CN112234671A - Cascade battery protection circuit - Google Patents

Cascade battery protection circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112234671A
CN112234671A CN202011060827.3A CN202011060827A CN112234671A CN 112234671 A CN112234671 A CN 112234671A CN 202011060827 A CN202011060827 A CN 202011060827A CN 112234671 A CN112234671 A CN 112234671A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
resistor
battery protection
electrode
diode
protection circuit
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Pending
Application number
CN202011060827.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙小波
沈正华
王兴禄
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Chongqing Hiten Energy Co ltd
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Chongqing Hiten Energy Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011060827.3A priority Critical patent/CN112234671A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a cascade battery protection circuit which comprises a protection module, wherein a lithium battery protection data output end of the protection module is connected with a protection data input end of a charge and discharge control circuit, the protection module comprises n-stage series-connected battery protection circuits, and each battery protection circuit independently protects a group of batteries. The lithium battery management system can accurately manage and protect each lithium battery, adopts a high-precision lithium battery protection chip and a single chip microcomputer program to accurately manage a single lithium battery, and improves the service efficiency and the service life of the battery.

Description

Cascade battery protection circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery protection, in particular to a cascade battery protection circuit.
Background
The voltage of a single lithium battery is 3.7V (3.2V for the positive electrode of lithium iron phosphate), and the battery capacity cannot be infinite, so that the single lithium battery is often subjected to series and parallel connection to meet the requirements of different occasions.
Because the material of the lithium battery determines that the lithium battery cannot be overcharged, overdischarged, overcurrent, short-circuited, and ultrahigh-temperature charged and discharged, the lithium battery and the lithium battery component always follow a special lithium ion battery protection plate.
However, since the voltage of the lithium battery is increased after the lithium battery is connected in series, the voltage withstand of the protection board chip device is not generally achieved, and the signal transmission is not possible due to the reason that the protection chips cannot be connected in common after the batteries are connected in series. The application of high voltage grouping of lithium batteries is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve the technical problems in the prior art, and particularly provides a cascade battery protection circuit which is a method capable of realizing multi-group cascade of lithium batteries.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cascade battery protection circuit, which includes a protection module, wherein a lithium battery protection data output end of the protection module is connected to a protection data input end of a charge and discharge control circuit, the protection module includes n-stage series battery protection circuits, and each battery protection circuit individually protects a group of batteries.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the charge and discharge control circuit comprises a discharge control circuit and a charge control circuit, the overcharge detection signal output end of the protection module is connected with the overcharge detection signal output end of the charge control circuit, the execution signal output end of the charge control circuit is connected with the execution signal input end of the charge circuit, the overdischarge detection signal output end of the protection module is connected with the overdischarge detection signal output end of the charge control circuit, and the execution signal output end of the discharge control circuit is connected with the execution signal input end of the discharge circuit.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the discharge control circuit comprises a resistor R111, one end of the resistor R111 is connected with an overcharge detection signal output end of a lithium battery of the protection module and the cathode of the diode D111, the anode of the diode D111 is connected with the public end of a contact of a relay JP1, the other end of the resistor R111 is connected with one end of a resistor R112 and the grid of an MOS tube Q111, the drain of the MOS tube Q111 and the other end of the resistor R112 are connected with the public end of the contact of the relay JP1, the source of the MOS tube Q111 is connected with a winding disconnection signal input end of a relay JP1, and the anode; the normally closed switch of the relay JP1 is connected in series to the discharge circuit, when the discharge control circuit receives the over-discharge detection signal of the protection module, the winding of the relay JP1 is electrified, the normally closed switch of the relay JP1 is disconnected, and the discharge circuit is disconnected through the normally closed switch of the relay JP1 to stop discharging.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the charging control circuit comprises a resistor R118, one end of the resistor R118 is connected with an overcharge detection signal output end of the lithium battery of the protection module and the cathode of the diode D115, the anode of the diode D115 is connected with a contact normally-closed end of a relay JP2, the other end of the resistor R118 is connected with one end of a resistor R117 and the grid of an MOS tube Q114, the source of the MOS tube Q114 and the other end of the resistor R117 are connected with a contact normally-closed end of a relay JP2, the drain of the MOS tube Q114 is connected with a winding disconnection signal input end of a relay JP2, and the anode; the normally closed switch of the relay JP2 is connected in series to the charging circuit, when the charging control circuit receives the overcharge detection signal of the protection module, the winding of the relay JP2 is electrified, the normally closed switch of the relay JP2 is disconnected, the charging circuit is disconnected through the normally closed switch of the relay JP2, and charging is stopped;
the winding disconnection signal input end of the relay JP2 is connected with the drain electrode of a MOS tube Q113, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q113 is connected with the normally open end of the contact of the relay JP2, one end of a resistor R116, one end of a resistor R114 and one end of a diode D113, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q113 is connected with one end of the resistor R115, the other end of the resistor R115 is connected with the other end of the diode D113, the other end of the resistor R116 is connected with the cathode of the diode D114;
the other end of the resistor R114 is connected, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q112 is connected with the winding closing signal input end of the relay JP1, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q112 is connected with the normally opened end of the contact of the relay JP1, one end of the resistor R113 and the other end of the resistor R115, the other end of the resistor R113 is connected with the cathode of the diode D112, and the anode of the diode D112 is connected with the common end of the contact of the relay JP 63.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: both relay JP2 and relay JP1 employ magnetically held relays.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the nth-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip ICn, wherein the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip ICn is connected with one end of a resistor Rn-1 and one end of a capacitor Cn, the other end of the resistor Rn-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BTn, the positive electrode of the nth battery pack is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip ICn and the other end of the capacitor Cn, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip ICn is connected with one end of a resistor Rn-2, and the other end of the resistor Rn-2 is connected with the common grounding end of; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip ICn is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Qn-1, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Qn-1 is connected with one end of a resistor Rn-3, the other end of the resistor Rn-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Qn-3, a collector electrode of the triode Qn-3 is connected with an anode of a diode Dn-1, a cathode of the diode Dn-1 is an overcharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode Dn-1 is connected with one end of a load resistor Rn-5, and the other end of the load resistor Rn-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the high-precision battery protection chip ICn over-discharge detection output end is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Qn-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Qn-2 is connected with one end of a resistor Rn-4, the other end of the resistor Rn-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Qn-4, a collector electrode of the triode Qn-4 is connected with an anode of a diode Dn-2, a cathode of the diode Dn-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode Dn-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor Rn-6, and the other end of the load resistor Rn-6 is an over-discharge signal; the source electrode of the MOS tube Qn-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Qn-1, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Qn-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
the (n-1) th-level battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1), the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1) is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-1) -1 and one end of a capacitor C (n-1), the other end of the resistor R (n-1) -1 is connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT (n-1), the anode of the battery pack BT (n-1) is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1) and the other end of the capacitor C (n-1), the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1) is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-1) -2, and the other end of the resistor R (n-1) -2 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1) is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q (n-1) -1, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-1) -1 is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-1) -3, the other end of the resistor R (n-1) -3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q (n-1) -3, a collector electrode of the triode Q (n-1) -3 is connected with an anode of a diode D (n-1) -1, a cathode of the diode D (n-1) -1 is an overcharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D (n-1) -1 is connected with one end of a load resistor R (n-1) -5, and the other end of the load resistor R (n-1) -5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1) is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q (n-1) -2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-1) -2 is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-1) -4, the other end of the resistor R (n-1) -4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q (n-1) -4, a collector electrode of the triode Q (n-1) -4 is connected with an anode of a diode D (n-1) -2, a cathode of the diode D (n-1) -2 is an over-discharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D (n-1) -2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R (n-1) -6, and the other end of the load resistor R (n-1) -6 is an over-; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-1) -2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-1) -1, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-1) -1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
the (n-2) th stage battery protection circuit includes a high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2), the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2) is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-2) -1 and one end of a capacitor C (n-2), the other end of the resistor R (n-2) -1 is connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT (n-2), the anode of the battery pack BT (n-2) is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2) and the other end of the capacitor C (n-2), the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2) is connected with one end of the resistor R (n-2) -2, and the other end of the resistor R (n-2) -2 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2) is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q (n-2) -1, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-2) -1 is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-2) -3, the other end of the resistor R (n-2) -3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q (n-2) -3, a collector electrode of the triode Q (n-2) -3 is connected with an anode of a diode D (n-2) -1, a cathode of the diode D (n-2) -1 is an overcharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D (n-2) -1 is connected with one end of a load resistor R (n-2) -5, and the other end of the load resistor R (n-2) -5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of a high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2) is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q (n-2) -2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-2) -2 is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-2) -4, the other end of the resistor R (n-2) -4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q (n-2) -4, a collector electrode of the triode Q (n-2) -4 is connected with an anode of a diode D (n-2) -2, a cathode of the diode D (n-2) -2 is an over-discharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D (n-2) -2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R (n-2) -6, and the other end of the load resistor R (n-2) -6 is an over-; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-2) -2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-2) -1, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-2) -1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
……；
the second-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC2, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-1 and one end of a capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R2-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT2, the positive electrode of the battery pack BT2 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 and the other end of the capacitor C2, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-2, and the other end of the resistor R2-2 is connected with the common grounding end of; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q2-1, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-3, the other end of the resistor R2-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q2-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q2-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D2-1, a cathode of the diode D2-1 is an overcharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D2-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-5, and the other end of the resistor R2-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q2-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-4, the other end of the resistor R2-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q2-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q2-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D2-2, a cathode of the diode D2-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D2-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R2-6, and the other end of the load resistor R2-6 is an over-; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
the first-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC1, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-1 and one end of a capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1-1 is connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT1, the anode of the battery pack BT1 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1, the other end of a capacitor C1, one end of a resistor R1-7 and one end of a resistor R1-8, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-2, and the other end of the resistor R1-2 is connected with the other end of a resistor; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q1-1, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-3, the other end of the resistor R1-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q1-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q1-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D1-1, a cathode of the diode D1-1 is an overcharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D1-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-5, and the other end of the resistor R1-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q1-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-4, the other end of the resistor R1-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q1-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q1-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D1-2, a cathode of the diode D1-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D1-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R1-6, and the other end of the load resistor R1-6 is an over-; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1-1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R1-4;
an emitting electrode Qn-3 of a triode Qn-3 of the nth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the battery pack BTn, an emitting electrode Qn-4 of the triode Qn-4 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery pack BTn, an over-discharge signal input end of the nth-stage battery protection circuit is a second charging signal detection end, and an over-discharge signal output end of the nth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the n-1 th-stage battery protection circuit; the overcharge signal input end of the nth-stage battery protection circuit is a second discharge signal detection end, and the overcharge signal output end of the nth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with the overcharge signal input end of the (n-1) th-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q (n-1) -3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q (n-1) -4 of the (n-1) th-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the nth-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the (n-1) th-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the (n-2) th-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the (n-1) th-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the (n-2) th-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q (n-2) -3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q (n-2) -4 of the n-2 th-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the n-1 th-stage battery protection circuit, an overdischarge signal output end of the n-2 th-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an overdischarge signal input end of the n-3 th-stage battery protection circuit, and an overcharge signal output end of the n-2 th-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an overcharge signal input end of the n-3 th-stage battery protection circuit;
……；
an emitting electrode of a triode Q2-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q2-4 of the second-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the third-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the second-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the first-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the second-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the first-stage battery protection circuit;
and an emitting electrode of a triode Q1-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q1-4 of the first-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the second-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the first-stage battery protection circuit is a protection module lithium battery charging protection data output end, and an over-charge signal output end of the first-stage battery protection circuit is a protection module lithium battery discharging protection data output end.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the lithium battery management system can accurately manage and protect each lithium battery, adopts a high-precision lithium battery protection chip and a single chip microcomputer program to accurately manage a single lithium battery, and improves the service efficiency and the service life of the battery.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a system schematic of a cascaded battery protection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a charge and discharge control circuit of the cascade battery protection circuit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a protection module of the cascaded battery protection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a system schematic of the portable power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a door drive power adapter module of the portable power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the AC output circuit, the AC detection circuit and the AC protection control circuit of the portable power supply of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a charge protection control circuit of the portable power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of first and second H-bridge detection circuits and an AC detection circuit of the portable power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of an overcurrent protection control output circuit of the portable power supply of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of an IGBT driving module of the portable power supply of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a cascade battery protection circuit includes a protection module, a protection data output terminal of a lithium battery of the protection module is connected to a protection data input terminal of a charge and discharge control circuit, the protection module includes a plurality of battery protection circuits connected in series, and each battery protection circuit individually protects a group of batteries.
The charge and discharge control circuit comprises a discharge control circuit and a charge control circuit, the overcharge detection signal output end of the protection module is connected with the overcharge detection signal output end of the charge control circuit, the execution signal output end of the charge control circuit is connected with the execution signal input end of the charge circuit, the overdischarge detection signal output end of the protection module is connected with the overdischarge detection signal output end of the charge control circuit, and the execution signal output end of the discharge control circuit is connected with the execution signal input end of the discharge circuit.
The discharge control circuit comprises a resistor R111, one end of the resistor R111 is connected with the overcharge detection signal output end of the lithium battery of the protection module and the cathode of the diode D111, the anode of the diode D111 is connected with the common end of a contact of a relay JP1, the other end of the resistor R111 is connected with one end of a resistor R112 and the grid of an MOS transistor Q111, and the drain of the MOS transistor Q111 and the other end of the resistor R112 are connected with the common end of a contact of a relay JP1, namely the GND 3. The source electrode of the MOS tube Q111 is connected with the winding disconnection signal input end of the relay JP1, and the positive end of the winding of the relay JP1 is connected with a working power supply; the normally closed switch of the relay JP1 is connected in series to the discharge circuit, when the discharge control circuit receives the over-discharge detection signal of the protection module, the winding of the relay JP1 is electrified, the normally closed switch of the relay JP1 is disconnected, and the discharge circuit is disconnected through the normally closed switch of the relay JP1 to stop discharging.
The charging control circuit comprises a resistor R118, one end of the resistor R118 is connected with the overcharge detection signal output end of the lithium battery of the protection module and the cathode of a diode D115, the anode of the diode D115 is connected with the normally closed contact end of the relay JP2, the other end of the resistor R118 is connected with one end of a resistor R117 and the grid of the MOS transistor Q114, and the source of the MOS transistor Q114 and the other end of the resistor R117 are connected with the normally closed contact end of the relay JP2, namely the GND2 end. The drain electrode of the MOS tube Q114 is connected with the winding disconnection signal input end of the relay JP2, and the positive end of the relay JP2 is connected with a working power supply; the normally closed switch of the relay JP2 is connected in series to the charging circuit, when the charging control circuit receives the protection module overcharge detection signal, the winding of the relay JP2 is electrified, the normally closed switch of the relay JP2 is disconnected, the charging circuit is disconnected through the normally closed switch of the relay JP2, and charging is stopped.
The winding disconnection signal input end of the relay JP2 is connected with the drain electrode of a MOS tube Q113, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q113 is connected with the normally-open end of a contact of the relay JP2, one end of a resistor R116, one end of a resistor R114 and one end of a diode D113, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q113 is connected with one end of the resistor R115, the other end of the resistor R115 is connected with the other end of the diode D113, the other end of the resistor R116 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D114, and the positive electrode of the diode D114.
The other end of the resistor R114 is connected with the grid of a MOS tube Q112, the drain of the MOS tube Q112 is connected with the closing signal input end of a JP1 winding of a relay, the source of the MOS tube Q112 is connected with the normally open end of a JP1 contact, one end of the resistor R113 and the other end of the resistor R115, the other end of the resistor R113 is connected with the cathode of a diode D112, and the anode of the diode D112 is connected with the common end of a JP1 contact.
Both relay JP2 and relay JP1 employ magnetically held relays.
The multistage series battery protection circuit comprises a tenth-stage battery protection circuit, a ninth-stage battery protection circuit, an eighth-stage battery protection circuit, a seventh-stage battery protection circuit, a sixth-stage battery protection circuit, a fifth-stage battery protection circuit, a fourth-stage battery protection circuit, a third-stage battery protection circuit, a second-stage battery protection circuit and a first-stage battery protection circuit.
The tenth-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC10, a power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC10 is connected with one end of a resistor R10-1 and one end of a capacitor C10, the other end of the resistor R10-1 is connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT10, the anode of the 10 th battery pack is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC10 and the other end of the capacitor C10, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC10 is connected with one end of a resistor R10-2, and the other end of the resistor R10-2 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC10 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q10-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q10-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R10-3, the other end of the resistor R10-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q10-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q10-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D10-1, a cathode of the diode D10-1 is an overcharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D10-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R10-5, and the other end of the resistor R10-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC10 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q10-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q10-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R10-4, the other end of the resistor R10-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q10-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q10-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D10-2, a cathode of the diode D10-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D10-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R10-6, and the other end of the load resistor R10-6 is an; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q10-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q10-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q10-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
the ninth-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC9, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC9 is connected with one end of a resistor R9-1 and one end of a capacitor C9, the other end of the resistor R9-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT9, the positive electrode of the battery pack BT9 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC9 and the other end of the capacitor C9, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC9 is connected with one end of a resistor R9-2, and the other end of the resistor R9-2 is connected with the common grounding end of the; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC9 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q9-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q9-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R9-3, the other end of the resistor R9-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q9-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q9-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D9-1, a cathode of the diode D9-1 is an overcharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D9-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R9-5, and the other end of the resistor R9-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC9 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q9-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q9-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R9-4, the other end of the resistor R9-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q9-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q9-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D9-2, a cathode of the diode D9-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D9-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R9-6, and the other end of the load resistor R9-6 is an; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q9-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q9-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q9-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
the eighth-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC8, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC8 is connected with one end of a resistor R8-1 and one end of a capacitor C8, the other end of the resistor R8-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT8, the positive electrode of the battery pack BT8 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC8 and the other end of the capacitor C8, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC8 is connected with one end of a resistor R8-2, and the other end of the resistor R8-2 is connected with the common grounding end of the; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC8 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q8-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q8-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R8-3, the other end of the resistor R8-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q8-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q8-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D8-1, a cathode of the diode D8-1 is an overcharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D8-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R8-5, and the other end of the resistor R8-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC8 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q8-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q8-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R8-4, the other end of the resistor R8-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q8-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q8-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D8-2, a cathode of the diode D8-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D8-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R8-6, and the other end of the load resistor R8-6 is an; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q8-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q8-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q8-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
the seventh-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC7, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC7 is connected with one end of a resistor R7-1 and one end of a capacitor C7, the other end of the resistor R7-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT7, the positive electrode of the battery pack BT7 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC7 and the other end of the capacitor C7, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC7 is connected with one end of a resistor R7-2, and the other end of the resistor R7-2 is connected with the common grounding end of the; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC7 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q7-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q7-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R7-3, the other end of the resistor R7-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q7-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q7-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D7-1, a cathode of the diode D7-1 is an overcharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D7-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R7-5, and the other end of the resistor R7-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC7 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q7-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q7-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R7-4, the other end of the resistor R7-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q7-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q7-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D7-2, a cathode of the diode D7-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D7-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R7-6, and the other end of the load resistor R7-6 is an; and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q7-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q7-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q7-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit.
The sixth-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC6, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC6 is connected with one end of a resistor R6-1 and one end of a capacitor C6, the other end of the resistor R6-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT6, the positive electrode of the battery pack BT6 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC6 and the other end of the capacitor C6, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC6 is connected with one end of a resistor R6-2, and the other end of the resistor R6-2 is connected with the common grounding end of the; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC6 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q6-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q6-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R6-3, the other end of the resistor R6-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q6-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q6-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D6-1, a cathode of the diode D6-1 is an overcharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D6-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R6-5, and the other end of the resistor R6-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC6 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q6-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q6-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R6-4, the other end of the resistor R6-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q6-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q6-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D6-2, a cathode of the diode D6-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D6-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R6-6, and the other end of the load resistor R6-6 is an; and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q6-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q6-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q6-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit.
The fifth-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC5, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC5 is connected with one end of a resistor R5-1 and one end of a capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R5-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT5, the positive electrode of the battery pack BT5 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC5 and the other end of the capacitor C5, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC5 is connected with one end of a resistor R5-2, and the other end of the resistor R5-2 is connected with the common grounding end of the; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC5 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q5-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q5-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R5-3, the other end of the resistor R5-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q5-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q5-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D5-1, a cathode of the diode D5-1 is an overcharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D5-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R5-5, and the other end of the resistor R5-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC5 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q5-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q5-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R5-4, the other end of the resistor R5-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q5-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q5-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D5-2, a cathode of the diode D5-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D5-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R5-6, and the other end of the load resistor R5-6 is an; and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q5-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q5-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q5-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit.
The fourth-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC4, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC4 is connected with one end of a resistor R4-1 and one end of a capacitor C4, the other end of the resistor R4-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT4, the positive electrode of the battery pack BT4 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC4 and the other end of the capacitor C4, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC4 is connected with one end of a resistor R4-2, and the other end of the resistor R4-2 is connected with the common grounding end of; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC4 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q4-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q4-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R4-3, the other end of the resistor R4-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q4-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q4-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D4-1, a cathode of the diode D4-1 is an overcharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D4-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R4-5, and the other end of the resistor R4-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC4 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q4-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q4-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R4-4, the other end of the resistor R4-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q4-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q4-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D4-2, a cathode of the diode D4-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D4-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R4-6, and the other end of the load resistor R4-6 is an; and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q4-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q4-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q4-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit.
The third-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC3, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC3 is connected with one end of a resistor R3-1 and one end of a capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R3-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT3, the positive electrode of the battery pack BT3 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC3 and the other end of the capacitor C3, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC3 is connected with one end of a resistor R3-2, and the other end of the resistor R3-2 is connected with the common grounding end of; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC3 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q3-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q3-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3-3, the other end of the resistor R3-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q3-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q3-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D3-1, a cathode of the diode D3-1 is an overcharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D3-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3-5, and the other end of the resistor R3-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC3 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q3-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q3-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3-4, the other end of the resistor R3-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q3-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q3-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D3-2, a cathode of the diode D3-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D3-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R3-6, and the other end of the load resistor R3-6 is an; and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q3-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q3-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q3-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit.
The second-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC2, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-1 and one end of a capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R2-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT2, the positive electrode of the battery pack BT2 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 and the other end of the capacitor C2, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-2, and the other end of the resistor R2-2 is connected with the common grounding end of; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q2-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q2-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-3, the other end of the resistor R2-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q2-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q2-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D2-1, a cathode of the diode D2-1 is an overcharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D2-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-5, and the other end of the resistor R2-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q2-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-4, the other end of the resistor R2-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q2-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q2-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D2-2, a cathode of the diode D2-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D2-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R2-6, and the other end of the load resistor R2-6 is an; and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit.
The first-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC1, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-1 and one end of a capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1-1 is connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT1, the anode of the battery pack BT1 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1, the other end of a capacitor C1, one end of a resistor R1-7 and one end of a resistor R1-8, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-2, and the other end of the resistor R1-2 is connected with the other end of a resistor; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q1-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q1-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-3, the other end of the resistor R1-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q1-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q1-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D1-1, a cathode of the diode D1-1 is an overcharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D1-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-5, and the other end of the resistor R1-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q1-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-4, the other end of the resistor R1-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q1-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q1-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D1-2, a cathode of the diode D1-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of a battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D1-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R1-6, and the other end of the load resistor R1-6 is an; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1-1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R1-4.
An emitter of a triode Q10-3 and an emitter of a triode Q10-4 of the tenth-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT10, an over-discharge signal input end of the tenth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with a second over-discharge signal detection end of the single chip microcomputer, and an over-discharge signal output end of the tenth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the ninth-stage battery protection circuit; the overcharge signal input end of the tenth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with the second overcharge signal detection end of the single chip microcomputer, and the overcharge signal output end of the tenth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with the overcharge signal input end of the ninth-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitter of a triode Q9-3 and an emitter of a triode Q9-4 of the ninth-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the tenth-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the ninth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the eighth-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the ninth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the eighth-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q8-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q8-4 of the eighth-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the ninth-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the eighth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the seventh-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the eighth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the seventh-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q7-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q7-4 of the seventh-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the eighth-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the seventh-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the sixth-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the seventh-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the sixth-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q6-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q6-4 of the sixth-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the seventh-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the sixth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the fifth-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the sixth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the fifth-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q5-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q5-4 of the fifth-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the sixth-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the fifth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the fourth-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the fifth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the fourth-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q4-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q4-4 of the fourth-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the fifth-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the fourth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the third-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the fourth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the third-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q3-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q3-4 of the third-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the fourth-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the third-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the second-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the third-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the second-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q2-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q2-4 of the second-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the third-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the second-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the first-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the second-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the first-stage battery protection circuit;
the triode Q1-3 emitting electrode and the triode Q1-4 emitting electrode of the first-level battery protection circuit are both connected with the working output end of the second-level battery protection circuit, the over-discharge signal output end of the first-level battery protection circuit is the over-discharge detection signal output end of the protection module lithium battery and is connected with one end of a charging control circuit resistor R101, and meanwhile, the first over-discharge signal output end is also the first over-discharge signal detection end and is connected with the single chip microcomputer battery charging detection signal output end of the portable power supply. The overcharge signal output end of the first-stage battery protection circuit is the overcharge detection signal output end of the protection module lithium battery and is connected with one end of a discharge control circuit resistor R108, and meanwhile, the overcharge signal output end is also the first overcharge signal detection end and is connected with the discharge detection signal output end of the single chip microcomputer battery of the portable power supply.
When a battery protection circuit at any stage detects a battery overcharge or battery overdischarge signal, the battery protection circuit sends an overcharge detection signal or an overdischarge detection signal to the charge and discharge control circuit.
For convenience of illustration, the present embodiment only describes 10 sets of battery protection circuits by way of example, but in actual use, the number of the battery protection circuits may be increased or decreased according to specific requirements.
The invention also provides a portable power supply capable of outputting alternating current and direct current, which comprises a single chip microcomputer, wherein a lithium battery protection data signal input end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with a battery pack protection data signal output end, a bus voltage and current detection input end of a system of the single chip microcomputer is connected with a data output end of a first current and voltage detection module, a first detection end of the first current and voltage detection module is connected with a negative electrode of a battery pack, a second detection end of the first current and voltage detection module is connected with a positive electrode of the battery pack, a sine wave voltage frequency control output end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with a frequency control input end of a sine wave generator, a sine wave frequency output end of the sine wave generator is connected with a sine wave frequency input end of an IGBT driving module, a waveform output end of the IGBT driving module is connected with an, the filtering output end of the inductance filter is connected with the input end of the alternating current output circuit; the alternating current control output end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with the alternating current control input end of the alternating current output starting circuit, the control output end of the alternating current output starting circuit is connected with the voltage input end of the H-bridge power supply, the overcurrent protection control output end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with the overcurrent protection input end of the overcurrent protection module, and the overcurrent protection signal output end of the overcurrent protection module is connected with the overcurrent protection input end of the sine wave generator; the positive electrode of the battery pack is connected with an alternating current output starting circuit signal input end, a battery pack charging circuit signal input end and a switch power supply signal input end, the alternating current output starting circuit signal output end is connected with an H-bridge power supply voltage input end, the single chip microcomputer charging management signal is connected with a charging protection control circuit signal input end, and the charging protection control circuit control output end is connected with a battery pack charging circuit control signal input end; the signal output end of the switch power supply is connected with the signal input end of the switch module circuit, and the signal output end of the switch module circuit is connected with the signal input end of the direct current output module. The gate driving power supply adapter module is used for supplying power to the IGBT driving module.
The IGBT driving module comprises an IGBT driving chip IC603, an IGBT driving chip IC604, an IGBT driving chip IC605 and an IGBT driving chip IC 606.
The first waveform output end of the sine wave SPWM waveform generator is connected with one end of a resistor R611, the other end of the resistor R611 is connected with the positive input end of an IGBT driving chip IC603 and the positive electrode of a diode D601, the negative electrode of the diode D601 is connected with the waveform protection control detection input end of an overcurrent protection module, the power voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC603 is connected with the power voltage supply end of a gate driving power adaptation module and one end of a capacitor C606, the negative voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC603 is connected with the negative voltage supply end of the gate driving power adaptation module and the other end of the capacitor C606, and the power voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC603 is connected with the first.
The second waveform output end of the sine wave SPWM waveform generator is connected with one end of a resistor R612, the other end of the resistor R6121 is connected with the positive input end of an IGBT driving chip IC604 and the positive electrode of a diode D602, the negative electrode of the diode D602 is connected with the waveform protection control detection input end of an overcurrent protection module, the power voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC604 is connected with the power voltage supply end of a gate driving power adaptation module and one end of a capacitor C607, the negative voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC604 is connected with the negative voltage supply end of the gate driving power adaptation module and the other end of the capacitor C607, and the power voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC604 is connected with the second.
The third waveform output end of the sine wave SPWM waveform generator is connected with one end of a resistor R613, the other end of the resistor R613 is connected with the positive input end of an IGBT driving chip IC605 and the positive electrode of a diode D603, the negative electrode of the diode D603 is connected with the waveform protection control detection input end of an overcurrent protection module, the power voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC605 is connected with the power voltage supply end of a gate driving power adaptation module and one end of a capacitor C608, the negative voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC605 is connected with the negative voltage supply end of the gate driving power adaptation module and the other end of the capacitor C608, and the power voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC605 is connected with the third waveform input.
The sine wave SPWM waveform generator fourth waveform output end is connected with one end of a resistor R614, the other end of the resistor R614 is connected with the positive input end of an IGBT driving chip IC606 and the positive electrode of a diode D604, the negative electrode of the diode D604 is connected with the waveform protection control detection input end of an overcurrent protection module, the power voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC606 is connected with the power voltage supply end of a gate driving power adaptation module and one end of a capacitor C609, the negative voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC606 is connected with the negative voltage supply end of the gate driving power adaptation module and the other end of the capacitor C609, and the power voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC606 is connected with the fourth waveform input end of.
The gate driving power supply adaptation module comprises a direct-current power supply IC607, the positive input end of the direct-current power supply IC607 is connected with one end of a resistor R659, the other end of the resistor R659 is connected with a 5V power supply, the negative input end of the direct-current power supply IC607 is connected with one end of a capacitor C636, one end of a capacitor C637, one end of a capacitor C638 and one end of a resistor R649, the other end of the resistor R649 is connected with a power ground, the other end of the capacitor C636, the other end of the capacitor C637 and the other end of the capacitor C638 are connected with a 5V power supply, the positive output end of the direct-current power supply IC607 is connected with one end of a resistor R651, one end of a capacitor C623 and one end of a capacitor C625, the negative output end. The other end of the capacitor C623, the other end of the capacitor C625, the other end of the capacitor C624 and the other end of the capacitor C626 are all connected with the other end of the resistor R651; positive voltage is provided for the IGBT driving chip through the positive output end of the direct-current power supply IC607, and negative voltage is provided for the IGBT driving chip through the negative output end of the direct-current power supply IC 607.
Preferably, the gate driving power supply adaptation module further includes a dc power supply IC608, a positive input terminal of the dc power supply IC608 is connected to one end of a resistor R654, the other end of the resistor R654 is connected to the 5V power supply, a negative input terminal of the dc power supply IC608 is connected to one end of a resistor R649, a positive output terminal of the dc power supply IC608 is connected to one end of a resistor R652, one end of a capacitor C627 and one end of a capacitor C630, a negative output terminal of the dc power supply IC608 is connected to a positive electrode of a diode D613, one end of a capacitor C628 and one end of a capacitor C631, and a negative electrode; the other end of the capacitor C627, the other end of the capacitor C630, the other end of the capacitor C628 and the other end of the capacitor C631 are connected with the other end of the resistor R652.
The direct-current power supply system further comprises a direct-current power supply IC609, the positive electrode input end of the direct-current power supply IC609 is connected with one end of a resistor R655, the other end of the resistor R655 is connected with a 5V power supply, the negative electrode input end of the direct-current power supply IC609 is connected with one end of a resistor R649, the positive electrode output end of the direct-current power supply IC609 is connected with one end of a resistor R653, one end of a capacitor C632 and one end of a capacitor C634, the negative electrode output end of the direct-current power supply IC609 is connected with the positive electrode of a diode D613. The other end of the capacitor C632, the other end of the capacitor C634, the other end of the capacitor C633 and the other end of the capacitor C635 are all connected with the other end of the resistor R653.
The general H-bridge is usually realized by using a charge pump, but the charge pump circuit has low power supply, cannot drive a high-power tube, cannot generate negative voltage, and cannot drive an IGBT driving chip, so that the IGBT driving chip can be supplied with power by using a dc power supply IC 607.
Specifically, the dc power supply IC608 supplies power to the IGBT driver IC603, a power voltage end of the IGBT driver IC603 is connected to a positive output end of the dc power supply IC608, and a negative voltage end of the IGBT driver IC603 is connected to a negative output end of the dc power supply IC 608.
The direct current power supply IC607 supplies power to the IGBT driving chip IC605, the power voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC605 is connected with the positive electrode output end of the direct current power supply IC607, and the negative electrode voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC605 is connected with the negative electrode output end of the direct current power supply IC 607.
The direct-current power supply IC609 supplies power for the IGBT driving chip IC604 and the IGBT driving chip IC606, the power supply voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC604 and the power supply voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC606 are connected with the positive output end of the direct-current power supply IC609, and the negative voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC604 and the negative voltage end of the IGBT driving chip IC606 are connected with the negative output end of the direct-current power supply IC 609.
Three power supply modules which are respectively a direct-current power supply IC607, a direct-current power supply IC608 and a direct-current power supply IC609 are arranged, so that the four IGBT driving chips can be dispersedly supplied with power, the power supply of other IGBT driving chips cannot be influenced when a fault occurs, and the normal operation of the system is guaranteed.
The H bridge comprises a resistor R619, one end of the resistor R619 is a first waveform input end of the H bridge, the other end of the resistor R619 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q608, one end of the resistor R620 and a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q8-1, the other end of the resistor R620 is connected with a source electrode of the MOS tube Q608, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q608 and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q8-1 are both connected with one end of a capacitor C619, one end of the capacitor C620 and a second input end of the alternating current output circuit, and a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q608 and a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q8-1; the drain of the MOS transistor Q608 is the input end of the H-bridge power supply voltage.
Still include resistance R621, resistance R621 one end is H bridge second waveform input end, MOS pipe Q609 grid is connected to the resistance R621 other end, resistance R622 one end and MOS pipe Q9-1 grid, MOS pipe Q609 source is connected to the resistance R622 other end, MOS pipe Q609 source and MOS pipe Q9-1 source all connect the other end of electric capacity C610 and the other end of electric capacity C611, MOS pipe Q609 drain electrode and MOS pipe Q9-1 drain electrode all connect electric capacity C619 one end, electric capacity C620 one end and exchange output circuit second input.
The high-voltage alternating current output circuit further comprises a resistor R615, one end of the resistor R615 is an H-bridge third waveform input end, the other end of the resistor R615 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q606, one end of the resistor R616 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q6-1, the other end of the resistor R616 is connected with a source electrode of the MOS tube Q606, drains of the MOS tube Q606 and the MOS tube Q6-1 are both connected with a drain electrode of an MOS tube Q608, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q606 and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q6-1 are both connected with one end of an inductor L601, the other end of the inductor L601 is connected.
The filter circuit further comprises a resistor R617, one end of the resistor R617 is an H-bridge third waveform input end, the other end of the resistor R617 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS transistor Q607, one end of the resistor R618 and a grid electrode of an MOS transistor Q7-1, the other end of the resistor R618 is connected with a source electrode of the MOS transistor Q607, the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q607 and a source electrode of an MOS transistor Q7-1 are connected with the other end of the capacitor C610 and the other end of the capacitor C621, the other end of the capacitor C610 and the other end of the capacitor C621 are connected with a power ground, and a drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q607 and a.
The alternating current output circuit comprises a conjugate inductor L602, one end of a first winding of the conjugate inductor L602 is a first input end of the alternating current output circuit, one end of a second winding of the conjugate inductor L602 is a second input end of the alternating current output circuit, the other end of the second winding of the conjugate inductor L602 is connected with one end of a capacitor C621, one end of a wiring row J602, one end of a slide rheostat R668 and one end of a resistor R667, the other end of the capacitor C621 is connected with one end of a capacitor C622, and the other end of the capacitor C622 is connected with the other end of the; the other end of the first winding of the conjugated inductor L602 is connected with the other end of the wiring bar J602, the other end of the sliding rheostat R668 and one end of a resistor R656, the other end of the resistor R656 is connected with the anode of a diode D621, the cathode of the diode D621 is connected with the anode of an alternating current output indicator LED602, and the cathode of the alternating current output indicator LED602 is connected with the other end of the second winding of the conjugated inductor L602.
The overcurrent protection module comprises an alternating current detection circuit, an alternating current protection control circuit, a first H bridge detection circuit, a second H bridge detection circuit and an overcurrent protection control output circuit.
The alternating current detection circuit comprises a resistor R643, one end of the resistor R643 is an alternating current detection end and is connected with one end of a first winding of a conjugate inductor L602, the other end of the resistor R643 is connected with one end of a resistor R644, the other end of the resistor R644 is connected with one end of a resistor R645, one end of a resistor R646, one end of a capacitor C615 and the anode of a diode D605, the other end of the capacitor C615 is connected with the other end of the resistor R646, the other end of the resistor R646 is connected with a power ground, the cathode of the diode D605 is connected with one end of a resistor R639, one end of a resistor R641, one end of a capacitor C614 and an alternating current output detection input end of a sine wave generator, the other end of the resistor R639 is connected with a 5V power supply, the other end. The voltage and the current in the alternating current output circuit are detected by the alternating current detection circuit, and the circuit elements are prevented from being burnt due to overload caused by overcurrent or overvoltage.
The alternating-current protection control circuit comprises a diode D611, the anode of the diode D611 is connected with the over-current protection control output end of the single chip microcomputer, the cathode of the diode D611 is connected with one end of a resistor R647 and the cathode of a diode D610, the anode of the diode D610 is connected with the alternating-current protection output end of the over-current protection module, and the other end of the resistor R647 is connected with the base of a triode Q610 and one end of a resistor R648; the other end of the resistor R648 and the emitter of the triode Q610 are both connected with the power ground, the collector of the triode Q610 is connected with one end of the capacitor C617 and one end of the winding of the alternating current protective relay K601, and the other end of the winding of the alternating current protective relay K601 is connected with the 5V power supply; the other end of the capacitor C617 is connected to the power ground.
The common end of the contact of the alternating-current protection relay K601 is connected with the other end of the first winding of the conjugate inductor L602, and the normally open end of the contact of the alternating-current protection relay K601 is connected with the other end of the resistor R667; the normally closed end of the contact of the alternating current protective relay K601 is connected with the other end of the wiring bar J602, the other end of the slide rheostat R668 and one end of the resistor R656. The external consumer is connected via a terminal bank J602. The alternating current protection relay K601 is controlled by the alternating current protection control circuit to disconnect the wiring bank J602, so that the alternating current power supply output is stopped.
Wherein, the first H bridge detection circuit comprises a resistor R625, one end of the resistor R625 is connected with the second waveform input end of the H bridge and one end of a resistor R626, the other end of the resistor R625 is connected with the anode of a diode D617, the anode of the diode D616 and one end of a capacitor C646, the other end of the capacitor C646 is connected with the power ground, the cathode of the diode D616 is connected with the anode of a diode D615, the cathode of the diode D615 is connected with the first working end of the gate driving power adaptation module, the cathode of a diode D617 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier IC610A and one end of a resistor R630, the other end of the resistor R630 is connected with the power ground, the other end of the resistor R626 is connected with one end of a resistor R627, the gate of a MOS transistor Q611 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q617, the other end of the resistor R627, the source of the MOS transistor Q611 and the source of the MOS transistor Q617 are all connected with the power ground, the drain of the MOS transistor Q, the output end of the operational amplifier IC610A is connected with the anode of a diode D606, and the cathode of the diode D606 is the overcurrent signal output end of the second H-bridge detection circuit. The current-voltage condition at the input of the second waveform of the H-bridge is detected by a first H-bridge detection circuit.
Wherein, the second H-bridge detection circuit comprises a resistor R632, one end of the resistor R632 is connected with the fourth waveform input end of the H-bridge and one end of a resistor R633, the other end of the resistor R632 is connected with the anode of a diode D620, the anode of a diode D619 and one end of a capacitor C648, the other end of the capacitor C648 is connected with the power ground, the cathode of a diode D619 is connected with the anode of a diode D618, the cathode of a diode D618 is connected with the second working end of the gate drive power adapter module, the cathode of a diode D620 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier IC610B and one end of a resistor R637, the other end of the resistor R637 is connected with the power ground, the other end of the resistor R633 is connected with one end of a resistor R634, the grid of a MOS tube Q612 and the grid of the MOS tube Q619, the other end of the resistor R634, the source of the MOS tube Q612 and the source of the MOS tube Q619 are all connected with the power ground, the drain of the MOS tube Q635 is connected with one, the other end of the resistor R638 is connected with 12V voltage, and the negative electrode of the diode D609 is an overcurrent signal output end of the second H-bridge detection circuit and is connected with a first input end of an overcurrent optical coupler IC 611. The current-voltage condition at the fourth waveform input of the H-bridge is detected by a second H-bridge detection circuit.
The overcurrent protection control output circuit comprises an optocoupler IC611, an overcurrent signal output end of the first H-bridge detection circuit and an overcurrent signal output end of the second H-bridge detection circuit are both connected with a first input end of the overcurrent optocoupler IC611, and a first output end of the overcurrent optocoupler IC611 is connected with a power ground; the second input end of the overcurrent optical coupler IC611 is connected with 5V voltage, the second output end of the overcurrent optical coupler IC611 is connected with the cathode of a diode D608, one end of a resistor R660, the grid of a MOS tube Q614, the grid of a MOS tube Q613 and one end of a thyristor Q615, the other end of the resistor R660, the source of the MOS tube Q614 and the source of the MOS tube Q613 are connected with a power ground, the other end of the thyristor Q615 is connected with 5V voltage, the anode of the diode D608 is connected with the overcurrent protection control output end of the single chip microcomputer, the drain of the MOS tube Q614 is connected with one end of a resistor R661 and the overcurrent protection signal input end of the sine wave generator, the drain of the MOS tube Q613 is the waveform protection control detection input end of the overcurrent protection module, the drain of the MOS tube Q613 is connected with one end of a resistor R657 and one end of a resistor R658, the other end of the.
When any one of the AC output circuit, the second waveform input end of the H bridge and the fourth waveform input end of the H bridge generates overcurrent or overvoltage, the overcurrent protection module simultaneously sends an overcurrent protection signal to the AC protection control circuit and the sine wave generator, and the AC protection relay K601 disconnects the wiring bar J602, so that the AC power supply output is stopped.
The alternating current output starting circuit comprises a resistor R23, one end of a resistor R23 is connected with an alternating current starting end of the single chip microcomputer, the other end of a resistor R23 is connected with one end of a resistor R22 and the grid electrode of a MOS transistor Q6, the other end of the resistor R22 and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q6 are connected with a power ground, the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q6 is connected with one end of a winding of an alternating current starting relay K602 and one end of a capacitor C12, and the other end of the winding of the alternating current starting; the other end of the capacitor C12 is connected to the power ground.
The common end of an alternating current starting relay K602 is connected with a 340V power supply, the normally open end of a contact point of the alternating current starting relay K602 is connected with an H bridge power supply voltage input end, one end of a resistor R604, one end of a resistor R662, one end of a capacitor C641 and one end of a capacitor C642, the other end of the capacitor C641 and the other end of the capacitor C642 are connected with a power supply ground, the other end of the resistor R604 is connected with the 340V power supply, the other end of the resistor R662 is connected with one end of a resistor R663, the other end of the resistor R663 is connected with one end of a resistor R664 and one.
The charging protection control circuit comprises a resistor R306, one end of the resistor R306 is connected with a charging control output protection control end of the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the resistor R306 is connected with one end of a resistor R305 and a base electrode of a triode Q302, an emitting electrode of the triode Q302 is connected with the other end of the resistor R305, the other end of the resistor R305 is connected with a power ground, a collector electrode of the triode Q302 is connected with one end of a winding of a charging protection relay K401, and the other end of the winding of the charging protection;
the battery pack charging circuit comprises a first end of a battery pack, one end of a resistor R201, the other end of the resistor R201 is connected with one end of a diode D202, a source electrode of an MOS tube Q202, one end of a resistor R206 and one end of a resistor R203, the other end of the resistor R203 is connected with an alternating current protection input end of a single chip microcomputer and one end of a resistor R202, the other end of the resistor R202 is connected with the other end of the resistor R206, the other end of the diode D202 and a grid electrode of the MOS tube Q202, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q202 is connected with a second end of a wiring bar J202, the first end of the wiring bar J202 is connected with one end;
the other end of the fuse F201 is connected with a second input end of the charging optocoupler IC104, a second output end of the charging optocoupler IC104 is connected with one end of a resistor R101, the other end of the resistor R101 is connected with one end of a resistor R102, the other end of the resistor R102 is connected with one end of a resistor R105, the other end of the resistor R105 is a battery pack protection data signal output end and is connected with a single-chip microcomputer lithium battery protection data signal input end and one end of a resistor R103, the other end of the resistor R103 is connected with a power ground, a first input end of the charging optocoupler IC104 is connected with one end of a resistor R104, the other end;
the other end of the fuse F202 is connected with a common end of a charging protection relay K401, a contact normally closed end of the charging protection relay K401 is connected with one end of a resistor R412 and the cathode of a diode D401, the other end of the resistor R412 is connected with the anode of a diode D402, the cathode of the diode D402 is connected with the other end of a fuse F201, the anode of the diode D401 is connected with one end of a resistor R401 and the first end of a wiring bar J401, the other end of the resistor R401 is connected with one end of a resistor R402, the other end of the resistor R402 is connected with a quick charging current detection end of a single chip microcomputer and one end of a resistor R403, the other end of the resistor R403 is connected with a power ground, the second end of the wiring bar J401 is connected with one end of a resistor R26, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected with the cathode of a diode D5, the anode of a diode; the second end of the junction bank J401 is connected with one end of a resistor R24, the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with the anode of a diode D6 and the cathode of a diode D3, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with 12V voltage, and the anode of a diode D3 is connected with the ground.
The singlechip slow charging current detection input end connects electric capacity C304 one end, resistance 302 one end and resistance R303 one end, the electric capacity C304 other end and the other end of resistance R303 connect power ground, the resistance R303 other end is still connected resistance R304 one end and diode D302 anodal, resistance R304 other end connecting resistance 301 one end and wiring row J302 second end, MOS pipe Q301 grid is connected to the resistance 301 other end, MOS pipe Q301 drain electrode is connected to the resistance 302 other end, MOS pipe Q301 source electrode connects the first end of wiring row J302, singlechip external power source detection input end and resistance R325 one end are connected to diode D302 negative pole, the third end of wiring row J302 is connected to the resistance R325 other end.
And according to the alternating current output voltage requirements (such as 110V, 220V and 380V) of the portable power supply, the lithium battery cells are connected in series or connected in parallel and then connected in series, and finally the high-voltage battery pack is formed. For 110V output, the high-voltage battery pack is formed by connecting 40-50 lithium battery cells in series (or connecting the lithium battery cells in parallel and then connecting the lithium battery cells in series), and the output voltage is 130-190V. For 220V output, the high-voltage battery pack is formed by connecting 80-100 lithium battery electric cores in series (or connecting the lithium battery electric cores in parallel and then connecting the lithium battery electric cores in series), and the output voltage is 260-380V. For 380V output, the high-voltage battery pack is formed by connecting 140-170 lithium battery cells in series (or connecting the lithium battery cells in parallel and then connecting the lithium battery cells in series), and the output voltage is 518V-720V.
The ultrasonic insect expelling module, the Bluetooth sound box module, the emergency lighting module and the electronic equipment charging module are added according to the use requirements, and the starting input ends of the ultrasonic insect expelling module, the Bluetooth sound box module, the emergency lighting module and the electronic equipment charging module are all connected with the circuit starting output end of the switch module.
The invention also provides a control method capable of outputting alternating current and direct current, which comprises the portable power supply capable of outputting alternating current and direct current in the scheme, and further comprises the following steps:
s1: charging or discharging according to the requirement, if the charging is needed, closing a charging switch, and executing S2; if the alternating current power supply output is needed, closing the alternating current power supply switch, and executing S3; if the direct current power supply output is needed, closing the direct current power supply switch, and executing S4;
s2: the charging switch is closed, the charging circuit is switched on, the battery pack is charged through the charging circuit, and meanwhile, the single chip microcomputer detects the current voltage state of the battery pack through the first current voltage detection module; if the charging voltage or current is too large, the single chip microcomputer sends a charging stopping signal to the charging protection control circuit, and the charging protection control circuit forcibly disconnects the charging circuit through a charging protection relay K401 to stop charging the battery pack;
s3: the alternating current power supply switch is closed, the alternating current starting relay K602 of the alternating current output starting circuit is communicated with the voltage input end of the H bridge power supply, meanwhile, a sine wave generating instruction is sent to the sine wave generator through the single chip microcomputer, the sine wave generator sends out sine waves, the sine waves are output to the H bridge through the IGBT driving module, and alternating current is output from the wiring bank J602 through the inductive filter and the conjugate inductor L602;
meanwhile, current detection is carried out on the alternating current output circuit through an overcurrent detection module, when overcurrent is detected, the alternating current power supply output is cut off through a relay K601, and meanwhile, a sine wave generator of the single chip case sends a sine wave signal for stopping outputting;
s4: and closing the direct current power supply switch, and outputting direct current through the direct current output module.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A cascaded battery protection circuit, characterized by: the protection module is characterized in that a lithium battery protection data output end of the protection module is connected with a charging and discharging control circuit protection data input end, the protection module comprises n-stage series battery protection circuits, and each battery protection circuit protects a group of batteries independently.
2. The cascaded battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein: the charge and discharge control circuit comprises a discharge control circuit and a charge control circuit, the overcharge detection signal output end of the protection module is connected with the overcharge detection signal output end of the charge control circuit, the execution signal output end of the charge control circuit is connected with the execution signal input end of the charge circuit, the overdischarge detection signal output end of the protection module is connected with the overdischarge detection signal output end of the charge control circuit, and the execution signal output end of the discharge control circuit is connected with the execution signal input end of the discharge circuit.
3. A cascaded battery protection circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the discharge control circuit comprises a resistor R111, one end of the resistor R111 is connected with an overcharge detection signal output end of a lithium battery of the protection module and the cathode of the diode D111, the anode of the diode D111 is connected with the public end of a contact of a relay JP1, the other end of the resistor R111 is connected with one end of a resistor R112 and the grid of an MOS tube Q111, the drain of the MOS tube Q111 and the other end of the resistor R112 are connected with the public end of the contact of the relay JP1, the source of the MOS tube Q111 is connected with a winding disconnection signal input end of a relay JP1, and the anode; the normally closed switch of the relay JP1 is connected in series to the discharge circuit, when the discharge control circuit receives the over-discharge detection signal of the protection module, the winding of the relay JP1 is electrified, the normally closed switch of the relay JP1 is disconnected, and the discharge circuit is disconnected through the normally closed switch of the relay JP1 to stop discharging.
4. A cascaded battery protection circuit as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the charging control circuit comprises a resistor R118, one end of the resistor R118 is connected with an overcharge detection signal output end of the lithium battery of the protection module and the cathode of the diode D115, the anode of the diode D115 is connected with a contact normally-closed end of a relay JP2, the other end of the resistor R118 is connected with one end of a resistor R117 and the grid of an MOS tube Q114, the source of the MOS tube Q114 and the other end of the resistor R117 are connected with a contact normally-closed end of a relay JP2, the drain of the MOS tube Q114 is connected with a winding disconnection signal input end of a relay JP2, and the anode; the normally closed switch of the relay JP2 is connected in series to the charging circuit, when the charging control circuit receives the overcharge detection signal of the protection module, the winding of the relay JP2 is electrified, the normally closed switch of the relay JP2 is disconnected, the charging circuit is disconnected through the normally closed switch of the relay JP2, and charging is stopped;
the winding disconnection signal input end of the relay JP2 is connected with the drain electrode of a MOS tube Q113, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q113 is connected with the normally open end of the contact of the relay JP2, one end of a resistor R116, one end of a resistor R114 and one end of a diode D113, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q113 is connected with one end of the resistor R115, the other end of the resistor R115 is connected with the other end of the diode D113, the other end of the resistor R116 is connected with the cathode of the diode D114;
the other end of the resistor R114 is connected, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q112 is connected with the winding closing signal input end of the relay JP1, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q112 is connected with the normally opened end of the contact of the relay JP1, one end of the resistor R113 and the other end of the resistor R115, the other end of the resistor R113 is connected with the cathode of the diode D112, and the anode of the diode D112 is connected with the common end of the contact of the relay JP 63.
5. The cascaded battery protection circuit of claim 4, wherein: both relay JP2 and relay JP1 employ magnetically held relays.
6. The cascaded battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein: the nth-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip ICn, wherein the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip ICn is connected with one end of a resistor Rn-1 and one end of a capacitor Cn, the other end of the resistor Rn-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BTn, the positive electrode of the nth battery pack is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip ICn and the other end of the capacitor Cn, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip ICn is connected with one end of a resistor Rn-2, and the other end of the resistor Rn-2 is connected with the common grounding end of; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip ICn is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Qn-1, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Qn-1 is connected with one end of a resistor Rn-3, the other end of the resistor Rn-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Qn-3, a collector electrode of the triode Qn-3 is connected with an anode of a diode Dn-1, a cathode of the diode Dn-1 is an overcharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode Dn-1 is connected with one end of a load resistor Rn-5, and the other end of the load resistor Rn-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip ICn is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Qn-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Qn-2 is connected with one end of a resistor Rn-4, the other end of the resistor Rn-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Qn-4, a collector electrode of the triode Qn-4 is connected with an anode of a diode Dn-2, a cathode of the diode Dn-2 is an over-discharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode Dn-2 is connected with one end of a resistor Rn-6, and the other end of the resistor Rn-6 is an over-; the source electrode of the MOS tube Qn-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Qn-1, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Qn-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
the (n-1) th-level battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1), the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1) is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-1) -1 and one end of a capacitor C (n-1), the other end of the resistor R (n-1) -1 is connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT (n-1), the anode of the battery pack BT (n-1) is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1) and the other end of the capacitor C (n-1), the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1) is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-1) -2, and the other end of the resistor R (n-1) -2 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1) is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q (n-1) -1, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-1) -1 is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-1) -3, the other end of the resistor R (n-1) -3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q (n-1) -3, a collector electrode of the triode Q (n-1) -3 is connected with an anode of a diode D (n-1) -1, a cathode of the diode D (n-1) -1 is an overcharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D (n-1) -1 is connected with one end of a load resistor R (n-1) -5, and the other end of the load resistor R (n-1) -5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-1) is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q (n-1) -2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-1) -2 is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-1) -4, the other end of the resistor R (n-1) -4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q (n-1) -4, a collector electrode of the triode Q (n-1) -4 is connected with an anode of a diode D (n-1) -2, a cathode of the diode D (n-1) -2 is an over-discharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D (n-1) -2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R (n-1) -6, and the other end of the load resistor R (n-1) -6 is an over-; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-1) -2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-1) -1, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-1) -1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
the (n-2) th stage battery protection circuit includes a high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2), the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2) is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-2) -1 and one end of a capacitor C (n-2), the other end of the resistor R (n-2) -1 is connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT (n-2), the anode of the battery pack BT (n-2) is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2) and the other end of the capacitor C (n-2), the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2) is connected with one end of the resistor R (n-2) -2, and the other end of the resistor R (n-2) -2 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2) is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q (n-2) -1, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-2) -1 is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-2) -3, the other end of the resistor R (n-2) -3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q (n-2) -3, a collector electrode of the triode Q (n-2) -3 is connected with an anode of a diode D (n-2) -1, a cathode of the diode D (n-2) -1 is an overcharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D (n-2) -1 is connected with one end of a load resistor R (n-2) -5, and the other end of the load resistor R (n-2) -5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of a high-precision battery protection chip IC (n-2) is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q (n-2) -2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-2) -2 is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-2) -4, the other end of the resistor R (n-2) -4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q (n-2) -4, a collector electrode of the triode Q (n-2) -4 is connected with an anode of a diode D (n-2) -2, a cathode of the diode D (n-2) -2 is an over-discharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D (n-2) -2 is connected with one end of a resistor R (n-2) -6, and the other end of a load resistor R (n-2) -6 is an over-; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-2) -2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-2) -1, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q (n-2) -1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
……；
the second-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC2, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-1 and one end of a capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R2-1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT2, the positive electrode of the battery pack BT2 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 and the other end of the capacitor C2, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-2, and the other end of the resistor R2-2 is connected with the common grounding end of; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with a grid of an MOS tube Q2-1, a drain of the MOS tube Q2-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-3, the other end of the resistor R2-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q2-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q2-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D2-1, a cathode of the diode D2-1 is an overcharge signal input end, a cathode of the diode D2-1 is connected with one end of a load resistor R2-5, and the other end of the load resistor R2-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the battery protection;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC2 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q2-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2-4, the other end of the resistor R2-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q2-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q2-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D2-2, a cathode of the diode D2-2 is an over-discharge signal input end, a cathode of the diode D2-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R2-6, and the other end of the load resistor R2-6 is an over-; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2-1 is the working output end of the battery protection circuit;
the first-stage battery protection circuit comprises a high-precision battery protection chip IC1, the power supply voltage end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-1 and one end of a capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1-1 is connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT1, the anode of the battery pack BT1 is connected with the common grounding end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1, the other end of a capacitor C1, one end of a resistor R1-7 and one end of a resistor R1-8, the working signal end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-2, and the other end of the resistor R1-2 is connected with the other end of a resistor; the overcharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q1-1, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1-1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-3, the other end of the resistor R1-3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q1-3, a collector electrode of the triode Q1-3 is connected with an anode of a diode D1-1, a cathode of the diode D1-1 is an overcharge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D1-1 is connected with one end of a load resistor R1-5, and the other end of the load resistor R1-5 is an overcharge signal output end of the;
the over-discharge detection output end of the high-precision battery protection chip IC1 is connected with a grid electrode of an MOS tube Q1-2, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1-2 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-4, the other end of the resistor R1-4 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q1-4, a collector electrode of the triode Q1-4 is connected with an anode of a diode D1-2, a cathode of the diode D1-2 is an over-charge signal input end of the battery protection circuit, a cathode of the diode D1-2 is connected with one end of a load resistor R1-6, and the other end of the load resistor R1-6 is an over-; the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1-2 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1-1, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q1-1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R1-4;
an emitting electrode Qn-3 of a triode Qn-3 of the nth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the battery pack BTn, an emitting electrode Qn-4 of the triode Qn-4 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery pack BTn, an over-discharge signal input end of the nth-stage battery protection circuit is a second over-discharge signal detection end, and an over-discharge signal output end of the nth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the n-1 stage battery protection circuit; the overcharge signal input end of the nth-stage battery protection circuit is a second overcharge signal detection end, and the overcharge signal output end of the nth-stage battery protection circuit is connected with the overcharge signal input end of the (n-1) th-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q (n-1) -3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q (n-1) -4 of the (n-1) th-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the nth-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the (n-1) th-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the (n-2) th-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the (n-1) th-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the (n-2) th-stage battery protection circuit;
an emitting electrode of a triode Q (n-2) -3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q (n-2) -4 of the n-2 th-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the n-1 th-stage battery protection circuit, an overdischarge signal output end of the n-2 th-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an overdischarge signal input end of the n-3 th-stage battery protection circuit, and an overcharge signal output end of the n-2 th-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an overcharge signal input end of the n-3 th-stage battery protection circuit;
……；
an emitting electrode of a triode Q2-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q2-4 of the second-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the third-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the second-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-discharge signal input end of the first-stage battery protection circuit, and an over-charge signal output end of the second-stage battery protection circuit is connected with an over-charge signal input end of the first-stage battery protection circuit;
and an emitting electrode of a triode Q1-3 and an emitting electrode of a triode Q1-4 of the first-stage battery protection circuit are both connected with a working output end of the second-stage battery protection circuit, an over-discharge signal output end of the first-stage battery protection circuit is an over-discharge protection data output end of a protection module lithium battery, and an over-charge signal output end of the first-stage battery protection circuit is an over-charge protection data output end of the protection module lithium battery.
CN202011060827.3A 2020-09-30 2020-09-30 Cascade battery protection circuit Pending CN112234671A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101267122A (en) * 2008-01-02 2008-09-17 何岳明 Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple serial lithium battery
CN102684165A (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-19 比亚迪股份有限公司 Charge and discharge protection circuit for multi-section lithium battery
JP2013051873A (en) * 2012-10-25 2013-03-14 Seiko Instruments Inc Battery protection ic and battery device
CN204046213U (en) * 2014-07-15 2014-12-24 深圳市锐深科技有限公司 A kind of discharge and recharge is with mouth control circuit
CN208623365U (en) * 2018-08-30 2019-03-19 崔鹏程 A kind of protection circuit for cells
CN210867181U (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-06-26 武汉彦阳物联科技有限公司 Multi-string distributed lithium battery protection board

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101267122A (en) * 2008-01-02 2008-09-17 何岳明 Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple serial lithium battery
CN102684165A (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-19 比亚迪股份有限公司 Charge and discharge protection circuit for multi-section lithium battery
JP2013051873A (en) * 2012-10-25 2013-03-14 Seiko Instruments Inc Battery protection ic and battery device
CN204046213U (en) * 2014-07-15 2014-12-24 深圳市锐深科技有限公司 A kind of discharge and recharge is with mouth control circuit
CN208623365U (en) * 2018-08-30 2019-03-19 崔鹏程 A kind of protection circuit for cells
CN210867181U (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-06-26 武汉彦阳物联科技有限公司 Multi-string distributed lithium battery protection board

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Application publication date: 20210115