CN109406127B - Experimental device for increase test piece load with support - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an experimental device with a support for increasing the load of a test piece, which comprises a loading container, a supply container, a pipeline for connecting the loading container with the supply container, and a supply pump arranged on the pipeline, wherein the loading container is hung on the test piece; the support comprises a base block, a first bearing arranged in the base block, an outer frame piece, an inner frame piece positioned in the outer frame piece and a second bearing arranged in the outer frame piece; the outer frame member is provided with a longitudinal protruding shaft, the inner frame member is provided with a vertical protruding shaft, the first bearing is sleeved on the longitudinal protruding shaft, and the second bearing is sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft; the two supports are arranged, one end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame of one support, and the other end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame of the other support. The experimental device can carry out experiments under different boundary constraint conditions, and belongs to the technical field of test piece experimental devices.

Description

An experimental device with supports for increasing specimen load

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of specimen experimental devices, and in particular to an experimental device with a support for increasing specimen load.

Background technique

At present, supports generally have only one boundary constraint. If you want to study the in-plane stability or out-of-plane stability of the specimen under different boundary constraints, you need different supports, which will increase the experimental cost. , and moving the specimen from one support to another will also cause operational inconvenience. Multiple supports occupy an area, resulting in high experimental costs and troublesome experimental operations.

Contents of the invention

In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device with a support for increasing the load of a specimen, which can conduct experiments under different boundary constraints.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An experimental device with a support for increasing the load of a specimen, including a loading container suspended on the specimen, a supply container, a pipeline connecting the loading container and the supply container, and a supply pump arranged on the pipeline;

The support includes a base block, a first bearing disposed in the base block, an outer frame member, an inner frame member located inside the outer frame member, and a second bearing disposed in the outer frame member; the outer frame member is provided with a longitudinal protruding shaft, The inner frame is provided with a vertically protruding shaft, the first bearing is sleeved on the longitudinally protruding shaft, and the second bearing is sleeved on the vertically protruding shaft;

There are two supports, one end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame member of one of the supports, and the other end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame member of the other support.

Further, the base block includes a horizontal bottom block, two vertical blocks fixed at both ends of the horizontal bottom block, and a cover block located at the upper end of the vertical block; the cover block and the vertical block form a through hole for accommodating the first bearing, and the cover block Connected to the vertical block via bolts.

Further: the horizontal bottom block and the vertical block are integrally formed, and there are two cover blocks, and the two cover blocks are respectively located on the upper end surfaces of the two vertical blocks;

There are two first bearings, one first bearing is located in the through hole formed by one of the cover blocks and one of the vertical blocks, and the other first bearing is located in the through hole formed by the other cover block and the other vertical block; outer frame Both ends of the component are provided with longitudinally protruding shafts, a first bearing is sleeved on one of the longitudinally protruding shafts, and the other first bearing is sleeved on the other longitudinally protruding shaft;

There are two second bearings, one second bearing is located at the upper part of the outer frame member, and the other second bearing is located at the lower part of the outer frame member; the upper and lower ends of the inner frame member are provided with vertical protruding shafts, and a second bearing sleeve On one of the vertically protruding shafts, another second bearing is sleeved on the other vertically protruding shaft.

Further: the experimental device also includes a first spring that is sleeved on the longitudinal protruding shaft and a second spring that is sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft. One end of the first spring is fixed to the longitudinal protruding shaft, and the other end of the first spring is fixed to the longitudinal protruding shaft. The vertical block is fixed, one end of the second spring is fixed to the inner frame member, and the other end of the second spring is fixed to the outer frame member.

Further: the experimental device also includes screws, the outer frame member is provided with screw holes, and the screws pass through the screw holes on the outer frame member and resist the inner frame member.

Further, both the inner frame and the outer frame are in the shape of a square frame.

Further: the test piece is an arched I-beam.

Further: the experimental device also includes multiple pads, multiple screws and multiple nuts; the screws penetrate the inner frame, the horizontal part of the I-beam and the pads; the upper and lower end faces of the horizontal part of the I-beam are both equipped with There is a spacer block, and the nut is screwed on the screw and presses against the end face of the spacer block.

Further, a plurality of screw rods are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the inner frame member.

Furthermore, the I-beam is provided with multiple through holes, and the loading container is suspended from the I-beam through ropes.

Generally speaking, the present invention has the following advantages:

In the present invention, the support can be used to provide different boundary constraint conditions, and the experimental device can be used to study the in-plane stability problem or the out-of-plane (outward bending) stability problem of the specimen under different boundary constraint conditions. The outer frame member can rotate or not rotate, the inner frame member can also rotate or not rotate, and a first spring and a second spring can be provided. The invention has a simple structure and strong practicability, and solves the problem that the specimen load experimental device can only provide one boundary constraint condition. The liquid is poured in through the supply pump to achieve uniform loading and uniform unloading, and loading and stopping can be controlled at any time. When loading, press the switch of the supply pump, and the liquid will enter the suspended loading container from the supply container. The liquid will continue to increase at a constant speed, and the loading concentration force will continue to increase. A drainage switch can be set at the bottom of the suspended loading container to enable uniform or controlled speed unloading. In addition to realizing different boundary conditions, the present invention can also adapt to specimens with different types of cross-sections and different-sized cross-sections.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the experimental device.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the support.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the vertical block and the cover block in the left direction.

Figure 4 is a top view of the outer frame member.

Figure 5 is a left side view of the inner frame member.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In order to facilitate unified viewing of various reference signs in the drawings of this specification, the reference signs appearing in the drawings of this specification are uniformly explained as follows:

1 is the horizontal bottom block, 2 is the vertical block, 3 is the cover block, 4 is the outer frame piece, 5 is the longitudinal protruding shaft, 6 is the inner frame piece, 7 is the vertical protruding shaft, 8 is the nut, 9 is the spacer block, 10 is the screw, 11 is the I-beam, 12 is the supply container, 13 is the pipe, 14 is the loading container, and 15 is the supply pump.

For the convenience of description, the directions mentioned below are explained as follows: the up, down, left, and right directions mentioned below are consistent with the up, down, left, and right directions of Figure 1 itself, the front and rear directions mentioned below are consistent with the left and right directions of Figure 2, and the front and rear directions are the longitudinal directions. .

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, an experimental device with a support for increasing the load of a specimen includes a loading container suspended on the specimen, a supply container, a pipeline connecting the loading container and the supply container, and a Supply pump. One end of the pipe is connected to the loading container, and the other end of the pipe is connected to the supply container. The supply pump can pump the liquid in the supply container into the interior of the loading container, so that the specimen undergoes vertical downward pulling force, and then further experiment of. The test piece is an arched I-beam or straight beam.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the support includes a base block, a first bearing disposed in the base block, an outer frame member, an inner frame member located inside the outer frame member, and a second bearing disposed in the outer frame member. Both the inner frame and the outer frame are in the shape of square frames, and the size of the inner frame is smaller. The inner frame is placed inside the outer frame, and there is a gap between the inner frame and the outer frame. As shown in Figure 4, the outer frame is provided with a longitudinally protruding shaft. As shown in Figure 5, the inner frame is provided with a vertically protruding shaft. The first bearing is sleeved on the longitudinally protruding shaft, and the second bearing is sleeved on the vertically protruding shaft. Projection on the axis.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, there are two supports. One end (left end) of the specimen is fixed on the inner frame of one (left) support, and the other end (right end) of the specimen is fixed on the other (left). Right) on the inner frame of the support. The two supports are arranged symmetrically left and right.

As shown in Figure 2, the base block includes a horizontal bottom block, two vertical blocks fixed on the front and rear ends of the horizontal bottom block, and a cover block located on the upper end of the vertical block. One vertical block is located at the front end of the horizontal bottom block, and the other vertical block is located at the rear end of the horizontal bottom block. The upper end surface of each vertical block is provided with a cover block. As shown in FIG. 3 , the cover block and the vertical block form a through hole for accommodating the first bearing, that is, the first bearing is placed in the through hole. The cover block is connected to the vertical block through bolts, that is, the bolts pass through the cover block and are screwed into the vertical block. If the bolts are tightened a little, the cover block and the vertical block will be tightly fixed together. If the bolts are loosened a little, the cover block and the vertical block will be tightly fixed. The block is slightly loose.

The horizontal bottom block and the vertical block are formed in one piece, and there are two cover blocks. The two cover blocks are respectively located on the upper end surfaces of the two vertical blocks.

There are two first bearings. One (front) first bearing is located in the through hole formed by one of the (front) cover blocks and one of the (front) vertical blocks. The other (rear) first bearing is located in the other side. In the through hole formed by one (rear) cover block and another (rear) vertical block. Both front and rear ends of the outer frame are provided with longitudinal protruding shafts, one (front) first bearing is sleeved on one (front) longitudinally protruding shaft, and the other (rear) first bearing is sleeved on the other (rear) ) protrudes longitudinally onto the axis.

There are two second bearings, one (upper) second bearing is located at the upper part of the outer frame member, and the other (lower) second bearing is located at the lower part of the outer frame member. Both the upper and lower ends of the inner frame are provided with vertical protruding shafts, one (upper) second bearing is sleeved on one (upper) vertically protruding shaft, and the other (lower) second bearing is sleeved on the other (The lower one) projects vertically onto the axis. The first bearing and the second bearing are both shown in the figure.

The experimental device also includes a first spring that is sleeved on the longitudinal protruding shaft and a second spring that is sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft. One end of the first spring is fixed to the longitudinal protruding shaft, and the other end of the first spring is fixed to the vertical block. , one end of the second spring is fixed to the inner frame member, and the other end of the second spring is fixed to the outer frame member. Neither the first spring nor the second spring is shown in the figure. The first spring may be located in the through hole formed by the vertical block and the cover block, and the second spring may be located in the through hole of the outer frame member.

The experimental device also includes screws. The outer frame is provided with screw holes. The screws pass through the screw holes on the outer frame and resist the inner frame. After the screws pass through the outer frame and resist the inner frame, the inner frame It is no longer possible to rotate around the vertical protruding axis. The screws are not shown in the picture.

There are many ways to fix the I-beam on the inner frame. One way is: the experimental device also includes multiple spacers, multiple screws, and multiple nuts. Each screw goes through the upper part of the inner frame, the first pad, the horizontal part above the I-beam, the second pad, the third pad, the horizontal part below the I-beam, and The fourth spacer block and the lower part of the inner frame. The upper and lower end faces of the horizontal part of the I-beam are equipped with pads. The nuts are screwed on the screws and resist the end faces of the pads. Each screw is provided with multiple nuts, and the upper end face of the first pad is There are nuts. There is a nut on the lower end of the second pad. There is a nut on the upper end of the third pad. There is a nut on the lower end of the fourth pad. Through the nuts and pads, the I-beam can be fixed inside. on the frame.

A plurality of screws are arranged sequentially along the width direction (front and rear direction) of the inner frame. If the width of the horizontal part of the I-beam is relatively large, the screw is set slightly closer to the outer frame member, so that I-beams of different widths can be adapted.

There are multiple through holes on the I-beam, and the loading container is hung on the I-beam through ropes. The loading container is suspended in the middle of the I-beam.

This experimental device is used to provide various boundary constraints for I-beams. The different boundary constraints are provided by the supports: tighten or loosen the bolts on the cover block, then the outer frame cannot rotate or can rotate. ; Use screws to pass through the outer frame member and resist the inner frame member, so that the inner frame member cannot rotate relative to the outer frame member; the longitudinal protruding shaft and the vertical protruding shaft are respectively provided with a first spring and a second spring, and the outer frame can be set The first spring and the second spring with different stiffnesses correspond to different elasticities. That is, all boundary constraints are determined by whether the outer frame is rotated (i.e., in-plane hinged or in-plane fixed), whether the inner frame is rotated (i.e., out-of-plane hinged or out-of-plane fixed), the first spring Arrange and combine with the presence or absence of the second spring and the stiffness (ie, in-plane elastic connection or out-of-plane elastic connection) to form different boundary constraints. For example, a certain boundary constraint is: in-plane fixed connection, out-of-plane hinged connection , there is no first spring or second spring; for another example, another boundary constraint condition is: elastic connection within the plane, fixed connection outside the plane, there is a first spring, and springs with different stiffnesses can be replaced to achieve different elastic connections.

The working principle of this experimental device: fix the support on a certain platform, then fix the arched I-beam and the inner frame together, then hang the loading container on the I-beam, and the supply pump can supply the load container Liquid is supplied inside, which makes the loading container heavier and heavier, causing the I-beam to undergo greater and greater tensile forces. As the tensile force on the upwardly arched I-beam increases, the I-beam will slowly bend downward, that is, the arc of the arch becomes smaller and smaller. When the tensile force on the I-beam reaches a certain After a certain degree, the I-beam will bend outward. Outward bending means that the I-beam bends forward or backward with the center plane of the I-beam as the center. When the arc of the I-beam becomes smaller and smaller until the I-beam bends outward, other instruments can be used to record the relevant experimental data of the I-beam. The supports can be used to provide different boundary constraint conditions, and the experimental device can be used to study the in-plane stability problem or the out-of-plane (outward bending) stability problem of the specimen under different boundary constraint conditions.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, etc. may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention. All simplifications should be equivalent substitutions, and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An experimental device with a support for increasing the load of a specimen, characterized by: including a loading container suspended on the specimen, a supply container, a pipeline connecting the loading container and the supply container, and a supply pump arranged on the pipeline; The support includes a base block, a first bearing disposed in the base block, an outer frame member, an inner frame member located inside the outer frame member, and a second bearing disposed in the outer frame member; the outer frame member is provided with a longitudinal protruding shaft, The inner frame is provided with a vertically protruding shaft, the first bearing is sleeved on the longitudinally protruding shaft, and the second bearing is sleeved on the vertically protruding shaft; there are two supports, and one end of the specimen is fixed inside one of the supports. On the frame piece, the other end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame piece of another support; the base block includes a horizontal bottom block, two vertical blocks fixed on both ends of the horizontal bottom block, and a cover block located on the upper end of the vertical block; The block and the vertical block form a through hole for accommodating the first bearing, and the cover block is connected to the vertical block through bolts; the horizontal bottom block and the vertical block are integrally formed, and there are two cover blocks, and the two cover blocks are located on the two blocks respectively. The upper end surface of the vertical block; there are two first bearings, one first bearing is located in the through hole formed by one of the cover blocks and one of the vertical blocks, and the other first bearing is located in the through hole formed by the other cover block and the other vertical block. In the through hole; the front and rear ends of the outer frame are provided with longitudinal protruding shafts, a first bearing is sleeved on one of the longitudinal protruding shafts, and the other first bearing is sleeved on the other longitudinal protruding shaft; the second bearing has two One second bearing is located at the upper part of the outer frame member, and the other second bearing is located at the lower part of the outer frame member; the upper and lower ends of the inner frame member are provided with vertical protruding shafts, and a second bearing is sleeved in one of the vertical On the protruding shaft, another second bearing is sleeved on another vertically protruding shaft; the experimental device also includes a first spring sleeved on the longitudinally protruding shaft and a second spring sleeved on the vertically protruding shaft. The first spring One end is fixed to the longitudinal protruding shaft, the other end of the first spring is fixed to the vertical block, one end of the second spring is fixed to the inner frame member, and the other end of the second spring is fixed to the outer frame member. 2. An experimental device with a support for increasing the load of a specimen according to claim 1, characterized in that: the experimental device further includes screws, the outer frame is provided with screw holes, and the screws pass through the outer frame. screw holes and hold against the inner frame. 3. An experimental device with a support for increasing specimen load according to claim 1, characterized in that: both the inner frame member and the outer frame are in the shape of a square frame. 4. An experimental device with a support for increasing the load of a specimen according to claim 1, characterized in that the specimen is an arched I-beam. 5. An experimental device with a support for increasing the load of a specimen according to claim 4, characterized in that: the experimental device further includes a plurality of pads, a plurality of screws and a plurality of nuts; the screws penetrate the inner frame. , the horizontal part of the I-beam and the pad; the upper and lower end faces of the horizontal part of the I-beam are equipped with pads, and the nut is screwed on the screw and resists the end face of the pad. 6. An experimental device with a support for increasing specimen load according to claim 5, characterized in that a plurality of screws are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the inner frame member. 7. An experimental device with a support for increasing specimen load according to claim 4, characterized in that: the I-beam is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the loading container is suspended on the I-beam through ropes.