CN101262140B - Serial and parallel switching and charging method and charging device for lithium dynamic battery unit - Google Patents
Serial and parallel switching and charging method and charging device for lithium dynamic battery unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101262140B CN101262140B CN200810094407XA CN200810094407A CN101262140B CN 101262140 B CN101262140 B CN 101262140B CN 200810094407X A CN200810094407X A CN 200810094407XA CN 200810094407 A CN200810094407 A CN 200810094407A CN 101262140 B CN101262140 B CN 101262140B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an Li traction battery series parallel change-over charging method and a charging device. The charging device comprises a power main loop comprising a rectifier circuit, a DC filtering capacitor, a pre-charging circuit, a voltage sensor, a switch bridge circuit, a charging current sensor and a series parallel change-over switch, a control circuit board comprising a parallelbranch signal unit, a switch signal drive control unit, a coil signal circuit, a voltage current signal circuit, a control processor and a signal display unit, a serial charging circuit comprising afilter inductor, a filter capacitor and an output voltage sensor, and a parallel charging circuit comprising a primary coil, a feedback coil, an iron core, a plurality of secondary coils of a multi-winding transformer and a plurality of series parallel charging unit. The pre-charging, serial charging and parallel charging are carried out by the charging method according to a set pre-charging voltage value and an end voltage value. The method and the device provided by the invention reduce the cost and volume of charging devices, maintain the balance of charging capacity of every Li traction battery electrical core, ensure adequate protection and best working status for each battery unit and improve safety and service life cycle of Li traction battery.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charging method and charging device of lithium power battery pack of the motor vehicle field that comprises hybrid vehicle.
Two, background technology
Lithium power battery pack has extended cycle life owing to its energy density height, specific power are big, has caused the close attention in the electric automobile field that comprises hybrid vehicle.Increasing electric automobile begins to adopt lithium dynamical battery as power supply.Especially lithium ion and lithium polymer battery have in light weightly, and capacity is big, the characteristics that internal resistance is little, thereby be extensive use of.But it is easy to again damage, if not according to its charge characteristic, chargeable number of times will be had a greatly reduced quality, and will reduce greatly its useful life, so how charging is the current important topic that will solve to lithium power battery pack.
Voltage when the puncture voltage of the electrolyte of the single electric core of lithium power battery pack approaches it and is full of electricity, in charging process, when its voltage during near end voltage value (being generally 4.1-4.3V), observation that must be by carefulness and control be avoided any single electric core and cause overvoltage owing to overcharge.For the electric core of single lithium dynamical battery, it is easier to by the magnitude of voltage that its voltage of monitoring assurance is no more than its chemical the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge permission.Lithium power electricity core in the series connection lithium power battery pack then faces very complicated problems, because all there is certain inconsistency in each electric core electric weight, even therefore the voltage of whole lithium power battery pack is in the safe voltage scope, also may be because of the electric weight imbalance between each single electric core, certain electric core damages because of overvoltage and cause wherein.Therefore, when lithium power battery pack voltage is raised to the constant voltage charge set point, must monitors and control each electric core.
In general, cause electric core performance that the reason of two aspects is arranged unusually: the variation of internal resistance and because of aging off-capacity.In either case, if there is property abnormality in an electric core in the battery combination, when high-power charging, this electric core is overvoltage at first just.And voltage concussion significantly appears in the electric core of indivedual off-capacities or high internal resistance easily when discharging and recharging, and exists superpotential hidden danger.For the equipment that uses battery, people wish electric core balance and reach the maximum available of battery combination.But in charging process, when a unbalanced electric core may reach the end voltage value prematurely, and the triggering charger stops charging.So how keeping each lithium dynamical battery electricity core charging capacity balance is the subject matter that present lithium power battery pack will solve.
At present, charging has charged in parallel and two kinds of methods of serial connection charge to lithium power battery pack.In order to reduce cost, usually people adopt the method for serial connection charge, monitor total series voltage and be no more than total battery pack overpressure value, but that this method is easy to cause that the overvoltage charging of indivedual monomer lithium dynamical batteries and electric core charge is unbalanced, the useful life of reducing lithium power battery pack greatly.At present, in the lithium power battery pack serial connection charge process, two kinds of electric core capacitance balance methods are generally arranged: transfer method and consumption method.The electric core balance method of transfer method is that electric charge is transferred to the lower electric core of electric weight from the high electric core of electric weight.But for the more lithium power battery pack of electric core number, the required circuit of transfer method is very complicated and loaded down with trivial details, and its reliability is very low; Consumption rule is to find out the high electric core of electric weight in the combination earlier, bleeds off superfluous electric charge by an impedance means then and makes it consistent with the lower electric core of electric weight.Its problem also is to need a large amount of switching circuits, and consumed energy is bigger.
In order to satisfy the charge characteristic of single lithium dynamical battery as far as possible, each lithium battery electric core of lithium power battery pack is charged separately, promptly the charged in parallel method is a satisfactory method.Though the charging voltage of each monomer lithium dynamical battery of charged in parallel method is lower, but because its charging paths is many, the electric current of each charging paths is bigger, the total charging current of each branch road of charger is higher, the volume of charger is very big, so cost is quite high, make the charging device cost of lithium dynamical battery very high, be difficult to realize.
Three, summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art exactly, provide a kind of lithium power battery pack connection in series-parallel to switch charging method and charging device, use this method and apparatus to charge as lithium power battery pack, improve the fail safe of lithium power battery pack and recycled the life-span, charging cost is low, and the volume of charging device is little.
For finishing purpose of the present invention, charging method technical solution of the present invention is: charging method is switched in a kind of lithium power battery pack connection in series-parallel, and it may further comprise the steps:
(1), detects battery pack and the situation that is connected of charger and the magnitude of voltage of each battery battery core unit, if the insecure situation of generation connection then shows fault-signal; After confirming that connection is intact, judged whether that at first lithium dynamical battery electricity core unit voltage is lower than the pre-charge voltage value, if having, then begins this unit is carried out precharge; Precharge mode is a serial connection charge, and series current is controlled at the pre-charge current value; If no, directly enter step (2);
(2), after precharge finishes, detect in the battery battery core and have or not cell voltage to be higher than the end voltage value of battery; If have, then carry out charged in parallel; If no, then carry out serial connection charge, when serial connection charge, whether the voltage of monitoring each electric core has the end voltage of being higher than value, and when having an electric core voltage to arrive the end voltage value in the battery pack, serial connection charge finishes, and begins to carry out charged in parallel;
(3), when charged in parallel, monitor the magnitude of voltage and the current value of each battery battery core unit, guarantee that the battery battery core cell voltage is not higher than its end voltage value, and when charging current during less than trickle electric current end value, this battery battery core unit is full of.When all batteries electricity core all was full of, the charging of lithium power battery pack was finished;
In whole charging process, detect the temperature of lithium dynamical battery constantly, in case find that battery temperature is too high, then stop charging, and provide fault-signal.
Switch the charging device of charging method for realizing above-mentioned described lithium power battery pack connection in series-parallel: it comprises following four partial circuits:
Power supply major loop (1): comprise rectification circuit 11, dc filter capacitor and pre-charge circuit 12, voltage sensor 13 is by the switching bridge circuit 14 that switching circuit device and protection buffer loop thereof are formed, charging current transducer 15 and connection in series-parallel diverter switch 16; External power source is received on the input of rectification circuit 11, the output of rectification circuit 11 and dc filter capacitor and pre-charge circuit 12 positive and negative electrodes that form dc buss in parallel, and voltage sensor 13 is parallel on the positive and negative electrode of dc bus; The positive and negative electrode of the direct-flow input end of switching bridge circuit 14 is connected in parallel between the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus; Switching bridge circuit 14 is the hybrid switch full-bridge circuit of gate-controlled switch half-bridge circuit or gate-controlled switch full-bridge circuit or gate-controlled switch half-bridge and uncontrollable switch half-bridge composition; Be connected on the input of connection in series-parallel diverter switch 16 behind the one output serial connection charge current sensor 15 of switching bridge circuit 14, another output is connected on another input of connection in series-parallel diverter switch 16, connection in series-parallel diverter switch 16 is a dual input, the diverter switch of road output in pairs, it is made up of contactor, perhaps form or interlockable switch by interlockable circuit breaker, it need guarantee the interlocking of exporting, promptly whenever exporting to have a pair of output, guarantees the interlocking of charged in parallel and serial connection charge.
Control circuit board (2): comprise parallel branch signal element 21, switching signal driving control unit 22, coil signal circuit 23, voltage and current signal circuit 24, processor controls 25 and signal display unit 26; Wherein parallel branch signal element 21 comprises each battery battery core unit information circuit, and switching signal driving control unit 22 comprises that string fills circuit breaker commutation circuit and chopping signal drive circuit; Signal display unit 26 comprises the status display circuit of each battery pack and charging device and the communicating circuit that carries out communication with extraneous computer; The signal power source of control circuit board and drives power supply come from the positive and negative electrode of dc bus.
Each I/O of parallel branch signal element 21 connects each signal input output end of control information communicating circuit Um5 of each charged in parallel unit Um of charged in parallel circuit respectively, and its input/output terminal links to each other with the signal I/O in parallel of processor controls 25; The connection in series-parallel switching signal output of switching signal driving control unit 22 connects the signal input part of connection in series-parallel diverter switch 16, the signal that each signal drive output of its switching bridge contactor device connects each switching circuit device of switching bridge circuit 14 respectively drives input, and its input connects a signal output part of processor controls 25; The input of coil signal circuit 23 and 42 corresponding connections of feedback coil, an input of its output and processor controls 25 links to each other; Each signal input part of voltage and current signal circuit 24 connects the signal output part of voltage sensor 13, charging current transducer 15 and output voltage sensor 33 respectively, and its output is connected to the signal input part of processor controls 25; The I/O of signal and communication display unit 26 connects the communication interface of processor controls 25.
(3) serial connection charge circuit: comprise filter inductance 31, filter capacitor 32 and output voltage sensor 33; Behind the series connection output series filtering inductance 31 of connection in series-parallel diverter switch 16, behind filter capacitor 32 in parallel again and the output voltage sensor 33, finally insert the positive and negative input of the general supply of lithium power battery pack.
(4) charged in parallel circuit: comprise the primary coil 41 of multi winding transformer, feedback coil 42, iron core 43, independently secondary coil n1, n2, the n3 identical with the electric core unit number of lithium power battery pack ... n
n, secondary coil n1, n2, n3 ... n
nThe corresponding charged in parallel unit U1 that connects, U2, U3 ... Un; N represents the electric core unit number of lithium power battery pack; The output in parallel of connection in series-parallel diverter switch 16 connects two inputs of primary coil 41; Primary coil 41, feedback coil 42 and secondary coil n1, n2, n3 ... n
nBe wrapped in jointly on unshakable in one's determination 43, form transformer T, realize the switching of different high low-voltages; At each secondary coil n1, n2, n3 ... n
nOn be connected with a charged in parallel unit U1, U2, U3 ... Un carries out the independently control of voltage and charging current at each battery battery core unit;
Um represents U1, U2, U3 ... any charged in parallel unit among the Un, Nm represents n1, n2, n3 ... n
nIn any secondary coil, Em represents E1, E2, E3 ... any battery battery core among the En, the input of Um is the secondary coil Nm of multi winding transformer T, a battery battery core unit Em of its output connection lithium battery group just, negative pole, its inside comprises control single chip computer or control circuit Um1, the power unit Um2 of charged in parallel unit, the voltage and the temperature sampling circuit Um3 of single battery electricity core, the current detection circuit Um4 of charged in parallel unit carries out the control information communicating circuit Um5 that control information exchanges with the parallel branch signal element 21 on the control circuit board;
The signal power source output of the power unit Um2 of charged in parallel unit is received the power input of control single chip computer or control circuit Um1, the positive and negative electrode of the output termination battery battery core unit Em of its charge power supply, secondary coil Nm two ends connect the power input of the power unit Um2 of charged in parallel unit;
The voltage of single battery electricity core and the signal input part of temperature sampling circuit Um3 connect battery battery core unit E1, E2 ... Em voltage positive and negative electrode, its signal output part connect the voltage signal input of control single chip computer or control circuit Um1;
The current signal input of the current detection circuit Um4 of charged in parallel unit seals in the output of charged in parallel unit Um, and its signal output part is connected to the current signal input of control single chip computer or control circuit Um1;
The signal input output end of control information communicating circuit Um5 connects the communication port of control single chip computer or control circuit Um1, the I/O of the charged in parallel interface 21 of another input/output terminal communication terminal on optocoupler and control circuit board (2) is connected, the main signal that transmits has voltage and the temperature fault signal of battery battery core unit Em, the enable signal of charged state signal and charhing unit etc.
No matter charging device works in series connection or state in parallel for the voltage of above-mentioned described single battery electricity core and temperature sampling circuit Um3, it detects the voltage and the temperature of each lithium dynamical battery unit electricity core all the time, when voltage and temperature overrun, cut off the output of charging device during charged in parallel, Um1 issues parallel branch signal element 21 by control information communicating circuit Um5, carries out relevant voltage and temperature control by processor controls 25.
The present invention is integrated into serial connection charge and charged in parallel in the monomer charging device, at monitoring circuit, under the control of control circuit and commutation circuit, realized string well, the switching of charged in parallel, when the voltage of one of them cell electricity core of battery pack is lower than the pre-charge voltage value, connection in series-parallel diverter switch 16 promptly switches to the serial connection charge circuit, and Control current is in the pre-charge current value, after the voltage that does not have cell electricity core is lower than the pre-charge voltage value, then controls 16 switchings of connection in series-parallel diverter switch respectively and carry out serial connection charge or charged in parallel according to the requirement of end voltage value and trickle electric current end value.When the present invention carries out serial connection charge to battery pack, though charge power height, voltage is big, but take a branch road promptly to can be all single battery electricity core chargings of battery pack, its charging current is little, cost is low, when the present invention carries out charged in parallel to battery pack, the existing indivedual electric cores of lithium dynamical battery this moment enter the stage of charged in parallel, and perhaps certain battery battery core at first reaches the end voltage value, and the required charge power of lithium dynamical battery this moment is very little, each unit is carried out charge independence in parallel, though a way is more, required electric current is very little, and the cost of charger is not high.In a word, the present invention is under the situation of the charging requirement of the different phase charging of as far as possible satisfying single lithium dynamical battery, reduced the cost of charging device, dwindled the volume of its charging device greatly, especially to the charging device of big capacity lithium power battery pack, it is more remarkable that its cost and volume reduce ground.The balance that has kept each lithium dynamical battery electricity core charging capacity has guaranteed the adequately protecting and optimum working state of each battery unit improved the fail safe of lithium dynamical battery and recycled the life-span.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is the control flow schematic diagram of charging method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of charging device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the electrical block diagram of one of them charged in parallel unit in the charging device of the present invention;
Electrical block diagram when Fig. 4 works in the serial connection charge operating mode for charging device of the present invention;
Electrical block diagram when Fig. 5 works in the charged in parallel operating mode for charging device of the present invention.
Five, embodiment:
Charge control method as shown in Figure 1, it may further comprise the steps:
1, after start, after control section is finished startup self-detection, just begin to detect battery pack and the situation that is connected of charger and the magnitude of voltage of each battery battery core unit, if take place to connect insecure situation, then show fault-signal.After confirming that connection is intact, judged whether at first that then lithium dynamical battery electricity core unit voltage is lower than the pre-charge voltage value.If have, then begin this unit is carried out precharge.Precharge mode is a serial connection charge, and series current is controlled at the pre-charge current value; If no, directly enter step 2.2, after precharge finishes, have or not cell voltage to be higher than the end voltage value of battery in the detection battery battery core.If have, then connection in series-parallel diverter switch switches to the charged in parallel circuit; If no, then begin to carry out serial connection charge.When switching, adopt control automatically to switch and finish.Whether when serial connection charge, monitoring each electric core unit has the end voltage of being higher than value.When having a battery battery core voltage to arrive end value in the battery pack, serial connection charge finishes.The connection in series-parallel diverter switch switches to the charged in parallel circuit, enables each charged in parallel unit, begins to carry out charged in parallel.
3, when charged in parallel, monitor the magnitude of voltage and the current value of each battery battery core unit, guarantee that each battery battery core cell voltage is not higher than battery end voltage value, and when charging current during less than trickle electric current end value, this battery battery core unit is full of, and output is full of signal, when being full of signal and all being input to control section of all batteries, the charging of lithium power battery pack is finished, the output charging completion signal.In whole charging process, detect the temperature of lithium dynamical battery constantly, in case find that battery temperature is too high, then stop charging, and the output fault-signal.
Switch the charging device of charging method for realizing above-mentioned described lithium power battery pack connection in series-parallel: as shown in Figure 2; it comprises four partial circuits: power supply major loop (1): comprise rectification circuit 11; dc filter capacitor and pre-charge circuit 12; voltage sensor 13; delay switching bridge circuit 14, charging current transducer 15 and the connection in series-parallel transfer relay 16 that the loop is formed by switching circuit device and protection thereof.Control circuit board (2): comprise parallel branch signal element 21, switching signal driving control unit 22, coil signal circuit 23, voltage and current signal circuit 24, processor controls 25 and signal display unit 26.Serial connection charge circuit (3): comprise filter inductance 31, filter capacitor 32 and output voltage sensor 33.Charged in parallel circuit (4): comprise the primary coil 41 of multi winding transformer, feedback coil 42, iron core 43, independently secondary coil n1, n2, the n3 identical with the electric core unit number of lithium power battery pack ... n
n, secondary coil n1, n2, n3 ... n
nThe corresponding U1 that connects, U2, U3 ... Un charged in parallel unit; N represents the electric core unit number of lithium power battery pack.Primary coil 41, feedback coil 42 and n1, n2, n3 ... n
nSecondary coil is wrapped on unshakable in one's determination 43 jointly, forms transformer T.Nm represents n1, n2, n3 ... n
nIn any secondary coil, Um represents U1, U2, U3 ... any charged in parallel unit among the Un; Um charged in parallel unit comprises control single chip computer or control circuit Um1, the power unit Um2 of charged in parallel unit, the voltage and the temperature sampling circuit Um3 of single battery electricity core, the current detection circuit Um4 of charged in parallel unit carries out the control information communicating circuit Um5 that control information exchanges with the parallel branch signal element 21 on the control circuit board.
The concrete working method of connection in series-parallel switching charging device is as follows:
When being connected with charging device, the lithium battery group finishes, after starting working, power supply is through rectification circuit 11, dc filter capacitor and pre-charge circuit 12 chargings, control circuit board (2) is started working, each charged in parallel cell operation in this moment parallel branch signal element 21 and the charged in parallel circuit (4), monitor each battery battery core unit information, while voltage sensor 13, output voltage sensor 33 is gathered input supply voltage and assembled battery total voltage signal, each sensor signal is input to the voltage and current signal circuit 24 on the control circuit board, display unit 26 work simultaneously, the charging status information of output battery pack.The control method that processor controls 25 on the control circuit board (2) is switched according to connection in series-parallel in the charging method is determined the selection of series-parallel system.If there is battery unit to need precharge, then enter precharge; If satisfy the serial connection charge condition, then begin to carry out serial connection charge; If have battery cell voltage to arrive the end voltage value, then enter the process of charged in parallel.When selecting to carry out serial connection charge:
Working method as shown in Figure 4 at this moment, connection in series-parallel this moment transfer relay 16 switches to the series connection output, primary coil 41 in the charged in parallel circuit, feedback coil 42, the current detection circuit Um4 of charged in parallel unit does not work, has only the control section Um1 in each charged in parallel unit, the voltage of single battery electricity core and temperature sampling circuit Um3 and control information communicating circuit Um5 work, power supply is provided by the power unit Um2 of charged in parallel unit, and the power supply of the power unit Um2 of charged in parallel unit is provided by battery unit Em.Um1, Um3 and Um5 monitor information such as voltage on each electric core unit, temperature at any time, and information sends control circuit board (2) to simultaneously, and control circuit board (2) forbids that charged in parallel circuit (4) works in charged state.Serial connection charge circuit (3) work simultaneously.Voltage sensor 13 and output voltage sensor 33, voltage and current signal circuit 24 on the signal input control circuit plate (2) of charging current transducer 15, processor controls 25 on control circuit board obtains the desired magnitude of voltage of control constant current charge value by calculating, switching signal driving control unit 22 is sent each switching device that control signal is given switching bridge circuit 14 simultaneously, carry out chopping voltage control, to the lithium power battery pack constant current charge of connecting.The conducting duty ratio of the switching device by adjusting switching bridge circuit 14 is regulated total effective voltage of series battery, regulates the size of charging current.This moment, filter inductance 31 and filter capacitor 32 played the smothing filtering charging current.
Workflow during serial connection charge is desired according to switching mode, when entering serial connection charge, circuit working is in constant current charge, rising along with the battery battery core cell voltage, because the inconsistency of battery battery core, have indivedual electric core units and at first arrive battery end voltage value, after the voltage of the electric core of single battery this moment and temperature sampling circuit Um3 detect saturation information, by control information communicating circuit Um5 saturation information is sent to parallel branch signal element 21 on the control circuit board (2), characterize the end of serial connection charge.When selecting to carry out charged in parallel:
Working method as shown in Figure 5 at this moment.Connection in series-parallel transfer relay 16 switches to output in parallel, and filter inductance 31 and filter capacitor 32 in the serial connection charge circuit (3) are not worked.Electric current is by each switching device of switching bridge circuit 14, by the primary coil among the transformer T 41 and unshakable in one's determination 43, and each charged in parallel unit U1, U2 in charged in parallel circuit this moment (4) ... Un carries out the DC/DC conversion of many windings, independently carry out conversion such as lowering and stabilizing blood pressure respectively, to lithium dynamical battery unit E1, E2 ... Em charges.The parallel branch signal element 21 that the while battery information enters control circuit board (2) is analyzed.Then, show by signal display unit 26 again.At this moment, carry out total charging current monitoring by charging current transducer 15.When charged in parallel, the feedback coil 42 on the control board is gathered the voltage of primary coil 41 outputs, provides signal to processor controls 25 by the coil signal circuit 23 on the control circuit board (2).
Among each independent charged in parallel unit Um, the power unit Um2 control charging voltage of charged in parallel unit, make electric core Em be in pressure constant state all the time, when the voltage of the current detection circuit Um4 of charged in parallel unit and single battery electricity core and temperature sampling circuit Um3 detect the battery battery core unit and reach full state, when perhaps being in malfunction, sending to the parallel branch signal element 21 of control circuit board (2) and to be full of signal or fault-signal.Simultaneously constantly the enable signal of sending with control circuit board (2) etc. is consistent.Because the internal resistance and the capacity of each battery battery core unit are slightly different, so the output current instantaneous value of each charhing unit and output voltage instantaneous value are all inequality, have guaranteed being full of of each battery battery core unit.
In the electric core unit of each independent charged in parallel unit (with the Um representative), charging current descends gradually, electricity core voltage raises gradually, when charging current during less than trickle electric current end value, characterize this unit and finished charging, all saturation information is dealt into parallel branch signal element 21 on the control circuit board (2), characterizes the end of the charged in parallel of this electricity core by control information communicating circuit Um5.After the processor controls 25 on the charging end signal arrival control circuit board (2) of all unit, then whole charging processes finishes.Charging method and charging device with one group of concrete lithium power battery pack explains below:
One group of lithium power battery pack is made of the lithium dynamical battery unit of 60 30Ah.Each cells rated voltage is 3.6V, the voltage scope of application from 3.1V to 4.2V, total battery pack rated voltage 216V, the voltage scope of application is from 190V to 250V.During charging, detect the output signal of each unit earlier, if there is cell voltage to be lower than 2.3V, then each unit elder generation serial connection charge mode is carried out precharge, charging current is set between 500mA-1500mA.When cell voltage is higher than 2.3V, then improve charging current to the constant current charge value.
Serial connection charge power output 2KW, its maximum current is 15A, and output current is adjustable, and because it has saved transformer, and the filter capacitor value is less, and so volume is very little, and cost is low.When it charged to lithium power battery pack, its charging current can be set in 1-15A, generally was controlled at about 6A the control of constant current variable pulse width.When the voltage of certain lithium cells arrived the end voltage value of the string charging voltage upper limit, output signal arrived parallel branch signal element 21, and after keeping certain hour, string fills process to be finished.Control circuit board (2) will be controlled automatically and cut off serial connection charge circuit (3), and connection in series-parallel transfer relay 16 is switched to charged in parallel circuit (4).Charged in parallel circuit (4) is made up of 10 charging modules, and each module has 6 independently charge circuits, totally 60 charge independence unit, and the specified output 4.2V in each loop, maximum current 1.5A, about power 8W, the charge power of the about 50W of each module.The circuit of the maturation in this charge independence unit is very many, and its cost is low, and output loop is isolated convenient.The corresponding lithium dynamical battery unit of each charge circuit.Since this moment lithium battery electric weight serial connection charge filled major part, so the charge power of charged in parallel is very little, and can carry out different processing at the concrete condition of each unit.The charging current of each electrokinetic cell unit is during less than trickle electric current end value (this example is 0.2A), and then signal is finished in output.When all battery units were all exported charging completion signal, whole charging process finished.
Claims (5)
1. charging device is switched in a lithium power battery pack connection in series-parallel, and it is characterized in that: it comprises following four partial circuits:
Power supply major loop (1): comprise rectification circuit (11), dc filter capacitor and pre-charge circuit (12), voltage sensor (13) is by the switching bridge circuit (14) that switching circuit device and protection buffer loop thereof are formed, charging current transducer (15) and connection in series-parallel diverter switch (16); External power source is received on the input of rectification circuit (11), the positive and negative electrode of the output of rectification circuit (11) formation in parallel dc bus with dc filter capacitor and pre-charge circuit (12), and voltage sensor (13) is parallel on the positive and negative electrode of dc bus; The positive and negative electrode of the direct-flow input end of switching bridge circuit (14) is connected in parallel between the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus; Be connected on the input of connection in series-parallel diverter switch (16) behind the one output serial connection charge current sensor (15) of switching bridge circuit (14), another output is connected on another input of connection in series-parallel diverter switch (16);
Control circuit board (2): comprise parallel branch signal element (21), switching signal driving control unit (22), coil signal circuit (23), voltage and current signal circuit (24), processor controls (25) and signal display unit (26); Wherein parallel branch signal element (21) comprises each battery battery core unit information circuit, and switching signal driving control unit (22) comprises that string fills circuit breaker commutation circuit and chopping signal drive circuit; Signal display unit (26) comprises the status display circuit of each battery pack and charging device and the communicating circuit that carries out communication with extraneous computer; The signal power source of control circuit board (2) and drives power supply come from the positive and negative electrode of dc bus;
Each I/O of parallel branch signal element (21) connects each signal input output end of control information communicating circuit (Um5) of each charged in parallel unit Um of charged in parallel circuit respectively, and its input/output terminal links to each other with the signal I/O in parallel of processor controls (25); The connection in series-parallel switching signal output of switching signal driving control unit (22) connects the signal input part of connection in series-parallel diverter switch (16), the signal that each signal drive output of its switching bridge contactor device connects each switching circuit device of switching bridge circuit (14) respectively drives input, and its input connects a signal output part of processor controls (25); The input of coil signal circuit (23) is connected with feedback coil (42) is corresponding, and its output links to each other with an input of processor controls (25); Each signal input part of voltage and current signal circuit (24) connects the signal output part of voltage sensor (13), charging current transducer (15) and output voltage sensor (33) respectively, and its output is connected to the signal input part of processor controls (25); The I/O of signal and communication display unit (26) connects the communication interface of processor controls (25);
Serial connection charge circuit (3): comprise filter inductance (31), filter capacitor (32) and output voltage sensor (33); Behind the series connection output series filtering inductance (31) of connection in series-parallel diverter switch (16), behind filter capacitor in parallel again (32) and the output voltage sensor (33), finally insert the positive and negative input of the general supply of lithium power battery pack;
Charged in parallel circuit (4): the primary coil (41) that comprises multi winding transformer, feedback coil (42), (43) unshakable in one's determination, independently secondary coil n1, n2, the n3 identical with the electric core unit number of lithium power battery pack ... nn, secondary coil n1, n2, n3 ... the corresponding charged in parallel unit U1 that connects of nn, U2, U3 ... Un; N represents the electric core unit number of lithium power battery pack; The output in parallel of connection in series-parallel diverter switch (16) connects two inputs of primary coil (41); Primary coil (41), feedback coil (42) and secondary coil n1, n2, n3 ... nn is wrapped on the iron core (43) jointly, forms transformer T, realizes the switching of different high low-voltages; At each secondary coil n1, n2, n3 ... be connected with a charged in parallel unit U1 on the nn, U2, U3 ... Un carries out the independently control of voltage and charging current at each battery battery core unit;
Um represents any charged in parallel unit U1, U2, U3 ... Un, Nm represents any secondary coil n1, n2, n3 ... nn, Em represents any battery battery core F1, E2, E3 ... En, the input of Um is the secondary coil Nm of multi winding transformer T, a battery battery core unit Em of its output connection lithium battery group just, negative pole, its inside comprises control single chip computer or control circuit (Um1), the power unit of charged in parallel unit (Um2), the voltage and the temperature sampling circuit (Um3) of single battery electricity core, the current detection circuit of charged in parallel unit (Um4) carries out the control information communicating circuit (Um5) that control information exchanges with the parallel branch signal element (21) on the control circuit board;
The signal power source output of the power unit of charged in parallel unit (Um2) is received the power input of control single chip computer or control circuit (Um1), the positive and negative electrode of the output termination battery battery core unit Em of its charge power supply, secondary coil Nm two ends connect the power input of the power unit (Um2) of charged in parallel unit;
The voltage of single battery electricity core and the signal input part of temperature sampling circuit (Um3) connect battery battery core unit Em voltage positive and negative electrode, and its signal output part connects the voltage signal input of control single chip computer or control circuit (Um1);
The current signal input of the current detection circuit of charged in parallel unit (Um4) seals in the output of charged in parallel unit Um, and its signal output part is connected to the current signal input of control single chip computer or control circuit (Um1);
The signal input output end of control information communicating circuit (Um5) connects the communication port of control single chip computer or control circuit (Um1), the I/O of the charged in parallel interface (21) of another input/output terminal communication terminal on optocoupler and control circuit board (2) is connected, the main signal that transmits has voltage and the temperature fault signal of battery battery core unit Em, the enable signal of charged state signal and charhing unit.
2. charging device is switched in lithium power battery pack connection in series-parallel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described switching bridge circuit (14) is the hybrid switch full-bridge circuit of gate-controlled switch half-bridge circuit or gate-controlled switch full-bridge circuit or gate-controlled switch half-bridge and uncontrollable switch half-bridge composition.
3. switch charging device according to claim 1 or 2 described lithium power battery pack connection in series-parallel, it is characterized in that: described connection in series-parallel diverter switch (16) is a dual input, the diverter switch of road output in pairs, it is made up of contactor, perhaps form or interlockable switch by interlockable circuit breaker, it need guarantee the interlocking of exporting, and promptly whenever exporting to have a pair of output.
4. charging device is switched in lithium power battery pack connection in series-parallel according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: no matter charging device works in series connection or state in parallel for the voltage of described single battery electricity core and temperature sampling circuit (Um3), it detects the voltage and the temperature of each lithium dynamical battery unit electricity core all the time, when voltage and temperature overrun, cut off the output of charging device during charged in parallel, control single chip computer or control circuit (Um1) are issued parallel branch signal element (21) by control information communicating circuit (Um5), carry out relevant voltage and temperature control by processor controls (25).
5. switch charging device according to claim 1 or 2 described lithium power battery pack connection in series-parallel, it is characterized in that: no matter charging device works in series connection or state in parallel for the voltage of described single battery electricity core and temperature sampling circuit (Um3), it detects the voltage and the temperature of each lithium dynamical battery unit electricity core all the time, when voltage and temperature overrun, cut off the output of charging device during charged in parallel, control single chip computer or control circuit (Um1) are issued parallel branch signal element (21) by control information communicating circuit (Um5), carry out relevant voltage and temperature control by processor controls (25).
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