CN101324646A - Amplitude probability distribution statistical parameter measuring instrument - Google Patents
Amplitude probability distribution statistical parameter measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN101324646A CN101324646A CNA2008101172071A CN200810117207A CN101324646A CN 101324646 A CN101324646 A CN 101324646A CN A2008101172071 A CNA2008101172071 A CN A2008101172071A CN 200810117207 A CN200810117207 A CN 200810117207A CN 101324646 A CN101324646 A CN 101324646A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a statistical parameter measuring instrument of amplitude probability distribution (APD), and the statistical parameter measuring instrument belongs to the technical field of radio signals and interference measurement. The measuring instrument is composed of a logarithm compression circuit, an analog/digital sampling circuit and a digital signal processing (DSP) circuit. The DSP part comprises a sampling clock generating circuit and can be realized on a field programmable gate array device. The use of the design of a dual-port random access memory can realize the real-time result output during the continuous measurement process; the use of the separate design of a memory address bus, a data reading bus and a data writing bus and the clock double-edge processing technology can realize the high-efficient real-time data processing; the use of SPI and I<2>C bus simulation technology can provide two industrial standard interfaces, thereby providing a flexible and friendly interface for connecting various controllers. The application of the statistical parameter measuring instrument connects an input end to a final-stage middle frequency output port or an envelope detection output port of a traditional electromagnetic disturbance measurement receiver, so as to be able to complete the APD statistical parameter measurement of the radio signals or the electromagnetic disturbance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of amplitude probability distribution (APD) statistical parameter measuring instrument, belong to radio signal and interference measurement techniques field.
Background technology
It is one of research electric and electronic system, the interference of equipment and major technique means of anti-interference or Electromagnetic Compatibility problem that electromagnetic disturbance is measured (measuring hereinafter to be referred as EMI).The EMI measuring receiver is to implement the special measurement equipment that EMI measures.
Composition from the EMI measuring receiver, basically be exactly one one and contain the superhet that the high frequency frequency-selecting is amplified, its sensitivity can come modulation by tunable radio frequency (RF) attenuator of input circuit, preselection filter cooperates preposition putting in advance in order to improve the outer inhibition degree of band and to provide suitable incoming signal level for mixer stage, signal is converted to fixing IF-FRE after by frequency mixer (usually by forming more than the two-stage), intermediate-frequency filter is used for determining the resolution bandwidth of instrument, and by intermediate frequency amplifier signal power is amplified to proper level.
The main target parameter that traditional EMI measures is the output of receiver wave detector.CISPR (CISPR) specifying measurement receiver must possess four kinds of basic detection modes, be quasi-peak value (QP), peak value (PK), mean value (AV) and root-mean-square value (RMS), they are used to respectively electromagnetic disturbance of different nature is measured.In most civil standards, the limit value level of electromagnetic disturbance generally provides with quasi-peak value, and army's mapping examination is then many to be provided with the peak value form.Quasi-peak value and peak detection all design at detecting the impulse type electromagnetic disturbance: the mechanical damping simulated behavior that discharges and recharges time constant and indicator in people from quasi-peak detector the physiological responses characteristic of ear or human eye, its output meets the subjective feeling of human auditory or vision, and its pusle response characteristics is that the wave detector output amplitude is directly proportional with the repetition frequency of pulse; Peak detection then mainly is in order to detect the amplitude peak value of disturbance level, and its discharge time constant is far longer than charging rate.
Yet, occupy today of main flow in digital display circuit, use quasi-peak value or peak detector to export the method for weighing annoyance level and be difficult to be applicable to various situations.Owing to extensively adopted technology such as coded modulation, channel filtering and spread spectrum, the anti-co-channel interference ability of existing many digital display circuits is far from simulation system and can compares; And particular system will be far longer than the harassing and wrecking of continuous wave form for the susceptibility of the impulsive disturbance of particular form.On the other hand, electromagnetic disturbance mainly is the artificial impulsive noise from other system or equipment, these noise spikes are not to describe with simple Gaussian-shaped pulse harassing and wrecking model, because of their frequency spectrum is not smooth white noise form, so only weigh also insufficient with the output of root mean square detector yet.In summary, the time constant that discharges and recharges of traditional quasi-peak value or peak detector makes the output of wave detector can't reflect the variation of big dynamic disturbance level fast at all, thereby has lost the foundation of accurate differentiation annoyance level.Seeking a kind of deficiency that can overcome traditional detection measuring method, can reflect the measuring method of pulse feature harassing and wrecking to the influence of digital display circuit simultaneously, is the current problem of facing of this ambit of EMC.
Along with the development of statistical communication theory, theory of probability and mathematical statistics method have been widely applied design of communication system and aspects such as analysis and performance estimation.At the randomness characteristics of noise, when particularly studying same harassing and wrecking to the influencing of different communication systems, the measurement of time domain statistical parameter has special advantages.Statistical parameter is measured and is not directly measured the net result of harassing and wrecking to the recipient, but at first set up harassing and wrecking model and system model, obtain harassing influence to the communication system of different systems by changing system model, it can both be estimated effectively to analog communication system and digital communication system.And by to the measurement of statistical parameter, we can be calculated characteristics such as peak value that conversion draws corresponding disturbance level, quasi-peak value, effective value, mean value by statistics, thereby can go to study the influence of harassing and wrecking to communication system from all angles.Particularly in digital communication system, we can set up corresponding relation with the bit error rate of statistical parameter result and communication system, thereby overcome the deficiency of conventional method, and the effective evaluation harassing and wrecking are to the influence of digital communication system.
CISPR is in the new CISPR16-1-1Ed.2 standard of passing through in 2006, with amplitude probability distribution (Amplitude Probability Distribution, APD) the statistical parameter measuring method has been classified a kind of standard method of measurement of electromagnetic disturbance as, as replenishing the detection measuring method.Though each product council does not also specifically provide for the APD limit value of the harassing and wrecking emission of various kinds of equipment at present, the enforcement of this statistical parameter measuring method has been trend of the times.At present, the employed EMI measuring receiver of each scientific research and testing agency does not still possess the APD measurement function, if purchase new equipment for this reason, and fund and foreign exchange that cost is a large amount of.APD measuring instrument of the present invention is realized the measurement of APD statistical parameter by being connected to the output of final stage intermediate frequency or the envelope detection output port of traditional E MI receiver or frequency spectrograph.It has made full use of the function of traditional receiver prime radio frequency signal processing circuit, and combine the advantage of APD statistical parameter measuring method, can be for the existing equipment of each scientific research institution, test experience chamber expansion APD measurement function need not to purchase expensive new equipment again, have optimistic application prospect and market widely.
The amplitude of APD statistical parameter measuring method statistics electromagnetic disturbance surpasses the time probability of certain specified level.Although APD measurement itself and nonspecific intermediate frequency envelope at received signal, but from the angle that realizes, high-frequency signal or noise are carried out the statistical parameter measurement of time domain, also this signal or noise must be nursed one's health, it is converted to the frequency that is suitable for measuring, measures and add up on the envelope frequently therein.Say that in a sense APD measures a kind of special broad sense detection mode that also can be understood that.It at the signal or the electromagnetic noise measurement result of certain frequency, be not as traditional detector, only to provide a measured value, but a Groups List value, corresponding respectively signal or noise level and signal or noise amplitude surpass the time probability of this level.
APD measures and can realize with following described method substantially: to the intermediate frequency envelope voltage of input, adopt a slice A/D converter (sampling rate and sampling resolution are looked specific targets and required decision) to sample, convert digital signal to and represent.Sampling number to each quantization level in the measuring process carries out cumulative statistics, distributes through calculating the APD that just can obtain this measurement at last.Concrete grammar is: the digital signal after will sampling is as addressing information, i.e. a storage unit in the equal corresponding random access memory of each sampled value, the count value of storing corresponding accumulative total sampling number in the storage unit.When each new sampled value arrives, the count value of correspondence is added one get final product.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that solves:
The input end of using APD statistical parameter measuring instrument of the present invention is connected to the output of final stage intermediate frequency or the envelope detection output port of traditional E MI measuring receiver, can finish the APD statistical parameter of radio signal or electromagnetic disturbance is measured.
Measuring process does not have interruption, in the measuring process user side can be clog-free ground obtain the intermediate data measured in real time;
The serial bus interface output measurement data of use standard;
Measuring process is finished automatically by computer control.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
APD statistical parameter measuring instrument of the present invention comprises log compression circuit, mould/number sample circuit, digital signal processing circuit; Digital signal processing circuit comprises fifo queue, level statistical module, double-port RAM, data-interface logic, serial peripheral interface (SPI) and twin wire serial line interface (I
2C) Bus simulator module, digital signal processing circuit realize that on a slice FPGA this measuring instrument uses the output of final stage intermediate frequency or the envelope detection of traditional electromagnetic disturbance measuring receiver to export as input signal.
Use the log compression circuit expansion to measure dynamic range, adopt step by step the signal of detection logarithmic amplifier centering frequency input terminal mouth to carry out envelope detection and to number conversion, the envelope voltage of intermediate-freuqncy signal is transformed into log-domain with the decibel unit representation, thereby under the mould/number conversion condition of finite resolving power, obtains the linear layering of decibel level.
In the level statistical module with address port, data reading port, the write data port discrete design of random access memory, and finish storage address respectively at the rising edge of operating clock and negative edge and latch/addressing, memory read, "+1 " logical operation, four operation stepss of memory write, thereby finish the level statistical function of APD statistical measurement in the cycle at two internal clockings.
Double-port RAM provides two covers separate access port: wherein a cover access port carries out the counting statistics use towards the level statistical module; Another set of access port data-oriented interface logic module is used for user inquiring measurement result data.
The spi bus emulation module becomes an electricallyerasable ROM (EEROM) (E with standard SPI with the emulation of user oriented measurement data output port
2PROM); I
2The emulation of the just user oriented measurement data output port of C Bus simulator module becomes one to have standard I
2The E of C
2PROM.
APD statistical parameter measuring instrument of the present invention and existing superhet EMI measuring receiver or spectrum analyzer are used: receiver is tuned on the target frequency, or frequency spectrograph is operated in a frequency (0 swept frequency range) pattern,, can finish the APD statistical parameter and measure as the input signal of this measuring instrument with the output of its final stage intermediate frequency or envelope detection output.Measuring process uses a computer to control automatically and finishes.
For signal from receiver intermediate frequency output, owing to have very great dynamic range, thus detect by the envelope of log compression circuit signal, and be transformed into log-domain and represent.And for the measured signal from the output of receiver envelope detection port, owing to finished number conversion, so stride across log compression circuit by the input selector switch bypass;
The intermediate frequency envelope voltage is admitted to mould/number sample circuit immediately, sends into digital signal processing circuit after converting digital signal to.
Digital signal processing circuit is finished the core operation that the APD statistical parameter is measured, i.e. level statistical treatment.The result data that obtains is through SPI or I
2The output of C bus interface.All digital signal processing circuit functions all realize on a slice field programmable gate array (FPGA) device.Simultaneously, on FPGA, also realized the sampling clock generation circuit of mould/number sample stage.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
APD statistical parameter measuring instrument of the present invention is by being connected to the intermediate frequency output or the envelope detection output port of traditional E MI receiver or frequency spectrograph, realized the APD statistical parameter of radio signal or electromagnetic noise is measured, index satisfies the principles and requirements that CISPR advises.
Adopted a series of unique design in the present invention, made that in carrying out free of discontinuities continuous coverage process, the user can visit the measurement result data in real time and need not suspend measuring process; The user data access end has adopted SPI and I
2C Bus simulator interfacing makes the user can use the SPI or the I of standard
2The C accessing time sequence visits the measurement result data, and convenient and various controllers are built measuring system, has improved the dirigibility of using.
Use APD statistical parameter measuring instrument of the present invention can be built into APD statistical parameter measuring system with traditional EMI measuring receiver, it is fully by the function of traditional receiver prime radio frequency signal processing circuit, and combine the advantage of APD statistical parameter measuring method, can be the existing equipment expansion APD measurement function of each scientific research institution, test experience chamber, and need not to purchase again expensive new equipment, thereby economize on the use of funds and foreign exchange.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A PD statistical parameter measuring instrument theory diagram;
Fig. 2 log compression circuit schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further:
1. amplitude probability distribution statistical parameter measuring instrument
As shown in Figure 1, this measuring instrument comprises log compression circuit, mould/number sample circuit, digital signal processing circuit; It is selective that measuring instrument has " intermediate-freuqncy signal " and " envelope detection " two input ports, can use the final stage intermediate frequency output of traditional electromagnetic disturbance measuring receiver or envelope detection to export as input signal; Digital signal processing circuit is realized on a slice FPGA, by fifo queue (FIFO), level statistical module, double-port RAM, data-interface logic, SPI and I
2C Bus simulator module is formed.
Intermediate-freuqncy signal is carried out envelope detection and log-compressed through log compression circuit and is measured dynamically with expansion, envelope voltage that obtains or the signal of directly being imported by the envelope detection port enter mould/number sample circuit and convert digital signal to, send into digital signal processing circuit then and handle.
Digital signal at first enters FIFO and cushions, to realize the balance of deal with data load.Signal after the buffering enters the accumulated counts statistics that the level statistical module carries out corresponding level immediately.The result data of statistical measurement is temporarily stored in the double-port RAM.Measurement result is by spi bus emulation interface or I
2C Bus simulator interface supplies user inquiring or calls.
2. log compression circuit
Log compression circuit is finished following computing to intermediate-freuqncy signal:
V
OUT＝V
Ylog(V
ENV/V
X)
V in the formula
OUTBe output voltage; V
YFor voltage transitions slope or title log slope, generally get denary logarithm, in the case V
YAlso be per minute shellfish voltage; V
ENVEnvelope voltage for the input intermediate-freuqncy signal; V
XBe logarithm intercept voltage.
Being illustrated in figure 2 as the log compression circuit schematic diagram, is that the logarithmic amplifier of detection step by step of AD8310 is finished envelope detection and to number conversion by a slice model.By port RFIN input, input end is obtained impedance matching with receiver 50 Ω medium frequency output end mouths by parallel resistance RF1 from the intermediate-freuqncy signal of receiver.Signal inputs to the pin INHI of AD8310 through capacitor C 49 AC coupling; AD8310 is exported by pin VOUT through detection with to the logarithmic envelope voltage after the number conversion by the work of input single ended mode, is sent to the input end ANAIN of next stage mould/number conversion circuit through resistance R F5.
Provide the output port of the envelope detection after log-compressed for some, the EMI measuring receiver or the spectrum analyzer that also claim video-out port, when adopting this kind equipment to cooperate the APD statistical parameter measuring instrument to detect, then can omit log compression circuit, directly send the signal of this port to mould/number sample stage circuit and handle.
3. Double Data Rate (DDR) level statistical module
In the level statistical module with address port, data reading port, the write data port discrete design of random access memory, and finish storage address respectively at the rising edge of operating clock and negative edge and latch/addressing, memory read, "+1 " logical operation, four operation stepss of memory write, thereby finish the level statistical function of APD statistical measurement in the cycle at two internal clockings.
In carrying out the process that the APD statistical parameter measures, what in fact finish is that sampling number to each quantization level of mould/number sampling carries out counting statistics, could further finish the calculating of APD distribution on this level statistics.Four steps below the operation that needs to finish in a sampling period has comprised: one, with the sampled value data latching, and as address information to the random access memory addressing; Two, the count value in the storage unit of storer corresponding address is read; Three, this numerical value is done "+1 " computing; Four, the data after handling are write back the same address storaging unit of random access memory.
This shows that conventional design will use 4 operating clock cycles to finish above-mentioned data processing operation circulation, this just requires the speed operation 4 times or more of APD statistical circuit with sampling clock, has limited the measurement mechanism processing speed.The present invention has adopted unique circuit structure and timing Design to realize Double Data Rate (DDR) level statistical module, make aforesaid operations to finish in the cycle at two operating clocks, the operating clock that is level statistical module circuit only need be that two frequencys multiplication of sampling clock get final product, and has promoted the potentiality on the device speed.
Concrete grammar is referring to Fig. 1, and the level statistical module is made up of the address latch in the block diagram, "+1 " logical operation, double-port RAM and the connectivity port between them.The double-port RAM level is added up address port (among the figure " address 1 "), data read port (among the figure " data read 1 "), the discrete setting of data write port (among the figure " data write 1 ") of side (left side), and all carry out the operation of corresponding steps at the rising edge and the negative edge of operating clock.
4. double-port RAM (DPRAM)
Double-port RAM provides two covers separate access port: wherein a cover access port carries out the counting statistics use towards the level statistical module; Another set of access port data-oriented interface logic module is used for user inquiring measurement result data.
Level statistics in the measuring process is temporarily stored in the random access memory.According to the design of the one-port memory of routine, if the user will visit these data in measuring process, must suspend and measure, otherwise may cause memory access conflict and cause the data in the storer destroyed.Under the precondition that guarantees the free of discontinuities continuous coverage, the blind wait phenomenon in the measuring process will appear in conventional design, and promptly less than finishing (CISPR is defined as 2 minutes) measuring period, the user just can't visit measurement data.
Adopted double-port RAM (DPRAM) technology in the present invention, solved free of discontinuities effectively and measured and measure contradiction between the blind wait.Carry out " the level statistical module " of measuring task and be responsible for respectively the different port of DPRAM being conducted interviews the access conflict of having avoided operation simultaneously to cause to " data-interface logic " module of user's output data.Utilize the design, realized the real-time output of measurement result data in the free of discontinuities measuring process.
5.SPI Bus simulator
For this measuring instrument can be used with each quasi-controller collocation easily and flexibly, the user data access end provides the spi bus emulation interface, concrete grammar is: realized a spi bus simulation interface module in digital signal processing circuit, " spi bus emulation " module referring among Fig. 1 becomes an E with standard spi bus circuit interface by it with measuring instrument emulation
2Prom memory.The user can use the spi bus accessing time sequence of standard to visit the measurement result data.
6.I
2The C Bus simulator
The user data access end also provides I
2C Bus simulator interface, concrete grammar is: realized an I in digital signal processing circuit
2C slave interface module is referring to " the I among Fig. 1
2The C Bus simulator " module, become one to have standard I measuring instrument emulation by it
2The E of C bus circuit interface
2Prom memory.The user can use the I of standard
2C bus access sequential visits the measurement result data.
SPI or I
2The function of C Bus simulator module all is to become a slice can use the standard access sequential to carry out the storer of serial access IP kernel emulation, and the user can select to use SPI or I by a control level signal
2The C bus.
Claims (6)
1. amplitude probability distribution statistical parameter measuring instrument, it is characterized in that: this measuring instrument comprises log compression circuit, mould/number sample circuit, digital signal processing circuit; Digital signal processing circuit comprises fifo queue, level statistical module, double-port RAM, data-interface logic, serial peripheral interface and twin wire serial interface bus emulation module; Digital signal processing circuit realizes that on a slice FPGA this measuring instrument uses the output of final stage intermediate frequency or the envelope detection of traditional electromagnetic disturbance measuring receiver to export as input signal.
2. a kind of amplitude probability distribution statistical parameter measuring instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: use the log compression circuit expansion to measure dynamic range, adopt step by step the signal of detection logarithmic amplifier centering frequency input terminal mouth to carry out envelope detection and to number conversion, the envelope voltage of intermediate-freuqncy signal is transformed into log-domain with the decibel unit representation, thereby under the mould/number conversion condition of finite resolving power, obtains the linear layering of decibel level.
3. a kind of amplitude probability distribution statistical parameter measuring instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the level statistical module with address port, data reading port, the write data port discrete design of random access memory, and finish storage address respectively at the rising edge of operating clock and negative edge and latch/addressing, memory read, "+1 " logical operation, four operation stepss of memory write, thereby finish the level statistical function that amplitude probability distribution statistical is measured in the cycle at two internal clockings.
4. a kind of amplitude probability distribution statistical parameter measuring instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: double-port RAM provides two covers separate access port: wherein a cover access port carries out the counting statistics use towards the level statistical module; Another set of access port data-oriented interface logic module is used for user inquiring measurement result data.
5. a kind of amplitude probability distribution statistical parameter measuring instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the emulation of the user oriented measurement data output port of serial peripheral interface Bus simulator module becomes an electricallyerasable ROM (EEROM) with standard serial peripheral interface;
6. a kind of amplitude probability distribution statistical parameter measuring instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the emulation of the user oriented measurement data output port of twin wire serial interface bus emulation module becomes an electricallyerasable ROM (EEROM) with standard twin wire serial line interface.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101881797A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2010-11-10 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Amplitude probability distribution recorder based on universal instrument |
| CN102385012A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-03-21 | 北京交通大学 | Monitoring system of electromagnetic environment of vehicle-mounted train control equipment for train |
| CN102735929A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-17 | 安立股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing APD measuring device |
| CN103559168A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Method and device for continuously calculating large point amplitude probability distribution |
| CN105490689A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-13 | 成都振芯科技股份有限公司 | High linearity radio frequency receiving processing method |
| CN105490690A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-13 | 成都振芯科技股份有限公司 | High linearity radio frequency receiving processing circuit |
| CN106597098A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-26 | 深圳市鼎阳科技有限公司 | Data processing method and device for spectrum analyzer |
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2008
- 2008-07-25 CN CNA2008101172071A patent/CN101324646A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101881797A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2010-11-10 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Amplitude probability distribution recorder based on universal instrument |
| CN102735929A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-17 | 安立股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing APD measuring device |
| CN102735929B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-06-25 | 安立股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing APD measuring device |
| CN102385012A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-03-21 | 北京交通大学 | Monitoring system of electromagnetic environment of vehicle-mounted train control equipment for train |
| CN102385012B (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2014-04-09 | 北京交通大学 | Monitoring system of electromagnetic environment of vehicle-mounted train control equipment for train |
| CN103559168B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2017-02-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Method and device for continuously determining large point amplitude probability distribution |
| CN103559168A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Method and device for continuously calculating large point amplitude probability distribution |
| CN105490689A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-13 | 成都振芯科技股份有限公司 | High linearity radio frequency receiving processing method |
| CN105490690A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-13 | 成都振芯科技股份有限公司 | High linearity radio frequency receiving processing circuit |
| CN105490690B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2018-10-12 | 成都振芯科技股份有限公司 | A kind of High Linear radio frequency reception processing circuit |
| CN105490689B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2018-11-23 | 成都振芯科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of High Linear radio frequency reception processing |
| CN106597098A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-26 | 深圳市鼎阳科技有限公司 | Data processing method and device for spectrum analyzer |
| CN106597098B (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2019-11-12 | 深圳市鼎阳科技有限公司 | A kind of data processing method and device of spectrum analyzer |
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