CN101324029A - A kind of antibacterial and hydrophilic nonwoven fabric and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种有抗菌及亲水性的非织造布,非织造布上涂覆有蚕丝蛋白和甲壳素;还公开了一种制备所述非织造布的方法,包括以下步骤:在20℃~40℃的温度下,将非织造布在含有蚕丝蛋白和甲壳素的整理液中二浸二轧后,在<160℃的条件下焙烘固着。本发明的非织造布,通过将蚕丝蛋白和甲壳素涂覆到非织造布的表面,使非织造布具有亲水、抑菌杀菌效果,而对非织造布外观无明显影响。制得的非织造布可用于用完即弃医疗卫生材料。The invention discloses an antibacterial and hydrophilic non-woven fabric, which is coated with silk protein and chitin; also discloses a method for preparing the non-woven fabric, comprising the following steps: 20 At a temperature of ℃ to 40 ℃, the nonwoven fabric is dipped twice and rolled twice in the finishing solution containing silk protein and chitin, and then baked and fixed under the condition of <160 ℃. In the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, the surface of the nonwoven fabric is coated with fibroin and chitin, so that the nonwoven fabric has hydrophilic, antibacterial and bactericidal effects, and has no obvious influence on the appearance of the nonwoven fabric. The prepared non-woven fabric can be used as disposable medical and sanitary materials.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属功能性材料领域,特别涉及一种具有抗菌及亲水的非织造布及其制备方法和应用。The invention belongs to the field of functional materials, and in particular relates to an antibacterial and hydrophilic nonwoven fabric, a preparation method and application thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
一些医疗卫生用非织造布由于加工特点及产品成本等方面的原因,长期以来大多采用合成纤维,如涤纶、丙纶,造成产品的亲水性能差;同时,这类材料从加工到使用过程中,对其有非常高的抗菌要求。因此,开发具有亲水和抗菌性能的医疗卫生用非织造布势在必行。Due to the processing characteristics and product cost of some medical and sanitary nonwovens, synthetic fibers such as polyester and polypropylene have been mostly used for a long time, resulting in poor hydrophilicity of the product; It has very high antibacterial requirements. Therefore, it is imperative to develop nonwovens for medical and sanitary use with hydrophilic and antibacterial properties.
改善非织造布及纤维亲水和抗菌性能可通过物理的、化学的方法进行,如原丝改性、表面接枝改性、功能性整理(如浸轧法或浸渍法)等。其中,功能性整理方法简便、成本低廉,能够在基本保持非织造布原有特性的基础上增加其吸湿吸水性和抗菌性,因而成为应用较为普遍的一种方法。但功能性整理存在耐久性差的问题。Improving the hydrophilic and antibacterial properties of nonwovens and fibers can be carried out through physical and chemical methods, such as raw silk modification, surface graft modification, functional finishing (such as padding or dipping), etc. Among them, the functional finishing method is simple and low-cost, and can increase its hygroscopicity, water absorption and antibacterial properties on the basis of basically maintaining the original characteristics of nonwovens, so it has become a more common method. However, there is a problem of poor durability in functional finishing.
医疗卫生用非织造布包括消毒湿巾、伤口敷料、止血贴、绷带、纱布球、药膏布、吸液垫等,以及用即弃材料,如婴儿尿布、妇女卫生巾、成人失禁垫等。其中,用即弃非织造布对耐久性要求并不高。Medical and sanitary nonwovens include disinfectant wipes, wound dressings, hemostatic patches, bandages, gauze balls, ointment cloths, absorbent pads, etc., as well as disposable materials such as baby diapers, women's sanitary napkins, and adult incontinence pads. Among them, disposable nonwovens do not require high durability.
蚕丝是熟蚕结茧时分泌丝液凝固而成,它由两种蛋白质组成:即中心部分的丝素和包围其周围的丝胶。以往应用于衣料材料时,为了产生蚕丝的独特光泽和手感,在精练加工过程中,要去除大部分丝胶,主要利用丝素;从精练废液中稳定地分离出丝胶,并对其精制,目前此技术已成熟并达到工业化。丝素纤维透气性好,吸湿性极佳,含有对人体极具营养价值的18种氨基酸,应用在临床医疗中,可制成人造血管;在非织造布领域的应用有医用敷料,用于烧伤创面覆面,有助于创面愈合,也称为“人工皮肤”。丝胶的主要成分是丝氨酸,此外还有天门冬氨酸、谷氧酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸。丝氨酸是皮肤中天然保湿因子的成分,对皮肤有很好的亲和作用,有抑制皮肤皱纹生成的效果;日本的皮肤科医学工作者以高纯度的丝胶蛋白处理胸罩试验,证明丝胶蛋白对特征性皮炎有很好疗效。Silk is solidified by the silk fluid secreted by cooked silkworms when they make cocoons. It is composed of two proteins: silk fibroin in the center and sericin surrounding it. In the past, when it was applied to clothing materials, in order to produce the unique luster and feel of silk, most of the sericin was removed during the scouring process, and silk fibroin was mainly used; sericin was stably separated from the scouring waste liquid and refined , At present, this technology has matured and reached industrialization. Silk fiber has good air permeability and excellent hygroscopicity. It contains 18 kinds of amino acids that are of great nutritional value to the human body. It can be used in clinical medicine and can be made into artificial blood vessels; in the field of non-woven fabrics, it can be used as medical dressings for burns Wound coverings that aid in wound healing, also known as "artificial skin". The main component of sericin is serine, in addition to aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, glycine. Serine is a component of the natural moisturizing factor in the skin. It has a good affinity for the skin and has the effect of inhibiting the formation of skin wrinkles. Japanese dermatologists treated bras with high-purity sericin. Tests have proved that sericin It has a good effect on characteristic dermatitis.
壳聚糖又称脱乙酰几丁质、聚氨基葡萄糖、可溶性甲壳素,是由甲壳素经脱乙酰化反应转化变成的生物大分子。而甲壳素又名甲壳质、几丁质、蟹壳素、聚乙酰氨基葡萄糖等,是一种维持和保护甲壳动物和微生物躯体的线性氨基多糖,广泛存在于节足动物类(蜘蛛类、甲壳类)的翅膀或外壳中。壳聚糖及其衍生物具有优异的广谱抗菌性,同时壳聚糖具有良好的吸湿性、生物相容性和生物降解性,降解产物一般对人体无毒副作用,在体内不积蓄,无免疫原性,因而在生物医学领域有着极广阔的前景。已开发和潜在的应用实例包括人工皮肤(创伤敷料)、手术缝合线与骨修复材料、抗凝血剂和人工透析膜、药物制剂和药物释放剂等。Chitosan, also known as deacetylated chitin, polyglucosamine, and soluble chitin, is a biomacromolecule transformed from chitin through deacetylation reaction. Chitin, also known as chitin, chitin, crab shellin, polyacetylglucosamine, etc., is a linear amino polysaccharide that maintains and protects the bodies of crustaceans and microorganisms, and is widely found in arthropods (spiders, crustaceans, etc.) class) in the wings or shells. Chitosan and its derivatives have excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. At the same time, chitosan has good hygroscopicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The degradation products generally have no toxic side effects on the human body, do not accumulate in the body, and have no immunity. Therefore, it has a very broad prospect in the field of biomedicine. Examples of developed and potential applications include artificial skin (wound dressings), surgical sutures and bone repair materials, anticoagulants and artificial dialysis membranes, pharmaceutical formulations and drug release agents, etc.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种有抗菌及亲水性的非织造布,所述非织造布上涂覆有蚕丝蛋白和甲壳素。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide an antibacterial and hydrophilic non-woven fabric, which is coated with silk protein and chitin.
所述蚕丝蛋白为丝素蛋白或丝胶蛋白。The silk protein is silk fibroin or sericin.
所述甲壳素为脱乙酰度>90%的甲壳素。The chitin is a chitin with a degree of deacetylation>90%.
所述非织造布为丙纶纺粘非织造布、涤纶水刺非织造布、涤纶纺粘非织造布或粘胶/涤纶水刺非织造布。The nonwoven fabric is polypropylene spunbonded nonwoven fabric, polyester spunlace nonwoven fabric, polyester spunbonded nonwoven fabric or viscose/polyester spunlace nonwoven fabric.
本发明还提供一种制备如上所述的非织造布的方法,包括以下步骤:在20℃~40℃的温度下,将非织造布在含有蚕丝蛋白和甲壳素的整理液中二浸二轧后,在<160℃的条件下焙烘固着。The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned nonwoven fabric, which includes the following steps: at a temperature of 20°C to 40°C, double-dipping and second-rolling the nonwoven fabric in a finishing solution containing silk protein and chitin Finally, it is baked and fixed under the condition of <160°C.
所述的整理液还含有无甲醛粘合剂,其各组分及按重量百分比为:Described finishing solution also contains formaldehyde-free binder, and its each component and percentage by weight are:
蚕丝蛋白 0.5~5%Silk protein 0.5~5%
甲壳素 0.5~5%Chitin 0.5~5%
无甲醛粘合剂 5~20%Formaldehyde-free binder 5~20%
其余量为水。The balance is water.
所述的甲壳素是溶解于<1%的醋酸水溶液中的甲壳素。The chitin is the chitin dissolved in <1% acetic acid aqueous solution.
本发明的非织造布用于用即弃医疗卫生材料。The nonwoven fabric of the present invention is used for disposable medical and sanitary materials.
本发明具有以下有益效果:本发明的非织造布,通过将蚕丝蛋白和甲壳素涂覆到非织造布的表面,使非织造布具有亲水、抑菌杀菌效果,而对非织造布外观无明显影响。制得的非织造布可用于用即弃医疗卫生材料。The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, by coating the surface of the nonwoven fabric with silk protein and chitin, makes the nonwoven fabric have hydrophilic, antibacterial and bactericidal effects, and has no effect on the appearance of the nonwoven fabric. obvious impact. The prepared non-woven fabric can be used as disposable medical and sanitary materials.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合实施例来说明本发明的技术方案:The technical scheme of the present invention is described below in conjunction with embodiment:
本发明的一种有抗菌及亲水性的非织造布,非织造布上涂覆有蚕丝蛋白和甲壳素。蚕丝蛋白为丝素蛋白或丝胶蛋白。甲壳素为脱乙酰度>90%的甲壳素。The invention relates to an antibacterial and hydrophilic nonwoven fabric, which is coated with silk protein and chitin. Silk protein is silk fibroin or sericin. Chitin is chitin with deacetylation degree>90%.
实施例1、Embodiment 1,
将丙纶纺粘非织造布通过整理液的浸轧槽进行二浸二轧,整理液中甲壳素和丝素蛋白的含量均为1%,WH粘合剂为5%,浴比为1∶50,温度为25℃,轧余率100%,然后预烘(70℃),焙烘(130℃)。该非织造布可以有效杀死83.4%的大肠杆菌E.coli和80.6%的金黄葡萄球菌S.aureus,亲水性增加了4.6倍。The polypropylene spunbonded nonwoven fabric is subjected to two dipping and two rolling through the padding tank of the finishing solution. The contents of chitin and silk fibroin in the finishing solution are both 1%, the WH binder is 5%, and the bath ratio is 1:50 , the temperature is 25°C, the rolling ratio is 100%, then pre-baked (70°C), and baked (130°C). The nonwoven fabric can effectively kill 83.4% of Escherichia coli E.coli and 80.6% of Staphylococcus aureus S.aureus, and the hydrophilicity has increased by 4.6 times.
抗菌性测试方法:Antibacterial test method:
取直径为1厘米的功能性整理后的非织造布和未经整理的非织造布,紫外照射灭菌(照射时间为30分钟),无菌水浸润;将样品分别放至无菌细胞培养皿中,随后各加入50微升细菌培养液(106CFU/毫升),并在37℃恒温箱中培养2小时;向培养皿中各加入1毫升磷酸缓冲液,并用超声波清洗(64kHz,2分钟),然后各取50微升梯度稀释,把50微升不同稀释度的细菌缓冲液加到培养皿中,用涂布棒将菌液均匀涂布在固体琼脂培养基上,并置于37℃恒温箱中培养24小时;根据固体琼脂培养基上菌落的数目来计算样品的抗菌能力。Take functionally finished non-woven fabrics and unfinished non-woven fabrics with a diameter of 1 cm, sterilize with ultraviolet radiation (irradiation time is 30 minutes), soak in sterile water; put the samples into sterile cell culture dishes respectively Then add 50 microliters of bacterial culture solution (10 6 CFU/ml) and incubate in a 37°C incubator for 2 hours; add 1ml of phosphate buffer solution to the petri dish and clean it with ultrasonic waves (64kHz, 2 minutes ), and then take 50 microliters of gradient dilutions, add 50 microliters of bacterial buffers of different dilutions to the petri dish, spread the bacterial solution evenly on the solid agar medium with a coating stick, and place it at 37 °C Cultivate in an incubator for 24 hours; calculate the antibacterial ability of the sample according to the number of colonies on the solid agar medium.
亲水性测试方法:Hydrophilic test method:
根据《中华人民共和国专业标准纺织品毛细效应试验方法(FZ/T01071-1999)》,剪取经功能性整理后的非织造布和未经整理的非织造布试样,长30cm,宽3cm。将试样在温度为20±2℃、相对湿度为65%±3%的标准大气条件下放置24h后,垂直放置在织物毛细效应仪中,水温27℃±2℃,样品入水长度30mm,30min后立刻量取每块试样条的渗液高度,计算亲水性增加程度。试验在温度为20±2℃、相对湿度为65%±3%的标准大气条件下进行。According to the "People's Republic of China Professional Standard Textile Capillary Effect Test Method (FZ/T01071-1999)", cut the nonwoven fabric after functional finishing and the nonwoven fabric sample without finishing, 30cm long and 3cm wide. Place the sample in the standard atmospheric condition with a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of 65%±3% for 24 hours, then place it vertically in the fabric capillary effect instrument, the water temperature is 27°C±2°C, the length of the sample into the water is 30mm, 30min Immediately after that, measure the seepage height of each sample strip, and calculate the degree of increase in hydrophilicity. The test is carried out under standard atmospheric conditions with a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of 65%±3%.
实施例2:Example 2:
将涤纶水刺非织造布通过整理液的浸轧槽进行二浸二轧,整理液中甲壳素含量为2%,丝胶蛋白含量为5%,WH粘合剂为10%,浴比为1∶50,温度为20℃,轧余率100%,然后预烘(70℃),焙烘(125℃)。该非织造布可以有效杀死85.7%的大肠杆菌E.coli和82.3%的金黄葡萄球菌S.aureus,亲水性增加了6.9倍。The polyester spunlaced nonwoven fabric is subjected to two dipping and two rolling through the padding tank of the finishing solution. The content of chitin in the finishing solution is 2%, the content of sericin is 5%, the WH binder is 10%, and the liquor ratio is 1 : 50, the temperature is 20°C, the scrap rate is 100%, then prebaked (70°C), and baked (125°C). The nonwoven fabric can effectively kill 85.7% of Escherichia coli E.coli and 82.3% of Staphylococcus aureus S.aureus, and the hydrophilicity has increased by 6.9 times.
实施例3:Example 3:
将70/30粘胶/涤纶水刺非织造布通过整理液的浸轧槽进行二浸二轧,整理液中甲壳素含量为5%,丝素蛋白含量为3%,WH粘合剂为10%,浴比为1∶50,温度为40℃,轧余率100%,然后预烘(70℃),焙烘(155℃)。该非织造布可以有效杀死88.1%的大肠杆菌E.coli和86.3%的金黄葡萄球菌S.aureus,亲水性增加了4.2倍。The 70/30 viscose/polyester spunlaced nonwoven fabric is subjected to two dipping and two rolling through the padding tank of the finishing solution. The content of chitin in the finishing solution is 5%, the content of silk fibroin is 3%, and the WH binder is 10 %, the bath ratio is 1:50, the temperature is 40°C, the rolling ratio is 100%, then pre-baked (70°C), and baked (155°C). The nonwoven fabric can effectively kill 88.1% of Escherichia coli E.coli and 86.3% of Staphylococcus aureus S.aureus, and the hydrophilicity has increased by 4.2 times.
实施例4:Example 4:
将涤纶纺粘非织造布通过整理液的浸轧槽进行二浸二轧,整理液中甲壳素含量为5%,丝胶蛋白含量为5%,WH粘合剂为20%,浴比为1∶50,温度为30℃,轧余率100%,然后预烘(70℃),焙烘(140℃)。该非织造布可以有效杀死87.2%的大肠杆菌E.coli和86.5%的金黄葡萄球菌S.aureus,亲水性增加了7.6倍。The polyester spunbonded nonwoven fabric is subjected to two dipping and two rolling through the padding tank of the finishing solution. The content of chitin in the finishing solution is 5%, the content of sericin is 5%, the WH adhesive is 20%, and the liquor ratio is 1 : 50, the temperature is 30°C, the scrap rate is 100%, then pre-baked (70°C), and baked (140°C). The nonwoven fabric can effectively kill 87.2% of Escherichia coli E.coli and 86.5% of Staphylococcus aureus S.aureus, and the hydrophilicity has increased by 7.6 times.
最后,还需要注意的是,以上列举的仅是本发明的具体实施例子。显然,本发明不限于以上实施例子,还可以有许多变形。本领域的普通技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接导出或联想到的所有变形,均应认为是本发明的保护范围。Finally, it should also be noted that the above examples are only specific implementation examples of the present invention. Apparently, the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and many variations are possible. All deformations that can be directly derived or associated by those skilled in the art from the content disclosed in the present invention should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
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