address in the NandFlash storage card 16 is mapped directly in the space, program address of system;
B, cache memory Cache 13 reading system program pointers;
C, control logic module 134 judges that the system program pointer that read is whether in allocation index district 133;
Among D, the above-mentioned steps C,, then in buffer zone 132, directly read the data that this program pointer points to, and data are returned to system if judged result is a "Yes";
Among E, the step C, if judged result is a "No", the system program pointer that is promptly read is not in allocation index district 133, then notify NandFlash controller 15 to read the data of NandFlash storage card 16 internal program pointed, and data are directly returned to buffer zone 132, simultaneously program pointer is added in the allocation index district 133, read data corresponding in the buffer zone 132 according to the system program pointer that is read among the step B then.
F, step 208 so far, are finished one from the NandFlash storage card process of 16 fetch programs.By changing the relevant configuration program in the described linear addressing storer 12, described NandFlash controller 15 can read one or read data in the polylith NandFlash storage card 16 simultaneously during reading of data from NandFlash storage card 16, in reading process, system is in waiting status.
Cache memory Cache 13 has and judges whether the polylith data read the function that finishes when NandFlash storage card 16 reads the polylith data.
Above-mentioned implementation procedure is a preferential implementation procedure of the present invention, and common variation and replacement that those skilled in the art carries out on basis of the present invention are included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1, the device (10) that is used for embedded system extension storage space comprises CPU (11), linear addressing storer (12) and static RAM SRAM (14); Described CPU (11) interconnects with linear addressing storer (12) and static RAM SRAM (14) respectively by bus; It is characterized in that:
Also comprise cache memory Cache (10), NandFlash controller (15) and NandFlash storage card (16), this cache memory Cache (13) realizes exchanges data by Microprocessor Address/data-interface (17) with CPU (11); Described cache memory Cache (13) realizes exchanges data by NandFlash chip interface (18) and NandFlash controller (15), and described NandFlash controller (15) is realized exchanges data by bus and NandFlash storage card (16);
Under the control of described device (10) configurator in linear addressable memory (12), read the program that is stored in the NandFlash storage card (16), finally realize the expansion of embedded system storage space.
2, the device that is used for embedded system extension storage space as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described configurator is system start-up and the required program of operation that comprises system's initial configuration program, cache memory Cache (13) configurator and NandFlash controller (15) configurator.
3, the device that is used for embedded system extension storage space as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described cache memory Cache (13) comprises cpu i/f (131), buffer zone (132), allocation index district (133), control logic module (134) and NandFlash control unit interface (135);
Described cpu i/f (13) is connected with buffer zone (132) by buffer data path (130), be connected with CPU (11) by Microprocessor Address/data-interface (17), described Microprocessor Address/data-interface (17) comprises address interface (136) and data-interface (137);
Described NandFlash control unit interface (135) is connected with buffer zone (132) by buffer data path (130), be connected with NandFlash controller (15) by NandFlash chip interface (18), described NandFlash chip interface (18) comprises the FIF0 bus, comprises NandFlash control line (138) and Data Control line (139) in it.
4, as claim 1 or the 3 described devices that are used for embedded system extension storage space, it is characterized in that:
Described Microprocessor Address/data-interface (17) and selected CPU (11) model coupling comprises the bus of 8,16 or 32 bit widths; Described buffer data path (130) comprises the bus of 8,16 or 32 bit widths.
5, the device that is used for embedded system extension storage space as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
Described buffer zone (132) logically is divided into a plurality of blocks, the block size coupling of single block size and NandFlash storage card (16), and each block can cushion the monolithic data in the NandFlash storage card (16).
6, the device that is used for embedded system extension storage space as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described buffer zone (132) has the map addresses function, space, program address in the NandFlash storage card (16) can be mapped directly in the space, program address of system to go, to make things convenient for system's reading program in the NandFlash storage card (16).
7, the device that is used for embedded system extension storage space as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The inner buffer zone (132) of described cache memory Cache (13) possesses the allocation index function, and the data that have been buffered in the buffer zone (132) have the corresponding address index in allocation index district (133).
8, the method that is used for embedded system extension storage space based on the device (10) that is used for embedded system extension storage space as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described method comprises step:
A, system's electrifying startup, and space, program address in the NandFlash storage card (16) mapped directly in the space, program address of system;
B, cache memory Cache (13) reading system program pointer;
C, control logic module (134) judge that the system program pointer that read is whether in allocation index district (133);
Among D, the above-mentioned steps C,, then in buffer zone (132), directly read the data that this program pointer points to, and data are returned to system if judged result is a "Yes";
Among E, the step C, if judged result is a "No", the system program pointer that is promptly read is not in allocation index district (133), then notify NandFlash controller (15) to read the data of NandFlash storage card (16) internal program pointed, and data are directly returned to buffer zone (132), simultaneously program pointer is added in the allocation index district (133), read data corresponding in the buffer zone (132) according to the system program pointer that is read among the step B then.
9, the method for expansion embedded system storage space as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that:
By changing the relevant configuration program in the described linear addressing storer (12), described NandFlash controller (15) can read one or read data in the polylith NandFlash storage card (16) simultaneously during reading of data from NandFlash storage card (16), in reading process, system is in waiting status.
10, expand the method for embedded system storage space as claimed in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that:
Cache memory Cache (13) has and judges whether the polylith data read the function that finishes when NandFlash storage card (16) reads the polylith data.
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WO2010000101A1 (en) * 2008-07-03 2010-01-07 深圳市中兴集成电路设计有限责任公司 Device and method for extending memory space of embedded system
WO2010139143A1 (en) * 2009-06-02 2010-12-09 深圳市融创天下科技发展有限公司 Method and system for realizing io expanding through standard sd memory interface
CN102103470A (en) * 2011-01-28 2011-06-22 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 Memory-expandable electronic equipment and memory expanding method
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CN102760319A (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-10-31 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 Method for expanding storage capacity of LKJ monitoring device
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WO2010139143A1 (en) * 2009-06-02 2010-12-09 深圳市融创天下科技发展有限公司 Method and system for realizing io expanding through standard sd memory interface
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CN102169466A (en) * 2010-06-22 2011-08-31 上海盈方微电子有限公司 Programmable Nandflash controller based on page operation
CN102103470A (en) * 2011-01-28 2011-06-22 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 Memory-expandable electronic equipment and memory expanding method
CN102760319A (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-10-31 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 Method for expanding storage capacity of LKJ monitoring device
WO2014183557A1 (en) * 2013-05-14 2014-11-20 北京控制工程研究所 Star sensor in-orbit maintenance method
CN103412829A (en) * 2013-08-16 2013-11-27 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 Method and device for expanding MCU (Micro-programmed Control Unit) program address space
WO2015021822A1 (en) * 2013-08-16 2015-02-19 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 Method and device for expanding mcu program address space
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CN104866345A (en) * 2015-05-21 2015-08-26 福建升腾资讯有限公司 Storage method of executable code under ARMv7m architecture
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CN109558072A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-04-02 建荣半导体（深圳）有限公司 The memory expanding method, system, audio that audio plays chip play chip and storage device
CN109558072B (en) * 2018-10-10 2022-03-25 建荣半导体（深圳）有限公司 Storage space expansion method and system of audio playing chip, audio playing chip and storage device

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