CN102809508B - Load positioning device for structural test - Google Patents
Load positioning device for structural test Download PDFInfo
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- CN102809508B CN102809508B CN201210253692.1A CN201210253692A CN102809508B CN 102809508 B CN102809508 B CN 102809508B CN 201210253692 A CN201210253692 A CN 201210253692A CN 102809508 B CN102809508 B CN 102809508B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a load positioning device for a structural test. The device consists of a positioning block, a bottom plate, retaining blocks, an anti-overturn screw, adjusting screws and locknuts. The device is connected and fixed with a steel member or a steel embedded piece of a concrete member through the bottom plate; the positioning block is connected with a jack, is arranged in an area enclosed by the retaining blocks of the surface of the bottom plate, and moves longitudinally and transversely by screwing the adjusting screws; the anti-overturn screw passes through slots on the transverse retaining blocks, and then is anchored into a threaded hole which is formed on the side surfaces of the positioning block so as to prevent the positioning block from being separated from the bottom plate, so that the positioning device is applicable to vertical loading working conditions, and can also be applied to horizontal loading working conditions; scale marks are marked on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and are used for improving the adjusting speed and the adjusting accuracy; and the quantity of the longitudinal adjusting screws is increased and decreased according to the displacement adjustment range. The whole device has a clear principle, can be simply manufactured, is convenient to use, is high in load positioning accuracy, and can be applied to civil engineering teaching and scientific research tests.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the teaching and scientific research test unit of civil engineering, particularly a kind of structural test load locating device.
Background technology
In the structural test field of civil engineering, test specimen pressurized is a kind of common loading condition.Wherein axial compression load mode the most commonly, also may have eccentric compression to load requirement according to test objective difference in addition.Load positioning precision affects the key factor of test findings accuracy often.With axial compression, be loaded as example, generally by prior web member (as bolt) Position Design, make jack base (as ball pivot, edge of a knife hinge etc.) center overlap with the test specimen loading end cross section centre of form, thereby realize disposable theoretical centering.But because sample dimensions exists mismachining tolerance, now do not reach actual Shaft alignment state.And due to the randomness of test specimen initial bending, in process of the test, usually cannot find state entirely on the center.Therefore theoretical centering will unavoidably be brought test error, this accepts for take the situation Yan Shangke that ultimate bearing capacity test is test objective, but will produce the impact of can not ignore to the measuring accuracy of normal use state index (as material stress/strain, specimen stiffness, surface crack etc.).The strain centering methods that adopt solve this problem more at present, after disposable theoretical centering, further at test specimen middle part, without the cross-sectional perimeter of constrained, paste foil gauge, before formal loading, carry out elasticity prestrain, then the strain difference by observing cross sections symmetric position judges actual centering situation, and constantly adjusts loading position and reach centering object.This has just proposed very high requirement to the exploitativeness of loading position adjustment and simple operation.Regrettably, the current more rare test unit that is exclusively used in this type of loading position adjusting that has, in actual loaded process, conventional method is by manual hammering, pulls the mode such as move jack base is finely tuned, this method is troublesome poeration not only, more restive degree of regulation, test effect and efficiency of the practice are all very low, and are only applicable to vertical loading condition, and when level loads, lifting jack will topple owing to fixing.For bias-load situation, when the eccentric throw that accurately location test requires, same problem will be run into.
As Chinese utility model patent (notification number CN 201251491 Y) has proposed a kind of ball hinged support centering testing device, its improvements are to be provided with housing and leveling frame, and principle of work is by the jackscrew on adjusting levelling device, to come the position of moving ball hinged-support.Though this device can carry out loading position adjustment, cannot realize adjusting the accurate assurance of displacement, and its scope of application only limits to vertical centering and loads single operating mode, cannot apply to horizontal load test, more can not meet large eccentricity and load requirement.In addition, the adjusting jackscrew of this device is positioned at device inside, adjustment means is had relatively high expectations, and practical operation is caused to certain inconvenience.
Therefore, design the Compression locating device of a kind of simple structure, operation feasible, for loading position being carried out to fine adjustment in structural test process, and there is good versatility at aspects such as test specimen type (steel member and concrete component), pressurized form (axial compression and eccentric compression), load cases (vertical loading and level loading), will there is stronger realistic meaning to improving measuring accuracy and the efficiency of the practice of structural test.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of structural test load locating device, can meet fast, accurately locate the requirement of load, can be used for centering location and one-way eccentric location.This test unit is not only applicable to vertical loading condition and also can be used for horizontal loading condition.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A locating device for compressive load in structural test, comprises locating piece, base plate, horizontal block, longitudinal block, overturn-preventing screw rod, lateral adjustments screw rod, longitudinal adjusting screw(rod) and locking nut; Described base plate is used for connecting test specimen; Described locating piece is used for connecting jack base; Described backplate surface is provided with horizontal block and longitudinal block, and laterally block and longitudinal block surround a region; Described locating piece is positioned over the horizontal block of backplate surface and longitudinally in block institute region; Described locating piece is avoided departing from base plate by overturn-preventing screw rod, and by lateral adjustments screw rod and longitudinal adjusting screw(rod), realize horizontal stroke in plane, vertically move, and by locking nut latched position.
Described base plate is rectangle, and circular hole is offered in four bights, and this device is fixed on steel member (or concrete component steel built-in fitting).
Tapped blind hole is offered in described horizontal stroke, longitudinal block bottom surface, and counterbore is offered in base plate relevant position, and laterally block, longitudinal block are bolted on base plate after vertical, horizontal is arranged symmetrically with, and form rectangle territory, and guarantees the outstanding base plate lower surface of coupling bolt.
Stripe shape slotted eye is offered at described horizontal block middle part, and Kong Gaoyu overturn-preventing screw diameter equates, for the overturn-preventing screw rod being placed in one provides horizontal sliding space, limits its motion on vertical base plate in-plane simultaneously.
Tapped through hole is offered in four bights of described locating piece, for connecting jack base; Locating piece is positioned over horizontal block on base plate, longitudinally block encloses in rectangular area.
Two transverse sides of described locating piece are offered tapped blind hole, and this locating piece is positioned over block on base plate and encloses in rectangular area.
Described overturn-preventing screw rod end is threaded, and this screw rod is anchored in the tapped blind hole of locating piece side after through the overturn-preventing slotted eye on horizontal block, guarantees that locating piece does not depart from base plate.
Tapped through hole is offered in described horizontal block and longitudinally block side, and pore size matches with lateral adjustments screw rod and longitudinal adjusting screw(rod) respectively.
Described lateral adjustments screw rod and longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) arrange locking nut at the position that is positioned at block inner side, and load is tightened this nut after having located, and prevent that lateral adjustments screw rod and longitudinal adjusting screw(rod) from occurring loosening in loading procedure.
Described lateral adjustments screw rod and longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) all adopt full thread, and screw rod end is all beyond bottom edge, and instrument easy to use tunes.
Described device adopts overturn-preventing screw rod to guarantee that locating piece does not topple when horizontal loading condition, is not therefore only applicable to vertical loading condition, also can be used for horizontal loading condition.
Described device adopts full steel structure, and all parts all adopt precision optical machinery processing, assembles all with boltsly, without any welding sequence, guarantees plant bulk precision and surface smoothness.
After adopting technique scheme, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) by tuning bolt, promote the related lifting jack of locating piece way moving in base plate plane, thereby realize loading position adjustment, regulating step is simple and convenient.
(2) be provided with overturn-preventing screw rod and prevent that locating piece generating plane from toppling outward, make this device not be only applicable to vertical loading condition, also can be used for horizontal loading condition.
(3) large space is longitudinally being set to carry out big displacement quantity adjusting, is making this device not be only applicable to axial compression test, also can be used for large eccentric pressuring and load.
(4) base plate indicates centre zero scale line, conveniently reads displacement regulated quantity and reduces load positioning time, improves load positioning precision and test efficiency.
(5) test unit is drawn materials easily, makes simply, and easy to use, positioning precision is high, applied widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one embodiment of the invention 3 d effect graph;
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of the invention planimetric map;
Fig. 3 is A-A skiagraph shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is B-B skiagraph shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is C-C cross-sectional view shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is base plate scale mark schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the skiagraph of I-I shown in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view of II-II shown in Fig. 6;
Fig. 9 is that locating piece is flat, elevation drawing.
In figure: 1-locating piece; 2-base plate; 3-horizontal block; 4-longitudinal block; 5-overturn-preventing screw rod; 6-longitudinal adjusting screw(rod); 7-lateral adjustments screw rod; 8-locking nut; 9-fixing lifting jack tapped through hole; 10-base plate circular hole; 11-overturn-preventing screw rod tapped blind hole; 12-overturn-preventing slotted eye; 13-adjusting screw(rod) tapped through hole; 14-block tapped blind hole; 15-base plate counterbore; 16-block fastening bolt; X-longitudinally; Y-laterally.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the technical solution of the present invention is further explained, but following content is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of described in the present embodiment can be fast in structural test the accurate test unit of positioning pressure load, mainly comprise locating piece 1, base plate 2, laterally block 3, longitudinally block 4, overturn-preventing screw rod 5, lateral adjustments screw rod 6, longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) 7 and locking nut 8; Described base plate 2 connects test specimen by four bight circular holes through bolt; Described base plate 2 surfaces are provided with horizontal block 3 and longitudinal block 4, and laterally block 3 and longitudinal block 4 surround a region; Described locating piece 1 is positioned in the horizontal block 3 and longitudinal 4 regions of block on base plate 2 surfaces, and is connected with jack base by four bight threaded holes.Described locating piece 1 is avoided departing from base plate by overturn-preventing screw rod 5, and by lateral adjustments screw rod 6 and longitudinal adjusting screw(rod) 7, realize horizontal stroke in plane, vertically move, and by locking nut 8 latched positions.
In the present embodiment, described base plate 2 is rectangle, and circular hole is offered in four bights, for same steel member or concrete component steel embedded part bolt, connects.
In the present embodiment, tapped blind hole 14 is offered in described horizontal block 3, longitudinal block 4 bottom surfaces, and counterbore 15 is offered in base plate 2 relevant positions, after block 3,4 is arranged symmetrically with along vertical, horizontal, by bolt 16, is fixed on base plate 2, forms rectangle territory.
In the present embodiment, stripe shape slotted eye 12 is offered at described horizontal block 3 middle parts, and Kong Gaoyu overturn-preventing screw rod 5 equal diameters for the overturn-preventing screw rod 5 being placed in one provides horizontal sliding space, and limit its motion on vertical base plate in-plane.
In the present embodiment, tapped through hole is offered for connecting jack base in 1 four bights of described locating piece; Locating piece 1 is positioned over 3,4 of blocks on base plate 2 and encloses in rectangular area.
In the present embodiment, two transverse sides of described locating piece 1 are offered tapped blind hole 11, anchor in this hole 11, thereby prevent that in installation process, locating piece 1 is separated with base plate 2 after the overturn-preventing slotted eye 12 that the threaded overturn-preventing screw rod 5 in end passes on horizontal block 3.
In the present embodiment, tapped through hole 13 is offered in described horizontal block 3 and longitudinally block 4 sides, and pore size matches with lateral adjustments screw rod 6 and longitudinal adjusting screw(rod) 7 respectively.
In the present embodiment, described lateral adjustments screw rod 6 and longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) 7 arrange locking nut 8 at the position that is positioned at block inner side, prevent that adjusting screw(rod) 6,7 from occurring in loading procedure loosening.
In the present embodiment, described lateral adjustments screw rod 6 and longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) 7 all adopt full thread, and screw rod end is all beyond base plate 2 edges, conveniently tunes.
In the present embodiment, described base plate 2 upper surfaces indicate rule, for accurate location.This scale mark minimum scale is 1mm, dots, and every 5mm, with solid line, illustrates, intermediate blank area size is consistent with locating piece planar dimension.From white space boundary line outward, along block edge, take 10mm as one-level takes turns doing figure notation, when conveniently reading scale, realize accurately location.
In the present embodiment, on described longitudinal block 4, do not offer overturn-preventing slotted eye, the requirement regulating to meet longitudinally large displacement, and then for large eccentricity load test.
In the present embodiment, described lateral adjustments screw rod 6 quantity are two, and longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) 7 quantity can be increased and decreased according to desired longitudinal adjusting range, but should not be less than two.
In the present embodiment, this device is not only applicable to vertical loading condition, also can be used for horizontal loading condition, and overturn-preventing screw rod 5 guarantees that locating piece 1 does not topple when horizontal loading condition.
In the present embodiment, this device adopts full steel structure, all parts all to adopt precision optical machinery processing, assembles all with boltsly, without any welding sequence, guarantees plant bulk precision and surface smoothness.
While adopting the present embodiment said apparatus location load, according to the initial installation site of test specimen and testing requirements, first by overturn-preventing screw rod, tentatively adjust locating piece position, then by tuning the adjusting screw(rod) pushing tow running fix piece on horizontal stroke, longitudinal block.Screw thread on adjusting screw(rod) is continuous, spacing is little, therefore can effectively control the moving step pitch of locating piece, realizes accurately location.
When the present embodiment said apparatus is used, according to following steps, carry out:
(1) measure the physical dimension of test specimen loading end.
(2), according to the data obtained in (1), select base plate 2, locating piece 1, block 3,4, overturn-preventing screw rod 5, adjusting screw(rod) 6,7 and the locking nut 8 of suitable dimension and quantity.
(3) base plate 2 is offered circular hole 10 (Fig. 6) and counterbore 15 (Fig. 7,8), and surface marking scale mark (Fig. 6) thereon.
(4) block 3,4 is offered slotted eye 12, tapped through hole 13, tapped blind hole 14, adopts bolt 16 to be fixed in (Fig. 7,8) on base plate 2.
(5) locating piece 1 is offered screw through hole 9, tapped blind hole 11 (Fig. 9).
(6) locating piece 1 is positioned in 3,4 regions of block of base plate 2 upper surfaces, by overturn-preventing screw rod 5 through anchoring into after overturn-preventing slotted eye 12 in the tapped blind hole 11 of locating piece 2 sides (Fig. 3).
(7) adjusting screw(rod) 6,7 is screwed in and pass tapped through hole 13 on block 3,4, then screw in locking nut 8, products for further tunes (Fig. 4,5).
(8) mobile overturn-preventing screw rod 5, drives locating piece 1, and locating piece four limits are overlapped with the borderline phase of base plate scale mark white space.Adjusting screw(rod) 6,7 is tuned to just in time contacting with locating piece 1 side, prevent that locating piece from sliding.
(9) device integral body is placed on to test specimen and loads end cross-sectional, after the centering base plate centre of form and the test piece end cross section centre of form, adopt bolt by base plate circular hole 10, device and test specimen to be connected and fixed.
(10) jack base (as ball pivot, edge of a knife hinge) is positioned on locating piece 1, after centering base and locating piece 1 centre of form, by tapped through hole 9, through bolt, fixes base.
(11) according to testing requirements, determine the displacement regulated quantity of locating piece 1 in vertical, horizontal.
(12) tune adjusting screw(rod) 6,7, by screw rod thrust, make locating piece 1 displacement, realize load and accurately locate.
(13) tighten locking nut 8, start test and load.
(14), according to test findings, determine that next step regulates direction and amplitude, repeats to tune location work.
The present embodiment said apparatus is connected and fixed by base plate and steel member or concrete component steel built-in fitting; Locating piece connects lifting jack, is positioned in the block institute region of backplate surface, and realizes vertical, horizontal and move by tuning adjusting screw(rod); Overturn-preventing screw rod passes after the slotted eye on horizontal block, anchors into locating piece side and opens in threaded hole, to prevent that locating piece and base plate from departing from, makes this locating device not be only applicable to vertical loading condition, also can be applicable to horizontal loading condition; Plate upper surface indicates scale mark, for improving governing speed and precision; Longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) quantity regulates range to increase and decrease according to displacement.Whole principle of device is clear, makes simply, and easy to use, load positioning precision is high, can be applicable in the middle of the test of civil engineering work teaching and scientific research.
Above embodiment is only for illustrating content of the present invention, and in addition, the present invention also has other embodiment.But all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that equivalent deformation mode forms all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a structural test load locating device, is characterized in that: comprise locating piece (1), base plate (2), horizontal block (3), longitudinal block (4), overturn-preventing screw rod (5), lateral adjustments screw rod (6), longitudinal adjusting screw(rod) (7) and locking nut (8); Described base plate (2) connects test specimen by four bight circular holes through bolt, and described base plate (2) surface is provided with horizontal block (3) and longitudinal block (4), and laterally block (3) and longitudinal block (4) surround a region; Described locating piece (1) is positioned in the horizontal block (3) and longitudinal block (4) institute region on base plate (2) surface, and is connected with jack base by four bight threaded holes; Described locating piece (2) is by overturn-preventing screw rod (5) connecting bottom board; Described lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) (7) are separately positioned on horizontal block (3), longitudinal block (4), described locating piece (1) is realized horizontal stroke in plane, is vertically moved by lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and longitudinal adjusting screw(rod) (7), and by locking nut (8) latched position; Stripe shape slotted eye (12) is offered at described horizontal block (3) middle part, Kong Gaoyu overturn-preventing screw rod (5) equal diameters, for the overturn-preventing screw rod (5) being placed in one provides horizontal sliding space, and limit its motion on vertical base plate in-plane.
2. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described base plate (2) is rectangle, and circular hole is offered in four bights, for whole device, is connected with steel member or concrete component steel built-in fitting.
3. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: tapped blind hole (14) is offered in described horizontal block (3), longitudinal block (4) bottom surface, counterbore (15) is offered in base plate (2) relevant position, laterally block (3), longitudinal block (4) are fixed on base plate (2) above by bolt (16) after being arranged symmetrically with along vertical, horizontal, form rectangle territory.
4. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 3, is characterized in that: tapped through hole is offered for connecting jack base in (1) four bight of described locating piece; Locating piece (1) is positioned in the upper horizontal block (3) of base plate (2), longitudinal block (4) rectangle territory.
5. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: two transverse sides of described locating piece (1) are offered tapped blind hole (11), the threaded overturn-preventing screw rod in end (5) anchors in this hole (11) after passing the stripe shape slotted eye (12) on horizontal block (3), thereby prevents that locating piece in installation process (1) and base plate (2) are separated.
6. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: tapped through hole (13) is offered in described horizontal block (3) and longitudinally block (4) side, pore size matches with lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and longitudinal adjusting screw(rod) (7) respectively.
7. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) (7) arrange locking nut (8) at the position that is positioned at block inner side, prevent that lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and longitudinal adjusting screw(rod) (7) from occurring loosening in loading procedure.
8. a kind of structural test load locating device according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described lateral adjustments screw rod (6) and longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) (7) all adopt full thread, and screw rod end is all beyond base plate (2) edge; Described lateral adjustments screw rod (6) quantity is two, and longitudinally adjusting screw(rod) (7) quantity is no less than two.
9. according to a kind of structural test load locating device described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that: described base plate (2) upper surface indicates for pinpoint rule.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210253692.1A CN102809508B (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2012-07-20 | Load positioning device for structural test |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210253692.1A CN102809508B (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2012-07-20 | Load positioning device for structural test |
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| CN102809508A CN102809508A (en) | 2012-12-05 |
| CN102809508B true CN102809508B (en) | 2014-11-19 |
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| CN201210253692.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102809508B (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2012-07-20 | Load positioning device for structural test |
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