CN102809508A - Load positioning device for structural test - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a structure test load positioning device, which is composed of a positioning block, a bottom plate, a stop block, an anti-overturning screw rod, an adjusting screw rod and a locking nut. The device is connected and fixed with the steel member or the steel embedded part of the concrete member through the bottom plate. The positioning block is connected to the jack, placed in the area surrounded by the block on the surface of the bottom plate, and the longitudinal and lateral movement can be realized by rotating the adjusting screw. After the anti-overturning screw passes through the slot on the transverse block, it is anchored into the threaded hole on the side of the positioning block to prevent the positioning block from detaching from the bottom plate, making the positioning device not only suitable for vertical loading conditions, but also for Horizontal loading case. The upper surface of the bottom plate is marked with scale lines to improve the adjustment speed and accuracy. The number of longitudinal adjustment screws increases or decreases according to the displacement adjustment range. The principle of the whole device is clear, the manufacture is simple, the use is convenient, the load positioning accuracy is high, and it can be applied to civil engineering teaching and scientific research experiments.

Description

A load positioning device for structural testing

technical field

The invention relates to a teaching and scientific research test device for the specialty of civil engineering, in particular to a structure test load positioning device.

Background technique

In the field of structural testing in civil engineering, specimen compression is a common loading condition. The most common method is the axial compression loading method. In addition, depending on the purpose of the test, there may also be eccentric compression loading requirements. Load positioning accuracy is often an important factor affecting the accuracy of test results. Taking axial compression loading as an example, the position of the connecting parts (such as bolts) is generally designed in advance so that the center of the jack base (such as ball hinge, knife-edge hinge, etc.) Alignment. However, due to the processing error in the size of the test piece, the actual centering state has not been reached at this time. Moreover, due to the randomness of the initial bending of the specimen, it is often impossible to find a completely centered state during the test. Therefore, the theoretical alignment will inevitably bring experimental errors, which is acceptable for the test purpose of the ultimate bearing capacity test, but for the normal service state indicators (such as material stress/strain, specimen stiffness, surface cracks, etc. ) will have a non-negligible impact on the measurement accuracy. At present, the strain centering method is often used to solve this problem, that is, after the one-time theoretical centering, the strain gauge is further pasted around the section of the unconstrained position in the middle of the specimen, and the elastic preload is carried out before the formal loading, and then the cross section is symmetrically observed. The actual alignment situation can be judged by the strain difference of the position, and the load position can be adjusted continuously to achieve the alignment purpose. This puts forward high requirements on the implementability and operation convenience of load position adjustment. Unfortunately, at present, there are few test devices dedicated to this kind of load position adjustment. The common method in the actual loading process is to fine-tune the jack base by manual hammering, wrenching, etc. This method is not only cumbersome to operate, but also It is more difficult to control the adjustment accuracy, the test effect and implementation efficiency are very low, and it is only applicable to the vertical loading condition, and the jack will overturn because it cannot be fixed when it is loaded horizontally. For the case of eccentric loading, the same problem will be encountered in precisely locating the eccentricity required for the test.

For example, the Chinese utility model patent (notification number CN 201251491Y) proposes a centering test device for spherical hinge bearings. The improvement is that it is equipped with an outer frame and a leveling frame. To move the position of the ball joint support. Although the device can adjust the load position, it cannot accurately grasp the adjusted displacement, and its scope of application is limited to a single working condition of vertical centered loading, and cannot be used in horizontal loading tests, let alone meet the requirements of large eccentric loading. In addition, the adjusting jackscrew of the device is located inside the device, which requires relatively high adjustment tools and causes some inconvenience to the actual operation.

Therefore, a compressive load positioning device with simple structure and feasible operation is designed to precisely adjust the load position during the structural test, and it can be adjusted in the type of specimen (steel member and concrete member), compression form (axial Compression and eccentric compression), load conditions (vertical loading and horizontal loading) and other aspects have good versatility, and will have strong practical significance for improving the test accuracy and implementation efficiency of structural tests.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a structural test load positioning device, which can meet the requirements of fast and accurate positioning of loads, and can be used for centering positioning and one-way eccentric positioning. The test device is not only suitable for vertical loading conditions but also for horizontal loading conditions.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A positioning device for pressure loads in structural tests, comprising a positioning block, a base plate, a transverse stopper, a longitudinal stopper, an anti-overturning screw, a transverse adjustment screw, a longitudinal adjustment screw and a locking nut; the base plate is used to connect test pieces The positioning block is used to connect the jack base; the surface of the bottom plate is provided with a horizontal block and a longitudinal block, and the horizontal block and the longitudinal block form an area; the positioning block is placed on the horizontal block and the vertical block on the surface of the bottom plate In the area enclosed by the longitudinal block; the positioning block is prevented from detaching from the bottom plate through the anti-overturning screw, the horizontal and vertical movement in the plane is realized through the horizontal adjustment screw and the longitudinal adjustment screw, and the position is locked by the locking nut.

The bottom plate is rectangular, and the four corners are provided with round holes, and the device is fixed on the steel member (or the steel embedded part of the concrete member).

Threaded blind holes are provided on the bottom surface of the horizontal and vertical stoppers, and counterbores are provided at the corresponding positions of the bottom plate. The horizontal stoppers and longitudinal stoppers are arranged symmetrically along the vertical and horizontal directions and fixed on the bottom plate by bolts to form a rectangular enclosure, and ensure that the connecting bolts Does not protrude from the bottom surface of the base plate.

A bar-shaped slot hole is set in the middle of the transverse block, and the height of the hole is equal to the diameter of the anti-overturning screw rod, which provides a lateral sliding space for the anti-overturning screw rod placed therein, and at the same time restricts its movement in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the bottom plate.

The four corners of the positioning block are provided with threaded through holes for connecting the jack base; the positioning block is placed on the bottom plate in the rectangular area surrounded by the horizontal block and the longitudinal block.

The two lateral sides of the positioning block are provided with threaded blind holes, and the positioning block is placed in the rectangular area surrounded by the stopper on the bottom plate.

The end of the anti-overturning screw is threaded, and the screw is anchored into the threaded blind hole on the side of the positioning block after passing through the anti-overturning slot on the transverse block, so as to ensure that the positioning block does not break away from the bottom plate.

The sides of the transverse stopper and the longitudinal stopper are provided with threaded through holes, and the diameters of the holes match the transverse adjustment screw and the longitudinal adjustment screw respectively.

The horizontal adjustment screw and the longitudinal adjustment screw are provided with lock nuts at the inner side of the block, and the nuts are tightened after the load positioning is completed to prevent the horizontal adjustment screw and the longitudinal adjustment screw from loosening during loading.

Both the horizontal adjustment screw and the longitudinal adjustment screw adopt full-length threads, and the ends of the screws are all outside the edge of the bottom plate, which is convenient to use tools for rotation and adjustment.

The device uses an anti-overturning screw to ensure that the positioning block does not overturn under horizontal loading conditions, so it is not only suitable for vertical loading conditions, but also for horizontal loading conditions.

The device adopts an all-steel structure, all parts are processed by precision machining, and the assembly is all connected by bolts without any welding process to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness of the device.

After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) Push the positioning block and the jack to move bidirectionally in the plane of the bottom plate by turning the bolt, so as to realize the adjustment of the load position, and the adjustment steps are simple and convenient.

(2) An anti-overturning screw is provided to prevent out-of-plane overturning of the positioning block, making the device not only suitable for vertical loading conditions, but also for horizontal loading conditions.

(3) A large space is provided in the longitudinal direction for large displacement adjustment, making the device not only suitable for axial compression tests, but also for large eccentric compression loading.

(4) The bottom plate is marked with two-way scale lines, which is convenient for reading the displacement adjustment, reduces the load positioning time, and improves the load positioning accuracy and test efficiency.

(5) The test device is easy to obtain materials, simple to manufacture, convenient to use, high in positioning accuracy, and wide in scope of application.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional rendering of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a plane view of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is A-A longitudinal sectional view shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is B-B longitudinal sectional view shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a C-C cross-sectional view shown in Fig. 2;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the scale line on the bottom plate;

Figure 7 is a longitudinal section view of I-I shown in Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of II-II shown in Figure 6;

Figure 9 is a plan view and an elevation view of the positioning block.

In the figure: 1—positioning block; 2—bottom plate; 3—transverse block; 4—longitudinal block; 5—anti-overturning screw; 6—longitudinal adjustment screw; 7—horizontal adjustment screw; 8—lock nut; 9 —Threaded through hole for fixed jack; 10—round hole in bottom plate; 11—threaded blind hole for anti-overturning screw; 12—anti-overturning slot hole; 13—threaded through hole for adjusting screw; 14—threaded blind hole for block; 15— Bottom counterbore; 16—block fastening bolt; x—longitudinal; y—transverse.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but the following content is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the test device described in this embodiment that can quickly and accurately locate the pressure load in the structural test mainly includes a positioning block 1, a bottom plate 2, a transverse stopper 3, a longitudinal stopper 4, a Overturning screw 5, horizontal adjustment screw 6, longitudinal adjustment screw 7 and locking nut 8; the bottom plate 2 is connected to the test piece through four corner round holes via bolts; the surface of the bottom plate 2 is provided with a transverse stopper 3 and a longitudinal The block 4, the transverse block 3 and the longitudinal block 4 enclose an area; the positioning block 1 is placed in the area surrounded by the transverse block 3 and the longitudinal block 4 on the surface of the bottom plate 2, and is threaded through four corners The hole is connected to the jack base. The positioning block 2 is prevented from being detached from the bottom plate by the anti-overturning screw 5 , the horizontal and vertical movement in the plane is realized by the horizontal adjustment screw 6 and the longitudinal adjustment screw 7 , and the position is locked by the locking nut 8 .

In this embodiment, the bottom plate 2 is rectangular, and four corners are provided with round holes for bolted connection with steel components or concrete component steel embedded parts.

In this embodiment, the bottom surfaces of the transverse block 3 and the longitudinal block 4 are provided with threaded blind holes 14, and the corresponding positions of the base plate 2 are provided with counterbore holes 15, and the blocks 3 and 4 are symmetrically arranged longitudinally and laterally and fixed to the base plate by bolts 16. 2, forming a rectangular enclosure.

In this embodiment, a bar-shaped slot 12 is provided in the middle of the transverse stopper 3, and the height of the hole is equal to the diameter of the anti-overturning screw 5, providing a lateral sliding space for the anti-overturning screw 5 placed therein, and restricting it to the plane vertical to the floor. direction of movement.

In this embodiment, four corners of the positioning block 1 are provided with threaded through holes for connecting the jack base; the positioning block 1 is placed in the rectangular area surrounded by the stop blocks 3 and 4 on the bottom plate 2 .

In this embodiment, the two lateral sides of the positioning block 1 are provided with threaded blind holes 11, and the anti-overturning screw rod 5 with a thread at the end passes through the anti-overturning slot 12 on the transverse stopper 3 and anchors into the hole 11. , so as to prevent the positioning block 1 from being separated from the bottom plate 2 during the installation process.

In this embodiment, the sides of the transverse stopper 3 and the longitudinal stopper 4 are provided with threaded through holes 13 whose diameters match the transverse adjustment screw 6 and the longitudinal adjustment screw 7 respectively.

In this embodiment, the horizontal adjustment screw 6 and the longitudinal adjustment screw 7 are provided with lock nuts 8 at the inner side of the block to prevent the adjustment screws 6 and 7 from loosening during loading.

In this embodiment, the horizontal adjustment screw 6 and the longitudinal adjustment screw 7 both adopt full-length threads, and the ends of the screws are all outside the edge of the bottom plate 2, which is convenient for rotation.

In this embodiment, the upper surface of the bottom plate 2 is marked with a scale for precise positioning. The minimum scale of the scale line is 1mm, which is indicated by a dotted line, and every 5mm is indicated by a solid line, and the size of the blank area in the middle is consistent with the plane size of the positioning block. From the boundary line of the blank area to the outside, digital marks are made along the edge of the block at a level of 10mm, which is convenient for reading the scale and achieving accurate positioning.

In this embodiment, no anti-overturning slots are provided on the longitudinal stopper 4 to meet the requirement of large longitudinal displacement adjustment, and further be used for large eccentric loading tests.

In this embodiment, the number of horizontal adjustment screws 6 is two, and the number of longitudinal adjustment screws 7 can be increased or decreased according to the required longitudinal adjustment range, but should not be less than two.

In this embodiment, the device is not only suitable for vertical loading conditions, but also for horizontal loading conditions. The anti-overturning screw 5 ensures that the positioning block 1 does not overturn under horizontal loading conditions.

In this embodiment, the device adopts an all-steel structure, all components are processed by precision machining, all assembly is connected by bolts, and there is no welding process to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness of the device.

When using the above-mentioned device in this embodiment to locate the load, according to the initial installation position of the specimen and the test requirements, the position of the positioning block is initially adjusted with the help of the anti-overturning screw, and then the positioning block is pushed and moved by rotating the adjusting screw on the horizontal and vertical stoppers. The threads on the adjusting screw are continuous and the spacing is small, so the moving step of the positioning block can be effectively controlled to achieve precise positioning.

When the above-mentioned device of the present embodiment is used, proceed according to the following steps:

(1) Measure the geometric dimensions of the loading end of the specimen.

(2) According to the data obtained in (1), select the appropriate size and quantity of bottom plate 2, positioning block 1, stoppers 3, 4, anti-overturning screw 5, adjusting screw 6, 7 and locking nut 8.

(3) The bottom plate 2 is provided with a round hole 10 (Fig. 6) and a counterbore 15 (Fig. 7, 8), and a scale line is marked on its upper surface (Fig. 6).

(4) Blocks 3 and 4 are provided with slotted holes 12, threaded through holes 13, and threaded blind holes 14, and are fixed on the bottom plate 2 with bolts 16 (Fig. 7, 8).

(5) The positioning block 1 is provided with a threaded through hole 9 and a threaded blind hole 11 (Fig. 9).

(6) Place the positioning block 1 in the area surrounded by the stoppers 3 and 4 on the upper surface of the bottom plate 2, pass the anti-overturning screw 5 through the anti-overturning slot 12 and anchor it into the threaded blind hole 11 on the side of the positioning block 2 ( image 3).

(7) Screw the adjusting screw 6, 7 into and pass through the threaded through hole 13 on the block 3, 4, then screw into the locking nut 8, and wait for further rotation (Fig. 4, 5).

(8) Move the anti-overturning screw 5 to drive the positioning block 1, so that the four sides of the positioning block coincide with the boundary of the blank area of the scale line of the bottom plate. Rotate the adjusting screws 6 and 7 until they are in contact with the side of the positioning block 1 to prevent the positioning block from sliding.

(9) Place the device as a whole on the loading end section of the specimen, and after aligning the centroid of the mid-bottom plate and the centroid of the end section of the specimen, use bolts to connect and fix the device with the specimen through the round hole 10 of the bottom plate.

(10) Place the jack base (such as ball hinge, knife-edge hinge) on the positioning block 1, and after centering the base and the center of the positioning block 1, fix the base with bolts through the threaded through hole 9.

(11) Determine the displacement adjustment of positioning block 1 in the longitudinal and lateral directions according to the test requirements.

(12) Rotate the adjusting screw rods 6 and 7, and the positioning block 1 is displaced by the thrust of the screw rods, so as to realize the precise positioning of the load.

(13) Tighten the locking nut 8 and start the test loading.

(14) According to the test results, determine the next adjustment direction and range, and repeat the rotation and positioning work.

The above-mentioned device in this embodiment is connected and fixed through the base plate and the steel component or the steel embedded part of the concrete component; the positioning block is connected with the jack, placed in the area surrounded by the stopper on the surface of the base plate, and the vertical and lateral movement is realized by rotating the adjusting screw; After the overturning screw passes through the slot on the transverse block, it is anchored into the threaded hole on the side of the positioning block to prevent the positioning block from detaching from the bottom plate, so that the positioning device is not only suitable for vertical loading conditions, but also for horizontal loading. Loading condition; the upper surface of the bottom plate is marked with a scale line to improve the adjustment speed and accuracy; the number of longitudinal adjustment screws is increased or decreased according to the displacement adjustment range. The principle of the whole device is clear, the manufacture is simple, the use is convenient, the load positioning accuracy is high, and it can be applied to civil engineering teaching and scientific research experiments.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the contents of the present invention, and besides this, the present invention also has other implementations. However, all technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent deformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a structural test load locating device is characterized in that: comprise locating piece (1), base plate (2), horizontal block (3), vertical block (4), the anti-screw rod (5) that topples, lateral adjustments screw rod (6), vertical adjusting screw(rod) (7) and locking nut (8); Said base plate (2) connects test specimen through four bight circular holes through bolt, and said base plate (2) surface is provided with horizontal block (3) and vertical block (4), and laterally block (3) and vertical block (4) surround a zone; Said locating piece (1) is positioned in the horizontal block (3) and vertical block (4) institute region on base plate (2) surface, and is connected with jack base through four bight threaded holes; Said locating piece (2) connects base plate through the anti-screw rod (5) that covers; Said lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and vertical adjusting screw(rod) (7) are separately positioned on horizontal block (3), the vertical block (4); Realize horizontal stroke in the plane, vertically move through lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and vertical adjusting screw(rod) (7), and through locking nut (8) latched position.

2. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said base plate (2) is a rectangle, and circular hole is offered in four bights, is used for whole device and is connected with steel member or concrete component steel built-in fitting.

3. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: tapped blind hole (14) is offered in said horizontal block (3), vertical block (4) bottom surface; Counterbore (15) is offered in base plate (2) relevant position; Laterally block (3), vertical block (4) are fixed on the base plate (2) through bolt (16) after the vertical, horizontal symmetric arrangement, form rectangle and enclose the territory.

4. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: (1) four bight of said locating piece is offered tapped through hole and is used to connect jack base; Locating piece (1) is positioned over base plate (2), and upward horizontal block (3), vertical block (4) enclose in the rectangular area.

5. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: two transverse sides of said locating piece (1) are offered tapped blind hole (11); Threaded anti-the toppling in end anchors in this hole (11) after screw rod (5) passes the anti-slotted eye that topples (12) on the horizontal block (3), thereby prevents that locating piece in the installation process (1) and base plate (2) are separated.

6. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: stripe shape slotted eye (12) is offered at said horizontal block (3) middle part; Anti-screw rod (5) equal diameters of toppling of Kong Gaoyu; For the anti-screw rod that topples (5) that is placed in one provides horizontal sliding space, and limit its motion on the vertical base plate in-plane.

7. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: tapped through hole (13) is offered in said horizontal block (3) and vertical block (4) side, and pore size is complementary with lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and vertical adjusting screw(rod) (7) respectively.

8. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and vertical adjusting screw(rod) (7) are provided with locking nut (8) at the position that is positioned at the block inboard, prevent that lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and vertical adjusting screw(rod) (7) from taking place loosening in loading procedure.

9. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: said lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and vertically adjusting screw(rod) (7) all adopt full thread, and the screw rod end is all at base plate (2) beyond the edge; Said lateral adjustments screw rod (6) quantity is two, and vertically adjusting screw(rod) (7) quantity is no less than two.

10. according to each described a kind of structural test load locating device of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that: said base plate (2) upper surface indicates and is used for pinpoint rule.

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