CN101267122A - Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple serial lithium battery - Google Patents
Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple serial lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN101267122A CN101267122A CNA2008100013078A CN200810001307A CN101267122A CN 101267122 A CN101267122 A CN 101267122A CN A2008100013078 A CNA2008100013078 A CN A2008100013078A CN 200810001307 A CN200810001307 A CN 200810001307A CN 101267122 A CN101267122 A CN 101267122A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a charge-discharge protection circuit of a multiple-section series Li-ion battery, including at least two section Li-ion battery mutually serial connection in orders, an external connective load and a charge power; characterized in that two ends of each section Li-ion battery is accordingly connected with a sampling circuit and a signal conversion circuit, further including a public execution circuit. The invention fully applies the single-section Li-ion battery protection chip, each Li-ion battery is matched with a single-section Li-ion battery protection chip, forming an unit circuit by matching with a fet; each unit circuit includes a sampling circuit and a signal conversion circuit, for monitoring voltage of each single Li-ion battery and output control signal; the charge-discharge voltage and the current of each single Li-ion battery is wholly controlled by the execution circuit which core is the fet, only when the working voltage of the single Li-ion battery is too high and low, or the working current of the Li-ion battery is too high, the charge or discharge of the circuit is closed, achieving the aim of the protecting the Li-ion battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charge-discharge protection circuit of lithium battery, especially relate to a kind of charge-discharge protection circuit of connecting by two joints or the above multisection lithium battery of two joints.
Background technology
Lithium battery is because have the advantages that than nickel-cadmium cell, the Ni-MH battery of routine power supply capacity is higher and power quality is lighter, by widely as the rechargeable battery of all kinds of portable or mobile products such as mobile phone, electric tool.Rechargeable battery in use; overcharge, overdischarge and overcurrent all can influence battery useful life and performance, is Safety Design, the electric core of battery; especially lithium-ion electric core must install baffle additional, to prevent to overcharge, to cross danger such as putting the burning that causes with short circuit, blast.
At present; each big IC RICOH of Chevron Research Company (CRC) in the world; MITSUMI; NS; TI; Maxim etc. are producing or are researching and developing the integrated chip that is fit to li-ion cell protection; for the protective core chip technology scheme of single-unit lithium ion battery comparative maturity; but; for this series products such as picture electric tools; often need the above lithium battery series connection of two joints that operating voltage is provided; increase along with number of batteries; on the market two joints are arranged also now; three joints; the privacy protection chip of four joint lithium batteries; the design difficulty of but such privacy protection chip and manufacturing cost are all high a lot of than single-unit li-ion cell protection chip; for five joints; six joints or the lithium battery that gets up of multi-section serial more; because the complexity of circuit increases; integrated circuit technology is subjected to certain restriction; also do not have special chip available, generally all adopt the method for the peripheral change-over circuit of protective core oblique cut grafting to realize the charge and discharge protecting of multi-section serial lithium battery.
The Chinese invention patent " a kind of lithium cell charging protective circuit " that if any application number is 03146990.6 (publication number is CN1529396A) is the element loop of core by what connect successively with master control IC chip and peripheral circuit thereof; the metal-oxide-semiconductor that adopts low conducting resistance is as control switch; reduce the internal resistance of series connection protection circuit plate, can meet the tandem working of the charge protector of a plurality of single-unit lithium batteries.But each joint lithium battery of this patent all will be equipped with two powerful control valves that discharge and recharge, and circuit power consumption is big, cost is high.Other has application number is the Chinese invention patent " guard method of multisection lithium battery series battery and circuit thereof " of 200410015330.4 (publication number is CN1655416A), its method is: each joint cell connects a voltage monitoring module, the voltage monitoring module to the sampling of the both positive and negative polarity current potential of corresponding cell, relatively, be signal with reference to current potential with detected conversion of signals for electrode potential by change-over circuit with battery pack; Current monitoring module samples battery pack loop current obtains electrode potential with battery pack and is charging, discharging current detection signal with reference to current potential, and single-chip microcomputer receives above-mentioned signal and controls charging control switch or the break-make of discharge control switch.Above-mentioned patent has overcome the problem of the charge and discharge protecting of tradition and the uncontrollable multisection lithium battery series connection of existing integrated protection chip; but the current detection module of using in the circuit is circuit independently; also need to use single-chip microcomputer and control discharge and charge switch; it is many that circuit relates to components and parts; the cost height; connect comparatively complicatedly, and single-chip microcomputer itself will consume certain power, causes lithium battery to lose capacity after placing the long period and scraps.At present; the single-unit li-ion cell protection chip that has been widely used is the IC integrated chip of individual packages; has the function that can detect charging and discharging currents and voltage simultaneously; therefore; if wish in circuit, to adopt this single-unit li-ion cell protection chip to realize the charge and discharge protecting of multisection lithium battery, also need existing circuit is made further improvement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provide at above-mentioned prior art present situation a kind of cost and power consumption all lower, by the charge-discharge protection circuit of the multi-section serial lithium battery of a plurality of single-unit li-ion cell protection chip portfolios.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: the charge-discharge protection circuit of this multi-section serial lithium battery includes
The lithium battery (BT1, BT2...BTn) that at least two joints are connected successively mutually;
External load (RL); And
Charge power supply;
It is characterized in that: each saves described lithium battery (BT1, BT2...BTn) two ends all are connected with a sample circuit and a signaling conversion circuit accordingly, wherein, described sample circuit, include the first resistance (R1a, R2a...Rna), second resistance (the R1b, R2b...Rnb), first electric capacity (the C1, C2...Cn), first diode (the D1a, D2a...Dna) and the protection chip (IC1 of control single-unit lithium battery, IC2...ICn), the described first resistance (R1a, R2a...Rna) a end links to each other with the positive pole of this section lithium battery of correspondence, the other end is through the described first electric capacity (C1, C2...Cn) connect the negative pole of corresponding this section lithium battery, described protection chip (IC1, IC2...ICn) two voltage input ends (5,6) be connected in parallel on the described first electric capacity (C1 respectively, C2...Cn) two ends, the described first diode (D1a, D2a...Dna) negative electrode is through the described second resistance (R1b, R2b...Rnb) negative pole of this section lithium battery of connection correspondence;
Described signaling conversion circuit, include the first field effect transistor (Q1a, Q2a...Qna), second field effect transistor (the Q1b, Q2b...Qnb), the 3rd resistance (R1c, R2c...Rnc), the 4th resistance (R1d, R2d...Rnd) and the second diode (D1b, D2b...Dnb), the described first field effect transistor (Q1a, Q2a...Qna) grid and described protection chip (IC1, IC2...ICn) the trigger end (3) that overcharges links to each other, first field effect transistor (the Q1a, Q2a...Qna) source electrode links to each other with the positive pole of this section lithium battery of correspondence, first field effect transistor (the Q1a, Q2a...Qna) drain electrode and described the 3rd resistance (R1c, R2c...Rnc) first end links to each other, the described second field effect transistor (Q1b, Q2b...Qnb) grid and described protection chip (IC1, IC2...ICn) mistake is put trigger end (1) and is linked to each other, second field effect transistor (the Q1b, Q2b...Qnb) source electrode links to each other the second field effect transistor (Q1b with the positive pole of this section lithium battery of correspondence, Q2b...Qnb) drain electrode is through described the 4th resistance (R1d, R2d...Rnd) with the described second diode (D1b, D2b...Dnb) anode links to each other;
Each second end that saves pairing the 3rd resistance of described lithium battery (BT1, BT2...BTn) (R1c, R2c...Rnc) is that concurrent connects, as first public output (A), the negative electrode concurrent of each joint pairing second diode of lithium battery (D1b, D2b...Dnb) connects, as second public output (B), described first, second public output (A, B) connects a total public executive circuit;
Described public executive circuit includes the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3); the 4th field effect transistor (Q4); the 5th resistance (R5); the 6th resistance (R6); the 5th field effect transistor (Q5); the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) and self-locking resistance (RX); the grid of described the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3) links to each other with described first public output (A); the negative pole (p-) of the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3) source electrode and described charge power supply joins; the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3) drain electrode one tunnel connects an end of described the 5th resistance (R5); another road connects the grid of described the 6th field effect transistor (Q6); the grid of described the 4th field effect transistor (Q4) links to each other with described second public output (B); the 4th field effect transistor (Q4) source electrode connects the negative pole of first segment lithium battery (BT1); the 4th field effect transistor (Q4) drain electrode one tunnel connects an end of described the 6th resistance (R6); another road connects the grid of described the 5th field effect transistor (Q5); and; the other end of the other end of described the 5th resistance (R5) and the 6th resistance (R6) is connected to a node (C); and receive any one by described node (C) and save described lithium battery (BT1; BT2...BTn) positive pole; the source electrode of described the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) connects the negative pole (P-) of described charge power supply; the drain electrode one tunnel of the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) links to each other with the drain electrode of described the 5th field effect transistor (Q5); another road links to each other with described self-locking resistance (RX) end; the other end of self-locking resistance (RX) connects the Current Control input (2) of first protection chip (IC1), all the other protection chip (IC2; IC3...ICn) Current Control input (2) meets this section lithium battery (BT1; BT2...BTn) negative pole.
Consider the circuit fluctuation of current value in the course of the work, disturb for fear of signal, false triggering does not take place in the current detecting end that guarantees the protection chip, described public executive circuit also includes current-limiting resistance (RY) and sample resistance (RZ), one end of described current-limiting resistance (RY) links to each other with the source electrode of described the 5th field effect transistor (Q5), and the other end links to each other with the Current Control input (2) of first protection chip (IC1); Described sample resistance (RZ) end links to each other the negative pole of the described first segment lithium battery of another termination (BT1) with the source electrode of described the 5th field effect transistor (Q5).Like this, the Current Control input (2) of first protection chip (IC1) just can not be subjected to the influence of the internal resistance of the 5th field effect transistor (Q5) own when current sampling, guarantees that Current Control input (2) only just triggers when surpassing rated current.
For timely testing circuit temperature; prevent overheated work; between the positive pole of described node (C) and any described lithium battery of joint (BT1, BT2...BTn), also be connected with normally closed Temperature protection switch (F2); in case temperature is too high; normally closed Temperature protection switch (F2) will disconnect, in time protective circuit components and parts or prevent that lithium battery from exploding because temperature is too high.
Also be parallel with a delay electric capacity (C0) that prevents the moment impact electric current on the Current Control input (2) of described first protection chip (IC1) and the negative pole two ends of described first segment lithium battery (BT1); when avoiding on rigidly connecting working power; the trigger protection chip is avoided the misoperation of the 5th field effect transistor (Q5) because the moment impact electric current is excessive.
In order to realize the self-protection of circuit; avoid because the excessive or battery short circuit of charging current; can also be serially connected with a resettable fuse (F1) on the loop between negative pole of described charge power supply (P-) and described the 4th field effect transistor (Q4) drain electrode; in case charging current is excessive; then resettable fuse promptly can cut off charge power supply, can recover conducting automatically again after electric current is normal.
Increase along with the serial lithium battery joint number, the grid of the field effect transistor in the executive circuit and source electrode both end voltage also increase thereupon, in order to guarantee the reliability of executive circuit, prevent too high voltage breakdown field effect transistor, described public executive circuit also includes and is connected in parallel on described the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3) respectively, the 4th field effect transistor (Q4), the 5th field effect transistor (Q5), first voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ1) at the grid of the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) and source electrode two ends, second voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ2), the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ3), the 4th voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ4), wherein, described first voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ1), second voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ2), the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ3), the negative electrode of the 4th voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ4) respectively with described the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3), the 4th field effect transistor (Q4), the 5th field effect transistor (Q5), the grid of the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) is corresponding to link to each other; The anode of described first voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ1), second voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ2), the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ3), the 4th voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ4) is corresponding continuous with the source electrode of described the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3), the 4th field effect transistor (Q4), the 5th field effect transistor (Q5), the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) respectively.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: fully use the single-unit li-ion cell protection chip that has been widely used at present, each lithium battery is cooperated a single battery protection chip, and cooperate field effect transistor and form an element loop; Each element loop comprises a sample circuit and a signaling conversion circuit, is used for monitoring the voltage of each joint lithium battery and exporting control signal; Again by by field effect transistor being charging/discharging voltage and the electric current that the executive circuit of core is totally controlled each lithium battery; as long as a joint lithium battery operating voltage that ought be wherein is too high or too low; when perhaps the operating current of lithium battery is too high; the charge or discharge switch of whole charging and discharging circuit will cut out; stop to discharge and recharge, to reach the purpose of protection lithium battery.
Since between the multisection lithium battery for being connected in series; therefore the monitoring of electric current only need be sampled with the Current Control input of first segment li-ion cell protection chip and be got final product; the Current Control input of all the other protection chips can be directly links to each other with the negative pole of this section lithium battery of this protection chip correspondence, perhaps connects the negative pole of this section lithium battery of correspondence after the Current Control input is connected in series a resistance.
This multisection lithium battery series connection protective circuit only just can realize charge and discharge protecting under the multisection lithium battery tandem working with single-unit li-ion cell protection chip; the reason of manufacturing process and cost overcome because can't realize the charge and discharge protecting of most amount serial lithium batteries with traditional li-ion cell protection chip; because single-unit li-ion cell protection chip can directly have been bought finished product from the market; need not otherwise designed; therefore, can be easy to construct the charge-discharge protection circuit of the above multisection lithium battery series connection of two joints.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the charge-discharge protection circuit figure of prior art with single-unit li-ion cell protection chip controls one joint lithium battery.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment one charge-discharge protection circuit figure of the present invention's two joint lithium battery series connection.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment two charge-discharge protection circuit figure of the present invention's two joint lithium battery series connection.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment three charge-discharge protection circuit figure of the present invention's two joint lithium battery series connection.
Fig. 5 is the embodiment four charge-discharge protection circuit figure of the present invention's two joint lithium battery series connection.
Fig. 6 is the embodiment five charge-discharge protection circuit figure of the present invention's two joint lithium battery series connection.
Fig. 7 charges and discharge protective circuit figure for the series connection of the present invention four joint lithium batteries.
Fig. 8 is the charge-discharge protection circuit figure of n joint lithium battery of the present invention series connection.
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, charge-discharge protection circuit for a joint lithium battery in the prior art, this circuit adopts single-unit li-ion cell protection chip, this protection chip have two inputs 5 that are used to gather lithium battery voltage ', 6 ', current detecting end 2 ', and one the charging control end 3 ' and one the discharge control end 1 ', under normal circumstances, charging control end 3 ' and discharge control end 1 ' be high potential, N type discharge control valve Q1 ' and charging control valve Q2 ' are in conducting state, the working method of circuit can be battery to load discharge, also can be that charger charges to battery; When protective circuit detects anomaly, when promptly overcharging, charging control end 3 ' output low level; When overdischarge or overcurrent, discharge control end 1 ' output low level, thus can cut off the charge or discharge loop, realize defencive function.
Because in the practical application; use such as electric tool; often need the above lithium battery series connection of two joints that operating voltage is provided; employing single-unit li-ion cell protection chip can not be realized the protection to the multi-section serial lithium battery; and existing multisection lithium battery protection chip can only be controlled four joint lithium batteries at most; cost is higher, and the above serial lithium battery protection of five joints chip can't obtain at present especially.So the present invention is exactly the charge-discharge protection circuit of a suitable multi-section serial lithium battery that utilized the chip design of above-mentioned single-unit li-ion cell protection.
As Fig. 2～shown in Figure 6, be five specific embodiments of the charge-discharge protection circuit of two joint serial lithium batteries, include lithium battery BT1, the lithium battery BT2 of mutual series connection among these embodiment, the positive pole of lithium battery BT1 connects the anodal p+ of charge power supply, and the negative pole of lithium battery BT2 connects the negative pole p-of charge power supply through the charge/discharge switching tube; It is that the sample circuit of core and one are the signaling conversion circuit of core with low power field effect transistor with R5402 type protection chip that described lithium battery BT1, lithium battery BT2 all include one, also has a total public executive circuit simultaneously; When overtension, brownout or electric current were excessive, the protection chip sent triggering signal, by the charge and discharge protecting of charge closing/discharge switch pipe realization to lithium battery.
Fig. 2 is embodiment one, particularly, the sample circuit of lithium battery BT1 includes the first resistance R 1a, the second resistance R 1b, first capacitor C 1, the first diode D1a and R5402 type protection chip IC1, the end of the described first resistance R 1a links to each other with the positive pole of lithium battery BT1, the other end connects the negative pole of lithium battery BT1 through first capacitor C 1, two voltage input ends 5,6 of described protection chip IC1 are connected in parallel on first capacitor C, 1 two ends respectively, and the negative electrode of the described first diode D1a connects the negative pole of lithium battery BT1 through the second resistance R 1b;
The signaling conversion circuit of lithium battery BT1 includes the P type first field effect transistor Q1a; the P type second field effect transistor Q1b; the 3rd resistance R 1c; the 4th resistance R 1d and the second diode D1b; the grid of the first field effect transistor Q1a links to each other with the trigger end 3 that overcharges of protection chip IC1; the source electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1a links to each other with the positive pole of lithium battery BT1; the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1a links to each other with first end of described the 3rd resistance R 1c; the grid of the second field effect transistor Q1b is put trigger end 1 with the mistake of protection chip IC1 and is linked to each other; the source electrode of the second field effect transistor Q1b links to each other with the positive pole of lithium battery BT1, and the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor Q1b links to each other with the anode of the second diode D1b through the 4th resistance R 1d.
Lithium battery BT2 has sample circuit and the signaling conversion circuit with the identical connected mode of lithium battery BT1, wherein, the sample circuit of lithium battery BT2 includes the first resistance R 2a, the second resistance R 2b, first capacitor C 2, the first diode D2a and R5402 type protection chip IC2, the end of the first resistance R 2a links to each other with the positive pole of lithium battery BT2, the other end connects the negative pole of lithium battery BT2 through first capacitor C 2, two voltage input ends 5 of protection chip IC2,6 are connected in parallel on first capacitor C, 2 two ends respectively, and the negative electrode of the first diode D2a connects the negative pole of lithium battery BT2 through the second resistance R 2b;
The signaling conversion circuit of lithium battery BT2 includes the P type first field effect transistor Q2a, the P type second field effect transistor Q2b, the 3rd resistance R 2c, the 4th resistance R 2d and the second diode D2b, the grid of the first field effect transistor Q2a links to each other with the trigger end 3 that overcharges of protection chip IC2, the source electrode of the first field effect transistor Q2a links to each other with the positive pole of lithium battery BT2, the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor Q2a links to each other with first end of the 3rd resistance R 2c, the grid of the second field effect transistor Q2b is put trigger end 1 with the mistake of protection chip IC2 and is linked to each other, the source electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2b links to each other with the positive pole of lithium battery BT2, the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2b links to each other with the anode of the second diode D2b through the 4th resistance R 2d, and the Current Control input 2 of protection chip IC2 then takes back the negative pole of lithium battery BT2 through resistance R 2e;
In addition, second end of second end of pairing the 3rd resistance R 1c of lithium battery BT1 and pairing the 3rd resistance R 2c of lithium battery BT2 is that concurrent is connected, as the first public output A, and the negative electrode concurrent of the negative electrode of the pairing second diode D1b of lithium battery BT1 and the pairing second diode D2b of lithium battery BT2 is connected, as the second public output B;
Described public executive circuit includes N type the 3rd field effect transistor Q3, N type the 4th field effect transistor Q4, the 5th resistance R 5, the 6th resistance R 6, N type the 5th field effect transistor Q5 (discharge switch pipe), N type the 6th field effect transistor Q6 (charge switch pipe) and self-locking resistance R X; Wherein, the grid of the 3rd field effect transistor Q3 links to each other with the described first public output A, the negative pole p-of the 3rd field effect transistor Q3 source electrode and charge power supply joins, the 3rd field effect transistor Q3 one tunnel end that connects the 5th resistance R 5 that drains, another road connects the grid of the 6th field effect transistor Q6, the grid of the 4th field effect transistor Q4 links to each other with the described second public output B, the 4th field effect transistor Q4 source electrode connects the negative pole of described lithium battery BT1, the 4th field effect transistor Q4 one tunnel end that connects the 6th resistance R 6 that drains, another road connects the grid of the 5th field effect transistor Q5; And; the other end of the other end of the 5th resistance R 5 and the 6th resistance R 6 is connected to node C; node C receives the positive pole of lithium battery BT2; the source electrode of the 6th field effect transistor Q6 meets the negative pole P-of charge power supply; the drain electrode one tunnel of the 6th field effect transistor Q6 links to each other with the drain electrode of the 5th field effect transistor Q5; another road links to each other with self-locking resistance R X one end, and the other end of self-locking resistance R X connects the Current Control input 2 of protection chip IC1.
Under the normal condition; the mistake of protection chip IC1, protection chip IC2 is put trigger end 1 and is overcharged trigger end 3 and is high level; the 5th field effect transistor Q5, the 6th field effect transistor Q6 conducting; the anodal P+ of charge power supply connects the positive pole of lithium battery BT2; the negative pole P-of charge power supply links to each other through the negative pole of the 5th field effect transistor Q5, the 6th field effect transistor Q6 and lithium battery BT1, has formed the charge circuit of a closure.
When one of them battery reaches when overcharging state; when surpassing set point such as lithium battery BT1 both end voltage; the voltage input end 5,6 of protection chip IC1 detects this signal; the trigger end 3 that overcharges of protection chip IC1 becomes low level, the first field effect transistor Q1a conducting, and then the 3rd field effect transistor Q3 conducting; so; the grid potential of the 6th field effect transistor Q6 reduces, and the 6th field effect transistor Q6 is by (being that the charge switch pipe is closed), and charge power supply stops battery charge.Simultaneously; lithium battery BT1 again can be by the second resistance R 1b and first diode D1a discharge; when lithium battery BT1 both end voltage is put into set point (as 4.05V); the trigger end 3 that overcharges of protection chip IC1 is got back to high level again; circuit recovers normal charging condition; so repeatedly, till two batteries all are full of electricity.
When battery connects load RL work; the discharge prevention process of lithium battery and described charge protection similar process; if the voltage input end of any one protection chip detects this section lithium battery and forces down in setting voltage value; then the mistake of this protection chip is put trigger end 1 and is become low level; put field effect transistor conducting in the signaling conversion circuit that trigger end 1 links to each other with the mistake of this protection chip; and finally the discharge switch pipe is closed by executive circuit, cut off discharge loop.
In like manner; when the Current Control input 2 of protection chip IC1 detects over-current signal; promptly concerning the lithium battery that all are cascaded; operating current surpasses set point; the mistake of protection chip IC1 is put trigger end 1 and is become low level; the 5th field effect transistor Q5 cuts off discharge loop by (being that the discharge switch pipe is closed).When over-current detection, because the Current Control input 2 of protection chip IC1 is obtained current signal from self conducting resistance of the 5th field effect transistor Q5, at this moment, self-locking resistance R X is simultaneously as a current-limiting resistance; When the 5th field effect transistor Q5 ended, self-locking resistance R X guaranteed that the current potential of the Current Control input 2 of protection chip IC1 can not reduce, and still keeps the triggering state, realizes the self-locking of the 5th field effect transistor Q5 (being the discharge switch pipe).
Fig. 3 is embodiment two, is that with the difference of embodiment one the node C that the other end was linked to be by the other end of the 5th resistance R 5 and the 6th resistance R 6 also can be connected to the positive pole of lithium battery BT1.
Fig. 4 is embodiment three, be on the basis of embodiment one, to have increased current-limiting resistance RY and the sample resistance RZ that is connected in the public executive circuit again, wherein, the end of current-limiting resistance RY links to each other with the source electrode of described the 5th field effect transistor Q5, and the other end links to each other with the Current Control input 2 of protection chip IC1; Sample resistance RZ one end links to each other with the source electrode of the 5th field effect transistor Q5, the negative pole of another termination lithium battery BT1.At this moment; the Current Control input 2 of protection chip IC1 directly obtains current signal from sample resistance RZ; with obtain current signal from the 5th field effect transistor Q5 self conducting resistance among the embodiment one and compare; the sampling current of embodiment three is not disturbed by the fluctuation of the 5th field effect transistor Q5 self conducting resistance, the sampling better effects if.
Fig. 5 is embodiment four, can increase by one again and postpone electric capacity C0 in foregoing circuit, and this Current Control input 2 that postpones electric capacity C0 one end and protection chip IC1 links to each other, and the other end links to each other with the negative pole of lithium battery BT1.Because circuit load moment on rigidly connecting; meeting is trigger protection chip IC 1 because the moment impact electric current is excessive; make the 5th field effect transistor Q5 end, postpone the deadline that electric capacity C0 can delay control five field effect transistor Q5, avoid the misoperation of the 5th field effect transistor Q5 (being the discharge switch pipe).
As shown in Figure 6, in order to prevent because the overcurrent that battery or external circuit short circuit cause, can also be on the link circuit of the negative pole P-of charge power supply and the 6th field effect transistor Q6 source electrode resettable fuse F1 of serial connection, when being short-circuited, resettable fuse F1 disconnects, in case electric current is normal, the conducting that resettable fuse F1 can automatic restoring circuit; Can also be connected in series a normally closed Temperature protection switch F2 between the positive pole of node C and lithium battery BT2, in case working temperature is too high, normally closed Temperature protection switch F2 will open, in time protective circuit components and parts or lithium battery.According to embodiment two, normally closed Temperature protection switch F2 also can be connected between the positive pole of node C and lithium battery BT1, and accompanying drawing omits.
Increase along with the serial lithium battery joint number, the grid voltage of the 3rd field effect transistor Q3, the 4th field effect transistor Q4 constantly raises, in order to guarantee the reliability of executive circuit, prevent the high-voltage breakdown field effect transistor, can also increase a voltage-stabiliser tube more respectively at the grid and the source electrode two ends of the 3rd field effect transistor Q3, the 4th field effect transistor Q4, the 5th field effect transistor Q5, the 6th field effect transistor 6, referring to Fig. 6; Promptly, grid at the 3rd field effect transistor Q3, the 4th field effect transistor Q4, the 5th field effect transistor Q5, the 6th field effect transistor Q6 is connected with the anode of the first voltage-stabiliser tube DZ1, the second voltage-stabiliser tube DZ2, the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube DZ3, the 4th voltage-stabiliser tube DZ4 respectively accordingly, and the source electrode of the 3rd field effect transistor Q3, the 4th field effect transistor Q4, the 5th field effect transistor Q5, the 6th field effect transistor Q6 then is connected with the negative electrode of the first voltage-stabiliser tube DZ1, the second voltage-stabiliser tube DZ2, the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube DZ3, the 4th voltage-stabiliser tube DZ4 respectively accordingly.
As shown in Figure 7, be the charge-discharge protection circuit of four joint serial lithium batteries, it is the two joint lithium batteries of connecting again on the basis of two joint serial lithium batteries; The basic connected mode of circuit is constant, in particular, the last all concurrents of the 3rd resistance R 1c, the 3rd resistance R 2c, the 3rd resistance R 3c and the 3rd resistance R 4c are connected to the grid of the 3rd field effect transistor Q3, the last all concurrents of the negative electrode of the second diode D1b, the second diode D2b, the second diode D3b, the second diode D4b are connected to the grid of the 4th field effect transistor Q4, and the node C of the 5th resistance R 5 and the 6th resistance R 6 links to each other with the positive pole of lithium battery BT4.Since in the series circuit respectively to save the lithium battery electric current identical; therefore as long as current detecting is with Current Control input 2 samplings of the protection chip IC1 of first segment lithium battery BT1 correspondence, connects the negative pole of corresponding this section lithium battery respectively behind series resistor R2e, resistance R 3e and the resistance R 4e from the Current Control input of the protection chip that the second joint lithium battery begins.Perhaps, also can will link to each other from the Current Control input of the second protection chip that begin of joint lithium battery this section cathode of lithium battery direct respectively and correspondence; And the node C of the 5th resistance R 5 and the 6th resistance R 6 also can link to each other with the positive pole of lithium battery BT1, lithium battery BT2, lithium battery BT3 or lithium battery BT4 respectively, and accompanying drawing omits.
Fig. 8 is n joint (n 〉=2; n is a natural number) charge-discharge protection circuit that is together in series of lithium battery; each joint lithium battery includes a sample circuit and a signaling conversion circuit respectively; and n joint lithium battery is finally all realized closing of charge/discharge switching tube by a total public executive circuit; and the connected mode of pairing sample circuit of each lithium battery and signaling conversion circuit is all basic identical; connected mode between each the joint sample circuit of lithium battery and signaling conversion circuit and the total public executive circuit can save the protective circuit mode that lithium batteries connect with reference to two joints or four and superpose; by that analogy, do not give unnecessary details here.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of charge-discharge protection circuit of multi-section serial lithium battery includes
The lithium battery (BT1, BT2...BTn) that at least two joints are connected successively mutually;
External load (RL); And
Charge power supply;
It is characterized in that: each saves described lithium battery (BT1, BT2...BTn) two ends all are connected with a sample circuit and a signaling conversion circuit accordingly, wherein, described sample circuit, include the first resistance (R1a, R2a...Rna), second resistance (the R1b, R2b...Rnb), first electric capacity (the C1, C2...Cn), first diode (the D1a, D2a...Dna) and the protection chip (IC1 of control single-unit lithium battery, IC2...ICn), the described first resistance (R1a, R2a...Rna) a end links to each other with the positive pole of this section lithium battery of correspondence, the other end is through the described first electric capacity (C1, C2...Cn) connect the negative pole of corresponding this section lithium battery, described protection chip (IC1, IC2...ICn) two voltage input ends (5,6) be connected in parallel on the described first electric capacity (C1 respectively, C2...Cn) two ends, the described first diode (D1a, D2a...Dna) negative electrode is through the described second resistance (R1b, R2b...Rnb) negative pole of this section lithium battery of connection correspondence;
Described signaling conversion circuit, include the first field effect transistor (Q1a, Q2a...Qna), second field effect transistor (the Q1b, Q2b...Qnb), the 3rd resistance (R1c, R2c...Rnc), the 4th resistance (R1d, R2d...Rnd) and the second diode (D1b, D2b...Dnb), the described first field effect transistor (Q1a, Q2a...Qna) grid and described protection chip (IC1, IC2...ICn) the trigger end (3) that overcharges links to each other, first field effect transistor (the Q1a, Q2a...Qna) source electrode links to each other with the positive pole of this section lithium battery of correspondence, first field effect transistor (the Q1a, Q2a...Qna) drain electrode and described the 3rd resistance (R1c, R2c...Rnc) first end links to each other, the described second field effect transistor (Q1b, Q2b...Qnb) grid and described protection chip (IC1, IC2...ICn) mistake is put trigger end (1) and is linked to each other, second field effect transistor (the Q1b, Q2b...Qnb) source electrode links to each other the second field effect transistor (Q1b with the positive pole of this section lithium battery of correspondence, Q2b...Qnb) drain electrode is through described the 4th resistance (R1d, R2d...Rnd) with the described second diode (D1b, D2b...Dnb) anode links to each other;
Each saves pairing the 3rd resistance of described lithium battery (BT1, BT2...BTn) (R1c, R2c...Rnc) second end is that concurrent connects, as first public output (A), the negative electrode concurrent of each joint pairing second diode of lithium battery (D1b, D2b...Dnb) connects, as second public output (B), described first, second public output (A, B) connects a total public executive circuit;
Described public executive circuit includes the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3); the 4th field effect transistor (Q4); the 5th resistance (R5); the 6th resistance (R6); the 5th field effect transistor (Q5); the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) and self-locking resistance (RX); the grid of described the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3) links to each other with described first public output (A); the negative pole (p-) of the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3) source electrode and described charge power supply joins; the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3) drain electrode one tunnel connects an end of described the 5th resistance (R5); another road connects the grid of described the 6th field effect transistor (Q6); the grid of described the 4th field effect transistor (Q4) links to each other with described second public output (B); the 4th field effect transistor (Q4) source electrode connects the negative pole of first segment lithium battery (BT1); the 4th field effect transistor (Q4) drain electrode one tunnel connects an end of described the 6th resistance (R6); another road connects the grid of described the 5th field effect transistor (Q5); and; the other end of the other end of described the 5th resistance (R5) and the 6th resistance (R6) is connected to a node (C); and by described node (C) be connected to any one the joint described lithium battery (BT1; BT2...BTn) positive pole; the source electrode of described the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) connects the negative pole (P-) of described charge power supply; the drain electrode one tunnel of the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) links to each other with the drain electrode of described the 5th field effect transistor (Q5); another road links to each other with described self-locking resistance (RX) end; the other end of self-locking resistance (RX) connects the Current Control input (2) of first protection chip (IC1), all the other protection chip (IC2; IC3...ICn) Current Control input (2) meets corresponding this section lithium battery (BT2; BT3...BTn) negative pole.
2, the charge-discharge protection circuit of multi-section serial lithium battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described public executive circuit also includes current-limiting resistance (RY) and sample resistance (RZ), one end of described current-limiting resistance (RY) links to each other with the source electrode of described the 5th field effect transistor (Q5), and the other end links to each other with the Current Control input (2) of first protection chip (IC1); Described sample resistance (RZ) end links to each other the negative pole of the described first segment lithium battery of another termination (BT1) with the source electrode of described the 5th field effect transistor (Q5).
3, the charge-discharge protection circuit of multi-section serial lithium battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be connected with normally closed Temperature protection switch (F2) between the positive pole of described node (C) and any joint lithium battery (BT1, BT2...BTn).
4, the charge-discharge protection circuit of multi-section serial lithium battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: can also be serially connected with a resettable fuse (F1) on the loop between negative pole of described charge power supply (P-) and described the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) drain electrode.
5, the charge-discharge protection circuit of multi-section serial lithium battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be parallel with a delay electric capacity (C0) that prevents the moment impact electric current on the Current Control input (2) of described first protection chip (IC1) and the negative pole two ends of described first segment lithium battery (BT1).
6, the charge-discharge protection circuit of multi-section serial lithium battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described public executive circuit also includes and is connected in parallel on described the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3) respectively, the 4th field effect transistor (Q4), the 5th field effect transistor (Q5), first voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ1) at the grid of the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) and source electrode two ends, second voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ2), the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ3), the 4th voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ4), wherein, described first voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ1), second voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ2), the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ3), the negative electrode of the 4th voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ4) respectively with described the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3), the 4th field effect transistor (Q4), the 5th field effect transistor (Q5), the grid of the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) is corresponding to link to each other; The anode of described first voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ1), second voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ2), the 3rd voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ3), the 4th voltage-stabiliser tube (DZ4) is corresponding continuous with the source electrode of described the 3rd field effect transistor (Q3), the 4th field effect transistor (Q4), the 5th field effect transistor (Q5), the 6th field effect transistor (Q6) respectively.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100013078A CN101267122A (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2008-01-02 | Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple serial lithium battery |
| CN2008101771398A CN101534017B (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2008-12-02 | Charge-discharge protection circuit for a plurality of lithium batteries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100013078A CN101267122A (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2008-01-02 | Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple serial lithium battery |
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| CN101267122A true CN101267122A (en) | 2008-09-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100013078A Pending CN101267122A (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2008-01-02 | Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple serial lithium battery |
| CN2008101771398A Expired - Fee Related CN101534017B (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2008-12-02 | Charge-discharge protection circuit for a plurality of lithium batteries |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101771398A Expired - Fee Related CN101534017B (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2008-12-02 | Charge-discharge protection circuit for a plurality of lithium batteries |
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| CN (2) | CN101267122A (en) |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101534017A (en) | 2009-09-16 |
| CN101534017B (en) | 2010-12-08 |
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