CN101306767A - Intellectualized rapid quantitative loading process for automobile and loading station - Google Patents
Intellectualized rapid quantitative loading process for automobile and loading station Download PDFInfo
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- CN101306767A CN101306767A CNA2007101069822A CN200710106982A CN101306767A CN 101306767 A CN101306767 A CN 101306767A CN A2007101069822 A CNA2007101069822 A CN A2007101069822A CN 200710106982 A CN200710106982 A CN 200710106982A CN 101306767 A CN101306767 A CN 101306767A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent rapid and quantitative vehicle loading method and a vehicle loading station thereof, particularly to a vehicle loading method including material supplying from a bucker, material metering and vehicle loading, and a vehicle loading station thereof. The inventive method uses firstly metering and then vehicle loading processes and arranges a telescopic vehicle loading chute to be suitable for various vehicles and different loading capacity requirements, and the method can achieve the purpose of accurate and quick loading. The inventive vehicle loading station comprises a storage bin, a storage bin compounding gate, a quantifying bin, a quantifying bin discharge gate, a weighing device and the telescopic vehicle loading chute. During the vehicle loading process, a plurality of selection nodes are used, so that the intelligent quantitative vehicle loading station can be suitable for various complex loading requirements, and the loading capacity can be modified even after the quantifying bin has been loaded and metered. Such arrangement is very suitable for various complex commercial requirements. By using the telescopic vehicle loading chute, the vehicle loading station can be suitable for various vehicles with different sizes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading method and loading station, it is a kind of loading station that loads method and this method of use of loose unpacked material, being a kind of from feed bin supply, metering material, loading vehicles, mainly is method and the loading station that loads automobile.
Background technology
Road transport is compared convenience, flexible with other transportation modes, it is one of important step of coal mining enterprise (particularly for the relatively nervous colliery of train railway carriage) production and selling, no matter be at state-owned large-scale mine or local medium scale mine, the coal by road transport all occupies very big proportion.In recent years when the railway Coal Transport meets with " shortage of explosive type transport power ", " growth of explosive type transport power " then appearred in the highway Coal Transport, and automotive is evolved to and Railway transportation shoulder to shoulder the Coal Transport main force mutually with useful replenishing by effective channel of original Coal Transport.The fast development of highway automotive coal has been made contribution obvious to all for the 'bottleneck' restrictions of alleviating the coal in China transport power, the quick emergence of automotive coal, just impacting and changing the existing general layout of coal land transport, promote the high speed development of its each link technology, especially coal automobile loading and measurement technology.Fast development along with coal industry, entrucking accuracy requirement to on-highway motor vehicle is more and more higher, therefore, need further perfect to present on-highway motor vehicle truck-loading facilities, for the railway Coal Transport, the link that road transport relates to is more, all corresponding independent client of each automobile, carrier, driver, weighman etc.The entrucking mode of non-quantitative is generally adopted in colliery on-highway motor vehicle entrucking both domestic and external at present, adopt forklift or belt lace entrucking mostly, loading speed is very slow, efficient is low, usually can see around the colliery and a lot of automobiles be arranged in queuing, after having adorned, carry out the truck scale Weighing again, entrucking precision and weighing precision can't satisfy the demand for development of highway entrucking.Both advanced the ore deposit automobile earlier through truck scale metering weight when empty, gone entrucking then, after entrucking is finished, to truck scale, measured again, and subtracted each other with weight when empty and draw institute's coal capacity.Because the personnel that entrucking metering transportation participates in are numerous, are difficult to control sometimes.Coal mining enterprise all has huge amounts of material to pass in and out by highway every day, mostly need truck scale to measure, because the weighbridge chamber is located at the import and export of enterprise mostly, away from supervisory management zone, weigher's work can not get the actv. monitoring, and list is filled out in a large amount of craft every day and evaluation work very easily makes a mistake, and these problems do not solve and will bring the tremendous economic loss to enterprise.Thereby coal mining enterprise must possess perfect colliery road transport metering management system.The possibility of the artificial cheating of the various links of various forms increases, manual errors such as operating personal distraction is also inevitable in addition, the efficient of Weighing also can not get guaranteeing, the whether accurate economic interests of related fields and the prestige of enterprise of directly influencing of its metering, it is to reduce coal mining enterprise to greatest extent to measure one of important means of the benefit loss that causes because of entrucking that the intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading system is installed, and also is one of important means that improves Coal Production efficient.New " People's Republic of China's road law " carried out; for strengthening the management to the overload transport vehicle, protection national highway property is further administered; the arrangement and the standard over-the-road transportation order of the market economy make that the intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading system is more significant.
The quantifying and loading of loose unpacked material uses in the process of loaded train railway carriage in a large number, the quantifying and loading method of train railway carriage is earlier material to be placed in the very high storage bin, the weight of material metering is carried out in a quantitative storehouse of when needing the material in the storage bin being put into below the storage bin, and the discharging opening of material below quantitative storehouse packed into the railway carriage below the quantitative storehouse after metering.Because the flow process of material all is to utilize gravity to carry out,, can reach quantifying and loading effect fast, accurately as long as arrangement is proper.The characteristics of train quantifying and loading are that railway carriage profile size is fixing, and capacity is fixed, so the metering difficulty is little, loading station height, size are determined easily.If make in this way to the lorry loading loose unpacked material, will produce two problems: at first, the size shape of automobile is fixing, must adapt to the loading of various vehicles; Secondly, because the volume difference of vehicle, and the complexity of sales situation, loading process adapts to the requirement of various different carrying capacitys.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading method and loading station, abandoning tradition loads the method for the employed empty wagons excess vol of automobile weighing apparatus-loading-full car excess vol weighing apparatus fully, with the method transformation of loaded train railway carriage, make it to become the method that adapts to automobile loading.The present invention adapts to various vehicles and adapts to the method that various different carrying capacitys require by using a cover, and use and measure earlier the technology of afterwards adorning automobile, and the method that increases flexible loading chute, adapt to the entrucking of various vehicles, reach accurately, fast the effect of entrucking.
The present invention is achieved in that intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading method comprises: storage bin, storage bin batching gate, quantitative storehouse, quantitative storehouse discharge gate, weighting apparatus, flexible loading chute, and described step:
Start loading process, enter initial condition;
Whether weighting apparatus detects material in the quantitative storehouse, promptly measure its quantity if any material;
Entrucking material quantity is treated in input to system;
Open storage bin batching gate, material is imported quantitative storehouse, weighting apparatus carries out the dynamic increment metering to material;
The material input reach treat the entrucking inventory or quantitatively the storehouse fill, close the storage bin gate;
Weighting apparatus carries out static accurate measurement to the material in the quantitative storehouse;
Be loaded vehicle and enter the loading parking stall, flexible loading chute is stretched to by entrucking compartment ledge height;
Open quantitative storehouse discharge gate, unload in being loaded vehicle and put material, weighting apparatus carries out dynamic decrement metering to material;
Be divided into according to unloading material situation different step:
A. reach and treat the entrucking inventory, close quantitative storehouse discharge gate;
Weighting apparatus carries out static accurate measurement to the leftover materials in the quantitative storehouse;
B. quantitatively unstow in the storehouse, treats the entrucking inventory if reach, and closes quantitative storehouse discharge gate and enter next step, do not treat the entrucking inventory if reach, and closes quantitative storehouse discharge gate, gets back to and open storage bin batching gate, material imported the step in quantitative storehouse;
Flexible loading chute withdrawal is loaded vehicle and leaves the loading position, and loading process is got back to initial condition.
Intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading station, comprise main backstop as the loading station main body, be installed with the barrel-shaped storage bin that the material end opening goes out material of going into suitable for reading in the top of main backstop, bottom discharge mouth at storage bin is equipped with storage bin batching gate, it below storage bin the barrel-shaped quantitative storehouse that the material end opening goes out material of going into suitable for reading, quantitatively the storehouse is installed on the main backstop by quantitative bin bracket, in that quantitatively bin bracket and main backstop junction are equipped with the LOAD CELLS of weighting apparatus, quantitatively at least one feeding mouth in storehouse is aimed at least one batching gate of storage bin, quantitatively the discharging opening in storehouse is equipped with quantitative storehouse discharge gate, being equipped with suitable for reading below quantitative storehouse is to be the flexible loading chute that the material mouth into material mouth end opening, described flexible loading chute is fixed on the main backstop, the material mouth of going into of flexible loading chute is aimed at quantitative storehouse discharge gate, control the Computer Control Unit of whole entrucking process and weighting apparatus and hydraulic efficiency gear and be electrically connected, hydraulic efficiency gear and storage bin batching gate, quantitative storehouse discharge gate, flexible loading chute connects by hydraulic tubing.
Described flexible loading chute comprises: as the interior chute of flexible loading chute main body, described in chute be about the identical barrel-shaped body of bore, it is suitable for reading by being bolted on the main backstop, outside interior chute, be set with similar to interior chute shape and be slightly larger than in chute outside chute barrel-shaped, interior chute drives outer chute with outer chute by at least two tools and is connected along the elevating ram that interior chute slides up and down, elevating ram one end is fixed on interior chute top, and the other end is fixed on the lower end of outer chute; A plurality of rollers that can roll on guide rail are installed on the chute outside, and described guide rail is fixed on the interior chute; An interior chute side suitable for reading be equipped with prevent outside the chute latching device that glides voluntarily when not working of chute; Relative both sides, the lower end of chute are equipped with and prevent the chute anticollision device that clashed into by the compartment ledge outside.The groove slide latching device of described flexible loading chute, comprise the set pin hook on the mounted in pairs chute, be formed with the pin-and-hole that can penetrate removable pin on the described set pin hook, the pin-and-hole of two set pin hooks is coaxial, formation one can penetrate the slit of removable pin hook between the two set pin hooks, described removable pin hook fixedly mounts outside on the chute, and forming one on the removable pin hook can be by the pin-and-hole of removable pin, in the locking cylinder that drives the removable pin motion is fixedly mounted on the chute.The chute anticollision device of described flexible loading chute, comprise the crashproof bearing that fixedly mounts on the chute outside, one rotating shaft is arranged on crashproof bearing, with the rotating shaft is the crash bar that fulcrum has a lever shape, the short arm of force at the crash bar of lever shape is equipped with obstacle avoidance sensor with outer chute contact point, is equipped with to keep crash bar and lack the torsion spring that the arm of force contacts with obstacle avoidance sensor in rotating shaft.
The good effect that the present invention produced: intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading method proposed by the invention is applied in the control program at intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading station, by using a plurality of selection nodes, make intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading station can adapt to the entrucking requirement of various complexity, even if also can revise the loading of freight waggon behind the load measurement in quantitative storehouse, this adapts to the commerce needs of various complexity very much.
The present invention can adapt to the vehicle of size of all sizes, no matter be that large-scale tens tons to up to a hundred tons vehicle or several tons to more than ten tons vehicle all can reach satisfied loading effect by using flexible loading chute.The application of anticollision device can make automobilist's vehicle ledge when casual moving ahead hit before flexible loading chute, and flexible loading chute is regained fast, avoids with bad.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the operational process scheme drawing of intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading method;
Fig. 2 is the overall structure scheme drawing at intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading station;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of flexible loading chute;
Fig. 4 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 5 for the structural representation of the latching device of flexible loading chute;
Fig. 5 is the latching device left view of flexible loading chute;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the anticollision device of flexible loading chute;
Fig. 7 is the anticollision device left view of flexible loading chute, and the B that is Fig. 6 is to view.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
Present embodiment is the specific embodiment of intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading method, and Fig. 1 is the operational process scheme drawing of present embodiment.The hardware that present embodiment relates to comprises: storage bin, storage bin batching gate, quantitative storehouse, quantitative storehouse discharge gate, weighting apparatus, flexible loading chute, its installation site as shown in Figure 2.The whole service process is as follows:
Start loading process, enter initial condition.Initial condition is the initial initial point of whole process, and before entering initial condition, whether the each several part that system can automatic checkout equipment is normal, to regular the calibrating of weighting apparatus, then enters initial condition after all are normal according to the time gap of prior setting.
Whether weighting apparatus detects material in the quantitative storehouse, promptly measure its quantity if any material.This step is very important in continuous loading process, because the inventory that tends to occur in the quantitative storehouse in the loading process of complexity is answered cargo-carring amount above waiting to load vehicle, so just must adorn some and stay, quantitatively in the storehouse remaining material often be arranged, must measure.
Entrucking material quantity is treated in input to system.This step is to inform how many materials that the computer control system plan is removed stage makeup and costume to vehicle to be loaded has, so that computer system is determined following operating procedure.
Open storage bin batching gate, material is imported quantitative storehouse, weighting apparatus carries out the dynamic increment metering to material.This step is that storage bin begins to quantitative storehouse convey materials, weighting apparatus also begins the material of weighing input simultaneously in course of conveying, result according to weighing, by the gradient closed shutter, progressively slow down feeding, in the hope of reaching the purpose of accurate feed proportioning, promptly close storage bin batching gate in case reach scheduled volume.
The material input reach treat the entrucking inventory or quantitatively the storehouse fill, close the storage bin gate.This step has comprised three kinds of situations: a kind of is to treat the capacity of the loading of freight waggon less than quantitative storehouse, and then quantitative storehouse is not filled and just stopped to have adorned material; Second kind of situation is to treat that the loading of freight waggon equals the capacity in quantitative storehouse, and then quantitative storehouse is filled and stopped to adorn material; The third situation is to treat the loading of freight waggon greater than the quantitative capacity in storehouse, and then quantitatively the storehouse is filled and stopped to adorn material, treat quantitative storehouse unstow after load measurement again so that reach the loading of freight waggon for the treatment of of expectation.
Weighting apparatus carries out static accurate measurement to the material in the quantitative storehouse.Because the weighing in loading process can only be used for accurate feed proportioning.This weighing commercial be to be nowhere near, so must carry out static metering, just can reach the measurement standard of trade settlement.
Be loaded vehicle and enter the loading parking stall, flexible loading chute is stretched to by entrucking compartment ledge height.Because the size dimension difference of automobile, height are also different.And the method from the top loaded material that present embodiment adopts, for adapt to the open height that goes out that large-sized automobile then improves quantitative storehouse as far as possible, if the too high meeting of delivery port directly influences loading quality for small-sized vehicle, therefore be provided with flexible loading chute specially, quantitatively the discharging opening in storehouse is fixed, extended flexible mouth is changeable, no matter the final material outlet of vehicle size all extends to the ledge of automobile bodies, ledge is the backplate of holding up around the transport truck compartment.
Open quantitative storehouse discharge gate, unload in being loaded vehicle and put material, weighting apparatus carries out dynamic decrement metering to material.In being loaded vehicle, unload when putting material after quantitatively the storehouse discharge gate is opened and also will monitor unloading the material process, reason is the complexity in loaded material, imported computing machine though plan quantitative loading sometimes, but running modification carrying capacity, or the vehicle that enters is not calculated vehicle, carrying capacity changes, and present embodiment can be dealt with, and changes to be embodied in following steps.
Be divided into two kinds of situations of a, b according to unloading material situation different step:
A. reach and treat the entrucking inventory, close quantitative storehouse discharge gate.When plan changed, former carrying capacity was just closed quantitative storehouse discharge gate greater than answering carrying capacity when then quantitatively material is unloaded in the storehouse to requirement.
Weighting apparatus carries out static accurate measurement to the leftover materials in the quantitative storehouse.At this moment metering is in order to calculate the loading of freight waggon, because quantitatively the storehouse is unloaded material amount before and has been passed through accurate measurement, be known quantity, as long as the leftover materials amount in the quantitative storehouse of accurate measurement just can accurately calculate the loading of freight waggon, to reach the precision of trade settlement.
B. quantitatively unstow in the storehouse, treats the entrucking inventory if reach, and closes quantitative storehouse discharge gate and enter next step, do not treat the entrucking inventory if reach, and closes quantitative storehouse discharge gate, gets back to and open storage bin batching gate, material imported the step in quantitative storehouse.If unstow quantitative storehouse according to plan, reach and answer the loading of freight waggon, unstowing is normal program, illustrates and has loaded vehicle according to plan, answers carrying capacity if all unstow also not reach in still quantitative storehouse, will get back to the step in the quantitative storehouse of reloading, and remaining amount dress is neat.
Flexible loading chute withdrawal is loaded vehicle and leaves the loading position, and loading process is got back to initial condition.This step is to load to reach to answer carrying capacity, and flexible loading chute is withdrawn into the initial position, and loading process is got back to initial condition, can carry out next round and load.
Present embodiment has three selected elements, can tackle the entrucking situation of various complexity effectively.The intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading system integrates the high-tech project of the pioneering technology of coal shipping systems such as machinery, hydraulic pressure, monitoring, belongs to the advanced large-scale measurement instrument category of mechanical-electrical-hydraulic integration.It is based on the principle of work of large-scale bunker scale, the load-carrying of pressing car in quantitative storehouse is in advance loaded, and automobile back in place is by gate and discharge chute control, to the compartment fast discharging, realizing once quantifying and loading quick and precisely, is the most advanced at present coal and large loose unpacked material automobile loading mode.
Present embodiment mainly is made up of steel structure pylon, entrucking mechanical equipment, weighing system, hydraulic efficiency pressure system, electric-control system and computer software etc.Characteristics are:
(1) adopt large-scale measure hopper scale to realize a quantifying and loading;
(2) the big dilatability dress of special-purpose hydraulic control automobile chute satisfies different automotive type entrucking requirements;
(3) weighing precision reaches the trade settlement requirement;
(4) the quick Distribution Warehouse of servocontrolled, entrucking gate;
(5) according to the different vehicle realization batchings and the automatic guidance of blowing;
(6) the high reliability hydraulic efficiency pressure system of double pump double-motor backup provides power for the total system mechanical equipment;
(7) adopt metering back entrucking earlier, or the dress automobile mode of the entrucking while measuring, the accuracy and the speed of entrucking improved greatly;
(8) the entrucking metering is once finished, and reduces the link of dress automobile, has played to subtract the purpose that the people puies forward effect.
Actual entrucking technological process is as follows:
After automobile to be installed arrives under the loading bunker, start the initial static software for calculation, determine the coal amount, batching bulkhgead gate below the unlatching cement concrete storehouse, coal is put to quantitative storehouse, measure in real time by the LOAD CELLS that settle in quantitative storehouse, when reaching predetermined coal amount, close the batching gate below the cement concrete storehouse, realize that static state accurately weighs, pack in the compartment, with quantitative first material first truck body of packing into by the vertical telescopic loading chute under the quantitative storehouse, by the lip of chute coal is wipeed off simultaneously, formed trapezoidal accumulation.After having adorned first railway carriage, closed shutter; Meanwhile, the dustless bulkhgead gate of double-vane sliding hydraulic below the cement concrete storehouse is opened automatically and is carried out the batching weighing cycle operation second time.Quantitatively finish, the next one treats that the entrucking vehicle enters the entrucking position, opens the dustless bulkhgead gate of double-vane sliding hydraulic under the quantitative storehouse, loads second truck body ... cycle operation so continuously.Every dress finishes a car, and chopping machine can be got the list of loaded wagons of data such as clean coal weight immediately.
Present embodiment is mainly used in the automobile loading in the road transport of big-and-middle-sized colliery, also is suitable for the automobile loading system of the loose unpacked material of all kinds of employing road transports such as metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials.
Embodiment two:
Present embodiment is the intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading station of realizing the described method of embodiment, and structure as shown in Figure 2.Present embodiment comprises the main backstop 1 as the loading station main body, main backstop is the main body at intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading station, it can be steel structure, it also can be reinforced concrete structure, solid foundation structure ground is in other words arranged, be similar to the building that to build on the spot, but basic structure uses the framing member of standard to constitute.Employed in the present embodiment is the steel structure main backstop.Be installed with the barrel-shaped storage bin 2 that the material end opening goes out material of going into suitable for reading in the top of main backstop, this storage bin can be that steel structure can be a reinforced concrete structure also, the concrete structure that uses in the present embodiment.Storage bin top is straight barrel type, and lower part is the awl barrel shape, is similar to the shape of funnel, is convenient to the conveying of material.The cross sectional shape of storage bin can be that circle also can be square or other shapes, generally uses the circle of economical with materials.At the bottom discharge mouth of storage bin storage bin batching gate 3 is installed, this gate is the hydraulic-driven gate, can be set to the form of two or multi-disc gate as required.Be the barrel-shaped quantitative storehouse 4 that the material end opening goes out material of going into suitable for reading below storage bin, quantitatively the storehouse be straight bucket bottom, a top awl barrel as storage bin also.Quantitatively the storehouse is not directly to be fixedly mounted on the main backstop, but is installed on the main backstop by quantitative bin bracket 5.Because quantitatively the storehouse is the weight that is used for measuring material, is equivalent to a huge electronic scales, thus must float on the LOAD CELLS as the title chessboard of electronic scales, so in that quantitatively bin bracket and main backstop junction are equipped with the LOAD CELLS 6 of weighting apparatus.Quantitatively the feeding mouth in storehouse is aimed at storage bin batching gate, and just quantitatively the feeding mouth in storehouse is caught the material that flows out from storage bin below storage bin batching gate.Quantitatively the discharging opening in storehouse is equipped with quantitative storehouse discharge gate 7, and this gate is all hydraulically powered gate.Being equipped with suitable for reading below quantitative storehouse is to be the flexible loading chute 8 that the material mouth into material mouth end opening, described flexible loading chute is fixed on the main backstop, the material mouth of going into of flexible loading chute is aimed at quantitative storehouse discharge gate, and this is the critical component of present embodiment.
Flexible loading chute as shown in Figure 3, comprise: as the interior chute 82 of flexible loading chute main body, described in chute be about the identical barrel-shaped body of bore, it is suitable for reading by being bolted on the main backstop, outside interior chute, be set with similar to interior chute shape and be slightly larger than in chute 85 outside chute barrel-shaped, interior chute drives outer chute with outer chute by at least two tools and is connected along the elevating ram 84 that interior chute slides up and down, elevating ram one end is fixed on interior chute top, and the other end is fixed on the lower end of outer chute.A plurality of rollers 83 that can roll on guide rail 86 are installed on the chute outside, and described guide rail is fixed on the interior chute.An interior chute side suitable for reading be equipped with prevent outside the chute latching device 81 that glides voluntarily when not working of chute.Relative both sides, the lower end of chute are equipped with and prevent the chute anticollision device 87 that clashed into by the compartment ledge outside.
On the structure of flexible loading chute as can be seen, the outer chute of the initial position of flexible loading chute is withdrawn fully, withdrawal is also kept the elevating ram of retracted mode, entire equipment is not under the service condition, under the effect of gravity, elevating ram is subjected to downward pulling force, and perfect condition should be that elevating ram keeps transfixion.But actual conditions can not reach the static state of elevating ram, the leakage part of any part can cause oil cylinder can't keep the state of withdrawing fully in the oil circuit, just outer chute can not keep the state of withdrawing fully, a device must be arranged when equipment is not worked, interior chute is maintained the state of withdrawal fully.The chute latching device of flexible loading chute promptly plays this effect.Groove slide latching device, as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, comprise the set pin hook 814 on the mounted in pairs chute, be formed with the pin-and-hole that can penetrate removable pin 812 on this set pin hook, the pin-and-hole of two set pin hooks is coaxial, forms a slit that can penetrate removable pin hook 813 between the two set pin hooks, and described removable pin hook fixedly mounts outside on the chute, forming one on the removable pin hook can be by the pin-and-hole of removable pin, and the locking cylinder 811 that drives the removable pin motion is fixedly mounted on the interior chute.
The working process of latching device is: in loading station work, locking cylinder is in the initial position of withdrawing fully, the removable pin hook slit between two set pin hooks that is free to come in and go out, when outside the needs locking chute time, elevating ram is withdrawn into the initial position, outer chute is also got back to initial position topmost, at this moment the pin-and-hole on the removable pin hook reaches the position coaxial with the pin-and-hole of two set pin hooks, at this moment locking cylinder startup drives removable pin and travels forward, when locking cylinder reaches range, removable pin just in time is through in three pin-and-holes of two set pins and removable pin, outer chute has hung on the set pin hook by removable pin hook and removable pin, plays the effect of the outer chute of locking.
Because flexible loading chute must be deep into the position very approaching with the compartment in work, very easy ledge by vehicle breaks, so anticollision device must be installed.The chute anticollision device of flexible loading chute, as Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, comprise the crashproof bearing 871 that fixedly mounts on the chute outside, one rotating shaft 874 is arranged on crashproof bearing, with the rotating shaft is the crash bar 873 that fulcrum has a lever shape, and this crash bar is actual to be the door font that the long arm of force of two levers links together.Contact point at the short arm of force 8731 of the crash bar of lever shape and outer chute is equipped with obstacle avoidance sensor, is equipped with to keep crash bar and lack the torsion spring 872 that the arm of force contacts with obstacle avoidance sensor in rotating shaft.
The working process of anticollision device is: under the effect of torsion spring, the short arm of force of crash bar is pressed on the obstacle avoidance sensor under normal conditions, long arm of force perk.When the vehicle ledge touches the long arm of force of crash bar of perk, crash bar makes the rotating shaft rotation into fulcrum, the torsion spring is compressed, the short arm of force of crash bar lifts, make the obstacle avoidance sensor action, send signalisation elevating ram fast lifting, make outer chute fast retractile, prevent to be broken, played crash-proof effect by the vehicle ledge.
Control the Computer Control Unit of whole entrucking process and weighting apparatus and hydraulic efficiency gear and be electrically connected, hydraulic efficiency gear is with storage bin batching gate, quantitatively storehouse discharge gate, flexible loading chute are connected by hydraulic tubing.The working process of whole loading station such as embodiment one description.Also having in actual loading station below many accessory equipments is the example of an actual loading station.
Divide into 45 tons of quantitative storehouses of a capacity at the storage bin of 15 meters of diameters, be used for the Weighing of automobile loading, below each cement concrete storage bin, establish the accurate dosing that 4 hydraulic pressure batching bulkhgead gates are used for quantitative storehouse coal amount; A vertical telescopic loading chute is used for automobile loading, and when this flexible chute is regained 4.8 meters apart from ground, when stretching out fully 4 meters apart from ground; When considering entrucking short car might be arranged, loading chute is reserved framework and is linked to each other with the belt tube; The counterweight device is used for regularly quantitative storehouse being proofreaied and correct; Gaseous emission when 3 freeing pipes of system configuration are used for quantitative storehouse blanking.
The intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading system mainly (comprises quantitative storehouse by steel structure, freeing pipe, connecting device etc.), the entrucking mechanical equipment (comprises the batching gate, discharge gate, vertical chute etc.), weighing system (comprises the LOAD CELLS assembly, weighing instrument, demarcate counterweight etc.), hydraulic efficiency pressure system (comprises hydraulic power unit, the valve station, control cock, hydraulic ram, hydraulic tubing, heating and cooling system etc.), electric-control system (switching arrangement, central control system, monitoring and controlling system), software system (comprising entrucking metering control system software and metrological management software etc.) are formed.
The quantitative weighing entrucking is used for accurate quantifying and loading; The entrucking mechanical equipment is used to control entrucking coal stream; Hydraulic efficiency pressure system provides power for various mechanical equipments; Electric-control system is used for monitoring of loading system all devices and automatic guidance.
1, installs on the main backstop steel structure
(1) quantitative storehouse (1)
Quantitatively the storehouse is installed on the pressure sensor of four pin-point accuracys, quantitatively the effective capacity in storehouse is 45 tons, be terrace with edge shape funnel structure, the thick abrasion-proof backing block of 16Mn, 10mm is adopted at the position that contacts with material (coal), be connected with the base plate plug welding with φ 25mm plug welding hole, jigsaw seam 6mm and base plate welding, the welding wire material is identical with base plate, to increase the service life.Quantitatively connect the surge bunker discharge gate on the storehouse, connecing quantitative storehouse splits the dustless gate of flat slip down, three freeing pipes is installed on the top cover be communicated to outside the storehouse, to slow down the materials flow impact that air-flow produces when entering fast.Is square opening at the bottom of the storehouse quantitatively, with flange with split the dustless gate of flat slip and be connected, four mouths are backed down in the storehouse, can with the dustless gate flexible-disc joint of the flat slip of splitting of four storage bins, and be provided with airtight inspection door and can open and close at any time.Quantitatively the storehouse is provided with four support beams, firmly is connected with quantitative storehouse.By four supporting legs of support beam, quantitative storehouse is located on four compression pressure sensors, pressure sensor is in the use of loading system, stressing conditions is good, and has temperature compensating, self-linearity correction characteristics, thereby improved the static weighing precision, it is one of core parts in the control system, since simple and reasonable, change very convenient.Other is provided with four analog sensors, is actually one group of assembly set that its oad is identical with pressure sensor, makes the usefulness in the quantitative storehouse of temporary support when installing for pylon.
(2) storage bin tail gates fixed connection apparatus (4)
Connect below the connection storage bin cement concrete conical hopper above the coal bunker tail gates fixed connection apparatus and split the dustless gate of flat slip.
(3) quantitative storehouse freeing pipe (4)
Each quantitative storehouse is provided with 3 freeing pipes, its effect be when big streams when surge bunker falls into quantitative storehouse, the air in the quantitative storehouse is discharged into outside the storage bin storehouse by three gas exhaust ducts, play dustproof effect, reduce impact load.
(4) weight-hanger (2)
Each quantitative storehouse is provided with 2 weight-hangers, is the connecting device in counterweight and quantitative storehouse.
(5) counterweight bracing frame (2)
Each quantitative storehouse is provided with 2 counterweight bracing frames, divides the both sides that are listed in quantitative storehouse, and each counterweight bracing frame supports 3 counterweights.
(6) soft connection device (5)
System adopts totally-enclosed form, guarantee not have airborne dust and excessive, quantitatively between storehouse and following 4 bulkhgead gates of storage bin, quantitatively between storehouse discharging bulkhgead gate and the loading chute, quantitatively all adopt shock resistance, anticorrosion, moistureproof, the long-lived material seal connection that is flexible coupling to be flexible coupling between storehouse and the freeing pipe.
(7) coal breakage transition chute (1)
Transition chute between quantitative storehouse discharging bulkhgead gate and the loading chute.
2, mechanical equipment
(1) dull and stereotyped dustless hydraulic gate (4) under the storage bin
In order to coaling fast to quantitative storehouse, 4 discharge ports in each storage bin bottom are provided with 4 dustless bulkhgead gates of double-vane sliding hydraulic, and 8 flashboards are done fast to quantitative storehouse by the fluid control realization by setup program and coaling accurately.This gate has easy installation, maintenance control easily, sensitive accurate characteristics.Gate is supported by roller, but rapid horizontal; Bear the flashboard of pressing in the storehouse and directly do the fast speed slip on supporting rollern, the contact strength of roller and the linear velocity of displacement are very big, and the roller in Hatch Opening is to be in the big coal stream to work simultaneously, needs strict sealing; The seal ring of the band multiple tracks dust excluder lips of particular design is adopted in the sealing of pair roller, and selects special high-abrasive material and high strength material for use, with the alerting ability and the service life of guaranteeing its rotation.
The junction in gate and surge bunker and quantitative storehouse adopts the sealing of glass fibers cloth to avoid flying upward of dust; Gate is by Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder, and is equipped with limit switch; Flashboard adopts the 50Mn2 material of hardness of steel and excellent wear, the service life of having improved flashboard; The mouth of flashboard is wedge shape, runs into material when closing gate and blocks, and gate can be with the material shearing-crushing, and as can not be broken, gate can open and close repeatedly, makes material fall into quantitative storehouse.Driving oil cylinder has from pre-heating system, when temperature is higher than 5 ℃, could work.
(2) the dustless bulkhgead gate of double-vane sliding hydraulic (1) under the quantitative storehouse
Be provided with 1 dustless bulkhgead gate of double-vane sliding hydraulic in each bottom, quantitative storehouse, be installed on the discharge port of quantitative storehouse, each gate has two flashboards.In order to move vertical telescopic loading chute discharging to hydraulic levels, be provided with to surge bunker under the similar gate of the dustless bulkhgead gate of double-vane sliding hydraulic, size determines according to discharge rate.Each gate has two flat flashboards, is biplane structure, and flashboard is bearing on the load-carrying rolling bogie wheel, is moved by Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder.Technical characterstic is with the surge bunker tail gates.
(3) vertical telescopic loading chute (1)
Vertical telescopic loading chute is fastened on the pre-embedded bolt of beam of cement concrete storage bin, realizes the entrucking function.Once need entrucking, after the automobile headstock passes through,,, reach the entrucking requirement for height by Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder vertical lift chute according to different height of wagon.This chute cuts off coal stream by the hydraulic flat gate, and can realize automatic flat coal function.
Vertical telescopic loading chute mainly is made up of inside and outside chute body, automatic coal leveling device etc.Wherein interior chute is fixed on by tie-beam on the pre-embedded bolt of beam of cement concrete storage bin, outer chute is connected on the interior chute by the hydraulic actuating cylinder of both sides, outer chute is by Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder, under the guiding of roller, move up and down, outer chute drops to required entrucking height, opens the hydraulic flat gate the coal train of packing into.The roller contact strength that moves up and down and the linear velocity of displacement are very big, work in big coal stream simultaneously, need strict sealing; The seal ring of the band multiple tracks dust excluder lips of particular design is adopted in the sealing of pair roller, and selects special high-abrasive material and high strength material for use, with the alerting ability and the service life of guaranteeing its rotation.
3, weighing system
(1) LOAD CELLS (4)
LOAD CELLS supports quantitative storehouse, by weighing-up wave control quantifying and loading.So the quality of LOAD CELLS will directly influence reliability, accuracy and the stability of the long-term frequent operation of loading system.Because quickly ration loading station work is very frequent, impact load is big, sensor is direct whole load in the quantitative storehouse of carrying, thereby the shock resistance of sensor, anti-bias load performance are particularly important.The hermetically sealed double-shear beam of the corrosion-resistant steel strain gauge load cell of world famous brand U.S. STS company is the equipment that power is directly changed into electric signal, it plays a leading role in the application facet of electronic scale industry, and reached very high technical merit and defect level, adopt large scale-integration to manufacture in addition, strict quality assurance system is arranged, the degree of protection height, precision, sensitivity, linearity, stability and life-span etc. are all high than the sensor of other kind, and general international standard is arranged, and its technical performance satisfies system requirements fully.
(2) weighing instrument (1)
Secondary instrument adopts holder benefit company product, and secondary instrument authenticates through China national measurement instrument Verification Department, can show weight of material in the quantitative storehouse in real time, and is reliable, stable, accurate.
(3) counterweight (6)
Each quantitative storehouse is furnished with 6 counterweights, and 1 ton of each counterweight is divided into 2 groups, and 3 every group, two groups of counterweights are suspended on both sides, quantitative storehouse bulkhead respectively by connecting device and are fixing on the counterweight lifting hydraulic cylinder, and the weight correcting device is used for the weighing precision in the quantitative storehouse of periodic calibration.Demarcate counterweight through provincial technical supervision department assay approval, attached assay approval certificate.The effect of counterweight is the weighing precision in the quantitative storehouse of periodic calibration, and general calibration every half a year once.
4, hydraulic efficiency pressure system
Hydraulic efficiency pressure system is the pith of total system mechanical equipment control, and hydraulic control system adopts the backup of double pump double-motor, comprises hot oiling system and a hydraulic oil cooling system, guarantees the round-the-clock normal operation of hydraulic efficiency pressure system.The quickly ration loading hydraulic efficiency pressure system mainly partly is made up of hydraulic power unit, entrucking discharge gate hydraulic control system, storage bin bulkhgead gate hydraulic control system, ancillary system, oil cooling system, hydraulic tubing etc., be provided with the hot oiling device in the system, the reliable operation of hydraulic oil when guaranteeing winter.
(1) main pumping station (1)
In the hydraulic efficiency pressure system Main Hydraulic Pump, motor are provided with each one in stand by pump, standby motor, simultaneously when producing interim outage and Hydraulic Pump and lost efficacy, the capacity of energy storage still can be finished a measure such as working cycle, makes the running that system works is steady, action is accurately sensitive, safe and reliable.
The hydraulic pressure main pumping station mainly contains Hydraulic Pump and corresponding Hydraulic Elements to be formed, and hydraulic power unit is the double pump dual motors system, comprising: a use, standby Main Hydraulic Pump, necessary electromotor; Filter and control pump; The operation pressure of each Hydraulic Pump all has unloader valve to set up, and each pump in-out end is provided with filter, and is provided with corresponding solenoid valve, also has elements such as check valve, shutoff valve, fuel tank, temperature booster, oily temperature switch, liquid level switch to form hydraulic power unit in addition.Hydraulic power unit is the inner sealing stand alone type, can realize flow, pressure, temperature automatic control and adjustment.This pumping plant mainly contains Hydraulic Pump and corresponding Hydraulic Elements are formed, and comprising: two standby each other Main Hydraulic Pumps; Filter and control pump; The operation pressure of each Hydraulic Pump all has unloader valve to set up, and each pump in-out end is provided with filter, and is provided with corresponding solenoid valve, also has elements such as check valve, shutoff valve, fuel tank, temperature booster, oily temperature switch, liquid level switch to form hydraulic power unit in addition.
(2) control cock platform (1 cover)
Realize the action request of loading chute vertical lift hydraulic actuating cylinder, storage bin bulkhgead gate hydraulic actuating cylinder, quantitative storehouse bulkhgead gate hydraulic actuating cylinder, be provided with solenoid directional control valve, electro-hydraulic reversing valve, hydraulic lock and the one way pressure-reducing valve etc. of relevant work pressure and flow.For adapting to the fine setting of loading chute lifting and coal flow, the fine setting control part also is set in the system, in addition, the control part to weight correcting device hydraulic actuating cylinder is also included within the native system.
8 hydraulic actuating cylinders that surge bunker bulkhgead gate hydraulic control system is controlled, its specification is identical, but certain sequence of operation requirement is arranged, and flow is big, and opening and closing speed differs, and therefore, is provided with corresponding electro-hydraulic reversing valve group etc.
(3) hydraulic ram (14)
Hydraulic ram is used to control vertical telescopic loading chute, the quantitatively work of storehouse bulkhgead gate, storage bin bulkhgead gate, weight correcting device, has 14 hydraulic rams.Performance-oriented hydraulic actuating cylinder has improved the reliability of hydraulic efficiency pressure system, guarantees the whole hydraulic control system stable operation of loading station.
(4) hydraulic tubing and annex (1 cover)
Ancillary system (energy storage station) be provided with 1 group totally 3 capacity be 100 liters bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator, as ancillary system, be used for the needs of the big flow of charging system snap action discountinuity operating fluid cylinder pressure.When interim outage of loading system and Hydraulic Pump inefficacy, the assurance accumulator volume still can be finished a working cycle, makes each device replied of each loading station to initial position.Close the needs of bulkhgead gate under surge bunker and the quantitative storehouse when energy storage satisfies the pumping plant fault fully, and make loading chute get back to the needs of initial position.
The installation of hydraulic tubing is generally carried out after institute's bonded assembly equipment and element install.Pipe pickling should finish in the pipeline preparation, and carries out after having possessed washing condition.After pipe pickling resets, should carry out circulation flushing as early as possible, to guarantee cleaning and antirust.Satisfy the universal standard fully.
(5) hydraulic pressure heating and cooling system (1 cover)
Oil cooling system is provided with cooling fan and the cooling line that crawls is formed hydraulic oil cooling system jointly.In fuel tank, be provided with electric heater 3 * 4KW, can automatically adjust according to the oily temperature of the highest and minimum use.
5, electric-control system
(1) switching arrangement
1. disposed the electric distribution cabinet in the system, power line voltage 380V, control voltage 220V;
2. provide qualified power supply for entrucking all devices such as hydraulic pressure, illumination, monitored control system and repair apparatus;
3. each two-way of 380V backup power is individual, and load carrying capacity is respectively 10KW and 5kW; 220V four tunnel, load carrying capacity is 2kW, comprises circuit breaker and contactless switch that all working and backup power are required;
4. the anti-thunder and lightning, ground connection, short circuit and the creepage protection function that meet the China national standard;
5. components and parts type selecting.
The components and parts type selecting is based on German ABB AB low-pressure system product.The low-pressure electronic equipment product of ABB is in rank first all the time, the favor that its excellent quality, profile attractive in appearance and high cost performance more and more are subjected to the demestic user.
(2) central control system
Control system is carried out configured in one piece by the technology of system, adopt advanced serial digital communication field bus control system (FCS), select performance-oriented PLC and industrial computer and colourful motion graphics picture for use, the whole control processs of visual in image on-line monitoring.
The communication form is selected ControlNet and AB Remote I/O fieldbus for use.
The employing of field bus technique makes control system from designing, install, put into operation ordinary production operation and repair and maintenance thereof, all embodies obvious superiority, mainly shows:
The system integration initiative, the accuracy that has improved system and the reliability that save hardware quantity, save erected cost, be convenient to safeguard, the user have height.
Mode: the mode of quickly ration loading control system has three kinds of patterns of automatic/hand/S. A.; Automatically all control by PLC; The effect of S. A. pattern is can the Automatic coal blending entrucking when the host CPU fault, and with full automaticity is different, all the other are in full accord: CPU and relative locking and system isolate except that following; Do not produce report; Manually this pattern is mainly used in test and manually entrucking when system failure state.Control system adopts PLC to carry out centralized control and detection, and the equipment that material inlet under storage bin is begun to take on until automobile overall process is monitored and controlled; Control system PLC selects the Controllogix of American AB company 5555 series of PLC for use, can with coal preparation plant's central control system and the networking of full mine complex automatic system.
(3) detect control system
The technological process condition monitoring, control at entrucking respectively, the control of weighing, the hydraulic efficiency pressure system monitoring has realized multiple different technological process monitored picture, make full use of powerful upper computer function realize image, intuitively, animation effect clearly, service condition is come into plain view, intactly display equipment state and coal stream mode.
Report to the police and have a guide look of function, be used for generation,, ensure the safe operation of production process so that can in time intervene to the super range event of operator's display data.
Historical data base, the real time data that responsible storage produces all the time is used to carry out functions such as the analysis of data and accident diagnosis, in fact is equivalent to a production process recording instrument, be similar to the black box on the aircraft, record is the interior complete production status of some time sections in the past.
(4) industrial computer, operator's station
Adopt the vertical desk-top operator's station of saying, the operator realizes quantifying and loading by operator's station, and the control button on the operator's station, indicator lamp, selector button, arm cook are all selected American AB company imported with original packaging product for use.
Upper computer adopts Dell's electrogenesis brain, and one main one is equipped with.
6, upper computer software platform
The upper computer software platform selects for use American I FIX industrial software as development platform, and this software is one of the most powerful, failure-free top-notch brand name of performance of function in the present industrial software.
Claims (5)
1. intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading method comprises: storage bin, storage bin batching gate, quantitative storehouse, quantitative storehouse discharge gate, weighting apparatus, flexible loading chute is characterized in that described step:
Start loading process, enter initial condition;
Whether weighting apparatus detects material in the quantitative storehouse, promptly measure its quantity if any material;
Entrucking material quantity is treated in input to system;
Open storage bin batching gate, material is imported quantitative storehouse, weighting apparatus carries out the dynamic increment metering to material;
The material input reach treat the entrucking inventory or quantitatively the storehouse fill, close the storage bin gate;
Weighting apparatus carries out static accurate measurement to the material in the quantitative storehouse;
Be loaded vehicle and enter the loading parking stall, flexible loading chute is stretched to by entrucking compartment ledge height;
Open quantitative storehouse discharge gate, unload in being loaded vehicle and put material, weighting apparatus carries out dynamic decrement metering to material;
Be divided into according to unloading material situation different step:
A. reach and treat the entrucking inventory, close quantitative storehouse discharge gate;
Weighting apparatus carries out static accurate measurement to the leftover materials in the quantitative storehouse;
B. quantitatively unstow in the storehouse, treats the entrucking inventory if reach, and closes quantitative storehouse discharge gate and enter next step, do not treat the entrucking inventory if reach, and closes quantitative storehouse discharge gate, gets back to and open storage bin batching gate, material imported the step in quantitative storehouse;
Flexible loading chute withdrawal is loaded vehicle and leaves the loading position, and loading process is got back to initial condition.
2. intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading station, comprise main backstop as the loading station main body, be installed with the barrel-shaped storage bin that the material end opening goes out material of going into suitable for reading in the top of main backstop, bottom discharge mouth at storage bin is equipped with storage bin batching gate, it below storage bin the barrel-shaped quantitative storehouse that the material end opening goes out material of going into suitable for reading, quantitatively the storehouse is installed on the main backstop by quantitative bin bracket, in that quantitatively bin bracket and main backstop junction are equipped with the LOAD CELLS of weighting apparatus, quantitatively at least one feeding mouth in storehouse is aimed at least one batching gate of storage bin, quantitatively the discharging opening in storehouse is equipped with quantitative storehouse discharge gate, it is characterized in that, being equipped with suitable for reading below quantitative storehouse is to be the flexible loading chute that the material mouth into material mouth end opening, described flexible loading chute is fixed on the main backstop, the material mouth of going into of flexible loading chute is aimed at quantitative storehouse discharge gate, control the Computer Control Unit of whole entrucking process and weighting apparatus and hydraulic efficiency gear and be electrically connected, hydraulic efficiency gear and storage bin batching gate, quantitative storehouse discharge gate, flexible loading chute connects by hydraulic tubing.
3. intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading according to claim 2 station, it is characterized in that, described flexible loading chute comprises: as the interior chute of flexible loading chute main body, described in chute be about the identical barrel-shaped body of bore, it is suitable for reading by being bolted on the main backstop, outside interior chute, be set with similar to interior chute shape and be slightly larger than in chute outside chute barrel-shaped, interior chute drives outer chute with outer chute by at least two tools and is connected along the elevating ram that interior chute slides up and down, elevating ram one end is fixed on interior chute top, and the other end is fixed on the lower end of outer chute; A plurality of rollers that can roll on guide rail are installed on the chute outside, and described guide rail is fixed on the interior chute; An interior chute side suitable for reading be equipped with prevent outside the chute latching device that glides voluntarily when not working of chute; Relative both sides, the lower end of chute are equipped with and prevent the chute anticollision device that clashed into by the compartment ledge outside.
4. intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading according to claim 3 station, it is characterized in that, the groove slide latching device of described flexible loading chute, comprise the set pin hook on the mounted in pairs chute, be formed with the pin-and-hole that can penetrate removable pin on the described set pin hook, the pin-and-hole of two set pin hooks is coaxial, formation one can penetrate the slit of removable pin hook between the two set pin hooks, described removable pin hook fixedly mounts outside on the chute, forming one on the removable pin hook can be by the pin-and-hole of removable pin, and the locking cylinder that drives the removable pin motion is fixedly mounted on the interior chute.
5. intelligent vehicle quickly ration loading according to claim 3 station, it is characterized in that, the chute anticollision device of described flexible loading chute, comprise the crashproof bearing that fixedly mounts on the chute outside, one rotating shaft is arranged on crashproof bearing, with the rotating shaft is the crash bar that fulcrum has a lever shape, at the short arm of force and the outer chute contact point of the crash bar of lever shape obstacle avoidance sensor is installed, and is equipped with to keep crash bar and lack the torsion spring that the arm of force contacts with obstacle avoidance sensor in rotating shaft.
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| CN2007101069822A CN101306767B (en) | 2007-05-16 | 2007-05-16 | Intellectualized rapid quantitative loading process for automobile and loading station |
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