CN101315320B - Compression shear test device - Google Patents
Compression shear test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101315320B CN101315320B CN2008100481608A CN200810048160A CN101315320B CN 101315320 B CN101315320 B CN 101315320B CN 2008100481608 A CN2008100481608 A CN 2008100481608A CN 200810048160 A CN200810048160 A CN 200810048160A CN 101315320 B CN101315320 B CN 101315320B
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- cushion block
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compression-shear testing device, which comprises a clamping plate, a cylindrical cushion block, an angle-varied plate, a right angle base plate, a roller, a roller frame, a bolt and a nut. The device is characterized in that the angle-varied plate has an arc-shaped edge; the dimensions of the arc-shaped borderline of the angle-varied plate are matched with the dimensions of the arc-shaped borderline of the clamping plate; the edge part of the angle-varied plate, which is provided with annular holes, is inserted into a groove of the clamping plate; the cylindrical cushion block, the bolt and the nut fix the angle-varied plate on the clamping plate; the right angle base plate on the inner side of the angle-varied plate is in direct contact with a rock sample; the roller is arranged on the roller frame; the roller is in the shape of a cylindrical bar; and the diameter of the middle part of the bar is larger than that of the two ends thereof. The device can flexibly adjust the angle of a shearing surface of a sample. Furthermore, the device has the advantages of good autostability, good wholeness and high durability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rock mechanics experiment technical field; More specifically relate to a kind of intraventricular pressure shear test device of measuring the disconnected intensity of shear of rock; Utilize pressure testing machine to apply vertical load; Shearing inclination through modifier obtains the square sillar when destroying different normal stress and shear stress combination, thus draw out strength envelope, obtain corresponding rock strength parameter.
Background technology
The shop experiment method commonly used of measuring the disconnected intensity of shear of rock has: direct shear test, angle shear test and triaxial compression test.The angle shear test is a kind of pressure scissor test, and it is wherein the simplest a kind of method, has advantages such as equipment is simple, easy and simple to handle, expense is low.The angle shear test utilizes pressure testing machine to apply vertical load; Through special anchor clamps the sillar sample is cut off along a shear surface; Normal stress in the time of can obtaining a series of sillar shear failure through the angle of inclination that changes shear surface makes up with shear stress; Draw the relation curve (being strength envelope) between these two kinds of stress, can be in the hope of mechanics parameters such as the angle of internal friction of rock and cohesion.
" highway engineering building stones testing regulations " (JTJ054-94), " rock mass mechanics " (publishing house of Tongji University of Shen Mingrong chief editor; 1999) and " rock mechanics " (publishing house of University Of Chongqing of chief editor such as Wu Delun; 2002) recommended similar angle plate wedge shape boxshear apparatus; This type of boxshear apparatus comes adjusting angle through the backing plate of changing different angles, exists angle can not regulate, install the shortcoming of globality difference continuously." rock mechanics and engineering " (Science Press of Cai Meifeng chief editor; 2002) also provided a kind of angle mould compression shear test device; The adjusting of this design factors is to realize through the clapboard of changing different angles, also has continuously adjusting angle, installs the shortcoming of globality difference, and the center that can cause sample and anchor clamps simultaneously changes with the change of angle; Cause device deviation of gravity center center line, cause device to topple over easily.Li Zhi is firm, " engineering geology outline " (publishing house of China University of Geosciences of Yang Yuyun chief editor; 1994) provided a kind of angle board clamp; Tentatively solved angle and can not regulate the problem with deviation of gravity center continuously, but exist how to make the angle plate in experimentation, keeps respective angles constant, increase the stable subject matter of anchor clamps.(laboratory study and exploration such as Zhu Dinghua; The 20th the 1st phase of volume; 2001) developed a kind of angle boxshear apparatus that changes shearing inclination through the various combination that changes semi arch; Though obtained good test effect through checking, exist the shortcoming of instrument key position easy abrasion, can cause the device shortening in serviceable life.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the main deficiency that present angle shearing test device exists; The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of rock compression shear test device, this device not only can be regulated the angle of sample shear surface very neatly, and good self-stable ability is arranged; Good integrity is durable in use.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
This compression shear test device comprises clamping plate, cylindrical cushion block, angle plate, right angle backing plate, roller bearing, roller bearing frame, bolt, nut; It is characterized in that: cylindrical cushion block is through bolt, the fastening angle plate of nut and be fixed on the clamping plate; Right angle backing plate in the inboard of angle plate directly contacts with rock sample, on the roller bearing frame, roller bearing is housed, angle plate thick middle thin edge; The angle plate is a radiused edges; And the size on the size on its arc border and clamping plate arc border is complementary, and the groove of clamping plate is filled in the marginal portion that the angle plate has an annular hole, at the auxiliary angle plate that clamps down of cylindrical cushion block, bolt and nut.This device has adopted a kind of right angle backing plate that can change easily directly to contact with rock sample.The shape of single roller bearing is a columniform bar, and the diameter of center section is greater than two ends.The both sides, front and back of roller bearing frame have the equally spaced circular hole of row's somewhat larger in diameter outstanding small column diameter in the roller bearing two ends, and the edge of roller bearing frame bottom is higher than the minimum point of roller bearing.
For the shear surface that makes the square rock sample can transform to arbitrarily angled; And center of gravity does not depart from the center line of whole device after the translation-angle; The groove at the annular recess at the edge of angle plate, clamping plate middle part and edge thereof has all adopted the design of circular arc among the present invention; And whole device is that the vertical plane about place, the center of rock sample is the planar central symmetry, and the center of circle on all circular arc borders all is the center of rock sample in the device.
For angle plate in the warranty test pressure process can not rotate; The present invention has adopted the angle plate of a kind of thick middle, thin edge; And in the marginal portion of angle plate the open loop-shaped hole, cylindrical cushion block, bolt and nut auxiliary down, the angle plate is clamped on the clamping plate that have groove.
In order to increase the scope of application of the present invention and to increase its serviceable life, the present invention has adopted a kind of right angle backing plate.The concrete effect of this right angle backing plate has two: the one, and the right angle backing plate of changing different-thickness goes for the test of the square rock sample of the different length of sides; Increase thickness and can do the test of reduced size sample, reduce the test that thickness can be made the sample of large-size; The 2nd, avoid the direct contact wear of rock sample and angle plate, after right angle backing plate serious wear, only need to change corresponding cushion block, help extension fixture serviceable life, reduce cost, and can improve test accuracy effectively.
In order to reduce the level friction of device along sample detrusion direction to greatest extent, the present invention has adopted a kind of special roller bearing bindiny mechanism.The shape of single roller bearing is a columniform bar, and the diameter of center section is greater than two ends, and the outstanding small column in two ends plays the effect of location roller bearing.The both sides, front and back of roller bearing frame have row's somewhat larger in diameter in the equally spaced circular hole of outstanding small column, freely roll independently to guarantee that roller bearing can be posted on the lower platen of testing machine.The edge of roller bearing frame bottom is higher than the minimum point of roller bearing, avoids taking place the friction of roller bearing frame and testing machine lower platen.
Major advantage of the present invention has:
1) realized the continuous adjusting of sample shear surface angle;
2) good integrity, simple in structure.Need not process the razor-edge liner of multiple angles;
3) good self-stability is arranged.Whole device center of gravity can disalignment after angle changed;
4) applied widely.Go for the square sample of the different length of sides;
5) whole service life is long.The parts that right angle backing plate, bolt, nut etc. are easy to damage can be changed easily;
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of three-dimensional of compression shear test device splits synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a kind of three-dimensional assembling synoptic diagram of compression shear test device.
Fig. 3 is a kind of plan front view of compression shear test device.
The name that label is corresponding among the figure is called:
1-clamping plate, 2-bolt, 3-bolt, the cylindrical cushion block of 4-, the cylindrical cushion block of 5-, 6-angle plate, 7-right angle backing plate, 8-rock sample, 9-right angle backing plate, 10-angle plate, 11-clamping plate, the cylindrical cushion block of 12-, the cylindrical cushion block of 13-, 14-bolt, 15-bolt, 16-roller bearing, 17-roller bearing frame, 18-nut, 19-nut, 20-nut, 21-nut.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further to set forth in detail:
Can know according to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3; This device comprises clamping plate 1,11, cylindrical cushion block 4,5,12,13, angle plate 6,10, right angle backing plate 7,9, roller bearing 16, roller bearing frame 17, bolt 2,3,14,15, nut 18,19,20,21, and the rock sample 8 that is positioned at the device middle part is objective for implementation of the present invention.
The characteristic and the effect thereof of each parts at first are described according to Fig. 1:
First clamping plate, 1 front and back, two STHs, the position in hole should be complementary with the annular hole at the first angle plate, 6 edges, and principle is not influence the first angle plate 6 to turn to enough angles.The diameter of front-side holes and first, second cylindrical cushion block 4,5 are complementary, and the diameter of back side opening and first, second bolt 2,3 are complementary.The middle part open loop-shaped groove of first clamping plate 1, the thickness of the width of groove and the first angle plate, 6 edge outshots is complementary, and purpose is the annular groove that the assurance first angle plate 6 can be filled in first clamping plate 1 smoothly; The degree of depth of groove should be greater than the diametric width in edge, marginal portion of the first angle plate 6; Purpose is to guarantee that the first angle plate, 6 middle parts can contact with the curved edge face of 1 liang of side bottom of first clamping plate than the curved edge face of thickness portion well, to increase the stability and the test accuracy of device.
There is perforate both sides, second clamping plate, 11 front and back, and the position in hole should be complementary with the annular hole at the second angle plate, 10 edges, and principle is not influence the second angle plate 10 to turn to enough angles.The diameter of front-side holes and the 3rd, the 4th cylindrical cushion block 12,13 are complementary, and the diameter of back side opening and the 3rd, the 4th bolt 14,15 are complementary.The middle part open loop-shaped groove of second clamping plate 11, the thickness of the width of groove and the second angle plate, 10 edge outshots is complementary, and purpose is the annular groove that the assurance second angle plate 10 can be filled in second clamping plate 11 smoothly; The degree of depth of groove should be greater than the diametric width in edge, marginal portion of the second angle plate 10; Purpose is to guarantee that the second angle plate, 10 middle parts can contact with the curved edge face of 11 liang of side bottoms of second clamping plate than the curved edge face of thickness portion well, to increase the stability and the test accuracy of device.
Right angle backing plate 7,9 can be changed in this device; Its effect has two: the one, and first, second right angle backing plate 7,9 of changing different-thickness goes for the test of the square rock sample 8 of the different length of sides; Increase thickness and can do the test of reduced size sample, reduce the test that thickness can be made the sample of large-size; The 2nd, avoid the direct contact wear of rock sample 8 and first, second angle plate 6,10; After first, second right angle backing plate 7,9 serious wear, only need to change corresponding cushion block; Its effect be extension fixture serviceable life, reduce cost, and can effectively improve test accuracy.
The shape of single roller bearing 16 is columniform bars, and the diameter of center section is greater than two ends, and the outstanding small column in two ends plays the effect of location roller bearing 16.The both sides, front and back of roller bearing frame 17 have row's somewhat larger in diameter in the equally spaced circular hole of outstanding small column, freely roll independently to guarantee that roller bearing 16 can be posted on the lower platen of testing machine.Should guarantee simultaneously roller bearing 16 assemble after the edge of roller bearing frame 17 bottoms be higher than the minimum point (as shown in Figure 3) of roller bearing 16, to avoid the direct friction of roller bearing frame 17 and testing machine lower platen.The purpose of taking these measures is to reduce the level friction of device along the detrusion direction to greatest extent, increases test accuracy.
The connected mode and the effect thereof of each parts are described according to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 below:
The structure (refer to clamping plate 1,11, cylindrical cushion block 4,5,12,13, angle plate 6,10, right angle backing plate 7,9) of roller bearing more than 16 is the planar central symmetry about the perpendicular at the place, center of rock sample 8; The center of circle on all circular arc borders all is the center of rock sample 8 in the device; Its effect is that the center of gravity that guarantees first, second angle plate 6,10 whole device after the different angle of adjustment can not depart from center line, and the angle of sample shear surface can be regulated continuously.
The first angle plate 6 is filled in first clamping plate 1; First, second cylindrical cushion block 4,5 is filled in two holes of first clamping plate, 1 front side respectively; First, second bolt 2,3 is filled in first, second cylindrical cushion block 4,5 respectively; Pass the annular hole and first clamping plate 1 at the edge of the first angle plate 6 then, first, second nut 18,19 of screwing on respectively at last.The effect of first, second bolt 2,3, first, second cylindrical cushion block 4,5 and first, second nut 18,19 is: clamp the first angle plate 1 to guarantee that the first angle plate 6 can not rotate in test pressure process.
The second angle plate 10 is filled in second clamping plate 11; The the 3rd, the 4th cylindrical cushion block 12,13 is filled in two holes of second clamping plate, 11 front sides respectively; The the 3rd, the 4th bolt 20,21 is filled in the 3rd, the 4th cylindrical cushion block 12,13 respectively; Pass the annular hole and second clamping plate 11 at the edge of the second angle plate 10 then, the 3rd, the 4th nut 20,21 of screwing on respectively at last.Three, the effect of the 4th bolt the 14,15, the 3rd, the 4th cylindrical cushion block 12,13 and the 3rd, the 4th nut 20,21 is: clamp the second angle plate 11 to guarantee that the second angle plate 10 can not rotate in test pressure process.
The first right angle backing plate 7 is posted on the downside of first clamping plate 6, and the second right angle backing plate 9 is posted on the upside of second clamping plate 11.The inboard of these two backing plates contacts with rock sample 8, is the person that directly do not apply of the suffered load of sample.
Second clamping plate 11 contact with roller bearing 16, and the effect of roller bearing 16 is to eliminate the horizontal restraint that installs in the process of the test along sample detrusion direction, makes rock sample 8 that the detrusion along shear surface can freely take place.
A typical process of the test is following:
1) adjustment shear surface angle: the scale mark (each scale is represented 5 degree in the accompanying drawing) that auxiliary adjustment angle plate angle is carved with on the surface of device, arrive angle roughly with reference to these scale marks with the angle coarse adjustment of first, second angle plate 6,10.Then the square standard sample is put into the position (as shown in Figure 2) of rock sample 8; Use amount hornwork and L-square carry out the fine adjustment of shear surface angle, tighten first, second, third, fourth all nuts 18,19,20,21 then and can not rotate in process of the test to guarantee first, second angle plate 6,10.
2) lay sample: the square standard sample in the step 1 is replaced with the rock sample 8 that will make an experiment.Protect with plank or other sheet material around will installing, destroy suddenly to avoid test specimen, device skids off.Can the device superstructure be bundled on the top board of pressing machine in case of necessity.
3) load application: start pressure testing machine and load,, note failing load up to the destruction that rock sample 8 takes place along shear surface.
4) revision test: according to the test design requirement, repeating step 2-3 carries out the test of some rock samples with this angle.
5) translation-angle: the shearing inclination of first, second angle plate 6,10 of conversion, repeating step 1-4 make an experiment, obtain the sample failing load under the different angles.
6) arrangement test figure.
Claims (1)
1. compression shear test device; It comprises clamping plate (1,11), angle plate (6,10), right angle cushion block (7,9), roller bearing (16), roller bearing frame (17); It is characterized in that: first, second angle plate (6,10) is radiused edges; The size on the size on arc border and first, second clamping plate (1,11) arc border is complementary; The marginal portion that first, second angle plate (6,10) has an annular hole is filled in the groove of first, second clamping plate (1,11) respectively; First, second, third, fourth cylindrical cushion block (4,5,12,13), first, second, third, fourth bolt (2,3,14,15) and first, second, third, fourth nut (18,19,20,21) are fixed on first, second angle plate (6,10) on first, second clamping plate (1,11); Directly contact with rock sample (8) at first, second right angle backing plate of the inboard of first, second angle plate (6,10) (7,9); Roller bearing (16) is housed on the roller bearing frame (17), and roller bearing (16) and roller bearing frame (17) are installed in bottom of device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100481608A CN101315320B (en) | 2008-06-24 | 2008-06-24 | Compression shear test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100481608A CN101315320B (en) | 2008-06-24 | 2008-06-24 | Compression shear test device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101315320A CN101315320A (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| CN101315320B true CN101315320B (en) | 2012-03-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100481608A Expired - Fee Related CN101315320B (en) | 2008-06-24 | 2008-06-24 | Compression shear test device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101315320B (en) |
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2008
- 2008-06-24 CN CN2008100481608A patent/CN101315320B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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