CN101316322A - Image processing apparatus and image processing method - Google Patents
Image processing apparatus and image processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101316322A CN101316322A CNA200810108631XA CN200810108631A CN101316322A CN 101316322 A CN101316322 A CN 101316322A CN A200810108631X A CNA200810108631X A CN A200810108631XA CN 200810108631 A CN200810108631 A CN 200810108631A CN 101316322 A CN101316322 A CN 101316322A
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Abstract
The present invention provides an image processing apparatus and image processing method. When pixel data of a solid-state image-pickup device is read in various types of methods to pick up images, a correction process for defective pixels is easily performed at a low cost. As defect-correction data in a case in which a still image is shot, data is used, which is acquired when an image-pickup device is shipped from a manufacturing factory. In a case of an operation in a reading mode for a moving image, immediately before a reading operation is performed, charge is accumulated in a state in which the image-pickup device is shielded from light, and image data is read. Addresses of defective pixels to be corrected are detected from the image data, and stored in a RAM as the defect-correction data. When a moving image is shot, a defect-correction process is performed using the data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of defect pixel correction technology that the picture signal that is associated with the defect pixel that has occurred is proofreaied and correct in device for solid photography.
Background technology
In correlation technique, known in the device for solid photography of charge-coupled device (CCD) transducer and complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) (CMOS) transducer etc., the defect pixel of output abnormality picture signal appears in the manufacture process of device for solid photography.Be difficult in the manufacture process of device for solid photography and avoid occurring defect pixel fully.Therefore, in correlation technique, realized using image processing to proofread and correct from the defect pixel correction technology of the picture signal of defect pixel output.
Usually, in correlation technique in the employed defect pixel correction method, use interpolation processing to proofread and correct, in this interpolation processing, use from adjacent with defect pixel and have a signal with the normal pixel output of defect pixel same color from the signal of defect pixel output.In this case, when when factory transports device for solid photography, be judged as defect pixel by dark output under the predetermined condition and exposure output being estimated, will be had the pixel that drops on the outer output valve of predetermined output area.Then, obtain data about the defect pixel type of black picture element and white pixel etc., about the address date (the coordinate X on the horizontal direction of view data and the coordinate Y on the vertical direction) of defect pixel and about the data of the output level of defect pixel, as the defect correction data.
The defect correction storage in read-only memory (ROM) etc., and is installed in this ROM in the image processing equipment of Electrofax etc.This image processing equipment uses the defect correction data to carry out defect correction and handles.
Recently, because the pixel count in the device for solid photography increases, so device for solid photography can be taken very fine rest image.In addition, realized to show/write down rest image but also the Electrofax that can show/write down moving image.When demonstration/record moving image,, need guarantee at least approximately frame per second of 24-30 frame of per second in order to obtain the meticulousr resolving power (resolving power) on the time orientation.
In addition, in order to carry out handling and under the situation of taking moving image, come reading of reads image data to handle the two taking the generation that generates the view data that reads from a large amount of pixels under the situation of rest image with high frame per second, when the taking moving image, the design device for solid photography, thus the pixel count that can reduce output image data made.For example, when with the time at a high speed from all pixel region reads image data of device for solid photography, carry out the following processing of reading, promptly thinization (thinned-out) reads processing: a pixel reads image data in the pixel of the every predetermined quantity on the level of device for solid photography and each direction the vertical direction.As a result, can reduce the pixel count of output image data.
As another method of the pixel count that is used to reduce output image data, the thinization pixel addition of the so-called pixel mixed cell of known use (pixel-combination unit) reads processing (thinned-out pixel-addition reading process).When dredging reads processing simply, reduce sample frequency on the space, thereby cause the increase of noise.Owing to this reason, read in the processing in thinization pixel addition, in device for solid photography, the pixel that does not read is exported and the pixel output addition that will read, with the pixel output after the acquisition addition, and the pixel that reads after the addition is exported.For example, read processing, proposed disclosed method among the TOHKEMY 2002-135793 as thinization pixel addition.
In addition, especially, in CMOS type device for solid photography, can also easily carry out the only part shearing of the pixel reads pixel data from the specific region that is arranged on device for solid photography and read processing.
About the method that is used for the defect pixel of device for solid photography is proofreaied and correct, when the read method that changes from the device for solid photography reads image data, because according to read method, the size of the view data that obtains changes, thereby also needs to change the address date about defect pixel as above-mentioned defect correction data.
Therefore, suppose when reading moving image, also correct defective pixels in an identical manner.As address date about defect pixel, need be from be converted to and be used to read the corresponding address date of image size of the situation of moving image with the big or small corresponding address date of the image that is used for whole pixel read modes.In addition, when with device for solid photography when its factory transports, for the situation that reads moving image, need obtain various types of defect correction data in advance, and with all storage in camera.According to the read method of device for solid photography, need switch the defect correction data that will use in various types of defect correction data.Alternatively, when the assembling camera,, need to extract the defect correction data, and these defect correction data are write camera for the situation that reads moving image.
In addition, there is following problem.For example, switching under the situation of address conversion method, be used for size and employed ROM under the situation of shooting rest image big or small identical of the memory of camera arrangement according to the read method of device for solid photography.Yet the firmware of use camera carries out the address to each read method to be changed again, and the load of conversion process is heavier.Therefore, owing to need many times to carry out conversion process, thereby be difficult to finish conversion process in reality in the short time.
Especially, read the defect correction data of processing in whole pixels that can be used for rest image, in order to support high International Organization for Standardization photosensitivity (speedrating) and time exposure, the information about the defect pixel with low-down grade has been described.The size of data of defect correction data is very big.
On the contrary, about the processing of reading of moving image, even when employed ISO photosensitivity and rest image read that employed ISO photosensitivity is identical in the processing time because defined the maximum exposure time, thereby also needn't consider time exposure based on frame per second.The size of the defect correction data of the moving image that is generated is less than the size of the defect correction data of rest image.Yet, even in the time will generating the defect correction data of the less moving image of size, also need in the defect correction data of the bigger rest image of size, search for the defect pixel that will proofread and correct, the row address of going forward side by side conversion.Owing to this reason, obviously increased and handled load.
Read in dredging pixel addition under the situation of processing, when the pixel that will read all was defect pixel with the neighboring pixel of wanting addition, defect pixel influenced address transition.Therefore, the processing that the carrying out of address transition need be more complicated.
Suppose the defect correction data that to store all types that can in the read method of device for solid photography, use.The defect correction data of moving image big or small less.Yet, need prepare the defect correction data for each read method.More specifically, read when handling when support shearing, need be for each shearing rate, each reads the position and prepare the defect correction data.Therefore, increased the quantity of the data type that will preserve, and in camera arrangement, the size in the zone of the ROM of employed preservation defect correction data is very big.Also increased the load that administrative institute needs.
For example, suppose shear on each direction in level and vertical direction and reads image data 1/5.Even on each direction in level and vertical direction, be restricted to 5 positions in the view data with reading the starting position and reading end position, also can select the individual different positions of reading, 25 (=5 * 5).Because need prepare the defect correction data for each read the position, even thereby in this case, the quantity of the type of defect correction data also is 25.
When generating these data in the manufacture process at camera, need obtain the data of each corresponding read-out method.Therefore, the various factors of cost increase occurred causing, for example, one in the above-mentioned factor is the increase of the testing time in the manufacture process.
Consider above-mentioned situation, when the pixel data that reads device for solid photography with various types of methods with when shooting, expectation is easily handled with the defect correction that low cost is carried out defect pixel.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of image processing equipment and image processing method.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of image processing equipment, comprising: storage medium stores first correction data in advance in described storage medium; Generator circuit is used to use the view data that reads from the described camera head that carries out the electric charge accumulation at camera head under by the state of shading, generates second correction data; First correcting circuit is used for based on described first correction data, proofreaies and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head; Second correcting circuit is used for based on described second correction data, proofreaies and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head; And control circuit, be used for pixel count based on the view data that reads from described camera head, select described first correcting circuit or described second correcting circuit to proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of image processing equipment, comprising: storage medium stores first correction data in advance in described storage medium; Generator circuit is used to use the view data that reads from the described camera head that carries out the electric charge accumulation at camera head under by the state of shading, generates second correction data; First correcting circuit is used for based on described first correction data, proofreaies and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head; Second correcting circuit is used for based on described second correction data, proofreaies and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head; And control circuit, be used for based on the view data that reads from described camera head selecting described first correcting circuit or described second correcting circuit to proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head corresponding to moving image or rest image.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of image processing method is provided, be used to proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of camera head, described image processing method may further comprise the steps: judge the pixel count from the view data that described camera head reads; Select step, be used for pixel count based on the view data that reads from described camera head, the second defect pixel correction step of selecting to use the first defect pixel correction step of first correction data or using second correction data, described first correction data is storage in advance, and described second correction data is to draw according to the view data that reads from the described camera head that carries out the electric charge accumulation at described camera head under by the state of shading; And carry out selected defect pixel correction step, thereby proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of image processing method is provided, be used to proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of camera head, described image processing method may further comprise the steps: judge that the view data that reads from described camera head relates to moving image or rest image; Select step, be used to the second defect pixel correction step selecting to use the first defect pixel correction step of first correction data or use second correction data, described first correction data is stored in advance, and described second correction data is to use the view data that reads from the described camera head that carries out the electric charge accumulation at described camera head under by the state of shading to generate; And carry out selected defect pixel correction step, thereby proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head.
According to below with reference to the explanation of accompanying drawing to exemplary embodiments, further feature of the present invention will become apparent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram of the structure of the image processing equipment (picture pick-up device) according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of summary that the image taking operation of picture pick-up device is shown.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of details that the rest image photographing process of the step S205 shown in Fig. 2 is shown.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that the details that the image taking of the step S305 shown in Fig. 3 handles is shown.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of the defect correction circuit of picture pick-up device.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart that the details that the moving image capture of the step S206 shown in Fig. 2 handles is shown.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of details of processing that the defect correction data of obtaining moving image of the step S601 shown in Fig. 6 are shown.
Fig. 8 is the figure (under the situation of taking rest image) that whole pixels read processing.
Fig. 9 is the figure (under the situation of taking moving image) that thinization reads processing.
Figure 10 is the figure (under the situation of taking moving image) that thinization pixel addition reads processing.
Figure 11 is that the figure (under the electronic zoom pattern) of processing is read in the part shearing.
Figure 12 is the figure (under the electronic zoom pattern) in the part zone of shearing and reading.
Embodiment
Referring now to description of drawings exemplary embodiments of the present invention.Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram as the structure of the picture pick-up device of image processing equipment according to the embodiment of the invention.
Picture pick-up device comprise camera head 101, AFE (analog front end) (analog front end, AFE) 102, digital signal processor (DSP) 103, timing generator circuit 104 and CPU (CPU) 105.
As camera head 101, for example use cmos sensor (device for solid photography).
Cmos sensor comprises can be based on the amplifier circuit (not shown) of ISO photosensitivity handoff gain.Can read the view data that comprises the image of taking by cmos sensor the read mode (second operator scheme) shearing from whole pixel read modes (first operator scheme) of all pixel reads image data, from the thinization read mode (second operator scheme) of thinization pixel reads image data and part, wherein, shear in the read mode in this part, select on each direction in level and vertical direction to read the starting position and read end position, and the pixel reads image data from using these positions to determine.In addition, in thinization read mode, can be in thinization pixel addition read mode reads image data, in this thinization pixel addition read mode, addition, mean deviation output are carried out in the output that is arranged on a plurality of pixels in the cmos sensor.
Fig. 8 illustrates common whole pixels and reads processing.Show the physical configuration of the pixel of camera head 101 in the left side of Fig. 8.Symbol " R " shown in each comfortable corresponding pixel region, " Gr ", " Gb " and " B " expression primary colors Bayer are arranged (primary-colorBayer pattern).When the pixel of sequential scanning camera head 101 in the horizontal and vertical directions, the output that can obtain whole pixels is as time series.Show view data as time series on the right side of Fig. 8.In this case, owing to read whole pixels, thereby the view data that will obtain reasonably has the arrangement with the similar pixel (color) of the physical configuration of pixel.
AFE 102 comprises that the analog signal conversion that will export from camera head 101 becomes modulus (A/D) transducer of digital signal, and has the function of clamping down on dark offset level (darkoffset level).DSP 103 uses various types of treatment for correcting, development treatment and compression to handle to handling from the data of AFE 102 outputs.In addition, DSP 103 conduct interviews read-only memory (ROM) 106 and random access storage device (RAM) 107 etc. various types of memories access process, writing of view data writing recording medium 108 handled and various types of data be presented at demonstration processing on the LCD (LCD) 114 etc.
DSP 103 comprises defect correction circuit 1033 (referring to Fig. 5).In other words, DSP103 has use and proofreaies and correct from the defect pixel correction function of the dateout of defect pixel output from the dateout of other pixel output.In ROM 106, be stored in the defect correction data of using in the rest image screening-mode, when making picture pick-up device or camera head 101, generated (first correction data).
By CPU105 control timing generator circuit 104, so that clock signal and control signal are offered camera head 101, AFE 102 and DSP 103.Timing generator circuit 104 and DSP 103 work together with the various types of read modes corresponding timing signal of generation with cmos sensor.
The camera-enabled of 105 couples of DSP 103 of CPU, timing generator circuit 104 and use photometry control unit (not shown) and range finding control unit (not shown) etc. is controlled.For example, mains switch 109, phase I shutter release SW1 (110), second stage shutter release SW2 (111), pattern dial 112 and ISO photosensitivity are provided with switch 113 and are connected to CPU 105.CPU 105 handles based on being provided with of switch and dial.
As recording medium 108, for example can use the storage card that to preserve the view data that comprises photographic images etc.For example, recording medium 108 is connected to DSP 103 by the connector (not shown).Control mains switch 109 to start picture pick-up device by the user.When phase I shutter release SW1 connects, carry out the photographic images pre-treatment of photometry processing and range finding processing etc.When second stage shutter release SW2 connects, begin a series of camera operation, in these operations, drive speculum (not shown) and shutter (not shown), and will comprise the view data writing recording medium 108 of the image of taking by camera head 101 via AFE 102 and DSP 103.
Then, will be based on the summary of the image taking of the picture pick-up device shown in the flowchart text Fig. 1 shown in Fig. 2 operation.
When mains switch 109 is connected (step S201), CPU 105 judges whether also remain the required electric energy of photographic images in the battery.As a result, when not remaining the required electric energy of photographic images in the battery, the alert message that CPU 105 will illustrate The above results is presented at (step S211) on the LCD 114.Then, CPU 105 turns back to step S201, and waits for till mains switch 109 is connected once more.
When in the battery during the required electric energy of residue photographic images, CPU 105 inspection record media 108 (step S203).More specifically, CPU 105 checks whether the recording medium 108 that can record size be equal to or greater than the data of pre-sizing is installed in picture pick-up device.When not having to install the recording medium 108 of the data that can record size be equal to or greater than pre-sizing in picture pick-up device, the warning message that CPU 105 will illustrate The above results is presented at (step S211) on the LCD 114.Then, CPU 105 turns back to step S201.
When the recording medium 108 of the data that can record size be equal to or greater than pre-sizing was installed in picture pick-up device, CPU 105 judged that use pattern dials 112 set image taking patterns are rest image screening-mode or any one moving image capture pattern (step S204).When being provided with the rest image screening-mode, CPU105 carries out rest image photographing process (step S205).When being provided with any one moving image capture pattern, CPU 105 carries out moving image capture and handles (step S206).
Then, will be based on the details of the rest image photographing process of flowchart text shown in Figure 3 step S205 shown in Figure 2.
In the rest image photographing process, at first, CPU 105 waits for till shutter release SW1 connects (step S301).Then, when shutter release SW1 connects, CPU 105 uses photometry control unit (not shown) and range finding control unit (not shown) respectively, determines that image taking lens is handled and adjusted to the photometry of f-number and shutter speed to focus on the range finding processing (step S302) on the subject.
Then, CPU 105 judges whether shutter release SW2 connects (step S303).As a result, when shutter release SW2 did not connect, CPU 105 judged whether the state that shutter release SW1 connects continues (step S304).
When the state of shutter release SW1 connection continued, CPU 105 turned back to step S303, and judges whether shutter release SW2 connects.On the contrary, when the state of shutter release SW1 connection did not continue, CPU 105 turned back to step S301, and waited for till shutter release SW1 connects once more.
In step S303, when being judged as shutter release SW2 connection, CPU 105 carries out image taking and handles (step S305).Below with the details of key diagram as photographing process.
Then, CPU 105 control DSP 103, thus DSP 103 can carry out development treatment (step S306) that captured view data is developed.Then, CPU105 controls DSP 103, thereby DSP 103 can carry out the image data storage that the view data of passing through development treatment is compressed, also overcompression handled is handled (step S307) in the compression of the clear area of RAM 107.
Then, CPU 105 control DSP 103, thus DSP 103 can read the view data that is stored among the RAM 107, and can carry out the recording processing (step S308) of Imagery Data Recording in recording medium 108.CPU 105 checks that mains switch 109 is to connect or disconnection (step S309).When mains switch 109 was still connected, CPU105 turned back to step S301, and prepared the next image that will take.On the contrary, when mains switch 109 disconnected, CPU 105 turned back to step S201 shown in Figure 2, and waited for till mains switch 109 is connected once more.
Then, the details that will handle based on the image taking of flowchart text shown in Figure 4 step S305 shown in Figure 3.
In image taking is handled, 105 couples of CPU are included in the Amplifier Gain in the camera head 101, the gain that is included in the circuit among the AFE 102 etc. and are provided with, thereby the ISO photosensitivity that is used for the picture pick-up device of photographic images can equal to use the ISO photosensitivity that the set ISO photosensitivity (step S400) of switch 113 is set.
Then, CPU 105 selects defect correction data (step S401).In the present embodiment, the type of the defect pixel that proofread and correct is confined to white defective.The characteristic that the grade that white defective has white defective increased according to the time for exposure (charge accumulation time).In addition, under the situation that two white defectives with same levels are compared, in the time of one in two white defectives of high ISO photosensitivity demonstration that use has been provided with, be than the bigger defective of other white defective in the image with this white defect recognition.Owing to this reason, in the present embodiment, as being used for judging that whether the pixel that is arranged in the camera head 101 is the judgment value of the defect pixel that will proofread and correct, use following judgment value: this judgment value is provided with, so that the ISO photosensitivity is high more, be that aperture time is long more, then the greatest level of the defect pixel that can proofread and correct is just more little.
In other words, in step S401, CPU 105 determines the judgment value of defect pixel based on using the ISO photosensitivity that the ISO photosensitivity of switch 113 settings and the shutter speed of having determined are set in step S302 shown in Figure 3.CPU 105 with judgment value be stored in the grade point of describing in the defect correction data among the ROM 106 and compare.Then, the selection grade is higher than the pixel of judgment value in the defect pixel that CPU 105 only describes from the defect correction data, as the defect pixel that will proofread and correct.The defect correction data load that CPU 105 will be associated with the defect pixel that will proofread and correct is in RAM 107.In this case, the defect correction data only comprise the address information about the defect pixel that will proofread and correct.
Then, CPU 105 moves to position on the speculum (mirror-upposition) (step S402) with speculum.CPU 105 drives aperture based on the photometric data that obtains in the photometry of step S302 shown in Figure 3 is handled, up to till aperture has predetermined f-number.CPU 105 deletions (removing) are from the electric charge (step S404) of camera head 101.Electric charge accumulation (step S405) in the CPU 105 beginning camera heads 101.CPU 105 opens shutter (step S406), and begins camera head 101 expose (step S407).
Then, CPU 105 reads signal (step S414) from camera head 101.In this case, AFE 102 uses with the function of clamping down on dark offset level are clamped down on operation from the output of the black unit of the optics (not shown) of camera head 101.
Then, CPU 105 carries out defect correction processing (step S415) (first treatment for correcting).Using the defect correction circuit 1033 shown in Fig. 5 to carry out defect correction handles.In other words, as shown in Figure 5, DSP 103 comprises defect correction circuit 1033.Defect correction circuit 1033 will from AFE 102 input, replace with from having the data that pixel read the preceding that are right after of same color from the data that each defect pixel read.
To describe defect correction in detail with reference to figure 5 handles.As mentioned above, in step S401, will be only be carried among the RAM 107 about the address information of the defect pixel that under the situation of taking rest image, will proofread and correct.Be included in defect correction circuit 1033 among the DSP 103 based on the address information among the RAM 107, each defect pixel carried out defect correction handle about defect pixel.
For each defect pixel, use synchronizing signal as reference signal, address information is changed and is described as illustrating the timing data of the timing that occurs with the corresponding signal of defect pixel.The timing data that memorizer control circuit 1031 will be described about the address information of defect pixel is sent to address comparator circuit 1032.
Then, handle for the defect correction of preparing next defect pixel, the timing data that memorizer control circuit 1031 will be described immediately about the address information of next defect pixel is sent to address comparator circuit 1032.In an identical manner, carry out defect correction by defect correction circuit 1033 and handle, to proofread and correct the pixel data that reads from defect pixel.
In other treatment circuit 1034 that in DSP 103, comprises, the view data of handling through defect correction is carried out various types of processing, for example the recording processing of the compression processing of the development treatment of the step S306 shown in Fig. 3, step S307 and step S308.
Then, the account for motion image taking is handled.In the present embodiment, when being provided with the moving image capture pattern, the design picture pick-up device, so that the speculum (not shown) is moved to position on the speculum, thereby open shutter, go forward side by side and be about to develop continuously and be presented at monitor operations on the LCD 114 from the view data that camera head 101 reads.As long as shutter release SW2 connects, then design picture pick-up device so that with the motion image data recording occurring continuously in recording medium 108.
In order to make picture pick-up device leave the moving image capture pattern, change the setting of pattern dial 112, or disconnecting power switch 109.In addition, can use other that size, position and the frame per second etc. of the moving image that unit (not shown) setting will write down are set.In the present embodiment, different according to size, position and the frame per second etc. of moving image are designed following moving image capture pattern.
The proper motion image model
The proper motion image model is the only pattern of a pixel reads pixel data in per 5 pixels the camera head 101 of being arranged on level and vertical direction.In other words, as shown in Figure 9, the proper motion image model is to carry out the moving image capture pattern that 1/5 thinization reads processing.In this case, because the pixel count that will read is 1/25, therefore can reduce time for reading significantly.
The high-speed motion image model
In the high-speed motion image model, on horizontal direction, be arranged on only pixel in per 11 pixels the camera head 101 and the only pixel reads pixel data in per 5 pixels on the vertical direction.In addition, in the horizontal direction, the pixel data that will read from each pixel with from all being positioned at the pixel data addition of reading at a distance of pixel 4 locations of pixels and that have same color, to obtain the addition pixel data value with this pixel.The addition pixel data value is averaged,, and export this addition mean pixel data value as pixel data (referring to Figure 10) with acquisition addition mean pixel data value.Because thinization is than high, thereby when the usage space sampling was sampled to signal, signal had aliasing (aliasing) composition.Yet, as pixel data, can remove the aliasing composition of signal by output addition mean pixel data value.In other words, in the high-speed motion image model, carry out the thinization pixel addition shown in Figure 10 and read processing.In this case, because can significantly reduce time for reading, thereby increased the frame number of time per unit.Therefore, the high-speed motion image model is the moving image capture pattern that is suitable for the subject of high-speed motion.
In the present embodiment, read processing in order to carry out above-mentioned thinization pixel addition, camera head 101 comprises the mixed cell of the analog signal of hybrid representation pixel data.Carrying out carrying out following mixed processing: will be before pixel data reads processing from pixel data and the mixing at a distance of the pixel data that pixel 4 pixels and that have same color reads on horizontal direction that each pixel reads with this pixel.By using mixed processing, the pixel data that read has by averaging the mean value that is obtained to the pixel data that reads from each pixel with from the pixel data that surrounding pixel reads.With with read employed method is identical in the processing method in thinization shown in Figure 9 and read and use the pixel data that mixed processing was obtained.Thinization ratio is set, so that reduce to 1/11 from 1/5.
Not only can in the horizontal direction but also using mixed processing to come in the camera head of mixed pixel data in vertical direction, can also use mixed processing to come the mixed pixel data in vertical direction.Therefore, on level and vertical directions, can remove the aliasing composition of the signal that usage space sampling sampled.
The electronic zoom pattern
In the electronic zoom pattern, because only enlarge and shown the specific region of camera head 101, so the electronic zoom pattern is to need not thinization ground only from the pattern of the specific region reads pixel data of camera head 101.In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 12, on level and vertical directions, shear 1/5 of the zone comprise effective pixel count.In other words, in the electronic zoom pattern, optionally read to shear and read processing less than the part in the zone of entire frame.Figure 11 is that the figure of processing is read in the part shearing.
Read processing in order to carry out the part shearing shown in 11, in the present embodiment, can on the level of camera head 101 and each direction in the vertical direction, be provided with and read the starting position and read end position.Based on drive signal, can need not thinization ground and read starting position and all pixel reads pixel data that read the determined zone of end position from being arranged on to use from 104 outputs of timing generator circuit.
In the present embodiment, camera head 101 is CMOS type camera heads.Therefore, can be by the shifting function of the shift register on change level and the vertical direction, easily carry out and above-mentioned reading handle the processing of switching read method between the corresponding various read methods.
Then, the details that will handle based on the moving image capture of flowchart text shown in Figure 6 step S206 shown in Figure 2.
At first, CPU 105 is provided with the Amplifier Gain that is included in the camera head 101, is included in the gain of the circuit among the AFE 102 etc., thereby can use the ISO photosensitivity that switch 113 is set ISO photosensitivity (step S700) the highest in the assignable ISO photosensitivity is set.The gain that has been provided with is the gain that is used for detecting defect pixel, and is set to be higher than the gain that will use when the taking moving image.Utilize this gain, can be with high Precision Detection defect pixel more.
Then, handle in order to carry out defect correction, and do not use the defect correction data that are stored among the ROM 106, CPU 105 forbids the operation (step S701) of the defect correction circuit 1033 that comprises among the DSP 103.Then, the electric charge (step S702) that CPU 105 removes from camera head 101, and the electric charge accumulation (step S703) in the beginning camera head 101.When electric charge was accumulated, the speculum (not shown) did not also move to position on the speculum, and perhaps the shutter (not shown) is not also opened.Therefore, do not have the subject image to enter camera head 101, and only can take dark image.
Then, CPU 105 judges whether to have passed through set charge accumulation time (step S704).When having passed through set charge accumulation time, CPU 105 finishes the electric charge accumulation (step S705) in the camera head 101.Basically, as the charge accumulation time that will be provided with, can use the corresponding time of frame per second with the moving image that will write down or show.For example, have at moving image under the situation of frame speed of per second 30 frames, can be set to about 33ms by charge accumulation time.When being provided with in step S700 under the situation of gain, the charge accumulation time that be provided with for secretly making a video recording can be longer than the charge accumulation time that will use when the taking moving image.In this case, because the output level and the charge accumulation time of white defect pixel become greatly pro rata, thereby can detect white defective, and can detect with higher precision with meticulousr grade.
After this, CPU 105 reads the dark image (step S706) that has obtained in camera head 101.
To read dark image from camera head 101 with the corresponding read method of moving image capture pattern that in step S600 shown in Figure 6, is provided with.In other words, in step S706, can be to obtain dark view data with employed read method is identical when wanting the taking moving image read method.Because defect correction circuit 1033 is not worked, thus dark view data comprise former state, not through the output level of the defect pixel of overcorrect.
Then, CPU 105 generates the defect correction data that are used for the taking moving image based on dark view data.In other words, CPU 105 orders read the dark view data of having obtained at each pixel, and the grade and the preset judgment grade of dark view data compared (step S707).When the output level of dark view data was higher than the judgement grade, the pixel detection that CPU 105 will have this output level was white defect pixel.CPU105 generates the address information about white defect pixel in RAM 107, as defect correction data (step S708).Address information can be described to and the similar timing data of above-mentioned timing data.
In this case, as mentioned above, use is read dark view data with the read method that employed read method is identical when wanting the taking moving image.Therefore, skew (with horizontal blanking interval (horizontalblanking interval) the corresponding time) by will be relative and address addition with synchronizing signal, can be easily will be based on the address transition of the detected defect pixel of dark view data for being used as the address information of the correction data that will offer the defect correction circuit 1033 that is included among the DSP 103.
At last, CPU 105 enables the operation of defect correction circuit 1033, thereby can realize using the defect correction of the defect correction data that generated in step S708 to handle (step S709).
Then, the flow chart that turns back to moving image capture processing shown in Figure 6 is described.When finishing the processing of obtaining the defect correction data that are used for moving image in step S601, CPU 105 carries out operation (step S602) that the speculum (not shown) is moved to the operation of position on the speculum and opens the shutter (not shown).By carrying out these operations, the subject image can enter camera head 101 all the time.
Then, CPU 105 judges whether shutter release SW2 connects (step S603).When shutter release SW2 connected, CPU 105 began the recording processing of motion image data writing recording medium 108 (step S605).On the contrary, when shutter release SW2 disconnected, if current recording processing of carrying out motion image data writing recording medium 108, then CPU 105 stopped recording processing (step S604).In other words, when shutter release SW2 connected, CPU 105 continued the recording processing of record motion image data.When shutter release SW2 disconnects, stop to write down the recording processing of motion image data.In order to guarantee safety,, when the residual capacity of having passed through the scheduled time or recording medium 108 diminishes, also can stop recording processing even shutter release SW2 does not disconnect.
After the processing of the processing of having carried out step S604 or step S605, the CPU105 adjustment that exposes, so that repeat data are presented at the monitor operations of the operation on the monitor, that is, view data is presented at operation (step S606) on the LCD 114.In exposure is adjusted, according to comprising that the view data of image that is right after the preceding of having taken judges exposure value, and the aperture of image taking lens is set and is included in the gain of the circuit among the AFE 102, thereby can obtain suitable exposure value.Yet, when taking first moving image, do not exist to be right after data the preceding.Therefore, the aperture for image taking lens is provided with initial value with the gain that is included in the circuit among the AFE 102.
Then, CPU 105 carries out image taking processing (step S607).When the taking moving image, camera head 101 repeats the one group of operation that comprises that electric charge is removed processing, electric charge accumulation and read processing based on the drive signal from 104 outputs of timing generator circuit.In addition, be provided with and with the corresponding moving image capture pattern of the read method of size that is suitable for moving image and position in drive camera head 101, and repeat read operation with predetermined frame per second.
Then, CPU 105 control DSP 103, thereby the defect correction circuit 1033 that is included among the DSP 103 can use the defect correction data of having obtained (address information) in step S601, the defect correction that is used for defect pixel is handled, to proofread and correct the motion image data (step S608) (second treatment for correcting) that reads in image taking is handled.Except handle at the defect correction that is used for moving image employed defect correction data and the defect correction that is being used for rest image handle employed defect correction data different, the defect correction processing is the processing identical with the processing that is used for rest image.
Then, CPU 105 control DSP 103, thereby the compression processing (step S610) that DSP 103 can carry out development treatment (step S609) and be used for data are presented at the operation on the monitor.As display operation, the result that CPU 105 will handle is presented at (step S611) on the LCD 114.Can carry out monitor operations by repeating display operation with the required frame per second of display result.
Then, when mains switch 109 disconnects (step S612), CPU 105 carries out moving image termination (step S614), and turns back to step S201 shown in Figure 2.On the contrary, when mains switch 109 is still connected (step S612), the setting (step S613) of CPU 105 checking mode dials 112.When pattern dial 112 was set to still be in the moving image capture pattern, CPU 105 turned back to step S603.On the contrary, the setting of pattern dial 112 is switched to the rest image screening-mode, CPU 105 carries out moving image termination (step S615), turns back to step S204 shown in Figure 2 then.
In the moving image termination of step S614 and step S615, when carrying out recording processing, stop recording processing current.In addition, stop to drive the operation of camera head 101, and stop to read processing by what DSP 103 carried out.In addition, close the shutter (not shown), and the speculum (not shown) is moved to the speculum upper/lower positions.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment,, use the data of when the manufacturing works from camera head 101 transport camera head 101, obtaining as the defect correction data that are used to take rest image.On the contrary, when operating in the read mode of picture pick-up device at moving image, be right after and in read mode, carry out before the read operation, under to the state of camera head 101 shadings, carry out the electric charge accumulation and read processing, to obtain view data.Use the view data that is obtained to detect the address of the defect pixel that will proofread and correct, and will be stored in about the address information of address among the RAM 107, as the defect correction data.When the taking moving image, use these defect correction data among the RAM 107 to carry out the defect correction processing.
In this case, the defect correction data that be stored among the ROM 106 only are as the defect correction data that are used for rest image in the correlation technique.Therefore, do not need to increase the memory size of ROM 106.Under the situation of taking moving image, before the taking moving image, take dark image, and in each read method, detect defect pixel.Therefore, not needing to carry out the address transition changed as the address to defect pixel that complex arithmetic is handled handles.
In addition, when operational testing is carried out in the shipment of camera head 101, only need to obtain with the corresponding condition of rest image under the defect correction data.Do not need to obtain and every kind of corresponding a large amount of defect correction data that are used for various types of read operations of moving image.Therefore, can reduce the testing time of the operational testing of camera head 101, and not need to manage a large amount of defect correction data.
In addition, in the manufacture process of camera, do not need to obtain and the corresponding defect correction data of every kind in employed various types of read operations in the moving image capture pattern.Therefore, can reduce the testing time of the operational testing of camera, and not need to manage a large amount of defect correction data.
In addition, in camera arrangement, do not need with employed various types of read operations in the moving image capture pattern in every kind of corresponding defect correction data be kept in flash memory etc.Can suppress the increase of memory size.
In camera arrangement, do not need according to the live load that is used for defect correction data transaction defect correction data of every kind of employed various types of read operations under the moving image capture pattern of rest image.Because load is light when starting, therefore can carry out high-speed starting.
Do not need to become hardware with high speed operation so that to carry out conversion operations at a high speed hardware designs.Therefore, can avoid the increase of cost.
And, in camera arrangement,, carry out defect pixel and detect processing at every kind in the various types of read operations under the employed moving image capture pattern under the situation of taking moving image.Yet, can obtain to be used for the defect correction data computing processing of moving image with identical method, and not rely on each read method.Therefore, even have at camera arrangement under the situation of a large amount of read methods, also can suppress the increase of the load of the firmware development that causes about interpolation owing to the defect pixel measuring ability.
The present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, and can carry out various modifications.For example, in the above-described embodiments, the read method that is used for moving image obtain dark image and in step S601, generate be used for the defect correction data of moving image after, carry out monitor operations and recording operation as mentioned above.Alternatively, handle, then can when step S601, carry out obtaining dark treatment of picture, and can generate the generation processing of the defect correction data that are used for moving image after a while at the read method that is used for moving image if DSP 103 can handle these.
In other words, be used in generation before the defect correction data of moving image, CPU105 can enter monitor operations and recording operation immediately.Generate the defect correction data that are used for moving image in the time of can carrying out monitor operations and recording operation at the same time.In this case, can reduce and using pattern dial 112 that the operation of pattern is set and showing time lag (time lag) between the moving image.
Alternatively, after the generation that begins to generate the defect correction data that are used for moving image is handled, can carry out speculum is moved to the mechanically actuated operation of the operation of position on the speculum or shutter operation etc.When the defect correction data of carrying out the mechanically operated while, can generate being used for moving image.
In addition, defect correction circuit 1033 utilizes the output that defect pixel is replaced in the output of pixel the preceding that is right after with same color.Yet, can come correct defective pixels with the bearing calibration that is different from said method.
The defect correction data, that is, the information that is used to specify defect pixel is not limited to above-mentioned timing data.Can use the address information of X and Y coordinates value etc. of the physical location of expression defect pixel.
In addition, under the situation of taking rest image, the dark image that in camera head 101, has obtained can be read, and the grade point of dark current can be judged according to this dark image.The grade point that can deduct dark current by the view data that the defect correction from carry out step S415 is handled obtains view data.
The application target of the dark view data that under the situation of taking rest image, generates and method is different from the above-mentioned dark view data that generates under the situation of taking moving image application target and method.As mentioned above, the pixel detection that is used for having the grade point that is higher than judgment value at the dark view data that situation generated of taking moving image is white defect pixel.On the contrary, be used for deducting each pixel data that is included in the dark view data, thereby remove dark current from the corresponding pixel data of handling through defect correction at the dark view data that situation generated of taking rest image.
In addition, in the above-described embodiments, as the example of the view data that will handle through the defect correction that uses dark view data to carry out, illustrated through thinization read processings, thinization pixel addition read processing and partly shearing read the motion image data of processing.Yet view data is not limited to motion image data.When through using when being kept at Still image data that defect correction that the defect correction data among the ROM 106 are carried out handles and comprising specific pixel and count, can provide any view data that comprises the pixel count that is different from specific quantity, as the view data that will handle through the defect correction that uses dark view data to carry out.For example, can to will through thinization read processings, thinization pixel addition read processing and partly shearing read the defect correction processing that the Still image data of processing uses dark view data to carry out.
In another embodiment, provide a kind of storage medium that stores the software that to realize the foregoing description function.In other words, this storage medium is set in system or equipment, and the computer of system or equipment (or CPU, microprocessor unit (MPU) etc.) reads and carries out the program code that is stored in this storage medium.
In this case, the function that from program code itself realization the foregoing description that this storage medium reads, illustrates.Therefore, the storage medium of program code and this program code of storage can be provided according to embodiments of the invention.
Can provide the example of the storage medium of program code to comprise floppy disk, hard disk and magneto optical disk.Alternatively, can use compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), can write down compact disk (CD-R) but rewriteable compact disc (CD-RW), digital universal disc read-only memory (DVD-ROM), digital general disc and RAM (DVD-RAM), CD, tape, Nonvolatile memory card and the ROM etc. that can rewrite digital universal disc (DVD-RW) and can rewrite digital universal disc (DVD+RW) etc.Can be by this program code of network download.
The invention is not restricted to that computer reads and the executive program code with the embodiment of the function that realizes illustrating in the foregoing description.In another embodiment, for example, based on the instruction of program code, the operating system of moving in computer (OS) etc. can partly or entirely be handled, with the function that realizes illustrating in the foregoing description.
In addition, in another embodiment, from the storage medium program code read, then it is write in the memory that is installed on the feature expansion plate that inserts computer or write in the memory that is included in the feature expansion unit that is connected with computer, thereby can realize the function that illustrates in the foregoing description.In this case, after writing this program code,, be installed on the feature expansion plate or be included in CPU in the feature expansion unit etc. and can partly or entirely handle, with the function that realizes illustrating in the foregoing description based on the instruction of program code.
Although the present invention has been described, should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to disclosed exemplary embodiments with reference to exemplary embodiments.The scope of appended claims meets the wideest explanation, to comprise all modifications and equivalent structure and function.
Claims (12)
1. image processing equipment comprises:
Storage medium stores first correction data in advance in described storage medium;
Generator circuit is used to use the view data that reads from the described camera head that carries out the electric charge accumulation at camera head under by the state of shading, generates second correction data;
First correcting circuit is used for based on described first correction data, proofreaies and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head;
Second correcting circuit is used for based on described second correction data, proofreaies and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head; And
Control circuit is used for the pixel count based on the view data that reads from described camera head, selects described first correcting circuit or described second correcting circuit to proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head.
2. image processing equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described first correction data comprises the data that illustrate about the position of the described defect pixel of the view data that comprises first pixel count, and
Wherein, when the pixel count the view data that reads from described camera head equals described first pixel count, described control circuit is selected described first correcting circuit, when the pixel count the view data that reads from described camera head during less than described first pixel count, described control circuit is selected described second correcting circuit.
3. image processing equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described control circuit is selected described second correcting circuit, as the correcting circuit that is used for proofreading and correct from described thinization of camera head and the view data that reads.
4. image processing equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described control circuit is selected described second correcting circuit, as the correcting circuit that is used for the view data of partly shearing and reading from described camera head is proofreaied and correct.
5. image processing equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described generator circuit is used for using the view data that comprises the pixel count identical with the pixel count of the view data that will be proofreaied and correct by described second correcting circuit, generates described second correction data.
6. image processing equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described second correction data comprises the information that the locations of pixels with the output level that is higher than the preset judgment value is shown, and described output level is shown in the view data that reads from the described camera head that carries out the electric charge accumulation at described camera head under by the state of shading.
7. image processing equipment comprises:
Storage medium stores first correction data in advance in described storage medium;
Generator circuit is used to use the view data that reads from the described camera head that carries out the electric charge accumulation at camera head under by the state of shading, generates second correction data;
First correcting circuit is used for based on described first correction data, proofreaies and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head;
Second correcting circuit is used for based on described second correction data, proofreaies and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head; And
Control circuit, be used for based on the view data that reads from described camera head selecting described first correcting circuit or described second correcting circuit to proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head corresponding to moving image or rest image.
8. image processing equipment according to claim 7 is characterized in that,
Described first correction data comprises the data that illustrate about the position of the described defect pixel of the view data that comprises rest image, and
Wherein, when the view data that reads from described camera head comprises rest image, described control circuit is selected described first correcting circuit, and when the view data that reads from described camera head comprised moving image, described control circuit was selected described second correcting circuit.
9. an image processing method is used to proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of camera head, and described image processing method may further comprise the steps:
The pixel count of judgement from the view data that described camera head reads;
Select step, be used for pixel count based on the view data that reads from described camera head, the second defect pixel correction step of selecting to use the first defect pixel correction step of first correction data or using second correction data, described first correction data is storage in advance, and described second correction data is to draw according to the view data that reads from the described camera head that carries out the electric charge accumulation at described camera head under by the state of shading; And
Carry out selected defect pixel correction step, thereby proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head.
10. image processing method according to claim 9 is characterized in that,
Described first correction data comprises the data that illustrate about the position of the described defect pixel of the view data that comprises first pixel count, and
Wherein, in described selection step, when the pixel count the view data that reads from described camera head equals described first pixel count, use described first correction data, when the pixel count the view data that reads from described camera head during, use described second correction data less than described first pixel count.
11. an image processing method is used to proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of camera head, described image processing method may further comprise the steps:
The view data that judgement is read from described camera head relates to moving image or rest image;
Select step, be used to the second defect pixel correction step selecting to use the first defect pixel correction step of first correction data or use second correction data, described first correction data is stored in advance, and described second correction data is to use the view data that reads from the described camera head that carries out the electric charge accumulation at described camera head under by the state of shading to generate; And
Carry out selected defect pixel correction step, thereby proofread and correct the view data that is associated with the defect pixel of described camera head.
12. image processing method according to claim 11 is characterized in that,
Described first correction data comprises the data that illustrate about the position of the described defect pixel of the view data that comprises rest image, and
Wherein, in described selection step,, then select described first correction data,, then select described second correction data if the view data that reads from described camera head relates to moving image if the view data that reads from described camera head relates to rest image.
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| JP2008-104750 | 2008-04-14 | ||
| JP2008104750A JP5300306B2 (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2008-04-14 | Image processing apparatus, control method thereof, and program |
| JP2008104750 | 2008-04-14 |
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| JP5871496B2 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2016-03-01 | キヤノン株式会社 | Imaging apparatus and driving method thereof |
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2008
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| CN111312165A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 夏普株式会社 | Display control device and image display method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2009010930A (en) | 2009-01-15 |
| JP5300306B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
| CN101316322B (en) | 2011-06-15 |
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