CN109406127B - Experimental device for increase test piece load with support - Google Patents
Experimental device for increase test piece load with support Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109406127B CN109406127B CN201811450150.7A CN201811450150A CN109406127B CN 109406127 B CN109406127 B CN 109406127B CN 201811450150 A CN201811450150 A CN 201811450150A CN 109406127 B CN109406127 B CN 109406127B
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- outer frame
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental device with a support for increasing the load of a test piece, which comprises a loading container, a supply container, a pipeline for connecting the loading container with the supply container, and a supply pump arranged on the pipeline, wherein the loading container is hung on the test piece; the support comprises a base block, a first bearing arranged in the base block, an outer frame piece, an inner frame piece positioned in the outer frame piece and a second bearing arranged in the outer frame piece; the outer frame member is provided with a longitudinal protruding shaft, the inner frame member is provided with a vertical protruding shaft, the first bearing is sleeved on the longitudinal protruding shaft, and the second bearing is sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft; the two supports are arranged, one end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame of one support, and the other end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame of the other support. The experimental device can carry out experiments under different boundary constraint conditions, and belongs to the technical field of test piece experimental devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of test piece experimental devices, in particular to an experimental device with a support for increasing test piece load.
Background
At present, the support is generally a constraint condition with only one boundary, so that in-plane stability problem or out-of-plane stability problem of a test piece under different boundary constraint conditions are required to be studied, different supports are required, the experimental cost is increased, the test piece is moved from one support to another support, the operation is inconvenient, the occupied area of a plurality of supports is large, the experimental cost is high, and the experimental operation is troublesome.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims at: the experimental device with the support for increasing the load of the test piece can conduct experiments under different boundary constraint conditions.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the experimental device with the support for increasing the load of the test piece comprises a loading container hung on the test piece, a supply container, a pipeline connecting the loading container with the supply container, and a supply pump arranged on the pipeline;
the support comprises a base block, a first bearing arranged in the base block, an outer frame piece, an inner frame piece positioned in the outer frame piece and a second bearing arranged in the outer frame piece; the outer frame member is provided with a longitudinal protruding shaft, the inner frame member is provided with a vertical protruding shaft, the first bearing is sleeved on the longitudinal protruding shaft, and the second bearing is sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft;
the two supports are arranged, one end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame of one support, and the other end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame of the other support.
Further is: the base block comprises a horizontal bottom block, two vertical blocks respectively fixed at two ends of the horizontal bottom block, and a cover block positioned at the upper end of the vertical block; the cover block and the vertical block form a through hole for accommodating the first bearing, and the cover block is connected to the vertical block through bolts.
Further is: the horizontal bottom block and the vertical blocks are integrally formed, two cover blocks are arranged, and the two cover blocks are respectively positioned on the upper end surfaces of the two vertical blocks;
the two first bearings are arranged, one first bearing is positioned in a through hole formed by one cover block and one upright block, and the other first bearing is positioned in a through hole formed by the other cover block and the other upright block; the two ends of the outer frame piece are provided with longitudinal protruding shafts, one first bearing is sleeved on one of the longitudinal protruding shafts, and the other first bearing is sleeved on the other longitudinal protruding shaft;
the two second bearings are arranged, one second bearing is arranged at the upper part of the outer frame member, and the other second bearing is arranged at the lower part of the outer frame member; the upper end and the lower end of the inner frame piece are respectively provided with a vertical protruding shaft, one second bearing is sleeved on one of the vertical protruding shafts, and the other second bearing is sleeved on the other vertical protruding shaft.
Further is: the experimental device further comprises a first spring sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft and a second spring sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft, one end of the first spring is fixed with the vertical protruding shaft, the other end of the first spring is fixed with the vertical block, one end of the second spring is fixed with the inner frame piece, and the other end of the second spring is fixed with the outer frame piece.
Further is: the experimental device further comprises screws, screw holes are formed in the outer frame piece, and the screws penetrate through the screw holes in the outer frame piece and prop against the inner frame piece.
Further is: the inner frame and the outer frame are square frame.
Further is: the test piece is arched I-steel.
Further is: the experimental device also comprises a plurality of cushion blocks, a plurality of screws and a plurality of nuts; the screw rod penetrates through the inner frame, the horizontal part of the I-steel and the cushion block; the upper end face and the lower end face of the I-steel horizontal part are respectively provided with a cushion block, and a nut is screwed on the screw rod and props against the end faces of the cushion blocks.
Further is: the plurality of screws are sequentially disposed along the width direction of the inner frame member.
Further is: the I-steel is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the loading container is hung on the I-steel through a rope.
In general, the invention has the following advantages:
in the invention, the support can be used for providing different boundary constraint conditions, and the experimental device can be used for researching the in-plane stability problem or the out-of-plane (outwards bending) stability problem of the test piece under the different boundary constraint conditions. The outer frame member may or may not rotate, the inner frame member may or may not rotate, and the first spring and the second spring may be provided. The invention has simple structure and strong practicability, and solves the problem that the test piece load experiment device can only provide one boundary constraint condition. The liquid is filled into the liquid tank through the supply pump, so that uniform loading is realized, uniform unloading can be realized, and loading and stopping of loading can be controlled at any time. When loading, the switch of the supply pump is pressed, liquid enters the suspended loading container from the supply container, the liquid is continuously increased at a constant speed, and the loading concentration force is continuously increased. A drain switch can be arranged at the bottom of the suspended loading container, so that uniform speed or speed-controlled unloading can be performed. The invention can realize different boundary conditions and adapt to test pieces with different types of cross sections and different sizes of cross sections.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the stand.
Fig. 3 is a left-hand cross-sectional view of the stand and cover pieces.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the outer frame member.
Fig. 5 is a left side view of the inner frame member.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
In order to facilitate the unified viewing of the various reference numerals within the drawings of the specification, the reference numerals appearing in the drawings of the specification are now collectively described as follows:
1 is a horizontal bottom block, 2 is a vertical block, 3 is a cover block, 4 is an outer frame member, 5 is a longitudinal protruding shaft, 6 is an inner frame member, 7 is a vertical protruding shaft, 8 is a nut, 9 is a cushion block, 10 is a screw, 11 is I-steel, 12 is a supply container, 13 is a pipeline, 14 is a loading container, and 15 is a supply pump.
For convenience of description, the following orientations will be described below: the vertical and horizontal directions described below are the same as those of fig. 1 itself, and the longitudinal directions described below are the same as those of fig. 2.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an experimental device for increasing load of a test piece with a support includes a loading container suspended on the test piece, a supply container, a pipeline connecting the loading container and the supply container, and a supply pump disposed on the pipeline. One end of the pipeline is connected to the loading container, the other end of the pipeline is connected to the supply container, and the supply pump can pump liquid in the supply container into the loading container, so that the test piece bears vertical downward pulling force, and then further experiments are carried out. The test piece is arched I-steel or a straight beam.
Referring to fig. 2, the support includes a base block, a first bearing provided in the base block, an outer frame member, an inner frame member provided in the outer frame member, and a second bearing provided in the outer frame member. The inner frame and the outer frame are square, the inner frame is smaller in size, the inner frame is placed inside the outer frame, and a gap is reserved between the inner frame and the outer frame. In combination with the illustration of fig. 4, the outer frame member is provided with a longitudinal protruding shaft, in combination with the illustration of fig. 5, the inner frame member is provided with a vertical protruding shaft, the first bearing is sleeved on the longitudinal protruding shaft, and the second bearing is sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, there are two holders, one end (left end) of the test piece is fixed to the inner frame member of one of the holders (left end), and the other end (right end) of the test piece is fixed to the inner frame member of the other holder (right end). The two supports are symmetrically arranged left and right.
Referring to fig. 2, the base block includes a horizontal bottom block, two vertical blocks fixed to the front and rear ends of the horizontal bottom block, and a cover block located on the upper end of the vertical block. One vertical block is positioned at the front end of the horizontal bottom block, the other vertical block is positioned at the rear end of the horizontal bottom block, and the upper end face of each vertical block is provided with a cover block. As shown in connection with fig. 3, the cover block and the stand block form a through hole for accommodating the first bearing, i.e. the first bearing is placed in the through hole. The cover block is connected to the vertical block through bolts, namely the bolts penetrate through the cover block and are screwed into the vertical block, the cover block and the vertical block are tightly fixed together when the bolts are screwed down a little, and the cover block and the vertical block are slightly loosened when the bolts are unscrewed a little.
The horizontal bottom block and the vertical blocks are integrally formed, two cover blocks are arranged, and the two cover blocks are respectively positioned on the upper end surfaces of the two vertical blocks.
The first bearings are two, one (front) first bearing is positioned in a through hole formed by one (front) cover block and one (front) vertical block, and the other (rear) first bearing is positioned in a through hole formed by the other (rear) cover block and the other (rear) vertical block. The front and rear ends of the outer frame member are provided with longitudinal protruding shafts, one (front) first bearing is sleeved on one (front) longitudinal protruding shaft, and the other (rear) first bearing is sleeved on the other (rear) longitudinal protruding shaft.
The second bearings are two, one (upper) second bearing is located at the upper portion of the outer frame member, and the other (lower) second bearing is located at the lower portion of the outer frame member. The upper and lower ends of the inner frame member are provided with vertical protruding shafts, one (upper) second bearing is sleeved on one (upper) vertical protruding shaft, and the other (lower) second bearing is sleeved on the other (lower) vertical protruding shaft. The first bearing and the second bearing are both drawn in the figures.
The experimental device further comprises a first spring sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft and a second spring sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft, one end of the first spring is fixed with the vertical protruding shaft, the other end of the first spring is fixed with the vertical block, one end of the second spring is fixed with the inner frame piece, and the other end of the second spring is fixed with the outer frame piece. Neither the first spring nor the second spring is shown in the figures. The first spring may be positioned in the through hole formed by the standing block and the cover block, and the second spring may be positioned in the through hole of the outer frame member.
The experimental device further comprises screws, screw holes are formed in the outer frame piece, the screws penetrate through the screw holes in the outer frame piece and prop against the inner frame piece, and after the screws penetrate through the outer frame piece and prop against the inner frame piece, the inner frame piece cannot rotate by taking the vertical protruding shaft as an axis. None of the screws are shown in the figures.
There are many ways in which the I-steel is fixed to the inner frame member, one way is: the experimental device further comprises a plurality of cushion blocks, a plurality of screws and a plurality of nuts. Each screw rod sequentially penetrates through the upper part of the inner frame, the first cushion block, the horizontal part on the upper side of the I-steel, the second cushion block, the third cushion block, the horizontal part on the lower side of the I-steel, the fourth cushion block and the lower part of the inner frame from top to bottom. The upper end face and the lower end face of the I-steel horizontal part are respectively provided with a cushion block, the nuts are screwed on the screw rods and prop against the end faces of the cushion blocks, each screw rod is provided with a plurality of nuts, the upper end face of the first cushion block is provided with a nut, the lower end face of the second cushion block is provided with a nut, the upper end face of the third cushion block is provided with a nut, the lower end face of the fourth cushion block is provided with a nut, and the I-steel can be fixed on the inner frame part through the nuts and the cushion blocks.
The plurality of screws are disposed in order along the width direction (front-rear direction) of the inner frame member. If the width of the horizontal part of the I-steel is larger, the screw is slightly arranged at a place close to the outer frame member, so that the I-steel with different widths can be adapted.
The I-steel is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the loading container is hung on the I-steel through a rope. The loading container is hung on the middle position of the I-steel.
The experimental device is used for providing various boundary constraint conditions for the I-steel, and the different boundary constraint conditions are provided by the support: tightening or loosening the bolts on the cover block, the outer frame member cannot be rotated or can be rotated; the screws penetrate through the outer frame member and prop against the inner frame member, so that the inner frame member cannot rotate relative to the outer frame member; the first springs and the second springs are respectively arranged on the longitudinal protruding shaft and the vertical protruding shaft, and the elasticity of the rotation of the outer frame piece and the elasticity of the rotation of the inner frame piece can be set, and the first springs and the second springs with different rigidities correspond to different elasticity. That is, all the boundary constraints are arranged and combined by the rotation or not (i.e. in-plane hinge or in-plane fixation) of the outer frame member, the rotation or not (i.e. out-of-plane hinge or out-of-plane fixation) of the inner frame member, the presence or not of the first spring and the second spring, and the stiffness (i.e. in-plane elastic connection or out-of-plane elastic connection), so as to form different boundary constraints, for example, a certain boundary constraint is: the first spring and the second spring are not arranged in the plane fixedly connected with the outside of the plane; for another example, another boundary constraint is: the elastic connection in the plane is realized, the external fixation is realized, the first spring is arranged, and the springs with different rigidity can be replaced to realize different elastic connection.
The working principle of the experimental device is as follows: the support is fixed on a certain platform, then the arched I-steel and the inner frame are fixed together, then the loading container is hung on the I-steel, and the supply pump can supply liquid into the loading container, so that the loading container is heavier and heavier, and the tension applied to the I-steel is larger and heavier. In the process that the tension force of the I-steel arched upwards is larger and larger, the I-steel can be bent downwards slowly, namely the arc degree of the arch is smaller and smaller, and after the tension force of the I-steel reaches a certain degree, the I-steel can be bent outwards, namely the I-steel is bent forwards or backwards by taking the central plane of the I-steel as the center. In the process that the arc radian of the I-steel is smaller and smaller until the I-steel is outwards bent, other instruments can be used for recording relevant experimental data of the I-steel. The support can be used to provide different boundary constraints and the experimental setup can be used to study the in-plane stability problem or out-of-plane (bending-out) stability problem of the test piece under the different boundary constraints.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Experimental device for increase test piece load with support, its characterized in that: the device comprises a loading container hung on a test piece, a supply container, a pipeline connecting the loading container and the supply container, and a supply pump arranged on the pipeline; the support comprises a base block, a first bearing arranged in the base block, an outer frame piece, an inner frame piece positioned in the outer frame piece and a second bearing arranged in the outer frame piece; the outer frame member is provided with a longitudinal protruding shaft, the inner frame member is provided with a vertical protruding shaft, the first bearing is sleeved on the longitudinal protruding shaft, and the second bearing is sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft; the two supports are arranged, one end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame member of one support, and the other end of the test piece is fixed on the inner frame member of the other support; the base block comprises a horizontal bottom block, two vertical blocks respectively fixed at two ends of the horizontal bottom block, and a cover block positioned at the upper end of the vertical block; the cover block and the vertical block form a through hole for accommodating the first bearing, and the cover block is connected to the vertical block through bolts; the horizontal bottom block and the vertical blocks are integrally formed, two cover blocks are arranged, and the two cover blocks are respectively positioned on the upper end surfaces of the two vertical blocks; the two first bearings are arranged, one first bearing is positioned in a through hole formed by one cover block and one upright block, and the other first bearing is positioned in a through hole formed by the other cover block and the other upright block; the front end and the rear end of the outer frame piece are respectively provided with a longitudinal protruding shaft, one first bearing is sleeved on one of the longitudinal protruding shafts, and the other first bearing is sleeved on the other longitudinal protruding shaft; the two second bearings are arranged, one second bearing is arranged at the upper part of the outer frame member, and the other second bearing is arranged at the lower part of the outer frame member; the upper end and the lower end of the inner frame piece are respectively provided with a vertical protruding shaft, one second bearing is sleeved on one of the vertical protruding shafts, and the other second bearing is sleeved on the other vertical protruding shaft; the experimental device further comprises a first spring sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft and a second spring sleeved on the vertical protruding shaft, one end of the first spring is fixed with the vertical protruding shaft, the other end of the first spring is fixed with the vertical block, one end of the second spring is fixed with the inner frame piece, and the other end of the second spring is fixed with the outer frame piece.
2. An experimental apparatus for increasing test piece load with support according to claim 1, wherein: the experimental device further comprises screws, screw holes are formed in the outer frame piece, and the screws penetrate through the screw holes in the outer frame piece and prop against the inner frame piece.
3. An experimental apparatus for increasing test piece load with support according to claim 1, wherein: the inner frame and the outer frame are square frame.
4. An experimental apparatus for increasing test piece load with support according to claim 1, wherein: the test piece is arched I-steel.
5. An experimental apparatus for increasing test piece loading with a stand according to claim 4, wherein: the experimental device also comprises a plurality of cushion blocks, a plurality of screws and a plurality of nuts; the screw rod penetrates through the inner frame, the horizontal part of the I-steel and the cushion block; the upper end face and the lower end face of the I-steel horizontal part are respectively provided with a cushion block, and a nut is screwed on the screw rod and props against the end faces of the cushion blocks.
6. An experimental apparatus for increasing test piece loading with a stand according to claim 5, wherein: the plurality of screws are sequentially disposed along the width direction of the inner frame member.
7. An experimental apparatus for increasing test piece loading with a stand according to claim 4, wherein: the I-steel is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the loading container is hung on the I-steel through a rope.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811450150.7A CN109406127B (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | Experimental device for increase test piece load with support |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811450150.7A CN109406127B (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | Experimental device for increase test piece load with support |
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| CN109406127A CN109406127A (en) | 2019-03-01 |
| CN109406127B true CN109406127B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110608907A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-24 | 广州大学 | Support for providing in-plane or out-of-plane elastic torsion restraint and experimental device comprising same |
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