CN101302997A - Magnetic levitation self-adjusting pitch vertical axis wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic suspension self-adjusting pitch vertical axis wind power generator. It includes a magnetic levitation wind generator, the generator shaft of the magnetic levitation wind generator and the impeller shaft of the impeller are integrally made, the generator shaft penetrates into the motor housing, the generator rotor is installed on the generator shaft, and the corresponding motor The casing is equipped with a generator stator, and at the same time, an axial magnetic levitation device and a radial magnetic levitation device are installed on the generator shaft and in the motor casing to perform magnetic levitation positioning; the impeller shaft is fixedly installed in the hub, and several blades of the impeller pass through The vertical axis self-adjusting pitch device is connected with the wheel hub. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, can effectively improve the overall performance of the wind power generator, improve efficiency, save energy, reduce consumption, protect the environment, and be easily popularized.

Description

Magnetic levitation self-adjusting pitch vertical axis wind turbine

technical field

The invention relates to a wind power generator, in particular to a magnetic levitation self-adjusting pitch vertical axis wind power generator.

Background technique

Wind turbines are classified according to the direction of the rotation axis, which can be divided into two types: horizontal axis and vertical axis. Horizontal axis wind turbines are developed and matured theoretically based on aircraft propellers, and are currently widely used. However, the design and manufacture of horizontal axis wind turbines are very complicated, and have: 1. The impeller occupies a large space and covers an area; 2. The requirements for the wind tower are high; 3. The impeller is not uniformly winded, especially the ones installed in the air The blades must also bear the huge positive pressure of the wind, so their cost is very high. The greater the power of a single machine, the greater its cost. This is one of the main factors why the price of wind power is higher than that of commercial power. machine has more advantages.

Traditional vertical axis wind turbines are equipped with a blade adjustment mechanism, which complicates the mechanism, increases the cost, and greatly consumes the energy of the wind. Moreover, this kind of wind generator cannot be self-started, and the additional starting mechanism increases the manufacturing cost, thereby causing a great reduction in the utilization coefficient of wind energy, and the superiority of the vertical axis wind generator disappears.

In order to effectively utilize wind energy, traditional vertical-axis wind turbines are made with variable-pitch blades, but the disadvantage is the push rod structure for adjusting the angle of attack of the blades, which not only consumes too much energy, but also causes the wind turbine to fail to start by itself. In recent years, it has been found that the blades of the hinge can swing during rotation, so a limiting nail has appeared to limit the swing of the blades to a reasonable angle of attack. However, if there is a limit nail, there will be impact, and the blade will be easily damaged under long-term, periodic and strong impact.

At present, the most vertical-axis wind turbines using parallel connecting rods are Japan (study started in 2002), and the United Kingdom, Canada and other countries are currently under development. Most of the products in these countries use parallel connecting rods in the impeller design. , this method has high requirements on the output shaft of the generator, and the structure is relatively complicated, and there are many on-site installation procedures. In addition, from the perspective of mechanics, the greater the power of the H-type vertical axis wind turbine, the longer the blades, and the longer the distance between the center point of the parallel bar and the center point of the generator shaft, the worse the wind resistance will be. At the same time, the traditional vertical axis wind turbine has to overcome the self-weight and friction of the transmission mechanism, and at the same time overcome the resistance caused by the self-weight of the generator rotor and the friction of the mechanical bearing, which increases the driving force of the transmission drive system and reduces the generator load. efficiency.

Therefore, in order to improve the overall performance of wind turbines and achieve the goals of improving efficiency, energy saving, consumption reduction, environmental protection and easy popularization, the traditional vertical axis wind turbine system must be transformed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems, to provide a magnetic levitation self-adjusting pitch that has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, which can effectively improve the overall performance of the wind turbine, improve efficiency, save energy, reduce consumption, protect the environment, and be easy to popularize. Vertical axis wind turbine.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A magnetic levitation self-adjusting pitch vertical axis wind power generator, which includes a magnetic levitation wind power generator, the generator shaft of the magnetic levitation wind power generator and the impeller shaft of the impeller are integrally made, the generator shaft penetrates into the motor casing, and The generator rotor is installed on the shaft, and the corresponding motor housing is provided with a generator stator. At the same time, an axial magnetic levitation device and a radial magnetic levitation device are installed on the generator shaft and in the motor housing for magnetic levitation positioning; The wheel shaft is fixedly installed in the hub, and several blades of the impeller are connected with the hub through a vertical axis self-adjusting pitch device.

The axial magnetic levitation device includes a fixed plate arranged at the top inside the motor housing, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the generator shaft, and at least one annular axially upward magnet is arranged on the fixed plate, and the corresponding motor shell Corresponding axial downward magnets are arranged on the body.

The radial magnetic levitation device includes at least one radially inner magnet arranged on the shaft of the generator, and a corresponding radially outer magnet is arranged on the corresponding motor housing.

The vertical axis self-adjusting pitch device includes a pair of connecting rods, which are fixedly connected to the wheel hub, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the vertical pole. pitch.

The present invention removes the traditional mechanical bearing between the generator shaft and the motor housing and adopts a magnetic levitation device. On the one hand, this structure greatly reduces the friction transmission in the power transmission of the vertical axis wind turbine. On the other hand, it basically overcomes the driving force consumption caused by the weight of the wind turbine and the self-weight of the generator's own rotor. Because it is fully suspended, the friction is small, and the machine can start automatically after stopping. The vertical axis The superiority of the wind turbine is fully displayed.

The impeller shaft and the generator shaft are integrated and positioned by magnetic suspension. The axial direction of the wind turbine is supported by a permanent magnetic magnetic suspension thrust balance bearing. The axial magnet is a ring magnet fixed on a fixed plate and passed through the fixed plate It is fixed on the generator shaft and rotates with the generator shaft. The magnets on the lower shaft are fixed on the motor casing. The upper and lower magnets interact through the repulsive force, which basically overcomes the problems caused by the weight of the wind turbine and the self-weight of the generator's own rotor. driving force consumption.

The radial direction of the wind turbine is positioned by the magnetic levitation positioning device. The radial inner magnet is ring-shaped and fixed on the generator shaft. The radial outer magnet is also a ring-shaped ring and fixed on the motor shell. The magnets interact. In this way, the friction coefficient between the rotating part and the positioning part of the wind power generator is almost zero, and the transmission efficiency is obviously improved compared with the same kind of traditional wind power generator. At the same time, the impeller can not only transmit large torque to the generator, but also eliminate mechanical vibration, reduce noise, and work reliably for a long time without lubrication. No lubrication is required, the structure of the fan can be simplified, routine maintenance is exempted, and it can work stably and reliably for a long time. At the same time, since the running resistance of the magnetic bearing is zero, it is also a high-efficiency and energy-saving fan.

In order to effectively utilize wind energy, traditional vertical-axis wind turbines are made with variable-pitch blades, but the disadvantage is the push rod structure for adjusting the angle of attack of the blades, which not only consumes too much energy, but also causes the wind turbine to fail to start by itself. The vertical axis wind power generator of the present invention mostly adopts a parallel connecting rod structure in the design of the impeller, which has high requirements on the output shaft of the generator, and the structure is relatively complicated, and there are many on-site installation procedures. In addition, from the perspective of mechanics, the greater the power of the H-type vertical axis wind turbine, the longer the blades, and the longer the distance between the center point of the parallel bar and the center point of the generator shaft, the worse the wind resistance will be.

Ordinary vertical axis wind turbines cannot guarantee the optimal contact angle between the blades and the airflow, and the pitch control system has defects such as complex structure, high cost, large wind energy consumption, and inability to develop to a large scale.

The blades of the present invention are connected to the vertical rods through hinges, and the blades can rotate freely around the vertical rods. Each vertical rod is fixed on the hub through two connecting rods. The hub and the impeller shaft are fixed together, and the impeller shaft directly drives the generator to generate electricity. The vertical rod and the two connecting rods form a triangle.

Due to the adoption of special aerodynamic principles, the connection method of the triangle vector method and the principle of the direct drive structure, the force of the impeller is mainly concentrated on the hub, so the wind resistance is strong, and the diagonal bracing using the triangle vector method can be greatly improved. Reduce blade overhang size.

Compared with the horizontal axis wind power generator and the traditional vertical axis wind power generator, the blades of the maglev vertical axis wind power generator of the present invention are hingedly connected to one end of the wheel arm, so that the blades can automatically adjust the pitch installation angle during the rotation of the impeller. The design requirement of the optimum windward angle can be achieved by a complicated adjusting mechanism, and the structure is simple, the efficiency is high, and the cost is low. The blades always maintain the best windward angle to generate maximum thrust and improve power generation efficiency. When the wind direction is relatively stable, the impeller rotates once, and the blades change periodically. When the blades are in the two points of the wind direction or the wind direction, the windward angle is zero, and any other position has a windward angle, so there is a thrust.

When the wind blows to the stationary wind turbine, one blade is in line with the wind direction, and the other blade is perpendicular to the wind direction, thus forming a resistance differential wind turbine, which starts immediately under the action of the wind and completes self-starting. At the moment of start-up, the blades of the wind turbine are automatically adjusted to the best angle of attack, and the lift-type machine operates normally. This process is completely automatic without any additional devices and external power.

Every time the blades of the present invention are used for a period of time, the blades can be disassembled for maintenance, or directly replaced with spare blades. The blades can be made into a complete set of spare parts with different sizes. According to different wind resource conditions, blades of different sizes can be used. This is a unique feature that any other wind turbine does not have. The beneficial effects of the invention are: adopting a specific magnetic circuit structure, providing a magnetic levitation technology to reduce the frictional force caused by the axial force and radial force of the wind power generator. It can effectively reduce the starting resistance moment, starting wind speed and cut-in wind speed of the wind generator, and at the same time can greatly increase the output power.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of wind power generator of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the generator magnetic levitation device.

Among them, 1. impeller, 2. impeller shaft, 3. connecting rod, 4. hub, 5. vertical rod, 6. blade, 7. generator, 8. tower, 9. axial magnet, 10. axial Lower magnet, 11. generator stator, 12. generator rotor, 13. motor housing, 14. radial inner magnet, 15. radial outer magnet, 16. generator shaft, 17. fixed disk.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

In Fig. 1, the generator shaft 16 of the magnetic levitation wind power generator is made integrally with the impeller shaft 2 of the impeller 1, the generator shaft 16 penetrates in the motor housing 13, and the generator rotor 12 is installed on the generator shaft 16, and The corresponding motor casing 13 is provided with a generator stator 11, and the impeller 1 includes a plurality of blades 6, and each blade 6 is connected to a vertical vertical rod 5 through a hinge, and the vertical rod 5 is connected to two connecting rods 3. Those are triangular; two connecting rods 3 are fixed on the hub 4, and the hub 4 is fixedly connected with the impeller shaft 2 and drives it to rotate. The generator 7 is mounted on a tower 8 .

In Fig. 2, the generator 7 includes a motor housing 13, and a fixed plate 17 is arranged on the inner top of the motor housing 13. , and the corresponding motor housing 13 is provided with an annular axially downward magnet 10 . A radially inner magnet 14 is respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the generator rotor 12 , and a radially outer magnet 15 is arranged on the corresponding motor housing 13 .

Claims (4)

1. A magnetic levitation self-adjusting pitch vertical axis wind-driven generator, is characterized in that, it comprises magnetic levitation wind-driven generator, the generator shaft of magnetic levitation wind-driven generator and the impeller shaft of impeller are integrally made, and generator shaft penetrates motor In the housing, the generator rotor is installed on the generator shaft, and the corresponding motor housing is provided with the generator stator. At the same time, the axial magnetic levitation device and the radial magnetic levitation device are also installed on the generator shaft and the motor housing. , for magnetic levitation positioning; the impeller shaft is fixedly installed in the hub, and several blades of the impeller are connected to the hub through a vertical axis self-adjusting pitch device. 2. The magnetic levitation self-adjusting pitch vertical axis wind power generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the axial magnetic levitation device comprises a fixed plate arranged on the inner top of the motor housing, and the fixed plate is fixed to the shaft of the generator. The coupling, at least one annular axially upward magnet is provided on the fixed disk, and the corresponding axially downward magnet is provided on the corresponding motor housing. 3. The magnetic levitation self-adjusting pitch vertical axis wind power generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the radial magnetic levitation device comprises at least one radially inner magnet arranged on the generator shaft, and the electric motor corresponding thereto Corresponding radially outer magnets are arranged on the casing. 4. The maglev self-adjusting pitch vertical axis wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the vertical axis self-adjusting pitch device comprises a pair of connecting rods, which are fixedly connected to the hub, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the hub. The vertical poles are connected, and the three form a triangular structure, and the blades are hinged to the poles through hinges to realize self-adjusting pitch.

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