CN101281116A - Wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system - Google Patents
Wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101281116A CN101281116A CNA2008100381934A CN200810038193A CN101281116A CN 101281116 A CN101281116 A CN 101281116A CN A2008100381934 A CNA2008100381934 A CN A2008100381934A CN 200810038193 A CN200810038193 A CN 200810038193A CN 101281116 A CN101281116 A CN 101281116A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large span rail traffic damage examination system in the computer applied technology field, which comprises a data acquisition subsystem and a data processing subsystem. The data acquisition subsystem is responsible to examine the vibration condition during a rail traffic vehicle crossing a large span bridge, and gathers dynamic response signals to transfer the data processing subsystem; the data processing subsystem reads the dynamic response signals of a bridge examined by the data acquisition subsystem, combines the dynamics to analyze and calculate the obtained bridge simulation dynamic response signals so as to realize the damage examination of the bridge, achieve that the operation of the system and the data management of the user through a graphic interface and a database technology, and realize the communication between a local computer and a remote computer through the network technology; the invention is characterized in that the invention is modularization and hierarchy, various functional modules can communicate with each other, the precision of the damage examination of the bridge is increased, the normal use of the bridge structure can not be affected.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of bridge detection system of field of measuring techniques, specifically is a kind of wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system.
Background technology
Be accompanied by the progress of science and technology and the growth of trip demand, the dual-purpose Longspan Bridge (as: Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, in the Shanghai City of building " Min Pu Er Qiao ") of many rail traffic bridges or highway and track traffic or be about to build up.These bridges in use constantly are subjected to the erosion of external environments such as temperature variation, high wind, the influence of disasteies such as the prolonged and repeated effect of vehicular load, vehicular impact and earthquake, flood.Increase along with tenure of use, its structured material is constantly aging, fatigue effect constantly increases, thereby cause bridge member in various degree natural accumulated damage and damage suddenly to occur, not only can reduction of service life, but also can serious threat to people's life and property safety.For a long time, people have just recognized the importance of bridge being carried out damage check, based on being used widely in the bridge damnification detection of vibrating in the past few years and developing.
Find through literature search prior art, people such as Zong Zhouhong have set forth bridge structural health monitoring (damage check) system in " University of Fuzhou's journal " (natural science edition) 2002 the 2nd phases 128 ~ 152 pages of papers of delivering " bridge health monitoring is used and present Research " definition and basic comprising have been summed up health monitoring and have been damaged the applicable cases that is identified in the science of bridge building.The bridge damnification detecting system that has of literary composition middle finger is mostly by methods such as power fingerprint and model corrections, causes the change of modal parameters (characteristic frequency, Mode Shape and modal damping) to carry out damage according to the change of geometrical parameters (quality, damping, rigidity).But, because this type systematic needs the input of measuring system mostly, and, the limited amount of measuring point in test, modal data is incomplete; Add influences such as the time variation of having ignored damage and environmental uncertainty factor, can cause very mistake.Therefore, the bridge damnification detecting system major part that comes into operation both at home and abroad only limits to data acquisition, preservation, and carries out scientific management, sets up reasonable bridge evaluation index and use Monitoring Data that to carry out the application of damage check aspect obviously not enough for Monitoring Data.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, adopt rail traffic vehicles, set up a kind of wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system, to satisfy actual needs as excitation.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: two subsystems of data acquisition subsystem and data process subsystem, wherein:
Vibration situation when data acquisition subsystem is responsible for detecting rail traffic vehicles by Longspan Bridge, and collection dynamic response signal is transferred to data process subsystem;
The detected bridge dynamic response of data process subsystem reading of data acquisition subsystem signal, the bridge simulation dynamic load response signal that the binding kinetics analytical calculation obtains realizes Damage detection of bridges; By graphical interfaces and database technology, realize operation and the data management of user to system; In addition, by network technology, realize the communication of local computer and remote computer.
Described data acquisition subsystem comprises: sensor assembly, signal condition module, signal acquisition module, wherein:
Sensor assembly adopts acceleration transducer, be used to measure rail vehicle by the time bridge the vertical vibration acceleration, its laying mode is that n is the natural number greater than 1 along the uniform n of bridge longitudinal center axis, and bridge floor will be divided into n-1 standard damage identified region like this;
The signal condition module be responsible for signal on the sensor amplify, processing such as isolation, filtering.
Signal acquisition module connects signal condition module and computing machine by functions such as digital-to-analog conversions, and finally forms local detection system.
Described data process subsystem comprises that the auxiliary power credit analyses module, local information processing module and teleprocessing module, wherein:
Simulation dynamic load response signal when the auxiliary power credit is analysed module and provided breakdown diagnosis for the local information processing module;
The local information processing module is by carrying out data transmission between the network schemer that adopts client/server (C/S) and make up and the teleprocessing module;
The teleprocessing module adopts the network schemer of client/server (C/S) and local information processing module to make up remote data transmission and storage scheme.
Module is analysed in described auxiliary power credit, the dynamic analysis system of the coupled vibrations of being made up of benchmark bridge numerical model and rail vehicle numerical model.Benchmark bridge numerical model is set up according to the physical size and the material parameter of bridge, after the model analysis checking, meets the vibration characteristics of institute's detection bridge.The numerical model of vehicle is the multivariant dynamical system that car body, bogie and the many rigid bodies of wheel equity are formed, and has two-stage and hangs and drift along, yaw, shake the head, nod, survey to roll and have 27 degree of freedom.The method modeling that coupling between wheel and the track adopts Three-Dimensional Dynamic to contact, can the analog orbit vehicle jump onto the tracks, phenomenon such as derailing, meet the actual contact state between the wheel track more.Find the solution by the demonstration integration, can obtain simulating bridge dynamic load response signal, for the bridge damnification analysis provides primary data.
Described teleprocessing module, form by remote computer and remote data base, remote computer is responsible for carrying out communication with the local information processing module, remote data base then is used for static datas such as information storage time, speed information, damage information, and bridge detects dynamic datas such as dynamic load response signal and simulation dynamic load response signal.
Described local information processing module: read with parsing module, breakdown diagnosis module and telecommunication module by data disaply moudle, signal reading module, data management module, simulating signal and to form, wherein:
Data disaply moudle is the graphical interfaces of system, is used to show Monitoring Data and damage recognition result; In addition, can realize the interactive operation of user and other module of system by this interface;
Signal acquisition module is finished the acquisition function to bridge dynamic load response signal in the hardware subsystem by initialized settings such as buffering and sampling rates;
Data management module mainly is responsible for the database manipulation of software subsystem, and the function that data such as simulation bridge dynamic load response signal that module calculates write down is analysed in detected bridge dynamic load response signal and auxiliary power credit.Simultaneously, carry out operations such as data query, interpolation and deletion according to the request that the user sends, and the result that will operate turns back to data disaply moudle;
Simulating signal reads and parsing module, the data exchange interface that provides local information processing module and auxiliary power credit to analyse module, by resolving and the result of calculation that reads assistant analysis software, form simulation bridge dynamic load response signal, as the comparison signal of the dynamic load response signal that collects in the signal reading module, for the breakdown diagnosis module provides the primary data support;
The breakdown diagnosis module, adopt multi-scale wavelet bag decomposition method, respectively the simulation dynamic load response signal that module calculates being analysed in the dynamic load response signal that collects and auxiliary power credit decomposes at multiband, and calculate wavelet-packet energy spectrum and the bridge damnification positioning index that respectively decomposes each monitoring point under the frequency range, if damage criterion is 0, then damage does not appear in bridge, otherwise, judge that damage appears in bridge, give the alarm, and definite damage location.Described damage positioning index is:
Damage
index＝max
i，j|Ψ
i-1，j-2Ψ
i，j+Ψ
i+1，j|
In the formula, i is for the monitoring location of damage occurring, and j is the frequency range of signal decomposition; Ψ
I, j=E
s(i, j)/E
d(i, j) corresponding i monitoring point, the energy ratio of j frequency range; E
s(i j) is the wavelet-packet energy of bridge simulation dynamic load response signal in i monitoring point, j frequency range; E
d(i j) detects the wavelet-packet energy of dynamic load response signal in i monitoring point, j frequency range for bridge;
The telecommunication module is the communication interface of local information processing module and teleprocessing module, has realized according to real-time transmission, timed sending and the data transmission mechanism asked for as required.In order not take the working time of detection computations machine CPU, thereby make application program can move sooner, static data wherein (temporal information, speed information, damage identifying information etc.) and real-time Monitoring Data (bridge detects dynamic load response signal and simulation dynamic load response signal) adopt differing transmission protocols to realize respectively.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention has considered under the effect of moving track vehicular load, and vehicle inertia and self vibration more tally with the actual situation to car-bridge coupled effect, have reduced the error of numerical evaluation;
(2) carry out bridge damnification when analyzing, considered that part damage in the bridge structure is opened, closed time-varying Characteristics under carload, improved the precision of damage identification;
(3) system has the characteristics of modularization, stratification, application program can be moved sooner, information type data wherein and dynamic load response are surveyed data and are adopted differing transmission protocols to realize respectively, have reduced the occupancy of system CPU, have Data Transmission Feature preferably;
(4) simultaneously, owing to need not to measure input (excitation) signal, the relative classic method in monitoring point is less, as long as measure bridge vibratory response data under the excitation of moving track vehicle, just can damage the location, do not influence the normal use of bridge structure during the vibratory response DATA REASONING, in engineering, be easier to realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention The general frame;
Fig. 2 is the data acquisition subsystem structural representation of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 rail vehicle and bridge coupling power analytical model;
The fundamental diagram of Fig. 4 breakdown diagnosis module;
Fig. 5 remote data communication model synoptic diagram;
Wherein: D1: temporal information, D2: speed information, D3: the flaw detection identifying information, D4: bridge detects and simulation dynamic load response signal.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Present embodiment is primarily aimed at damage check and the recognition system that railway, railway and the highway Longspan Bridge that has track traffic such as dual-purpose is set up.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises: two parts of data acquisition subsystem and data process subsystem, wherein, data acquisition subsystem is built as shown in Figure 2, along the uniform n of a bridge longitudinal center axis acceleration transducer, sensor is used to measure the acceleration of the vertical vibration of bridge when vehicle passes through, and bridge floor will be divided into n-1 standard damage identified region like this; The signal condition bus SCXI of white definition that utilizes NI company is as the signal condition module of data acquisition subsystem, can finish the multiple sensor signal well imports and signal condition simultaneously, by signal of sensor is amplified, isolation, filtering, make it to adapt to digital-to-analog conversion.PXI module by NI company is carried out digital-to-analog conversion as the signal acquisition module of data acquisition subsystem to the output signal of SCXI, finishes functions such as data acquisition, record and analysis in conjunction with software subsystem.
As shown in Figure 1, the data process subsystem of native system is by comprising that the auxiliary power credit analyses module, local information processing module and teleprocessing module and form.Simulation dynamic load response signal when auxiliary power credit is wherein analysed module and provided breakdown diagnosis for the local information processing module; The teleprocessing module adopts the network schemer of client/server (C/S) and local information processing module to make up remote data transmission and storage scheme.Introduce each functional module in the data process subsystem below in detail:
(1) module is analysed in the auxiliary power credit of data process subsystem, the dynamic analysis system of the coupled vibrations of being made up of benchmark bridge numerical model and rail vehicle numerical model.Its coupling power analytical model as shown in Figure 3, benchmark bridge numerical model and rail vehicle model are set up according to member locus, physical dimension, material behavior, type of attachment, benchmark bridge numerical model wherein meets the vibration characteristics of institute's detection bridge through model analysis and correction; The numerical model of the vehicle multivariant dynamical system that to be car body 1, bogie 2 and wheel form many rigid bodies such as 3, the damping of single stage suspension device 4 and secondary suspension device 5 is all handled as linear viscous damping, the elasticity that is connected between each rigid body connects, the car load vehicle has just had and drifts along, yaw, shakes the head, nods, surveys and roll like this, has 27 degree of freedom.The method modeling that coupling between wheel and the track adopts Three-Dimensional Dynamic to contact, can the analog orbit vehicle jump onto the tracks, phenomenon such as derailing, meet the actual contact state between the wheel track more.Find the solution by the demonstration integration, can obtain simulating bridge dynamic load response signal, for the bridge damnification analysis provides primary data.
(2) the teleprocessing module of data process subsystem is made up of remote computer and remote data base.Remote computer is responsible for adopting the pattern of client/server (C/S) to carry out communication with the local information processing module.Remote data base then is used for static datas such as information storage time, speed information, damage identifying information, and bridge detects dynamic datas such as dynamic load response signal and simulation dynamic load response signal.
(3) the local information processing module is by comprising that data disaply moudle, signal reading module, data management module, simulating signal read and parsing module, breakdown diagnosis module and telecommunication module:
A) in the internal memory of computing machine, set a zone (be not on the data collecting card FIFO buffering) by signal reading module, be used for interim store data, solve because to gather the sample of sample numerous the problem that data have little time to show.After the initialized setting of finishing sampling rate, can realize acquisition function to bridge dynamic load response signal in the hardware subsystem;
B) data disaply moudle provides graphical interfaces for system, is used to show Monitoring Data and damage recognition result; In addition, can realize the interactive operation of user and other module of system by this module;
C) simulating signal reads and parsing module, data exchange interface as data process subsystem and dynamics assistant analysis module, can read the result of calculation of the dynamic analysis system of the coupled vibrations that benchmark bridge numerical model and rail vehicle numerical model form, and the result is resolved to the bridge simulation dynamic load response signal that meets damage identification module computation requirement.
D) the breakdown diagnosis module realizes the judgement and the identification of bridge damnification according to method shown in Figure 4.To be read into the breakdown diagnosis module from the bridge dynamic load response signal of data acquisition module with from the simulation dynamic load response signal of assistant analysis software data Switching Module, handle by following principle:
At first to bridge simulation dynamic load response signal f
sWith detection dynamic load response signal f
dCarrying out the multi-scale wavelet bag decomposes:
Wherein, C1
i J, k(t), C2
i J, k(t) be wavelet packet coefficient,
Be wavelet packet functions, i, j, k are respectively sound interval parameter, scale parameter and translation parameters;
Each node of WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION tree (j, i) on, wavelet packet coefficient C1
i j, C2
i jWith signal content S1
i j, S2
i jCan show the characteristics of signals of original signal in j yardstick i sound interval; Can pass through wavelet packet functions ψ
i J, k(t) reconstruct obtains the decomposed signal on each node:
Node corresponding (j, i) the signal content energy on is:
The signal content node energy has provided the distribution characteristics of signal energy on different scale and the frequency band as can be seen.Calculate damage positioning index Damage according to the wavelet-packet energy spectrum of each measuring point
IndexIf index is 0, then damage does not appear in bridge, otherwise, give the alarm, and definite damage location.
E) data management module adopts the database technology realization of programming, and can store from the detection signal of signal acquisition module with from the simulating signal of assistant analysis software data Switching Module.Simultaneously, carry out operations such as data query, interpolation and deletion according to the request that the user sends, and the result that will operate turns back to data disaply moudle.
F) telecommunication module is the communication interface of local information processing module and teleprocessing module, adopts the mode construction of client/server (C/S), and carries out data transmission according to real-time transmission, timed sending and the mechanism of asking for as required.The data of system are divided into static data (temporal information, speed information, damage identifying information etc.) and dynamic data (bridge detects dynamic load response signal and simulation dynamic load response signal), in order not take the working time of detection computations machine CPU, thereby make application program can move sooner, during data transmission, set up data communication model as shown in Figure 5.Static data adopts the socket technology of ICP/IP protocol to realize, in the transmission course, adopts unified data packet format as follows:
[command number] #@[data 1] #@[data 2] the #@...[data n] the #@[transmit leg] #@[take over party], " #@ " wherein is the decollator of packet.
In order to guarantee the exchanges data rate of good real-time and Geng Gao, add safety practices such as having access control management, system's dynamic load response data adopts the DataSocket host-host protocol of NI company to realize.
As seen from the above, the present embodiment data process subsystem adopts VC++ platform development and integrated, by the detected bridge dynamic load of reading of data acquisition subsystem response signal, the bridge simulation dynamic load response signal that the binding kinetics analysis module calculates realizes Damage detection of bridges; By graphical interfaces and database technology, realize operation and the data management of user to system; In addition, by network technology, realize the communication of local computer and remote computer.Present embodiment has the characteristics of modularization, stratification, but intercommunication news between each functional module.The damage recognition system considered the vibration of inertia and vehicle self to car-bridge coupled effect and under the moving vehicle load action time variation of bridge damnification, improved the precision of bridge damnification identification; During signals collecting, do not influence the normal use of bridge structure, in engineering, be easier to realize.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system is characterized in that, comprising: two subsystems of data acquisition subsystem and data process subsystem, wherein:
Vibration situation when data acquisition subsystem is responsible for detecting rail traffic vehicles by Longspan Bridge, and collection dynamic response signal is transferred to data process subsystem;
The detected bridge dynamic response of data process subsystem reading of data acquisition subsystem signal, the bridge simulation dynamic load response signal that the binding kinetics analytical calculation obtains realizes Damage detection of bridges, by graphical interfaces and database technique user operation and data management, and realize the communication of local computer and remote computer by network technology to system.
2, wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described data acquisition subsystem comprises: sensor assembly, signal condition module, signal acquisition module, wherein:
Sensor assembly adopts acceleration transducer, be used to measure rail vehicle by the time bridge the vertical vibration acceleration, its laying mode be along the uniform n of bridge longitudinal center axis, bridge floor will be divided into n-1 standard and damage identified region like this;
The signal condition module be responsible for signal on the sensor amplify, isolation, Filtering Processing;
Signal acquisition module connects signal condition module and computing machine by digital-to-analog conversion, and finally forms local detection system.
3, wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described data process subsystem comprises that the auxiliary power credit analyses module, local information processing module and teleprocessing module, wherein:
Simulation dynamic load response signal when the auxiliary power credit is analysed module and provided breakdown diagnosis for the local information processing module;
The local information processing module is by carrying out data transmission between the network schemer that adopts client/server and make up and the teleprocessing module;
The teleprocessing module adopts the network schemer of client/server and local information processing module to make up remote data transmission and storage scheme.
4, wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, module is analysed in described auxiliary power credit, the dynamic analysis system of the coupled vibrations of forming by benchmark bridge numerical model and rail vehicle numerical model, benchmark bridge numerical model is set up according to the physical size and the material parameter of bridge, after the model analysis checking, meet the vibration characteristics of institute's detection bridge; The numerical model of vehicle is the multivariant dynamical system that car body, bogie and wheel are formed these many rigid bodies, having two-stage hangs and drifts along, yaw, shakes the head, nods, surveys to roll and have 27 degree of freedom, the method modeling that coupling between wheel and the track adopts Three-Dimensional Dynamic to contact, obtain simulating bridge dynamic load response signal by showing that integration is found the solution, for the bridge damnification analysis provides primary data.
5, wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described teleprocessing module, form by remote computer and remote data base, remote computer is responsible for carrying out communication with the local information processing module, remote data base then is used to store the static data that comprises temporal information, speed information, damage information, and comprises that bridge detects the dynamic data of dynamic load response signal and simulation dynamic load response signal.
6, wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described local information processing module: read with parsing module, breakdown diagnosis module and telecommunication module by data disaply moudle, signal reading module, data management module, simulating signal and to form, wherein:
Data disaply moudle is the graphical interfaces of system, is used to show Monitoring Data and damage recognition result; In addition, realize the interactive operation of user and other module of system by this interface;
Signal acquisition module is finished the acquisition function to bridge dynamic load response signal in the hardware subsystem by buffering and the initialized setting of sampling rate;
Data management module, be responsible for the database manipulation of software subsystem, and the simulation bridge dynamic load response signal data that module calculates is analysed in detected bridge dynamic load response signal and auxiliary power credit carried out record, simultaneously, carry out data query, interpolation and deletion action according to the request that the user sends, and the result that will operate turns back to data disaply moudle;
Simulating signal reads and parsing module, the data exchange interface that provides local information processing module and auxiliary power credit to analyse module, by resolving and the result of calculation that reads assistant analysis software, form simulation bridge dynamic load response signal, as the comparison signal of the dynamic load response signal that collects in the signal reading module, for the breakdown diagnosis module provides the primary data support;
The breakdown diagnosis module, adopt multi-scale wavelet bag decomposition method, respectively the simulation dynamic load response signal that module calculates being analysed in the dynamic load response signal that collects and auxiliary power credit decomposes at multiband, and calculate wavelet-packet energy spectrum and the bridge damnification positioning index that respectively decomposes each monitoring point under the frequency range, if damage criterion is 0, then damage does not appear in bridge, otherwise, judge that damage appears in bridge, give the alarm, and definite damage location;
The telecommunication module is the communication interface of local information processing module and teleprocessing module, has realized according to real-time transmission, timed sending and the data transmission mechanism asked for as required.
7, wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described breakdown diagnosis module, and damage positioning index wherein is:
Damage
index＝max
i，j|Ψ
i-1，j-2Ψ
i，j+Ψ
i+1，j|
In the formula, i is for the monitoring location of damage occurring, and j is the frequency range of signal decomposition; Ψ
I, j=E
s(i, j)/E
d(i, j) corresponding i monitoring point, the energy ratio of j frequency range; E
s(i j) is the wavelet-packet energy of bridge simulation dynamic load response signal in i monitoring point, j frequency range; E
d(i j) detects the wavelet-packet energy of dynamic load response signal in i monitoring point, j frequency range for bridge.
8, wide span rail traffic bridge damnification detecting system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described telecommunication module, and the dynamic data of static data wherein and monitoring in real time adopts differing transmission protocols to realize transmission respectively:
Static data adopts the socket technology of ICP/IP protocol to realize, in the transmission course, adopt unified data packet format as [command number] #@[data 1] #@[data 2] the #@...[data n] the #@[transmit leg] #@[take over party], " #@ " wherein is the decollator of packet;
Detection of dynamic The data DSTP agreement realizes.
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