CN107423692A - A kind of rail corrugation fault detection method based on wavelet-packet energy entropy - Google Patents
A kind of rail corrugation fault detection method based on wavelet-packet energy entropy Download PDFInfo
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- CN107423692A CN107423692A CN201710528466.2A CN201710528466A CN107423692A CN 107423692 A CN107423692 A CN 107423692A CN 201710528466 A CN201710528466 A CN 201710528466A CN 107423692 A CN107423692 A CN 107423692A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- G06F2218/02—Preprocessing
- G06F2218/04—Denoising
- G06F2218/06—Denoising by applying a scale-space analysis, e.g. using wavelet analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01B17/04—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by vibrating string
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- G06F2218/08—Feature extraction
- G06F2218/10—Feature extraction by analysing the shape of a waveform, e.g. extracting parameters relating to peaks
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rail corrugation fault detection method based on wavelet-packet energy entropy.This method includes following steps：First by the vibration acceleration sensor on car body axle box, the Vertical Acceleration signal of axle box is obtained, and processing is filtered to the vibration signal of collection by low pass filter, retains raceway surface depression coherent signal；Then carry out j layers wavelet-packet energy to filtered axle box vertical vibration signal to decompose, by signal decomposition into the 2j child node signals for including different frequency band；Then the wavelet-packet energy of signal after decomposing is calculated；The wavelet-packet energy entropy and total entropy of each node are finally calculated, judges that raceway surface grinds failure with the presence or absence of ripple by contrasting total entropy and threshold value.The present invention is simple in construction, easy to operate, is capable of the detection rail corrugation failure of fast accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to railroad track state inspection field, particularly a kind of rail ripple based on wavelet-packet energy entropy
Grind fault detection method.
Background technology
Critical component of the track as carrying train operation, its state affect the safe operation of train closely.Daily
Running in, track constantly by wheel pair impact and compressing, it may appear that laterally and vertical deformation, serious deformation meeting
Safe operation to train causes huge harm, and it requires can detect rail corrugation failure in time.
Train will cause train exciting when passing through track irregularity circuit, and axle box is connected with rigidity of vehicle body, therefore axle box
On vibration signal will retain rail fault information.Since the seventies in last century, external many countries have just established successively
Kind track detecting system, at present subway line fault detect can be generally divided into stationary detection technique and dynamic detection technology two
Kind.Stationary detection technique refers to track in the case of no train load, and work is detected using track forces, the string of a musical instrument, circuit check instrument etc.
Tool or equipment detect to track.Dynamic detection technology refers in load conditions carry out track state-detection, main at present
The detection method wanted has：Special rail inspection car test is surveyed and the vehicular circuit check instrument based on vehicle in use.China is autonomous at present
GJ-3, GJ-4 and GJ-5 type track checking car of research and development.GJ-5 types track checking car uses relatively advanced machine vision metrology method, together
GJ-3 and GJ-4 in detection project and accuracy of detection compared to it no matter improve a lot, and technical strength is in the world today
Top standard.Track condition detection based on vehicle in use is actually the analysis to various cab signals, domestic at present to learn
Person is more, and the mode based on vibration analysis method or machine vision carries out corresponding failure detection technique research.The existing machine in China at present
Car vehicular circuit check instrument mainly has the type circuit check instruments of CGD- II, but cost is higher, needs surface units to coordinate, maintenance effect
Rate is not high.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of it is simple in construction, easy to operate, cost is low, efficiency high based on wavelet packet energy
Measure the rail corrugation fault detection method of entropy.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is：A kind of rail corrugation fault detect based on wavelet-packet energy entropy
Method, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the axle box of car body, obtains the Vertical Acceleration signal of axle box
And speed；
Step 2, processing is filtered to the Vertical Acceleration signal of collection using low pass filter；
Step 3, j layer WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITIONs are carried out to filtered axle box vertical vibration signal, signal decomposition is wrapped into 2j
The child node information of the band containing different frequency；
Step 4, the wavelet-packet energy of signal after decomposing is calculated；
Step 5, the wavelet-packet energy entropy of each node is calculated；
Step 6, calculate the total entropy of decomposed signal and compare with threshold value, if total entropy exceeds the threshold value, judge that rail is present
Undaform is worn away, and is otherwise worn away in the absence of undaform.
As a kind of concrete scheme, the low pass filter described in step 2 is Chebyshev's bandpass filter, and turn-on frequency is
[80Hz,700Hz]。
As a kind of concrete scheme, the wavelet basis function that WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION described in step 3 is selected is Daubechise small echos,
That is dbN small echos, N are exponent number, and Daubechise expression is：
In formula,For binomial coefficient.
As a kind of concrete scheme, the wavelet-packet energy of signal, is comprised the following steps that after the calculating described in step 4 is decomposed：
(4.1) the wavelet package reconstruction coefficient for the height frequency sequence that setting procedure 3 obtains is Sjk, k=0,1 ... 2j-1；
(4.2) the wavelet-packet energy value E of each subsequence is calculatedjk, k=0,1 ... 2j-1：
In formula, Ai(t) it is the amplitude maximum at the node, ti-1And tiIt is the beginning and ending time of the node respectively；
(4.3) total energy value E is calculated：
As a kind of concrete scheme, the wavelet-packet energy entropy of each node of calculating described in step 5, concretely comprise the following steps：
(5.1) each child node ENERGY E is calculatedjkRelative to gross energy E Probability pjk：
In formula, Pjk(i) probability of the kth child node relative to gross energy is decomposed for jth layer；
(5.2) wavelet-packet energy entropy measure value is asked for, calculation formula is as follows
In formula, HjkK-th of wavelet-packet energy entropy measure after being decomposed for signal j layers.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the present invention：(1) on-line checking of the detection mode based on vehicle in use,
Real-time is good, easy to detect, cost is low, avoids the operation, maintenance and scheduling cost of track checking car；(2) vibrating sensor is installed
It is simple and convenient, adapt to the severe working environment in scene；(3) vibration collected using vibration acceleration sensor on axle box
Signal, by carrying out wavelet-packet energy entropy analysis to vibration signal, the detection to rail Corrugation is realized, there is detection speed
Degree is fast, the advantages of wide adaptation range.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the Rail corrugation detection method of the invention based on wavelet-packet energy entropy.
Fig. 2 is sensor scheme of installation in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is Chebyshev's bandpass filter passband curve map.
Fig. 4 is the axle box vertical vibration signal schematic representation collected in embodiment.
Fig. 5 is that 700~900m axle boxes in embodiment after frequency reducing vibrate time domain beamformer.
Fig. 6 is four layers of WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION child node signal graph in embodiment.
Fig. 7 be embodiment in the schematic diagram of 700~900m, tetra- layers of wavelet-packet energies and Energy-Entropy, wherein (a) be 700~
Tetra- layers of WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION energy diagrams of 900m, (b) are 700~900m, tetra- layers of WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION Energy-Entropy schematic diagrames.
Embodiment
Scheme in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments to be described in further detail the present invention below.
With reference to Fig. 1, the rail corrugation fault detection method of the invention based on wavelet-packet energy entropy, specifically comprising following step
Suddenly：
Step 1, vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the axle box of car body as shown in Figure 2, obtains the vertical vibration of axle box
Acceleration signal.
Step 2, processing is filtered to the vibration signal of collection using low pass filter, retain has with raceway surface depression
The information of pass, remove the High-frequency Interferences such as noise.Due to more than track ripple mill wavelength between 30-250mm, and the operation of municipal rail train
Speed is no more than 80km/h, therefore the passband section of bandpass filter is set to [80Hz, 700Hz], as shown in Figure 3.
Step 3, j layer WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITIONs are carried out to filtered axle box vertical vibration signal, makes signal decomposition into 2j bag
The child node information of the band containing different frequency.The wavelet basis function of the selection is Daubechise small echos, and also known as dbN small echos, N is
Exponent number, Daubechise expression are：
In formula,For binomial coefficient.
Step 4, the wavelet-packet energy of signal after decomposing, including the wavelet-packet energy of each node and the total energy of signal are calculated
Value, is comprised the following steps that
(4.1) the wavelet package reconstruction coefficient for the height frequency sequence that step 3 obtains is expressed as Sjk, k=0,1 ... 2j-1。
(4.2) the wavelet-packet energy value E of each subsequence is calculatedjk, k=0,1 ... 2j-1：
In formula, Ai(t) it is the amplitude maximum at the node, ti-1And tiIt is the beginning and ending time of the node respectively；
(4.3) total energy value E is calculated：
Step 5, the wavelet-packet energy entropy of each node is calculated, is comprised the following steps that：
(5.1) each child node ENERGY E is calculatedjkRelative to gross energy E Probability pjk：
In formula, Pjk(i) probability of the kth child node relative to gross energy is decomposed for jth layer；
(5.2) wavelet-packet energy entropy measure value is asked for, calculation formula is as follows
In formula, HjkK-th of wavelet-packet energy entropy measure after being decomposed for signal j layers.
Step 6, calculate the total entropy of decomposed signal and compare with threshold value, if total entropy exceeds the threshold value, judge this section of track
Axle box vibration signal includes track ripple mill failure, and track ripple mill failure is conversely then not present.The threshold value is needed according to actual conditions
The running status of such as train is adjusted.
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is acquired using certain type train axle box vertical vibration signal of certain MTR, and experimental line is certain
Circuit between the website of circuit two, line length 1.2km, operation average speed are 55km/h, sample frequency 10kHz, are adopted
Axle box vertical vibration time domain plethysmographic signal figure such as Fig. 4 of collection.
Processing is filtered to this section of vibration signal using chebyshev low-pass filter first, filters out useless clutter letter
Breath.To reduce amount of calculation, the one piece of data for choosing 700-900m in Fig. 4 is analyzed, and WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION is carried out for convenience of follow-up,
10 times of down conversion process are carried out to 700-900m segment datas, the 700-900 axle boxes vibration time domain waveform after frequency reducing is as shown in Figure 5.
Four layers of WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION, each node signal of wavelet packet such as Fig. 6 after decomposition are carried out to the axle box vibration signal of selection
It is shown.S0 is original axle box vibration signal in figure, and s040~s0415 is that the corresponding child node after four layers of WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION is small
Ripple bag coefficient figure.Calculate 16 child nodes after decomposing successively according to step 3,4,5 and carry out wavelet-packet energy and wavelet-packet energy
Entropy calculates, and for result of calculation as shown in fig. 7, wherein (a) is 700~900m, tetra- layers of WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION energy diagrams, (b) is 700
Tetra- layers of WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION Energy-Entropy schematic diagrames of~900m.Read group total is carried out to Fig. 7 (b) wavelet-packet energy entropy, obtain 700~
Wavelet-packet energy entropy at 900m is 2.3752, and live this section of track circuit two-stage threshold value is respectively 1.65 and 1.90, because
This judges that track has ripple mill failure at this.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of rail corrugation fault detection method based on wavelet-packet energy entropy, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the axle box of car body, obtains the Vertical Acceleration signal and car of axle box
Speed；
Step 2, processing is filtered to the Vertical Acceleration signal of collection using low pass filter；
Step 3, j layer WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITIONs are carried out to filtered axle box vertical vibration signal, by signal decomposition into 2j comprising not
The child node information of same frequency band；
Step 4, the wavelet-packet energy of signal after decomposing is calculated；
Step 5, the wavelet-packet energy entropy of each node is calculated；
Step 6, calculate the total entropy of decomposed signal and compare with threshold value, if total entropy exceeds the threshold value, judge that rail has wave
Type is worn away, and is otherwise worn away in the absence of undaform.
2. the rail corrugation fault detection method according to claim 1 based on wavelet-packet energy entropy, it is characterised in that step
Low pass filter described in rapid 2 is Chebyshev's bandpass filter, and turn-on frequency is [80Hz, 700Hz].
3. the rail corrugation fault detection method according to claim 1 based on wavelet-packet energy entropy, it is characterised in that step
The wavelet basis function that rapid 3 WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION is selected is Daubechise small echos, i.e. dbN small echos, and N is exponent number,
Daubechise expression is：
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4. the rail corrugation fault detection method according to claim 1 based on wavelet-packet energy entropy, it is characterised in that step
The wavelet-packet energy of signal, is comprised the following steps that after calculating described in rapid 4 is decomposed：
(4.1) the wavelet package reconstruction coefficient for the height frequency sequence that setting procedure 3 obtains is Sjk, k=0,1 ... 2j-1；
(4.2) the wavelet-packet energy value E of each subsequence is calculatedjk, k=0,1 ... 2j-1：
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The wavelet-packet energy entropy of each node of calculating described in rapid 5, is concretely comprised the following steps：
(5.1) each child node ENERGY E is calculatedjkRelative to gross energy E Probability pjk：
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109080661A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-25 | 广州地铁集团有限公司 | It is a kind of that fault detection method is ground based on the track wave of EEMD Energy-Entropy and WVD |
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| CN109543550B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2023-04-18 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Steel rail acceleration signal identification method and identification device |
| CN109444660A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-08 | 武汉拓清科技有限公司 | Method for identifying faults and interferences of power transmission line |
| CN110015319A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-07-16 | 北京锦鸿希电信息技术股份有限公司 | Track wave grinds recognition methods, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN114715222A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2022-07-08 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Steel rail online detection method and system |
| CN113486874A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-10-08 | 西南交通大学 | Rail corrugation feature identification method based on wheel-rail noise wavelet packet decomposition |
| CN113486874B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-05 | 西南交通大学 | Rail corrugation feature identification method based on wheel-rail noise wavelet packet decomposition |
| CN114659486A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-24 | 成都唐源电气股份有限公司 | Steel rail inertia corrugation measurement method based on digital filtering |
| CN114659486B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-09-29 | 成都唐源电气股份有限公司 | Digital filtering-based rail inertia wave mill measuring method |
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Application publication date: 20171201 |