CN101295944B

CN101295944B - Solar two-dimension tracing apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN101295944B
Application number: CN200810150017XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵振海
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-06-10
Filing date: 2008-06-10
Publication date: 2010-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2028-06-10
Also published as: CN101295944A

Abstract

The invention relates to the solar energy utilization technology and discloses a two-dimension solar tracking device, comprising a west-east azimuth angle tracking mechanism which rotates around a shaft vertical to the ground and a hi-low azimuth angle tracking mechanism which rotates around a shaft parallel to the ground. Both of the two tracking mechanisms adopt the long moment arm design and have a driven wheel with large diameter, long moment arm, small gear modulus, high mechanical strength, small-power allocated motor, low drive torque, low energy consumption, small wind resistance to the whole structure and good stability.

Description

A kind of solar two-dimension tracing apparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to solar utilization technique, specifically, relate to a kind of solar two-dimension tracing apparatus.

Background technology

The subject matter that solar energy power generating at present exists is that cost of electricity-generating can't be competed with thermal power generation than much higher times of thermal power generation.Battery accounts for cost ratio too big (being about 2/3) in the flat photovoltaic generating system, does not follow the tracks of, and light utilization is low, and the light maximum of irradiation battery has only a light intensity, and photovoltaic cell fails to make full use of, and cost of electricity-generating is very high; Optically focused can reduce the photovoltaic cell consumption, reduces cost, but must follow the tracks of the sun.The reflection concentration type photovoltaic generating system adopts clock rate to follow the tracks of around the day that the north and south axle rotates, and manual adjustments was followed the tracks of around the year that the thing axle rotates, and actual optically focused ratio can only reach 3～4 times, and it is few to save photovoltaic cell quantity, and it is limited to reduce cost; Conic section or Fresnel Lenses can increase substantially the optically focused ratio, but must adopt the two-dimensional tracking mechanism accurate tracking sun, otherwise efficient is poor.Another bottleneck of present two-dimensional tracking photovoltaic generating system is, two-dimension tracing apparatus shared cost in solar photovoltaic generation system is higher.

The two-dimensional tracking cost, the one, the manufacturing of follower itself and the cost of maintenance, the 2nd, every day the tracing process consumed power cost.Manufacturing cost is an one-time investment, and it is very little being assigned on every kilowatt-hour, but the initial outlay height.Prime cost is a large amount of electric energy of tracing process consumption every day, makes the output electric energy reduce, and when energy output and power consumption reached certain proportion, two-dimensional tracking may be lost more than gain.Therefore, the flat photovoltaic generating system that people turn to research not follow the tracks of, effort improves the efficient of photovoltaic cell, reduces the photovoltaic cell cost, though existing remarkable progress needs considerable time yet cost of electricity-generating is reduced to the level of competing with thermal power generation.

The two-dimensional tracking mode of using has two kinds at present, and the one, adopt clock rate to follow the tracks of around the day that the north and south axle rotates, manual adjustments was followed the tracks of around the year that the thing axle rotates; The 2nd, the two-dimensional tracking mode of shaking the head, their major defect is:

1) arm of force is little.Tracking means is installed on the back shaft, and gear diameter is little to be that the arm of force is little, and rotating needs power of motor big, follows the tracks of the power consumption height;

2) module is big.Gear will promote the very big reception Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of moment of inertia, because diameter is little, the power that affacts gear is big, and must strengthen module could proof strength.Cause the reduction box heaviness, not only increased manufacturing cost, and increased power consumption;

3) wind loading rating is poor.It is big to receive the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) area, and moment of inertia is big, and the edge is long to centre distance, and the moment that wind-force produces is big, and gear also must carry the moment that wind-force produces.Module is little, and the gear teeth are easy to fracture, and strengthens module and causes the reduction box heaviness again.

4) large-scale solar photovoltaic power plant should not account for the arable land, is on wilderness or the plateau, and wind-force is bigger.If satisfy the requirement of the strong wind of seldom appearance to structure in the design, then structure is very heavy, the cost height, and power consumption is big.If do not satisfy of the requirement of the strong wind of seldom appearance, when then strong wind occurring, will cause system failure to structure.

Summary of the invention

At the shortcoming of present solar two-dimension tracing apparatus, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solar two-dimension tracing apparatus, it can realize the two-dimensional tracking to sunlight easily, and power consumption is low, and stability is high, and wind loading rating is strong.

In order to reach above-mentioned technical purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of solar two-dimension tracing apparatus, comprising: the parallactic angle follower between east and west that rotates around axle perpendicular to the ground, around the height azimuth follower that rotates with the ground level axle, it is characterized in that

Described parallactic angle follower between east and west, comprise base, be fixed on the vertical axis at base center, be enclosed within the axle sleeve on the vertical axis, be fixed on the wheel body of axle sleeve lower end, be fixed on the ring gear of wheel body circumference, with first driving gear of ring gear engagement, and first motor that drives first driving gear, described first motor is fixed on the base;

Described height azimuth follower, comprise the framework that is fixed on the axle sleeve upper end, the plane of framework is divided into a plurality of symmetric spaces by crossbeam and longeron, each space is equipped with a cell array frame by rotating shaft, rotating shaft is arranged on two middle side parts of cell array frame, each cell array frame is provided with solar energy receiving unit, the crossbeam of framework is provided with second motor, be fixed with second driving gear on the axle of second motor, the end of two neighbouring cell array framves on crossbeam both sides is fixed with sector respectively, this sector and the engagement of described second driving gear.

Further improvement of the present invention is:

Be provided with bearing between described axle sleeve and the base.

Described framework is obliquely installed on axle sleeve, and the angle of horizontal plane is 45 °～70 ° relatively.

Described first driving gear is a worm screw, and corresponding worm gear is made up of wheel body and ring gear.

Described second driving gear is a worm screw, and corresponding worm gear is a sector.

Described turbine sector is fixed on the end central authorities of cell array frame.

Described ring gear is formed by the bending of strip cingulum.

The present invention has tangible beneficial effect, and is specific as follows:

(1) two follower all adopts long arm of force design, and the driven pulley diameter is big, and the arm of force is long, and module is little, the mechanical strength height, and only need be equipped with low-power machine.

(2) application point of height azimuth follower power is in cell array frame end portion, and the arm of force is long; Cell array frame direction of rotation up and down, the balance point of cell array frame is in the axle center, and motor-driven moment is little, and energy consumption is little.

(3) between each solar energy receiving unit the space is arranged on the cell array frame plane, windage is little; Solar energy receiving unit is installed on the cell array frame, and the cell array frame is around self axle rotation, and the cell array frame staggers mutually up and down, and windage can be littler.

(4) parallactic angle follower between east and west is near ground, good stability.

(5) the present invention can adapt to the large solar photovoltaic power station, realizes control automatically and centralized management easily.In conjunction with corresponding transducer, the pressure that this device can be discerned wind-force, wind direction and self be subjected to, and can adjust to stressed minimum state rapidly, and improve wind loading rating, guarantee electricity generation system safety.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further details.

Fig. 1 is the solar two-dimension tracing apparatus schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 parallactic angle follower between east and west B-B is to view;

Fig. 3 height azimuth follower A is to view;

The worm screw and the sector mesh schematic representation of Fig. 4 height azimuth follower;

Fig. 5 cell array frame schematic diagram;

Fig. 6 cell array frame C is to view;

Fig. 7 ring gear and strip cingulum schematic diagram;

Wherein: 1, axle sleeve, 2, vertical axis, 3, wheel body, 4, bearing, 5, base, 6, the cement pedestal, 7, ring gear, 8, first driving gear, 9, first motor, 10, framework, 11, cell array frame, 12, solar energy accepts the unit, 13,, second driving gear, 14, sector, 15, second motor.

Embodiment

With reference to Fig. 1, this tracking means comprises: the parallactic angle follower between east and west that rotates around axle perpendicular to the ground, around the height azimuth follower that rotates with the ground level axle; The azimuthal follower of thing rotates by clock rate, and height azimuth follower rotates by the function of clock rate, finishes the two-dimensional tracking to the sun jointly.Wherein, parallactic angle follower between east and west mainly comprises cement pedestal 6, base 5, vertical axis 2, axle sleeve 1, bearing 4, wheel body 3, ring gear 7, first driving gear 8, first motor 9.Height azimuth follower mainly comprises framework 10, cell array frame 11, second driving gear 13, sector 14, second motor 15.

See figures.1.and.2, be fixed with bolt in the pedestal 6 of parallactic angle follower between east and west, nut is connected with bolt, and base 5 and pedestal 6 are linked into an integrated entity.Vertical axis 2 is fixed on base 5 centers, and axle sleeve 1 is enclosed within on the central shaft 2, and bearing 4 is between base 5 and axle sleeve 1.Axle sleeve 1 lower end is wheel body 3 fixedly, and ring gear 7 is fixed on wheel body 3 circumference, first driving gear, 8 engagements on 9 in the gear teeth on the ring gear 7 and first motor.First motor 9 rotates, and first driving gear 8 drives ring gear 7 and rotates, and rotates thereby drive axle sleeve 1, finishes the azimuthal tracking of thing.Better mode is: first driving gear 8 is worm screw, and corresponding worm gear is made up of wheel body 3 and ring gear 7, this mode gearratio height, and self-locking action is arranged, the power that wind-force affacts solar energy receiving unit is very little to the motor influence.

Pedestal 6 can be made with multiple material, adopts cement cost low, and quality is big, and is anticorrosive, sturdy construction, and the life-span is long, is a kind of more satisfactory material.Wheel body 3 diameters can be made φ 1000～φ 2000mm, because diameter is big, the arm of force is long.

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 3, height azimuth follower comprises framework 10, cell array frame 11, second driving gear 13, sector 14, second motor 15.Framework 10 is fixed on axle sleeve 2 upper ends, with horizontal plane angle be fixed value, can be according to the longitude and latitude setting of implementing ground, scope is 45 °～70 °.The plane of framework 10 is divided into a plurality of symmetric spaces by crossbeam and longeron, and a cell array frame 11 is installed by rotating shaft 16 in each space, and rotating shaft 16 is arranged on two middle side parts of cell array frame 11, and cell array frame 11 can rotate up and down.On each cell array frame 11 one or more solar energy receiving units 12 can be set.

With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, second motor 15 is arranged on the crossbeam of framework 10, second driving gear 13 is fixed on the axle of second motor 15, sector 14 is separately fixed at the end of two neighbouring cell array framves 11 on crossbeam both sides, second motor 15 rotates, the sector 14 that second driving gear 13 drives two neighbouring cell array frame 11 ends rotates round about, finishes the azimuthal tracking of height.Better mode is: described second driving gear 13 is worm screw, and corresponding worm gear is sector 14 this mode gearratio height, and self-locking action is arranged, and wind loading rating is strong.

With reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the center of sector is the axle center of cell array frame 11, and the arm of force is longer; The axle center of cell array frame 11 is balance points of solar energy receiving unit array; When worm screw was rotated, two neighbouring cell array framves 11 rotated round about, and its balance point is the axle center of second motor 15; Two neighbouring cell array framves 11 rotate round about, stagger mutually, and windage significantly reduces; Therefore, height azimuth follower power consumption is little, and the power of motor of outfit is little.

With reference to Fig. 7, ring gear 7 is formed by the bending of strip cingulum.Can on wheel body, directly process tooth, but larger-diameter gear, gear hobbing technology routinely, processing cost is higher.The strip cingulum is made into ring gear 7, and the way of available machinery, bonding or the two unification is fixed on ring gear 7 on the wheel body 3, good manufacturability, and processing cost is low.

The present invention is used for the large solar photovoltaic power station, can use a controller output signal to control all solar two-dimension tracing apparatus.Because the large solar photovoltaic power station does not generally account for the arable land, is positioned at wilderness or plateau, wind-force is bigger.When wind-force during greater than rated value (as strong gale), may cause tracking means and electricity generation system to damage.Controller can have wind-force, wind direction, pressure and the solar two-dimension tracing apparatus of irradiance transducer and is connected with one; when wind-force during greater than rated value; controller output information; all solar two-dimension tracing apparatus turn to the thing orientation and the height orientation of stressed minimum rapidly; protection system safety is recovered when the safety value to follow the tracks of when wind-force is little.When light irradiance is little when a certain rated value, for example: generated energy is suitable with the power consumption energy, and transducer passes through controller output information, and solar two-dimension tracing apparatus quits work.

Claims

1. solar two-dimension tracing apparatus comprises: the parallactic angle follower between east and west that rotates around axle perpendicular to the ground, and the height azimuth follower around rotating with the ground level axle is characterized in that,

Described parallactic angle follower between east and west, comprise base (5), be fixed on the vertical axis (2) at base (5) center, be enclosed within the axle sleeve (1) on the vertical axis (2), be fixed on the wheel body (3) of axle sleeve (1) lower end, be fixed on the ring gear (7) of wheel body (3) circumference, with first driving gear (8) of ring gear (7) engagement, and first motor (9) that drives first driving gear (8), described first motor (9) is fixed on the base (5);

Described height azimuth follower, comprise the framework (10) that is fixed on axle sleeve (1) upper end, the plane of framework (10) is divided into a plurality of symmetric spaces by crossbeam and longeron, each space is equipped with a cell array frame (11) by rotating shaft (16), rotating shaft (16) is arranged on two middle side parts of cell array frame (11), each cell array frame (11) is provided with solar energy receiving unit (12), the crossbeam of framework (10) is provided with second motor (15), be fixed with second driving gear (13) on the axle of second motor (15), the end of neighbouring two cell array framves (11) on crossbeam both sides is fixed with sector (14) respectively, this sector (14) and described second driving gear (13) engagement.

2. a kind of solar two-dimension tracing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with bearing (4) between described axle sleeve (1) and the base (5).

3. a kind of solar two-dimension tracing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described framework (10) is obliquely installed in axle sleeve (1), and the angle of horizontal plane is 45 °～70 ° relatively.

4. a kind of solar two-dimension tracing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first driving gear (8) is a worm screw, and corresponding worm gear is made up of wheel body (3) and ring gear (7).

5. a kind of solar two-dimension tracing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described second driving gear (13) is a worm screw, and corresponding worm gear is sector (14).

6. a kind of solar two-dimension tracing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described sector (14) is fixed on the end central authorities of cell array frame (11).

7. a kind of solar two-dimension tracing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described ring gear (7) is formed by the bending of strip cingulum.