CN101316996B - 尾气净化装置 - Google Patents
尾气净化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101316996B CN101316996B CN200680044717XA CN200680044717A CN101316996B CN 101316996 B CN101316996 B CN 101316996B CN 200680044717X A CN200680044717X A CN 200680044717XA CN 200680044717 A CN200680044717 A CN 200680044717A CN 101316996 B CN101316996 B CN 101316996B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/0211—Arrangements for mounting filtering elements in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/02—Fitting monolithic blocks into the housing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Abstract
根据本发明的尾气净化装置具有沿着气流方向不分开的共用外壳(16),所述外壳用于两个串联的插件,这两个插件即催化转化器(8)和颗粒过滤器(10)。根据本发明,为了对催化转化器(8)和颗粒过滤器(10)施加不同的夹持力,插入的支撑垫(12、14)具有不同的设计。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及尾气净化装置,其包括至少两个尾气净化插件,这两个插件串联在共用外壳内并且根据不同的夹持力需求以不同的夹持力周边夹紧在所述外壳内。
背景技术
车辆尾气系统所使用的尾气净化装置变得日益完善。该装置一般包括以基材形式出现的插件,所述插件由陶瓷材料制成,作为机械过滤器,如颗粒过滤器,或者在催化材料涂覆,来催化净化尾气。所述插件需要被收容,以最大限度节省空间,在某些情况下,它们在针对气流来说,进一步需要设置地彼此非常靠近,以便减少催化转化器和过滤器之间的热量损失,以及其他考虑因素。由于这个原因,插件收容在共用外壳内。颗粒过滤器基材,特别是由SiC制成,非常沉重,但相对催化转化器基材来说,尤其是相对柴油机氧化催化剂基材来说,非常坚固。另一方面,柴油机氧化催化剂基材重量很轻并且极其易碎。它们的断裂强度和剪切强度都很低。相比于沉重坚固的颗粒过滤器来说,催化转化器径向可承受的夹持力非常低,意味否则的话它们会变形和损坏。但是由于它们重量轻,很小的夹持力就已经足够。为了对不同插件达到不同的必须和最大可能夹持力,截至目前的外壳在气流方向都是分成多段的设计。每个插件以所需的夹持力包含到分开的外壳部件中,然后利用放置在外壳部件之间的柱状环将外壳部件焊接在一起,如果需要,外壳部件可以焊接到所述环的相对端面。作为选择,将插件放置在连续管道内,并且将该连续管道调节到不同直径。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种尾气净化装置,该装置简单并且对于制造来说节约成本,该装置包括多个需要不同夹持力的尾气净化插件。
所述目的在最初所提出的尾气净化装置类型中实现,其中外壳沿着气流的方向在所述插件两者范围内不分开,并且具有基本上相同的内部尺寸,即横截面尺寸,至少在插件区域是这样。可以在插件之间提供用于传感器的凹口。另外,在每个插件和外壳之间设置弹性平衡构件。平衡构件具有不同的结构,使得他们可以对插件施加不同的夹持力,或向插件传送不同的夹持力。
本发明未采用先前由沿着气流方向串联布置的多个外壳节段形成的外壳,所述先前的外壳由分开的部件制造并且后来再彼此焊接。与其相反,外壳在气流方向上保持不分开,即它包括一开始就连续的一个或多个部件。尽管外壳在插件区域具有基本上相等的内部尺寸,但是通过提供不同的适当调整的平衡构件,从而在插件上施加不同的保持力和夹持力。这些平衡构件就是通常所谓的支撑垫。所用的支撑垫每单位面积重量不同,换句话说,弹性不同,以使在外壳内侧和插件外侧之间的缝隙宽度相同的情况下,对插件可以施加不同的夹持力。作为选择,可以采用不同类型的平衡构件,这样可以提供不同的压力和/或具有不同的弹性/压缩性。外壳的外径在一些实施例的制造过程减小,因此保持柱状,但不需要向更为不稳定的弹性构件锥形渐缩。
如上所述,插件最好为基材,例如由以下材料制成:SiC(通常用于柴油机颗粒过滤器)、堇青石(cordierite)(通常用于柴油机氧化催化剂)或二氧化钛、氧化钒、氧化钨(通常用于SCR催化剂,用来选择性地催化还原氮氧化物)。
根据优选设计,外壳和基材为柱状,特别是圆柱状。
如上所述,基材优选具有不同的基材重量和断裂强度。
为了使生产更容易和更简单,采取的措施是让插件也具有基本上相等的外部横截面尺寸和几何形状,正如适用于外壳内侧的插件区域那样。
进一步优选在插件之间没有任何中间壁或支撑壁,这样可以吸收部分施加在不太稳定的插件上的压力。
根据优选实施例,根据本发明的尾气净化装置与作为外壳的周围包缠式壳体配合。尤其是当外壳以这种方式制造时,一方面,将稳定性不同的插件夹紧到足够的程度,另一方面实现柱状的外部几何形状,是非常困难的。作为选择,根据本发明的尾气净化装置可以设置为具有(例如通过压缩或辊轧)校准到较小外部尺寸的壳体或者管套(shell)壳体,或者由预制管道组成所述外壳,组成所述插件和关联的弹性平衡构件的单元填充在该外壳中。
根据优选实施例,平衡构件沿径向跨接外壳内侧和插件外侧之间的整个缝隙,也即不设置中间部件或类似部件。
附图说明
本发明的其他特征和优点参照以下的描述和附图会更为明显,其中参照附图进行讨论,其中:
图1显示了穿过本发明的车辆尾气净化装置的纵截面图;
图2显示了穿过图1所示的尾气净化装置的示意性截面图,其中外壳为周围包缠式外壳;
图3显示了穿过本发明的尾气净化装置的截面图,包括作为外壳的两个半管套;
图4显示了根据本发明的尾气净化装置,其中填充有插件;
图5显示了用来校准本发明的尾气净化装置的外壳的装置的局部视图。
附图标记列表
8:催化转化器
10:颗粒过滤器
12:支撑垫
14:支撑垫
16:外壳
18:半管套
20:半管套
22:压缩爪
具体实施方式
图1说明了收容在机动车中的尾气净化装置,并且该装置的主要部件是两个串联的细长柱状(优选为圆柱)插件(陶瓷基材),表现为催化转化器8(在这个例子中是柴油机氧化催化剂)和下游颗粒过滤器10(在这个例子中是柴油机颗粒过滤器)。催化转化器8和颗粒过滤器10分别由堇青石(cordierite)和SiC制成,并且具有不同的重量和断裂强度。相对与比较重且坚固的颗粒过滤器10来说,催化转化器8非常轻,并且断裂强度非常低。
在其制造公差范围内,催化转化器8和颗粒过滤器10外径和外横截面相等并且分别被单独的关联弹性平衡构件环绕,所述平衡构件表现为支撑垫12和14的形式,这样使得它们周边封闭。支撑垫12、14分别贴靠催化转化器8和颗粒过滤器10的外侧,并且沿着径向填充整个空间,直到它们所贴靠的共用外壳16的内侧。外壳16沿着气流S的方向不分开,也即从催化转化器8开始延伸并超过颗粒过滤器10,并且如之前已经解释的一样,在该方向没有分开。在两个插件的区域内,外壳16在其制造公差范围内具有相等的内部横截面尺寸和几何形状,在该实例中具有相等的内径。在实施例中,外壳16甚至设置成在其全部长度上都具有相同的内径。
由于插件在重量和断裂强度上存在差异,利用不同的径向夹持力将其夹在外壳16内。这是通过不同的支撑垫12和14来实现的。事实上,支撑垫12比支撑垫14每单位面积的重量较低和/或弹性较高,因此,由于支撑垫12比较容易被压缩,所以由外壳16施加并径向向内作用的力仅以较小的程度施加在催化转化器8上。
关于外壳16如何配置和基材如何夹在外壳16内,存在各种实施例
一种优选实施例是根据图2所示的包缠(wrap)过程。其中,单独一条金属片绕着两个封装体缠绕,所述封装体一方面由催化转化器8和支撑垫12构成,另一方面由颗粒过滤器10和支撑垫14构成,然后通过在边缘焊接使其闭合。除了重叠部分外,外壳所加的压力均由分布在周边上,外壳16具有圆柱形状。当然,在这一方面应该理解,本发明并不局限于插件的圆柱形外侧几何形状,而是也可以设置任何其他所希望的外侧几何形状。圆柱形使用半径D表征。
根据图3所示的实施例中,外壳16包括两个部分重叠的半管套(half-shell)18、20,这两个半管套结合在一起并进行焊接。如图1所示,两个半管套在气流方向S上,在所述插件两者的范围内不分开地延伸,以使同样在这个实施例中,外壳被认为沿着气流S的方向不分开。然而,在周边方向分开。
如图4所示的实施例中,外壳16是闭合的管道,其中一方面催化转化器8连同支撑垫12一起,另一方面颗粒过滤器10和关联的支撑垫14一起,例如从相对的端面填充。在这个例子中,如同上述实施例所述,不同的夹持力施加在不同的插件上。
如图5所示实施例中,管状外壳16通过压缩或辊轧来调节,例如在压缩过程中借助向内移动压缩爪22而使外壳16沿着其整个轴向长度均匀变形,压缩支撑垫12、14,并且在插件上施加加持力。同样,与其他实例一样,插件的外径和外横截面几何形状以及外壳16的内侧尺寸和内横截面几何形状(在插件的区域内)相等。
Claims (17)
1.一种尾气净化装置,包括:
至少两个串联布置在一个共用外壳(16)中的尾气净化插件;和
根据不同的夹持力需求沿环周以不同的夹持力夹紧在所述外壳(16)中,
其特征在于,
所述外壳(16)沿着气流方向(S)在所述两个插件外完整延伸,并且至少在所述插件区域内具有基本上相等的内部尺寸,并且
分别在每个所述插件和所述外壳(16)之间设置一弹性平衡构件;
所述各弹性平衡构件结构不同,使得它们可以在所述插件上施加不同的夹持力。
2.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述至少两个插件是基材。
3.如权利要求2所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述各基材具有不同的基材重量和/或断裂强度。
4.如任何前述权利要求中的任一项所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,其中一个所述插件是颗粒过滤器(10)。
5.如权利要求4所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述颗粒过滤器是柴油颗粒过滤器。
6.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,其中一个所述插件是催化转化器(8)。
7.如权利要求6所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述催化转化器是柴油氧化催化转换器DOC。
8.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述外壳(16)和所述插件为柱状。
9.如权利要求8所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述柱状是圆柱状。
10.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述各弹性平衡构件是压缩性不同的支撑垫(12、14)。
11.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述各弹性平衡构件是单位面积重量不同的支撑垫(12、14)。
12.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述插件具有相等的横截面尺寸和横截面几何形状。
13.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述外壳(16)在所述各插件之间没有配置径向隔壁。
14.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述外壳(16)是包缠式外壳。
15.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述外壳(16)被调节到更小的外部尺寸或者设计为管套壳体。
16.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述插件与其平衡构件通过填塞插入所述外壳(16)中,并且在其中夹紧。
17.如权利要求1所述的尾气净化装置,其特征在于,所述弹性平衡构件在内侧贴靠所述插件上并且在外侧贴靠所述外壳(16)上。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005051261.5 | 2005-10-26 | ||
DE102005051261A DE102005051261A1 (de) | 2005-10-26 | 2005-10-26 | Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung |
PCT/EP2006/008517 WO2007048462A1 (de) | 2005-10-26 | 2006-08-31 | Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung |
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CN101316996A CN101316996A (zh) | 2008-12-03 |
CN101316996B true CN101316996B (zh) | 2010-09-08 |
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CN200680044717XA Active CN101316996B (zh) | 2005-10-26 | 2006-08-31 | 尾气净化装置 |
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EP (1) | EP1948916B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101005528B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101316996B (zh) |
DE (2) | DE102005051261A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2324800T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2007048462A1 (zh) |
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US9624809B2 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2017-04-18 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Monitoring system for a single can oxidation catalyst/particulate filter |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2513886A1 (de) * | 1974-03-27 | 1975-10-09 | Peugeot | Katalysatorreaktor fuer die reinigung der abgase von verbrennungsmotoren |
DE29800038U1 (de) * | 1997-09-30 | 1998-03-19 | Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH, 53797 Lohmar | Wabenkörperanordnung mit Tragabschnitten |
CN2616692Y (zh) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-05-19 | 朱鹏林 | 一种汽车尾气净化装置 |
DE10254036A1 (de) * | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-17 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Mehrbettkatalysator |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1235976B1 (en) * | 1999-12-09 | 2005-03-16 | Eminox Limited | Apparatus for treating a gas stream |
-
2005
- 2005-10-26 DE DE102005051261A patent/DE102005051261A1/de active Pending
-
2006
- 2006-08-31 ES ES06791758T patent/ES2324800T3/es active Active
- 2006-08-31 CN CN200680044717XA patent/CN101316996B/zh active Active
- 2006-08-31 KR KR1020087012531A patent/KR101005528B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-08-31 DE DE502006003292T patent/DE502006003292D1/de active Active
- 2006-08-31 WO PCT/EP2006/008517 patent/WO2007048462A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-08-31 EP EP06791758A patent/EP1948916B1/de not_active Revoked
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2513886A1 (de) * | 1974-03-27 | 1975-10-09 | Peugeot | Katalysatorreaktor fuer die reinigung der abgase von verbrennungsmotoren |
DE29800038U1 (de) * | 1997-09-30 | 1998-03-19 | Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH, 53797 Lohmar | Wabenkörperanordnung mit Tragabschnitten |
DE10254036A1 (de) * | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-17 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Mehrbettkatalysator |
CN2616692Y (zh) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-05-19 | 朱鹏林 | 一种汽车尾气净化装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1948916B1 (de) | 2009-03-25 |
ES2324800T3 (es) | 2009-08-14 |
DE102005051261A1 (de) | 2007-05-03 |
WO2007048462A1 (de) | 2007-05-03 |
KR101005528B1 (ko) | 2011-01-04 |
DE502006003292D1 (de) | 2009-05-07 |
EP1948916A1 (de) | 2008-07-30 |
KR20080063419A (ko) | 2008-07-03 |
CN101316996A (zh) | 2008-12-03 |
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