CN101258802A - Air suction type holt fruit harvesting device - Google Patents
Air suction type holt fruit harvesting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101258802A CN101258802A CNA2008100361004A CN200810036100A CN101258802A CN 101258802 A CN101258802 A CN 101258802A CN A2008100361004 A CNA2008100361004 A CN A2008100361004A CN 200810036100 A CN200810036100 A CN 200810036100A CN 101258802 A CN101258802 A CN 101258802A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an air suction picking device for picking small fruits of forestry plants, which is particularly applicable to picking fruits with a diameter less than 16 mm (a berry or a nut). The invention essentially comprises an engine, a draught fan or an air pump, an air suction type holding tank, a picking head and relevant mechanical transmission systems. The picking head comprises a mechanical picking work head and an air suction head, which cause a picked fruit to be sucked into the holding tank after being departed from a plant haulm or a branch by a mechanical structure. The air suction picking device of the invention has the advantages that: different mechanical fruit picking working heads are changed to combine into a plurality of fruit picking devices, the picking device with a set of air suction device achieves the picking and collecting of different small fruits according to the growing characteristics of small fruits. Besides, the picking device can not only be used for picking fresh fruits, but also be used for picking frozen fruits; namely, the picking device can be used for picking berries and nuts as well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to forestry plant holt fruit aspiration picker, be specially adapted to the harvesting of fruit diameter less than 16mm (berry or nut).
Background technology
Domestic economy woods fruit is of a great variety, is divided into soft fruits and nut fruits, the woods skill of soft fruits fruit harvesting require be: mellow fruit is plucked, and fruit is intact, and pericarp does not allow breakage, the fruit breakage rate should be controlled at≤10% scope within.At present, it is manually gathering that the little fruit of most of economic forest is gathered, and some holts really cluster on fruit branch, and adhesion-tight, and the adhesive force difference of the length of carpopodium and fruit is very big, makes some fruit harvestings very difficult.Differ as fruit maturation times such as sea-buckthorn, matrimony vine, wilson dogwood, Ou Li, fruit is different with the adhesive force between the carpopodium, and also there is very big-difference in the bearing capacity of pericarp, and is domestic also not at the special use of the above fruit type of gathering.Through some holt fruit operation being developed units understanding, during resulting cost was adjusted, it was to consume on fruit is gathered that considerable input is arranged, and the quantity that breakage, leakage are adopted is considerable.The soft fruits that some difficulties are adopted squeezes with branches and leaves, and the fruit beverage one of exploitation is that mouthfeel is poor, more than more than two procedures increased processing cost.
At present, air-sucking type fruitlet harvester is arranged both at home and abroad, its basic principle is dust catcher roughly the same, the applicant has been authorized a name to be called the utility model patent of " air-sucking type sea buckthorn fruit harvester " on May 25th, 2005 by State Intellectual Property Office, the patent No.: ZL200320127443.4, this machine structure is by power section, and the negative inspiratory pressure part is inhaled and plucked storage area and work transfer part.This machine is a power by the power transmission shaft of wheel tractor, via the two groove belt pulleys that connect with Cardan shaft from large to small after the speedup, driving two air pumps at a high speed rotates, pass through the middle negative pressure suction tube that connects respectively with the air inspiration in the aeration vessel case, get rid of after by the malleation blast pipe inhaled air being delivered to the muffler noise reduction simultaneously, at this moment, the aeration vessel case shows negative pressure state, its negative pressure is sucked and is replenished by will respectively gather air in the container tank of a plurality of negative pressure pipes again simultaneously, seal transmission with this, also will be in negative pressure state with the tank connected work suction pipe of the container of respectively gathering to suction nozzle, then Ci Shi suction nozzle can pick up fructus hippophae to take from branch and be sent in the container tank of gathering.The strong adhesion of a lot of holts fruits and cane or branch is not to adopt directly air-breathing method just can finish but in practice.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, proposes a kind of that aspiration equipment and mechanical picking equipment is integratedly, can be adapted to multiple inhomogeneity holt and really gather.
The object of the invention realizes being finished by following technical scheme:
The present invention mainly comprises engine, blower fan or air pump, air-sucking type collecting tank and picking head and relevant machine driven system composition, described picking head comprises mechanical picking working head and suction head, makes that being plucked fruit sucks collecting box by suction head after mechanical mechanism and plant stem or branch break away from; Described engine adopts put-put; Described machine driven system is that the bent axle by miniature gasoline engine is connected with the constructional device of mechanical picking working head with being connected with blower fan apparatus and is divided into two branch roads systems, and one the tunnel is delivered to the mechanical picking working head via flexible axle, clutch, belt pulley, flexible axle, worm and gear double reduction; Another road makes mechanical picking working head and aspiration head synthesize and plucks the aspiration equipment via blower fan, aspiration pipe, aspiration collecting tank, blast pipe.
Advantage of the present invention is that the fruit growth characteristic of the different holts fruits of foundation by a cover soaking gas equipment, is changed different mechanical picking fruit working heads, is combined into multiple fruit harvesting device, finishes harvesting and collection to different holts fruits.The fresh fruit of can not only gathering can also be gathered and be frozen fruit; The berry of promptly can the gathering nut of also can gathering.In addition,, can change transmission speed, thereby change the aspiration amount of blower fan by regulating the throttle of miniature gasoline engine.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is complete machine apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the working head structure front view of gathering of fructus hippophae in the accompanying drawing 1;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the left view of accompanying drawing 2;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the working head structure front view of gathering of FRUCTUS LYCII in the accompanying drawing 1;
Accompanying drawing 5 is the left view of accompanying drawing 4.
Embodiment
Feature of the present invention and correlated characteristic thereof are described further by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Show the label 1-working head among the figure, 2-suction nozzle hose, 3, the 8-flexible axle, 4-air-sucking type collecting tank, 5-belt drive unit, 6-clutch, 7-air blower tube, 9-engine, blower fan assembly, 10-frame as accompanying drawing 1～5.
The present invention mainly comprise engine blower fan or air pump 9,, air-sucking type collecting tank 4 and picking head and relevant machine driven system forms, described picking head comprises mechanical picking working head and suction head, makes that being plucked fruit is transported to collecting box 4 by suction head 2 suctions after mechanical mechanism and plant stem or branch break away from; Described engine adopts put-put; Described machine driven system is that the bent axle by miniature gasoline engine is connected with the constructional device of mechanical picking working head with being connected with blower fan apparatus and is divided into two branch roads systems, and one the tunnel is delivered to mechanical picking working head 1 via flexible axle 8, clutch 6, belt pulley 5, flexible axle 3, worm and gear double reduction; Another road makes mechanical picking working head 1 and aspiration head 2 synthesize and plucks the aspiration equipment via blower fan 9, suction nozzle hose 2, aspiration collecting tank 4, blast pipe.
Further specify:
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: this aspiration holt fruit gathering machine is suitable for collecting the different types of holt fruit of forest economy woods, it connects and rotating manner is: by the power resources of miniature gasoline engine as soaking gas equipment and harvesting working head, bent axle by miniature gasoline engine is connected with being connected with blower fan apparatus with the constructional device of plucking working head and is divided into two branch roads, and one the tunnel is delivered to the harvesting working head via flexible axle, clutch, belt pulley, flexible axle, worm and gear double reduction; Another road is via blower fan, aspiration pipe, aspiration collecting tank, blast pipe; Final harvesting working head and aspiration pipe synthesize a cover and pluck the aspiration equipment.When put-put was worked at idling mode, centrifugal clutch was in released state; Transferring power not; When engine machine rotating speed reached the clutch working speed, clutch began in conjunction with external outputting power, after driving worm-and-wheel gear and carry out double reduction by one-level belt deceleration flexible axle, drove the working head work of plucking.Plucking working head send the formula air delivery pipe to be connected with suction.Meanwhile when engine was worked under declared working condition, blower fan was also worked under declared working condition.Air-sucking type blower structure is really inhaled the holt after plucking and is delivered to separator and carry out the gas thing and separate, and fruit is stayed in the expansion chamber after separating, and air-flow is discharged through the blower fan exhaust duct, thereby realizes the collection to fruit.
As during the sea buckthorn fruit of gathering (berry), adhesive force is greater than 150 grams, and fruit difficult drop-off, pluck working head and adopt dialing spring flexible steel wire structure, this structure is made into a shape pattern with flexible steel wire according to the harvesting adhesive force of fructus hippophae and is fixed on and plucks on the driving lever, select both flexibles of flexible steel wire material, can do suitable distortion with the thickness of branch, also to there be certain stiffness to make two door shape flexible steel wires paste branch all the time, so promptly can pluck fruit, and not damaging pericarp, the fructus hippophae after the harvesting does not block up, and has reduced the fruit breakage rate.Plucking fructus hippophae is to pluck (every clump of 3-7 grain fructus hippophae) with a Xiao Cong.Flexible dialing spring is close on the sea-buckthorn branch during work, when two flexible dialing spring reverse rotations, the flexure spring silk is pasting the sea-buckthorn branch and is travelling forward, and the carpopodium root from fructus hippophae when running into the Xiao Cong fructus hippophae is plucked its sea buckthorn fruit under the composite force effect of (forward with making a concerted effort of making progress).Accompanying drawing 2;
When gathering Chinese wolfberry fruit (berry), mellow fruit adhesive force 30-40 gram has mellow fruit that crude fruit is also arranged on the matrimony vine branch, optionally plucks, and the mellow fruit (redness) that only allows to gather, crude fruit (green) are treated to pluck after the maturation again; Pluck working head and adopt rain brush flexible rubber chip architecture; The employed rain brush flexible rubber of this structure sheet is selected by repetition test, make and select soft flexible rubber sheet, in rotary movement, be greater than Chinese wolfberry fruit adhesive force, and be less than the pericarp bearing capacity of Chinese wolfberry fruit, to be fixed on the harvesting swingle with flat fillister head screw in the middle of the doubling of a slice rectangle soft rubber sheet, two front ends are cut into the trapezoidal pattern of rule up and down.When plucking ripe FRUCTUS LYCII, when two sheet rubber reverse rotations, impact FRUCTUS LYCII by a pair of sheet rubber it is come off on branch, because of the damaged power of soft rubber sheet impact force less than the matrimony vine pericarp, so FRUCTUS LYCII can be plucked and not damaged fruit branch and the work of harvesting parallel motion.Accompanying drawing 3;
When gathering Europe Lee, wilson dogwood, ansu apricot fruit, pluck working head and adopt the composite and flexible chip architecture.This structure will adopt different flexible materials, according to fruit type, the adhesive force plucked, form the composite and flexible chip architecture, can turn clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise, this structure is primarily aimed at that nut fruits is plucked and design, in rectangle flexible rubber sheet, imbed flexible steel wire, be fixed on the rotation picking lever.Like this, really change its work picking head structure, just can finish the harvesting of fruit footpath less than the holt fruit of 16mm according to different holts, more than all holt fruits after plucking collect in the aspiration collecting tank by a cover soaking gas equipment.
Each parts of complete machine of the present invention have steel part, plastics, according to the difference of holt fruit-bearing forest ground land occupation condition, can use the single or double operation of complete machine, and complete machine structure is simple, and is easy to operate, safely, reliably, for ease of maintenaince.Wherein, the power rotational velocity range is n=5000 rev/min, and one-level belt deceleration rotational velocity range is n=2800 rev/min, and second-stage worm gear worm speed-down rotational velocity range is n=200 rev/min, and is simple in structure, light and handy.
Working head topology layout: start miniature gasoline engine, blower fan assembly 9, blower fan axle head flexible axle mechanism drives flexible axle 8 with the speed rotation, and then drive clutch 6, slow down 5 by the pulley apparatus one-level, be sent to worm and gear through flexible axle 3 and carry out double reduction, finish harvesting (Fig. 2,3) woodss such as different forestry fruits such as sea-buckthorn, matrimony vine, Europe Lee, ansu apricot, wilson dogwood, cowberry, arrow-leaved oleaster fruit to working head 1.
Start miniature gasoline engine, blower fan assembly 9, to fruit collecting box 4, be connected with working head 1, the different little fruits after the working head harvesting are collected fruit collecting box (Fig. 1,2,3) by suction nozzle hose 2 through air blower tube 7.
Its preferred type is:
Power resources---put-put, blower fan assembly
Type of belt drive---flexible axle, worm and gear, belt dressing
Equipment---aspiration combined type mechanically
Performance parameter is:
The blower fan work range of speeds: n=5000 rev/min
Aspiration flow: Q=0.184m
3/ s
Aspiration wind speed: V=41m/s
Inlet air flow negative pressure value :-110mmH
2O
Type overall dimensions: 900mm * 700mm * 1080mm
Complete machine weight: W=65 kilogram
Work picking head: flexible dialing spring device 1--2
Though below design and embodiment according to the object of the invention have been done to elaborate with reference to accompanying drawing; but those of ordinary skills can recognize; under the precondition that does not break away from the claim limited range; still can make various improvement and conversion to the present invention, and this improvement and conversion still should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of air suction type holt fruit harvesting device, mainly comprise engine, blower fan or air pump, air-sucking type collecting tank and picking head and relevant machine driven system composition, it is characterized in that, described picking head comprises mechanical picking working head (1) and suction head (2), makes that being plucked fruit is transported to collecting box (4) by suction head (2) suction after mechanical mechanism and plant stem or branch break away from.
2, a kind of air suction type holt fruit harvesting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described engine adopts put-put (9).
3, a kind of air suction type holt fruit harvesting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described machine driven system is that the bent axle by miniature gasoline engine is connected with the constructional device of mechanical picking working head with being connected with blower fan apparatus and is divided into two branch roads systems, and one the tunnel is delivered to mechanical picking working head (1) via flexible axle (8), clutch (6), belt pulley (5), flexible axle (3), worm and gear double reduction; Another road makes mechanical picking working head (1) and aspiration head (2) synthesize and plucks the aspiration equipment via blower fan (9), aspiration pipe (2), aspiration collecting tank (4), blast pipe.
4, a kind of air suction type holt fruit harvesting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described mechanical picking working head adopts dialing spring flexible steel wire structure.
5, a kind of air suction type holt fruit harvesting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described mechanical picking working head adopts rain brush flexible rubber chip architecture.
6, a kind of air suction type holt fruit harvesting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described mechanical picking working head adopts the composite and flexible chip architecture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100361004A CN101258802A (en) | 2008-04-16 | 2008-04-16 | Air suction type holt fruit harvesting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100361004A CN101258802A (en) | 2008-04-16 | 2008-04-16 | Air suction type holt fruit harvesting device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101258802A true CN101258802A (en) | 2008-09-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100361004A Pending CN101258802A (en) | 2008-04-16 | 2008-04-16 | Air suction type holt fruit harvesting device |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102804973A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-05 | 刘宇炫 | Pepper picking machine |
| CN103155760A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-19 | 郭清辉 | Guiding and pushing type honeysuckle picking machine |
| CN103224051A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-07-31 | 衢州乐创节能科技有限公司 | Inhalation type orange sorting and packaging machine |
| CN103329681A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2013-10-02 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Holt fruit harvest device |
| CN103733812A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Air-aspiration type sea buckthorn fruit picking device |
| CN103782723A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-14 | 山东理工大学 | Air suction comb brushing type winter jujube picking and cleaning harvester |
| CN104081935A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-08 | 山西农业大学 | Pepper harvester |
| CN107690969A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-02-16 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of aspirated-air type apple harvests robot |
| CN109287265A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-01 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of aspiration curries formula fructus lycii and cleans picking machine |
-
2008
- 2008-04-16 CN CNA2008100361004A patent/CN101258802A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102804973A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-05 | 刘宇炫 | Pepper picking machine |
| CN103155760A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-19 | 郭清辉 | Guiding and pushing type honeysuckle picking machine |
| CN103155760B (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2015-03-11 | 郭清辉 | Guiding and pushing type honeysuckle picking machine |
| CN103224051B (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-09-03 | 衢州乐创节能科技有限公司 | Inhalation type orange sorting and packaging machine |
| CN103224051A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-07-31 | 衢州乐创节能科技有限公司 | Inhalation type orange sorting and packaging machine |
| CN103329681A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2013-10-02 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Holt fruit harvest device |
| CN103329681B (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-05-13 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Holt fruit harvest device |
| CN103733812A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Air-aspiration type sea buckthorn fruit picking device |
| CN103782723A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-14 | 山东理工大学 | Air suction comb brushing type winter jujube picking and cleaning harvester |
| CN103782723B (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2016-01-20 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of aspiration curries the jujube harvesting of formula winter and cleans reaping machine |
| CN104081935A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-08 | 山西农业大学 | Pepper harvester |
| CN104081935B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-01-13 | 山西农业大学 | Chinese prickly ash reaping machine |
| CN109287265A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-01 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of aspiration curries formula fructus lycii and cleans picking machine |
| CN107690969A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-02-16 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of aspirated-air type apple harvests robot |
| CN107690969B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2023-07-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | Air suction type apple harvesting robot |
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Open date: 20080910 |