CN101266758A - Rapid image rendering on dual-modulator displays - Google Patents

Rapid image rendering on dual-modulator displays Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101266758A
CN101266758A CNA2008100970816A CN200810097081A CN101266758A CN 101266758 A CN101266758 A CN 101266758A CN A2008100970816 A CNA2008100970816 A CN A2008100970816A CN 200810097081 A CN200810097081 A CN 200810097081A CN 101266758 A CN101266758 A CN 101266758A
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light source
effective luminance
layer
luminance patterns
display
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CN101266758B (en
Inventor
洛恩·A·怀特黑德
海尔基·斯特泽恩
沃尔夫冈·海德里奇
乔治·J·沃德
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Brightside Technologies Inc
Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corp
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University of British Columbia
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/35—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3406—Control of illumination source
    • G09G3/342—Control of illumination source using several illumination sources separately controlled corresponding to different display panel areas, e.g. along one dimension such as lines
    • G09G3/3426—Control of illumination source using several illumination sources separately controlled corresponding to different display panel areas, e.g. along one dimension such as lines the different display panel areas being distributed in two dimensions, e.g. matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • G09G2320/0646—Modulation of illumination source brightness and image signal correlated to each other
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3406—Control of illumination source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers

Abstract

Apparatus and methods are provided that employ one or more of a variety of techniques for reducing the time required to display high resolution images on a high dynamic range display having a light source layer and a display layer. In one technique, the image resolution is reduced, an effective luminance pattern is determined for the reduced resolution image, and the resolution of the effective luminance pattern is then increased to the resolution of the display layer. In another technique, the light source layer's point spread function is decomposed into a plurality of components, and an effective luminance pattern is determined for each component. The effective luminance patterns are then combined to produce a total effective luminance pattern. Additional image display time reduction techniques are provided.

Description

Rapid image on the dual-modulator displays presents
The application is that the national applications submitted on May 27th, 2005 number is 200580029193.2, denomination of invention is divided an application for the application for a patent for invention of " rapid image on the dual-modulator displays presents ".
The intersection contrast of related application
The application requires the U.S. Patent application No.60/591 from application on July 27th, 2004, the right of priority of 829 " RAPID FRAME RENDERING FOR HIGHDYMAMIC RANGE DISPLAYS ".For the situation of the U.S., the application requires No.60/591 on July 27th, 2004 according to 35U.S.C. § 119, the rights and interests under 829 " the RAPIDFRAME RENDERING FOR HIGH DYMAMIC RANGE DISPLAYS ".
Technical field
The invention relates to and be used for the system and method for on the display that two modulator type are arranged displayed image.First modulator produces optical mode, and second optical mode that modulators modulate is produced by first modulator is to generate image.
Background technology
The International Patent Application WO 03/077013 that the International Patent Application WO 02/069030 that on September 6th, 2002 announced and on September 18th, 2003 announce, the two all is incorporated into this for reference, discloses the display with modulated light source layer and modulated display layer.Modulated light source layer is driven and the graphical representation that produces low resolution.By the expression of display layer modulation low resolution, with the image that provides a high-resolution to watch by the beholder.Light source layer can comprise a matrix of light source such as the light emitting diode (LED) of active modulation.The display layer that is positioned at the light source layer front end and aims at can be a LCD (LCD).
If this is two-layer have different spatial resolutions (such as, the resolution of light source layer may approximately be display layer resolution 0.1%), software correction method and psychology response (for example hiding brightness) can avoid the beholder to find out that resolution does not match so.
The electronic system that is used for driving such as the photomodulator of LED or LCD panel is that those skilled in the art know.For example, LCD graphoscope and televisor have commercially available.Such display and televisor comprise the circuit of the amount that is used to control the light that is sent by each pixel on the LCD panel.Derive driving of task from viewdata signal and on calculating, may expend height with control light source layer and display layer.Obtain the processor of the video/graphics card that such signal can be by computing machine or other is integrated into computing machine, carries out to display self or to the suitable processor of a servicing unit by some.
Deriving from viewdata signal may consumes expensive on calculating with the task of control light source layer and display layer.Obtain the processor of the video/graphics card that such signal can be by computing machine or carry out by some other suitable processor that is integrated into computing machine, display or servicing unit.This performance of processors restriction may undesirably limit the speed of the subsequent image frame that can be shown.For example, if the scarce capacity of processor is handled the video data of input with the frame rate of pressing video data, the observer may detect in succession between the video frame image time-out little as film so.This possibility disturbance-observer person's notice and negative effect observer's image-watching are experienced.
Need a kind of as the display of above-mentioned universal class on display image practicality, cost benefit is good and effective display system.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing illustrates non-restrictive example of the present invention.
The diagram of Fig. 1 has been described point spread function (PSF) and has been segmented into narrow and wide Gauss's base segment.
Fig. 2 A, the diagram of 2B and 2C has been described 16 point spread function (PSF) and has been divided into 28 (height and low byte) section.
The diagram of Fig. 3 has been described the transition behavior of the point spread function values of 8 high and low bytes with respect to 16 scopes.
The diagram of Fig. 4 has been described the height and the low byte point spread function of the point spread function described corresponding to Fig. 1.
The diagram of Fig. 5 has been described the application of an iteration derivation interpolating function, promptly derives the effective luminance patterns of interpolation (ELP) of an effective luminance patterns of very approximate reality (ELP).
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of display.
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram that expression is used for the method for display image on the display with controllable light source layer and controlled display layer.
Fig. 8 is the process flow diagram that the method for effective luminance patterns is determined in expression.
Fig. 9 is the process flow diagram that the method for an effective luminance patterns or a definite effective luminance patterns component is determined in expression.
Describe
In following whole descriptions, illustrated detail, to provide the present invention is understood more completely.Yet enforcement of the present invention can not need these special cases.In other example,, do not represent in detail or describe some well-known elements for fear of the present invention being produced unnecessary fuzzy understanding.Therefore, this instructions and accompanying drawing should be counted as exemplary and nonrestrictive on understanding.
The present invention may be used on very wide field, and wherein image shows by producing optical mode, and this optical mode is determined by view data at least in part, and modulated this optical mode to produce image.This optical mode can be produced by suitable arbitrarily equipment.Some example comprises:
● by a plurality of light sources that drive circuit drives, this drive circuit allows the Dimmableization of light source.
● the fixing or variable light source that combines with reflection-type or mode transmission modulator, the light that this modulators modulate is sent by light source.
Below describe the embodiment relate to non-restrictive example, wherein optical mode is that a side at a LCD panel is produced by a led array, and the LCD panel is controlled the light generation visual image with the light modulated pattern.In this example, can consider that led array forms first modulator, and the LCD panel is formed second modulator.
Usually, present picture frame or frame group so that being presented at the LED/LCD layer shows, be with following calculation procedure:
1. obtain view data (can be all over the screen or part screen image data)
2. use the proper technology that those skilled in the art know (for example, can be based on neighbor interpolation) such as intensity and the such factor of color, to each LED of first modulator from the motivation value that it is suitable that view data is derived.
3. use the LED motivation value of derivation and any layer characteristic between the LED point spread function on the LED layer and LED layer and the LCD layer, determine effective luminance patterns, when the LED motivation value was applied to the LED layer, the result of this pattern will be on the LCD layer.
4. then, divided by effective luminance patterns by the image of image definition data, and the raw modulation data of acquisition LCD layer.
5. in some cases, raw modulation data be modified and cause in LED or LCD layer, occur such as non-linear or this class problem of other human factor.The suitable technology (for example, measuring gamma correction, value replacement operation or the like) of using those skilled in the art to know can be handled these problems.For example, generate the modulating data be modified and may relate to the change raw modulation data, with other concrete property of coupling gamma correction curve or LCD layer.
6. last, the driving data of using modulating data for LCD (can be raw modulation data or the modulating data revised) and LED is to drive LCD and LED layer, the image that generation is expected.
At this whole bag of tricks that assesses the cost that reduction produces the final modulating data that is used for display image is described.These methods comprise:
● in than the low accuracy territory, carry out some part calculating (for example, at 8 bit fields, rather than 16 bit fields calculate) at least; And
● be embodied as one or more options of effectively setting up effective luminance patterns described herein.
Though these technology can be single realizations, can use the combination in any of technology described herein.
Effectively luminance patterns determines
The point spread function of each LED in the LED layer is to be determined by the geometric attribute of this LED.Total effectively simple technique of luminance patterns of determining the LED layer is at first with the point spread function of each LED (specifically, launched and the point spread function of light by all photo structures between LED and the LCD layer by LED) multiply by selected LED motivation value and a proper proportion parameter, to obtain for effective brightness contribution of this motivation value to the LED of each pixel on the LCD layer.
The brightness contribution of each LED in the way like this, LED layer can be determined and sue for peace, and to obtain the total effective luminance patterns on the LED layer, this pattern produces when selected motivation value is applied on the LED layer.Yet it is expensive (promptly time-consuming) that these multiplication and additive operation are calculated, because for the ease of carrying out the division arithmetic of above-mentioned steps 4, effective luminance patterns must be defined as the same spatial resolution with the LCD layer.
If the point spread function of LED has non-constant width " support ", computational costs is just big especially so." support " of a LED point spread function is the LCD number of picture elements that is shone with the amount of can not ignore by LED.This support can stipulate that at this, the LED point spread function becomes very little by means of the radius of measuring in LED layer pixel, do not come to such an extent as to the observer feels.This support corresponding to by each LED with the irradiated a plurality of LCD pixels of effective dose.
For example, consider a sexangle led array, wherein the center of each LED and next-door neighbour LED equal the distance of 50 LCD layer pixels at interval.If each LED has the point spread function of the support that contains 150 LCD pixels, each pixel of LCD layer core will be by the rayed from about 35 LED so.Thereby, contribute light quantity to each pixel in order to obtain each relevant LED with regard to this example, effectively the calculating of luminance brightness pattern need be to 35 computings of this each pixel of LCD layer.Have the high spatial resolution part at the LCD layer, this calculating is very expensive (promptly time-consuming) just.
Resolution reduces
Determine required time of effective luminance patterns of on LCD, producing, can reduce that this spatial resolution is lower than the resolution that appears at the high-definition picture on the LCD layer by calculating effective luminance patterns with the spatial resolution that reduces.Because the point spread function of each light source is smooth change normally, so this is feasible.Therefore, this effective luminance patterns changes relatively lentamente with the resolution of LCD.Thereby can calculate effective luminance patterns by low resolution, and calibrate this effective luminance patterns up to the high resolving power of being expected, the significant human factor that can not cause.
Can use suitable linearity, Gauss or other interpolation technique carry out convergent-divergent (scaling).Such spatial resolution reduces, and the result sets up the reduction that the calculating of effective luminance patterns expends approximately linear.Many available being used for increase the interpolation method of effective luminance patterns of calculating with low resolution in proportion, compared with calculating expending of effective luminance patterns with LCD or other second photomodulator resolution, save on calculating.
Use aforesaid example, the reduction of 10 resolutions on wide and high both direction produces and calculates the reduction that expends approximate 100 times.This is because the pixel sum on the image in different resolution that reduces lacks 100 times than the sum of the pixel on the high-definition picture that appears on the LCD layer.Each pixel of the image in different resolution that has reduced still receives light from 35 LED, must calculate for 35 times by every pixel, but compare with the situation of respectively every pixel in the high-definition picture of the reality that occurs on the LCD layer being carried out calculating respectively, these calculating but are applied on 100 times of few pixels.
Point spread function decomposes
The calculating that image presents expend also can by decompose each light source (for example, each LED) point spread function becomes several components (for example, decomposing by carrying out Gauss) to be lowered, way like this, with important recombinant and produce original point spread function.Then, can determine effective luminance patterns of each component respectively.In case each component has been determined effective luminance patterns, those effective luminance patterns just can be combined and produce total effective luminance patterns.For example, this combination can be undertaken by addition.
As mentioned above, calculate by effective luminance patterns of each component contribution and can be undertaken by the resolution of LCD layer or the resolution that has reduced.
(for example, the Gauss point spread function) nextport hardware component NextPort market is on sale, even by this LCD layer resolution each component is calculated effective luminance patterns, also can obtain benefit fast owing to the quick computing that is particularly suitable for carrying out measured point spread function.Such nextport hardware component NextPort is not that market is on sale to the typical non-standard point spread function of LED actual in the LED layer of display usually, thereby must appeal to the quite slow computing technique of using general processor.
If use above-mentioned resolution reduction technology to determine effective luminance patterns of every part, can reach bigger quick benefit.In addition, different spatial resolutions can be used for the different components of point spread function, to produce bigger quick benefit.For example, Fig. 1 (solid line) describes an exemplary L ED point spread function, and it has steep core 10 and wide portion 12.In this case, Shi Ji point spread function can resolve into the gaussian component 14A of a narrow base as described and the gaussian component 14B of a wide base.
The gaussian component 14B of wide base (dotted line) compares with the Gaussian segment 14B of narrow base, and is less to the image intensity contribution.In addition, the gaussian component 14B of wide base changes more slow compared with the gaussian component 14A of narrow base.Therefore, can determine that for effective luminance patterns of the gaussian component 14A of narrow base the gaussian component 14B for wide base can determine effective luminance patterns by quite low spatial resolution simultaneously by higher spatial resolution.This has preserved the image intensity information pith that is included among the narrow basic gaussian component 14A, so and because effective support of narrow basic Gaussian segment is seldom to have the LCD pixel to be covered by the sort of component for a short time, thereby still quite quick.Otherwise because wide basic gaussian component 14B contains relatively little image intensity information, this component can low resolution be handled relatively soon, can not reduce total effectively resolution of luminance patterns that pattern produced that combination is derived each component in fact.
Cut apart for 8
View data generally is that the form with 16 words provides.High-end (promptly more expensive) graphic process unit typical case calculates at 16 bit fields.Such processor can have special-purpose 16 or floating-point arithmetic unit, can carry out 16 bit arithmetics fast.Can alleviate carrying out the needs of the high-end processor of 16 bit arithmetics fast by calculate effective luminance patterns at 8 bit fields.Can reasonably carry out such calculating by not really expensive processor.
Each LED point spread function is that intensity is to a two-dimensional function with respect to LED centre distance.Such point spread function can be by a plurality of 16 bit data word portrayals.Wherein, point spread function is represented by look-up table, need define this point spread function with many 16 bit value; For example, for be positioned at the center on the circumference on the LED or and radius corresponding to each LCD pixel of the support of the radius of this point spread function, a value can be provided.
Each of these 16 bit data word has 8 high byte component and 8 low byte components, and (any one 16 place value A can be divided into two 8 place value B and C, makes A=B*2 8+ C, wherein B is " high byte ", and C is " low byte ").Only at the convergent-divergent of all necessity with handle after operation has been applied to 16 bit data of input this 8 place value of extraction preferably.Fig. 2 A has described one 16 bit point spread function; Fig. 2 B and 2C describe 8 high and low byte components of Fig. 2 A16 bit point spread function respectively.
16 bit data word can be represented from 2 0-1 to 2 16-1 round values (promptly from 0 to 65535).An octet can be represented from 2 0-1 to 2 8-1 round values (promptly from 0 to 255).By " support " (as previously defined) of the point spread function of 8 high byte component portrayal compared with the support of whole point spread function much smaller (narrower).This is because when 16 bit data word of portraying point spread function were made as a whole 255 values that reach among 65535 probable value scopes, these 8 high byte component reached the minimum (zero) of its 255 probable values.Provide null high byte component value by this low byte components for 255 values of remainder.Thereby can determine effective luminance patterns fast, and not have the substantial loss of image intensity information corresponding to narrow basic 8 high byte component.The determining of effective luminance patterns that resolution reduces and/or other above-mentioned technology has further been quickened 8 high byte component.
Support by the point spread function of 8 low byte components portrayal is quite wide.Specifically, although 8 low byte components have only 255 possible values, those values are reduced to 0 (being derived from 65535 values of point spread function as a whole) from 255, and those 255 values correspond to 255 minimum intensity level (promptly according to this level, the value of high byte component equals 0).Those 255 level are represented the value of point spread function in its periphery.
Low byte components can be divided into two zones.A central area of dropping in the border, the point spread function by the high byte component portrayal on the border reaches zero.In this central area, if 16 original bit point spread function are quite level and smooth, low byte components generally changes (being described as Fig. 3) with a kind of irregular serrated pattern so.This is because in the central area, the point spread function of being portrayed by low byte components has partly increased the point spread function part of being portrayed by high byte component.
For example, consideration is from the transition of 16 place values, 10239 to 16 place values 9728.This 16 place value 10239 has 39 high byte component value and 255 low byte component (being 39*256+255=10239).Therefore, this low byte components is 255 to the contribution of point spread function at first, and the contribution of high byte component is 39 at first.The contribution of high byte component remains on 39, and the contribution of low byte components drops to 0 from 255 smoothly---and at this point, original 16 bit point spread function have value 9984 (being 39*256+0).Then, high byte component the contribution margin of point spread function is changed to 38 from 39 smoothly, but this variation is followed the hurried variation of point spread function contribution margin (from 255 to 0) by low byte components.
At Fig. 4 as seen, in the original point spread function radius R (and wherein high byte component to the contribution margin non-zero of this point spread function), the sawtooth pattern to the contribution of point spread function of result's low byte components is the feature of original point spread function.Beyond radius R, high byte component is zero to the contribution margin of point spread function, and low byte components is to the contribution margin smooth change of point spread function.
Can in these two zones, (being the inside and outside zone of radius R) different disposal be carried out in the contribution of point spread function low byte components, to avoid undesirable human factor.For example, keep being included in the image intensity information substantial portion in the radius R interior zone, preferably use to be used for determining the same relative high resolving power of high byte component as previously mentioned, effective luminance patterns is determined in this zone the point spread function contribution.Otherwise, can use the much lower resolution that does not have the substantial loss image intensity information, determine effective luminance patterns of radius R exterior domain.
Three point spread function segments (is high byte component, low byte components zone in the radius R and the outer low byte components zone of radius R) after above-mentioned processing, the result is increased the resolution of sampling with coupling LED layer respectively, reconfigure with employed suitable zoom factor then.Typical combination relates to, after high byte component on duty is with 256, to the value summation of the value and the high byte component in two low byte components zones.
Interpolation
If the resolution of using resolution to be lower than LCD layer resolution is determined effective luminance pattern value, then must increase sampling so that be complementary to this value with the resolution of LCD layer.It is well-known being used for low-resolution image is increased the interpolation technique that is sampled as high-definition picture, is known based on linearity and technology Gauss.Though this prior art can be used in combination with above-mentioned technology, use interpolation technique can improve accuracy or speed to the particular display configuration optimization, or they the two.Optimization is convenient to the higher resolution image compression, the undesirable insertion human factor of introducing is minimized, and reduce the image presentative time.Under egregious cases, interpolation technique can be used to reduce effective luminance patterns resolution, makes it the resolution coupling with the LED layer.
Existing interpolation technique often is limited to specific pre-interpolated data and together uses, or is limited to and concrete interpolating function uses.This interpolation technique that is used to make the resolution of effective luminance patterns and resolution that LCD shows to be complementary, do not need to satisfy such restriction, as long as the convolution of pre-interpolated data and selected interpolating function will produce effective luminance patterns, this luminance patterns has enough similaritys with respect to the effective luminance patterns of reality.
Needed similarity depends on display application.The different similarity of different application needs-in some applications, relatively little deviation possibly can't be disturbed the observer with accepting, and bigger deviation in other application may be tolerable (for example, comprise the application of TV or computer game image, wherein big relatively deviation only is to produce the image that most observers can accept quality).Therefore, needn't directly use interpolation technique to actual LED motivation value, or be applied on the actual LED point spread function.
For example, Fig. 5 has described by using a kind of iteration derivation interpolation technique to reduce the resolution of effective luminance patterns with the resulting result of coupling LED layer resolution.Pixel value on LED layer resolution is not brightness values of this effective luminance patterns before this LED motivation value-they are interpolation.Can use the alternative manner and the random start condition of standard to determine this interpolating function.As seen in Figure 5, this iteration derives interpolating function and the quite approaching actual effectively result of luminance patterns of the convolution generation of effective luminance pattern value.
Can use many different interpolation techniques.At the point spread function of interpolating function and this LED, LED motivation value or arbitrarily between other the display characteristic, without any need for being correlated with, as long as select interpolating function and can produce the result of quite approaching actual effective luminance patterns for and function uses selected input parameter.
Exemplary embodiment
Fig. 6 represents some exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 6 illustrates a display 30, comprises a modulated light source layer 32 and display layer 34.For example, light source layer 32 can comprise:
● such as the such controllable light source array of LED;
● a constant intensity light source and a photomodulator, it is configured to be suitable for the light intensity of spatial modulation from light source;
● some combination of these devices.
Shown in device in, light source layer 32 comprises the array of LED33.
Display layer 34 comprises a photomodulator, and the further spatial modulation of this modulator is incident on intensity on the display layer 34 from light source layer 32.For example, display layer 34 can comprise a LCD panel or other transmission-type light modulator.Display layer 34 generally has than the high resolution of light source layer 32 resolution.Can between light source layer 32 and display layer 34, provide and be fit to send the photo structure 36 of display layer 34 to from the light of light source layer 32.Photo structure 36 can comprise as the space, light diffusion body, elements such as collimating apparatus.
Shown in device in, controller 40 comprises a data processor 42 and suitable interface electronic circuit, be useful on the 44A of control light source layer 32 and the 44B that is used to control display layer 34, this display layer receives the view data 46 that regulation is displayed on the image on the display 30.The pixel 35 of optical transmitting set of controller 40 driving light source layers 34 (for example, LED 33) and display layer 34 is watched the image of being expected to produce for individual or many people.Can comprise software instruction to the program storage 46 of processor 42 accesses, these instructions will cause processor 42 execution method described here when being carried out by processor 42.
Controller 40 can comprise a suitable programmable calculator, and this computing machine has suitable software/hardware interface, is used for controlling light source layer 32 and display layer 34, to show the image by view data 48 defineds.
Fig. 7 is illustrated in the method 50 of display image data on as shown in Figure 6 the universal display.Method 50 starts from piece 52 places reception view data 48.In piece 54, be used for first drive signal of light source layer 32 from view data 48 derivations.Suitably known method can be used to obtain first drive signal at piece 54.
In piece 56, method 50 is calculated effective luminance patterns.This effective luminance patterns can be calculated from the point spread function of first drive signal and the known light source that is used for light source layer 32.Piece 56 calculates effective luminance patterns by the resolution that is lower than display layer 34 resolution.For example, piece 56 can by each dimension less than display layer 34 resolution be 4 or the littler factor (in certain embodiments, factor range of each dimension is littler to 16 4) calculate effective luminance patterns.
In piece 60, effective luminance patterns of calculating at piece 58 is increased the resolution that sampling reaches display layer 34.Can realize this point by using for example any suitable interpolation technique.In piece 62, from increasing second drive signal that the effective luminance patterns of sampling and this view data are identified for display layer.Second drive signal also can be considered this display layer known features and expect image rectification, colour correction etc. arbitrarily.
At piece 64 places, first drive signal that obtains in piece 54 is applied to light source layer, and second drive signal that obtains in the piece 62 is applied to display layer, with display image for watching.
Fig. 8 represents to be used for calculating the method 70 of effective luminance patterns.Method 70 can be used in the piece 56 in the method 50 or is applied to other occasion.Method 70 starts from calculating the ELP ( piece 72A, 72B and 72C-are piece 72 jointly) of each component of point spread function of the light source of light source layer 32.Piece 72 can be carried out with random order, or carries out in parallel with each other.Fig. 8 represents three PSF component 73A, the piece 72 of 73B and 73C and three correspondences.This method can be implemented by two or more PSF components 73.
The component of this point spread function (PSF) generally is scheduled.The expression of each component is stored in the processor 42 accessible positions.For each light source of light source layer 32, each of piece 72 can comprise makes this point spread function component value of definition, multiply by the value of this intensity of light source of expression.In piece 74, be combined in piece 72 determined effective luminance patterns, for example by addition, produce total estimation of this effective luminance patterns, this produces by applying first drive signal to light source layer 32.
Fig. 9 illustrates the method 80 that can be used to calculate effective luminance patterns.Method 80 can be applied to:
● effective luminance patterns of the method 50 in the computing block 56; Or
● each component for point spread function in the piece 72 of method 70 calculates effective luminance patterns; Or
● be applied to other occasion.
Method 80 originates in the data of a point spread function (or a PSF component) of the light source of portrayal light source layer 32 at piece 82, and the indication light source can be with the data of much intensity operations under the control of first drive signal.Method 80 these values are grouped together (for instance, they being multiplied each other) obtain a class value, portray of the contribution of this light source to effective luminance patterns of various locus.
Piece 84 obtains the high-order and the low order component of end value.In certain embodiments, end value is 16 words, and high order component is an octet, and low order component is an octet.
To high-order in piece 86 and the piece 88 and definite respectively the contribution of low order component to ELP.To each light source, its value is included in support area in the contribution of 86 high-order and generally is significantly less than support area in the low order contribution that its value is included in piece 88.
Piece 88 is generally for the point of the support area that is positioned at high-order contribution (piece 90), and for the point outside the support area that is positioned at high-order contribution (piece 92), calculates low order contribution respectively.Piece 86,90 and 92 can be carried out in any order or simultaneously.
In piece 94, the contribution from piece 86,90 and 92 is grouped together produces a total ELP.At high-order and low order component is under octet or the littler situation, can mainly or fully carry out by 8 bit fields (promptly using 8 bit arithmetics on 8 positional operands) in the calculating in piece 86,90 and 92.
Some realization of the present invention comprises computer processor, and this processor is carried out and caused the software instruction that processor is carried out the inventive method.For example, one or more processors in computing machine or other display controller can be realized Fig. 7, the described method of Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 by carrying out the software instruction in the accessible program storage of processor.The present invention also can provide with the form of program product.This program product can comprise any one group of medium that contains the computer-readable signal of instruction that carries, and when these instructions are carried out by data processor, causes that data processor carries out this clearly demarcated method.According to program product of the present invention can be changeable arbitrarily in form.For example, this program product can comprise the physical medium such as magnetic data storage media, and this comprises floppy disk, hard disk drive; Optical data memory, this comprises CD ROM and DVD, electronic data storage medium, this comprises ROM, flashRAM etc.; Or transmission type media, such as numeral or analog communication links.Computing machine read signal on this program product can be to be compressed alternatively or to encrypt.
Assembly wherein (for example, parts, part, subassembly, device, processor, controller, collimator, circuit or the like) unless points out in addition, all will be with reference to above explanation, should be interpreted as comprising that with reference to those assemblies (comprising) those carry out any assembly equivalent of described assembly function (being the equivalent on the function) with reference to " method ", the assembly that comprises not is the structure that is equivalent to function in the execution of the being revealed exemplary embodiment shown in the present on the structure.
Be apparent that,,, to have many substituting and modification under its spirit or scope by in the enforcement of the present invention by above disclosing for those skilled in the art, for example:
● light source layer can comprise many dissimilar light sources, and they can have the point spread function that differs from one another.
● display can comprise color monitor, and above-mentioned calculating can be carried out respectively in the multicolour each.
Though some by way of example and embodiment more than have been discussed, those skilled in the art should see certain change, arrange, add with and the part combination.Therefore the meaning here is, following claims and claim after this are interpreted as being included in all these changes in their actual ranges, arrange, and adds and the part combination.

Claims (23)

1. an equipment of controlling display comprises a light source layer and a display layer, and this equipment comprises:
A controller is configured to:
Be identified for first motivation value of light source layer light source from view data;
Determine that the effective luminance patterns of light source layer is in first spatial resolution lower than display layer spatial resolution;
The spatial resolution that increases effective luminance patterns is to second spatial resolution corresponding to display layer resolution; And
Based on view data and effectively luminance patterns at least, be identified for second motivation value of display layer;
First interface can be connected to light source layer, to apply first motivation value to light source layer; And
Second interface can be connected to display layer, to apply second motivation value to display layer.
2. according to the equipment of claim 1, comprise light source layer that is connected to first interface and the display layer that is connected to second interface.
3. according to the equipment of claim 2, wherein light source layer comprises a plurality of light sources that can control respectively.
4. according to the equipment of claim 2, wherein light source layer comprises the array of a light emitting diode.
5. according to the equipment of claim 2, wherein light source layer comprises a light source and a modulator, and modulator configuration is the light of modulation by light emitted.
6. the equipment one of any according to claim 1 to 5, wherein display layer comprises a transport-type modulator, it has a plurality of pixels that can control respectively.
7. according to any one equipment of claim 1 to 6, wherein this display layer comprises a LCD panel.
8. the equipment one of any according to claim 1 to 5, wherein at least 4 times of the resolution of display layer are to first spatial resolution.
9. a kind of equipment according to Claim 8, wherein on each dimension of two dimension at least 8 times of the resolution of display layer to first spatial resolution.
10. the equipment one of any according to claim 1 to 9 comprises being used for by carry out the device that interpolation increases the spatial resolution of effective luminance patterns on the data of the effective luminance patterns of definition.
11. the equipment one of any according to claim 1 to 10, comprise an accessible data-carrier store of controller, and comprising the information of a plurality of components of the point spread function of definition light source layer light source, its middle controller is configured to estimate respectively and makes up and the corresponding contribution to effective luminance patterns of each component.
12. according to the equipment of claim 11, wherein each component is a gaussian component.
13. according to the equipment of claim 12, comprise a hardware processor, it is provided at the function of direct computing on the gaussian component.
14. the equipment one of any according to claim 1 to 13 comprises that increases a sampling thief, is used to increase corresponding with each component spatial resolution to effective luminance patterns contribution to second spatial resolution.
15. the equipment one of any according to claim 1 to 14 comprises being used for determining corresponding to effective luminance patterns component of the high order part of data with corresponding to the device of effective luminance patterns component of the low order portion of data.
16. according to the equipment of claim 15, be used for wherein determining comprising software instruction that this instruction makes the processor of controller at first carry out computing in 8 field of definition corresponding to the device of effective luminance patterns component of the high order part of data.
17. according to the equipment of claim 15 or 16, be used for wherein determining comprising software instruction that this instruction makes the processor of controller at first carry out computing in 8 field of definition corresponding to the device of effective luminance patterns component of the low order portion of data.
18. the method for a display image on display comprises a light source layer and a display layer, this method comprises:
Be identified for the motivation value of light source layer light source based on view data to small part;
Determine the effective luminance patterns of light source layer by the method that may further comprise the steps:
For in a plurality of components of the light source point spread function of light source layer each, determine contribution to effective luminance patterns; And
Make up of the contribution of each component, produce effective luminance patterns data effective luminance patterns; And
To small part based on effective luminance patterns data and view data, be identified for the motivation value of display layer.
19. display apparatus comprises:
A light source layer
A display layer,
A controller is configured to:
Based on view data, be identified for first motivation value of light source layer light source at least in part;
By comprising the method for following steps, determine effective luminance patterns of this light source layer:
To a plurality of components of the point spread function of the light source of light source layer each, determine contribution to effective luminance patterns; And
Make up of the contribution of each component, produce effective luminance patterns data effective luminance patterns; And
Based on effective luminance patterns data and view data, be identified for second motivation value of display layer at least in part;
One first interface, it is connected to light source layer, to apply first motivation value to light source layer; And
One second interface, it is connected to display layer, to apply second motivation value to display layer.
20. the method for a display image on display, this display comprise a light source layer and a display layer, this method comprises:
Based on view data, be identified for the motivation value of the light source of light source layer at least in part;
By the method that may further comprise the steps, determine effective luminance patterns of light source layer:
For in a plurality of light sources of light source layer each:
The high-order of definite one group of point spread function values and low order portion are to the contribution of effective luminance patterns respectively; And
Combination high-order and low order point spread function values produce effective luminance patterns data to the contribution of effective luminance patterns; And
Based on effective luminance patterns data and view data, be identified for the motivation value of display layer at least in part.
21. display apparatus comprises:
A light source layer
A display layer.
A controller is configured to:
Based on view data, be identified for first motivation value of light source layer light source at least in part;
By comprising the method for following steps, determine effective luminance patterns of this light source layer:
To each of a plurality of light sources of light source layer:
The high-order of definite one group of point spread function values and low order portion are to the contribution of effective luminance patterns respectively; And
Combination high-order and low order point spread function values produce effective luminance patterns data to the contribution of effective luminance patterns; And
Based on this effective luminance patterns data and view data, be identified for second motivation value of display layer at least in part;
One first interface is connected to light source layer, to apply first motivation value to light source layer; With
One second interface is connected to display layer, to apply second motivation value to display layer.
22. a method comprises the sub-portfolio of combination, step described herein and/or the behavior of any new, useful and step, behavior, step and/or behavior invention.
23. an equipment comprises the combination of any new, useful and characteristic, characteristic and/or device invention, or the sub-portfolio of characteristic described herein and/or device.
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