CN101254888A - Mobile lift crane with variable position counterweight - Google Patents
Mobile lift crane with variable position counterweight Download PDFInfo
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- CN101254888A CN101254888A CNA2007101929852A CN200710192985A CN101254888A CN 101254888 A CN101254888 A CN 101254888A CN A2007101929852 A CNA2007101929852 A CN A2007101929852A CN 200710192985 A CN200710192985 A CN 200710192985A CN 101254888 A CN101254888 A CN 101254888A
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- counterbalanced weight
- turntable
- mast
- crane
- mobile lift
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
- B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
- B66C23/76—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib and movable to take account of variations of load or of variations of length of jib
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/88—Safety gear
- B66C23/90—Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/20—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes with supporting couples provided by walls of buildings or like structures
- B66C23/24—Mobile wall cranes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
A mobile lift crane includes a carbody having moveable ground engaging members; a rotating bed rotatably connected to the carbody such that the rotating bed can swing with respect to the ground engaging members; a boom pivotally mounted on a front portion of the rotating bed; a mast mounted at its first end on the rotating bed; a backhitch connected between the mast and a rear portion of the rotating bed; a moveable counterweight unit; at least one hydraulic cylinder; and at least one arm pivotally connected at a first end to the rotating bed and at a second end to the hydraulic cylinder; The arm and hydraulic cylinder are connected between the rotating bed and the counterweight unit such that extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder changes the position of the counterweight unit compared to the rotating bed. In one method of operation, the counterweight is positioned forward of a point directly below the top of the mast when no load is on a load hoist line suspended from the boom; and positioned reward of the top of the mast when the hoist line supports a load; and the moveable counterweight is never supported by the ground during crane pick, move and set operations other than indirectly by the ground engaging members on the carbody; In another method the crane is used to perform a pick, move and set operation with a load wherein the moveable counterweight is moved toward and away from the front portion of the rotating bed by extending and retracting the hydraulic cylinder during the pick, move and set operation to help counterbalance the load, but the counterweight is never supported by the ground other than indirectly by the ground engaging members on the carbody.
Description
Related application
[0001] the application requires to enjoy the preceence that the sequence number that is subjected to U.S.C.35 § 119 (e) protection, submits on October 27th, 2006 is 60/863265 U.S. Provisional Patent Application, at this in conjunction with the full content of above-mentioned application as a reference.
Technical field
[0002] the application relates to and upgrades heavy-duty machine, relates in particular to mobile lift crane, and it has and is movable to the counterbalanced weight of diverse location with the load on the balance crane.
Background technology
[0003] upgrades heavy-duty machine and generally include the counterbalanced weight that is used for when the crane lifting load, helping balance crane.Sometimes, great being caused in car body of balance that is positioned at the hoisting crane rear also is provided with the counterbalanced weight that is used for preventing its hypsokinesis when not promoting load.And, additional weight-balancing device, counterbalanced weight trailer for example, thus be used for the lifting performance that hoisting crane further improves mobile lift crane sometimes.Since load usually relatively hoisting crane the centre of gration shift-in and shift out, and thereby run through the picking up of hoisting crane, move with the whole process of placing operation in produce different motions, therefore, if the counterbalanced weight that comprises any additional weight-balancing device also relatively the centre of gration of hoisting crane move forward and backward, will be favourable.With such method, compare with the quantity that required balance under the situation that must be maintained fixed distance is heavy, can use the counterbalanced weight of lesser amt.
[0004] because hoisting crane need be removable, any additional weight-balancing device also must be removable.Yet when on the suspension hook when non-loaded, regular practice is that these additional counterbalanceds weight and main hoisting crane are remotely supported on the ground; Otherwise they make generation the moment of hoisting crane hypsokinesis.Therefore, if hoisting crane need move under non-loaded situation on the suspension hook, additional weight-balancing device also must be able to move along ground.This means that ground must be cleared up in advance, and in position place timber usually, for additional counterbalanced weight unit swing or mobile.
[0005] above-described representative instance is the Terex DemagCC8800 hoisting crane with super bont.This hoisting crane comprises 100 tonnes car body counterbalanced weight, 280 tonnes hoisting crane counterbalanced weight and 640 tonnes additional weight-balancing device, amounts to 1020 tonnes counterbalanced weight.Additional weight-balancing device can and shift out by the telescoping mechanism shift-in.The maximum rated load of this hoisting crane is 23500 tonnes.Therefore, the ratio of maximum rated load and counterbalanced weight total weight only is 23.04.
[0006],, just must transport described counterbalanced weight as long as take down a crane and move to new work place although this counterbalanced weight makes and promotes heavy duty and become possibility.Consider the restriction of U.S.'s express highway, need to use the counterbalanced weight of 300 tonnes of 15 transported on trucks.Therefore, need be further improved, so that available still less total hoisting crane counterbalanced weight promotes same big load to mobile lift crane.
Summary of the invention
[0007] invented a kind of movable crane and method of operation thereof, its employed overall balance tuple amount reduces, but compares with the hoisting crane that uses the larger amt overall balance to weigh, and described hoisting crane is still removable and can promote load.In first aspect, a kind of movable crane of the present invention, it comprises having the movably car body of ground engagement parts; Thereby be rotationally coupled to the turntable of face connecting part spare swing relatively on the car body; Be installed in the cantilever of turntable front portion pivotally; Be installed in mast on the turntable with its first end; Be connected the back jib between the rear portion of mast and turntable; Removable counterbalanced weight unit; At least one hydraulic ram; And at least one arm, described arm is connected on the turntable, connects hydraulic ram with its second end with its first end pivotally.Described arm and hydraulic ram are connected between turntable and the counterbalanced weight unit, thereby the flexible position of the relative turntable in counterbalanced weight unit that makes of hydraulic ram changes.
[0008] in second aspect, a kind of movable crane of the present invention, it comprises having the movably car body of ground engagement parts; Thereby be rotationally coupled to the turntable of face connecting part spare swing relatively on the car body; Be installed in the cantilever of turntable front portion pivotally; Relatively the plane of revolution of turntable becomes fixed angle ground to be installed in mast on the turntable with its first end; By being connected that tension part on mast second end dangles and under removable counterbalanced weight unit; And the counterbalanced weight moving structure, it is connected between turntable and the counterbalanced weight unit, so that the counterbalanced weight unit is removable and remain on the position before the mast top and move and remain on position after the mast top.
[0009] in the third aspect, a kind of movable crane of the present invention, it comprises having the movably car body of ground engagement parts; Thereby be rotationally coupled to the turntable of face connecting part spare swing relatively on the car body around S. A.; Be installed in the cantilever of turntable front portion pivotally; Be installed in mast on the turntable with its first end; By being connected that tension part on mast second end dangles and under removable counterbalanced weight unit; And the counterbalanced weight moving structure, it is connected between turntable and the counterbalanced weight unit, so that the counterbalanced weight unit is removable and remain on anterior position and rear position; Wherein, described hoisting crane has at least 250 tonnes counterbalanced weight total amount and the maximum rated load moment of 6250 tonnes-Mi, and the ratio of its maximum rated load moment and the total weight of all counterbalanceds weight is at least 25.
[0010] a fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of method of operating movable crane.Described hoisting crane comprises having the movably car body of ground engagement parts; Thereby be rotationally coupled to the turntable of face connecting part spare swing relatively on the car body; Be installed in the cantilever of turntable front portion pivotally, ropes is extended by it; Be installed in mast on the turntable with its first end; And removable counterbalanced weight unit.Described method comprises when making when non-loaded counterbalanced weight be positioned at the step in the place ahead of a point under the mast top on the suspension hook; And when having load, the ropes upper support make counterbalanced weight be positioned at the step at mast top rear; Wherein, the picking up of hoisting crane, move and place in the operating process, removable counterbalanced weight is from can't help ground supports, but is supported on the car body indirectly by the ground engagement parts.
[0011] aspect the 5th, the present invention relates to a kind of method of operating movable crane.Described hoisting crane comprises having the movably car body of ground engagement parts; Thereby be rotationally coupled to the turntable of face connecting part spare swing relatively on the car body; Be installed in the cantilever of turntable front portion pivotally, ropes is extended by it; Be installed in mast on the turntable with its first end; At least one hydraulic ram; And removable counterbalanced weight unit.Described method comprises carries out the step of picking up, moving and placing load, wherein by in the process of picking up, moving and placing operation, making hydraulic ram flexible, removable counterbalanced weight is shifted near or away from turntable, to help balanced load, but therein, the counterbalanced weight unit is from can't help ground supports, but is supported on the car body indirectly by the ground engagement parts.
[0012] in an embodiment who upgrades heavy-duty machine of the present invention, independent big counterbalanced weight can be positioned on the forefront, thereby when on the suspension hook when non-loaded, it produces minimum moment backward to hoisting crane.Therefore, car body does not need the outer counterbalanced weight of plus thereon.This big counterbalanced weight can be positioned on the forefront, thereby, but the load of its counterbalanced weight.Like this, 700 tons counterbalanced weight can be used as the unique counterbalanced weight on the hoisting crane, and hoisting crane still can promote the cooresponding load of load that is promoted with Terex Demag CC8800, and the latter has 1020 tonnes counterbalanced weight.Another advantage of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is, when hoisting crane when placing load, counterbalanced weight needn't be placed on the ground.Do not re-use the extra counterbalanced weight unit that needs trailer, and, do not exist and must do the restriction that prepare on ground for this kind trailer.
[0013] in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, be more readily understood the present invention above-mentioned with other advantage, and the present invention itself.
Description of drawings
[0014] Fig. 1 is the lateral plan of movable crane first embodiment with counterbalanced weight of position changeable, and counterbalanced weight shown in it is positioned at the position, forefront.
[0015] Fig. 2 is the lateral plan of movable crane shown in Figure 1, and counterbalanced weight is positioned at midway location.
[0016] Fig. 3 is the lateral plan of movable crane shown in Figure 1, and counterbalanced weight is positioned at last location.
[0017] Fig. 4 is the partial top view of hoisting crane shown in Figure 1, and counterbalanced weight is positioned at last location.
[0018] Fig. 5 is the local rear view (RV) of hoisting crane shown in Figure 1.
[0019] Fig. 6 is the lateral plan of movable crane second embodiment of the present invention, wherein is shown in broken lines the counterbalanced weight that is positioned at diverse location.
[0020] Fig. 7 is the lateral plan of movable crane the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, wherein is shown in broken lines the counterbalanced weight that is positioned at diverse location.
[0021] Fig. 8 is the lateral plan of movable crane the 4th embodiment of the present invention, wherein is shown in broken lines the counterbalanced weight that is positioned at diverse location.
[0022] Fig. 9 is the lateral plan of movable crane the 5th embodiment of the present invention, wherein is shown in broken lines the counterbalanced weight that is positioned at diverse location.
[0023] Figure 10 is the lateral plan of movable crane the 6th embodiment of the present invention, wherein is shown in broken lines the counterbalanced weight that is positioned at diverse location.
[0024] Figure 11 is the local rear view (RV) of hoisting crane shown in Figure 10.
[0025] Figure 12 is the section drawing that the line 12-12 along Figure 11 obtains.
[0026] Figure 13 is the section drawing that the line 13-13 along Figure 11 obtains.
[0027] Figure 14 is the section drawing that the line 14-14 along Figure 11 obtains.
The specific embodiment
[0028] following detailed description the present invention.In following paragraph, define different aspect of the present invention in more detail.So the each side that limits can with any other aspect or many aspects combination, unless spell out not capable of being combined.Especially, be considered to preferred or favourable any feature and can one or morely be considered to preferred or favourable characteristics combination with other.
[0029] employed indivedual terms have implication as giving a definition in specification sheets and the claim.
[0030] front portion of turntable be defined as turntable when promoting load in the S. A. of turntable and the part between the load.The rear portion of turntable comprises all parts relative with S. A. beyond the turntable front portion.Be used for representing other parts of turntable or be attached thereto, for example be that the term " front portion " of the part of mast and " rear portion " (or for example being its modification at " rear ") draw by this same context, and relatively the actual position of face connecting part spare is irrelevant with turntable.
[0031] location definition of counterbalanced weight unit is for all counterbalanced weight assemblies and any counterbalanced weight is attached thereto or the center of gravity of the combination of the weight tray that together moves with it.Be positioned at all counterbalanced weight unit on the hoisting crane and tie up together, it is considered as an independent counterbalanced weight, so that determine its center of gravity to move simultaneously.
[0032] top of mast is defined as the distal-most position that is positioned on the mast, and any rope that is supported by described mast or tension part are dangled by it and descend.If do not have rope or tension part to dangle and descend from mast, so, the top of mast is exactly the position that any back jib is attached thereto.
[0033] movably the ground engagement parts are defined as and are provided at hoisting crane when move on ground and the ingear parts of ground, for example tire or crawler belt, but do not comprise and be provided for the static parts in relative ground, or when it moves by parts from promoting with the ground state of contact, for example be positioned at the ring on the ring support.
[0034] vocabulary " moves " and be meant the ground-surface relatively motion of hoisting crane when the operation that is used to represent hoisting crane.This can be that hoisting crane passes through the move operation that its ground engagement parts pass through certain distance on the ground, or the swinging operation of turntable relative ground rotation, or the combination of mobile and swinging operation.
[0035] six embodiment of the present invention has been shown in the accompanying drawing.In first embodiment, shown in Fig. 1-5, mobile lift crane 10 comprises the bottom parts that are also referred to as car body 12, and the movable ground attachment of shape such as crawler belt 14 and 16.(be provided with crawler belt 16 behind two preceding crawler belts 14 and two certainly, in the lateral plan of Fig. 1, only can see one of them of each crawler belt.Another set of crawler belt in the top view of Fig. 4 as seen.) (for clarity sake, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 simplify, not shown cantilever, mast and back jib.) in hoisting crane 10, the ground engagement parts may only have a cover crawler belt, on one side one.Certainly those except illustrating also can use other crawler belt or other for example is the ground engagement parts of tire.
[0036] turntable 20 is connected rotationally with car body 12, thus turntable face connecting part spare swing relatively.Turntable 20 is installed on the car body 12 by pivoted loop, and like this, turntable 20 relatively face connecting part spare 14,16 is swung around axle.Turntable 20 is supporting the cantilever 22 that is installed in the turntable front portion pivotally; Be installed in mast 28 on the turntable with its first end; Be connected the back jib 30 between the rear portion of mast and turntable; And removable counterbalanced weight unit with the counterbalanced weight 34 that is positioned on the support component 33.Counterbalanced weight can be piled up on support component 33 by a plurality of independent counterbalanced weight assemblies and form, as shown in Figure 5.
[0037] lifting of the cantilever between mast 28 tops and cantilever 22 rigging 25 is used to control boom angle and traveling load, so that counterbalanced weight can be used for the load that balance crane promotes.Ropes 24 is extended from cantilever 22, is supporting suspension hook 26.Turntable 20 also can comprise other elements that are common on the mobile lift crane, for example operator's operator's compartment and be used for rigging 25 and the winch of ropes 24.If desired, cantilever 22 can comprise the luffing jib that is installed in the main boom top rotationally, perhaps other cantilever design.The abuts of back jib 30 and mast 28.Back jib 30 can comprise the truss components that is provided for bearing pressure and tension load, as shown in Figure 1.In hoisting crane 10, mast hoisting crane for example be pick up, move with the operating process of placing in relative turntable support with fixed angle.
[0038] bearing of the relative turntable 20 in counterbalanced weight unit is removable.Supporting the counterbalanced weight unit with the tension part 32 of mast top adjacency in the mode that hangs.The counterbalanced weight moving structure is connected between turntable and the counterbalanced weight unit, so that the counterbalanced weight unit is movable to the primary importance in mast top the place ahead and remains there, and moves to the second place at mast top rear and remains there.Use at least one hydraulic ram 38 and at least one arm in the counterbalanced weight moving structure of hoisting crane 10, in order to change the position of counterbalanced weight, wherein said arm is connected on the turntable, connects hydraulic ram with its second end with its first end pivotally.Described arm and hydraulic ram 38 are connected between turntable and the counterbalanced weight unit, thereby the flexible position of the relative turntable in counterbalanced weight unit that makes of hydraulic ram changes.
[0039] in hoisting crane 10, described at least one arm preferably includes pivot bracket 40 and postbrachium 36.(with crawler belt in the same manner, postbrachium 36 actual left part spare and the right members (Figure 4 and 5) of comprising can only be seen separately one of them in Fig. 1, and hydraulic ram comprises the oil cylinders that two series connection are moved.Yet for the sake of simplicity, following discussion only relates to an oil cylinder 38 and an arm 36.) pivot bracket 40 is connected between turntable 20 and the hydraulic ram 38, postbrachium 36 is connected between pivot bracket 40 and the counterbalanced weight unit.Pivot 37 is used to connect postbrachium 36 and pivot bracket 40.Hydraulic ram 38 is connected on the turntable 20 rotationally by support 42, and described support is used for hydraulic ram 38 is promoted to a certain position, and in this position, the geometric configuration of oil cylinder 38, pivot bracket 40 and postbrachium 36 can make counterbalanced weight move in its whole moving range.Oil cylinder 38 makes the heavy unit of postbrachium 36 shifting balances in this way when oil cylinder is withdrawn and stretched out.
[0040] Fig. 1 shows the counterbalanced weight unit that is positioned at its position, forefront, and Fig. 2 then shows the hydraulic ram 38 that part is stretched out, and described hydraulic ram is for example dangled and following time by suspension hook 26 in first load 29, makes the counterbalanced weight single element move to midway location.Fig. 3 and 4 shows the oil cylinder 38 that stretches out fully, and described oil cylinder is for example dangled by suspension hook and down or cantilever rotates forward so that load further away from each other during turntable, makes the counterbalanced weight single element move to last location in bigger load 31.Like this, in the method for operation of hoisting crane 10, when on the ropes when non-loaded, counterbalanced weight is positioned the place ahead, position of the tight below of mast top; And when the ropes upper support had load, counterbalanced weight was positioned the mast top rear.(" non-loaded " this term is generally used for representing not exist the meaning of extra lifting load.Certainly, when non-loaded, suspension hook and any relevant hook assembly may have cooresponding weight and apply tension force to ropes on ropes.)
[0041] as previously mentioned, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the process of crane operation, removable counterbalanced weight never supports on the ground.Hoisting crane can be finished picking up, move and placing and operate of load, wherein in operating process, by stretching of hydraulic ram, mobile equilibrium heavily shifts near or away from the front portion of turntable, to help balanced load, but counterbalanced weight is except being supported on indirectly on the car body by the ground engagement parts, never supports on the ground.And single removable counterbalanced weight unit is that only functional equilibrium is heavy on the hoisting crane.It is heavy not have any independent functional equilibrium on the car body.The counterbalanced weight unit can move to this fact of position very close to the crane facility center line, mean that in this structure, counterbalanced weight can not produce big centrifugal castor, otherwise car body need carry additional counterbalanced weight.(" not having any independent functional equilibrium weighs " is intended to be different from the hoisting crane of prior art, and wherein car body is arranged to comprise a considerable amount of counterbalanceds weight that are used to prevent the hoisting crane hypsokinesis especially.)
[0042] Fig. 6 shows second embodiment of hoisting crane 110 of the present invention.Similar with hoisting crane 10, hoisting crane 110 comprises car body 112, crawler belt 114 and 116, and turntable 120, cantilever 122, cantilever promotes rigging 125, load ropes 124, suspension hook 126, mast 128, back jib 130, tension part 132 and counterbalanced weight unit 134.Compare with hoisting crane 10, the key distinction of hoisting crane 110 is to be used for the oil cylinder and the arm of the heavy unit of shifting balance.Two hydraulic rams 136 and 138 are arranged in hoisting crane 110.Similar with oil cylinder 38, oil cylinder 138 is pivotally connected to turntable 120.And an end of arm 140 is pivotally connected to turntable, and its other end is connected to oil cylinder 138.Yet in this embodiment, second hydraulic ram 136 is connected between arm and the counterbalanced weight unit, and is identical with the situation of postbrachium 36 in hoisting crane 10.The counterbalanced weight unit can move between the last location (shown in dotted line) that midway location that position, forefront that two oil cylinders are all withdrawn, back oil cylinder 136 stretch out and two oil cylinders all stretch out fully.
[0043] Fig. 7 shows the 3rd embodiment of hoisting crane 210.Similar with hoisting crane 10 and 110, hoisting crane 210 comprises car body 212, crawler belt 214, and turntable 220, cantilever 222, cantilever promotes rigging 225, load ropes 224, suspension hook 226, mast 228, back jib 230, tension part 232 and counterbalanced weight unit 234.This hoisting crane 210 is different from hoisting crane 10 and 110, and it has the second counterbalanced weight unit 237 that directly is supported on the turntable.And it only adopts a hydraulic ram 236, rather than an arm and a hydraulic ram, is used for the heavy unit 234 of shifting balance.And then oil cylinder 236 only is connected with turntable indirectly owing to be connected with the second counterbalanced weight unit on being supported on turntable.In this case, when the second counterbalanced weight unit 237 moved forward and backward, counterbalanced weight unit 234 also moved.Extended so that the counterbalanced weight 234 of hydraulic ram 236 moves to further from the position of the rotation center line of turntable, and is shown in dotted line.
[0044] Fig. 8 shows the 4th embodiment of hoisting crane 310 of the present invention.Similar with hoisting crane 10, hoisting crane 310 comprises car body 312, crawler belt 314, and turntable 320, cantilever 322, cantilever promotes rigging 325, load ropes 324, suspension hook 326, mast 328, back jib 330, tension part 332 and counterbalanced weight unit 334.Compare with hoisting crane 10, the key distinction of hoisting crane 310 is, only uses hydraulic ram 336 and do not use the heavy unit of pivotal arm shifting balance.Similar with oil cylinder 38, oil cylinder 336 is connected rotationally with turntable 320.Yet in this embodiment, hydraulic ram 336 is connected with the counterbalanced weight unit, thereby is connected indirectly with tension part 332.The counterbalanced weight unit can be at hydraulic ram 336 along moving between the position, forefront (shown in dotted line) that a direction is stretched out fully.By oil cylinder 336 withdrawals, counterbalanced weight moves to midway location.When oil cylinder 336 stretches out once more fully, counterbalanced weight moves to last location.
[0045] Fig. 9 shows the 5th embodiment of hoisting crane 410 of the present invention.Similar with hoisting crane 10, hoisting crane 410 comprises car body 412, crawler belt 414 and 416, and turntable 420, cantilever 422, cantilever promotes rigging 425, load ropes 424, suspension hook 426, mast 428, back jib 430, tension part 432 and counterbalanced weight unit 434.Compare with hoisting crane 10, the key distinction of hoisting crane 410 is to be used for the oil cylinder of the heavy unit of shifting balance and the structure of arm, and counterbalanced weight moves this fact backward by the withdrawal of oil cylinder.In hoisting crane 410, hydraulic ram 436 is connected rotationally with turntable, but this point of connection is positioned at arm 438 and turntable connection location position afterwards.Arm 438 is connected with turntable rotationally at the one end, is connected with oil cylinder 436 at its other end.Second arm 440 is connected between arm 438 and the counterbalanced weight unit 434, and is identical with the situation of postbrachium 36 in hoisting crane 10.The counterbalanced weight unit can move between the last location (shown in dotted line) that position, forefront that hydraulic ram 436 stretches out fully and oil cylinder 436 are withdrawn fully.
[0046] Figure 10-14 shows the 6th embodiment of hoisting crane 510 of the present invention.Similar with hoisting crane 10, hoisting crane 510 comprises car body 512, crawler belt 514 and 516, and turntable 520, cantilever 522, cantilever promotes rigging 525, load ropes 524, suspension hook 526, mast 528, back jib 530, tension part 532 and counterbalanced weight unit 534.Compare with hoisting crane 10, the key distinction of hoisting crane 510 is the structure and the setting of back jib, and the geometric configuration of arm 538.Arm 538 does not resemble the straight arm 38 of hoisting crane 10, but has bight 539 with pivot bracket 540 bonded assemblys one end.Compare with the outside that is connected pivot bracket 40 as illustrated in fig. 4, it allows that arm 538 directly forms straight line with the side component 541 of pivot bracket 540 and is connected.When counterbalanced weight was positioned at position shown in the solid line of Figure 10, bight 539 had prevented the conflict of arm 538 with the side component 541 of pivot bracket.
[0047] in hoisting crane 510, shortened turntable, therefore, the back jib 530 connected points on the turntable are positioned at before mast and the back jib bonded assembly point, thereby make the S. A. of back jib and turntable form certain angle.This angle can be between 10 ° and 20 °.Preferred angle is about 16 °.And then back jib 530 is not connected at the top of mast 528 with tension part 532, they still with the abuts of mast.
[0048] and, can be clear that in Figure 11 back jib 530 has A shape shelf structure, it has two isolated supporting legs 542 and 544 and middle vertical part 546.(in Figure 11, for clarity sake, not shown arm 538, oil cylinder 536 and counterbalanced weight unit 534.) the truss connecting portion 552 of vertical part 546 is shown among Figure 12.Supporting leg 542 and 544 truss connecting portion 554 are shown in Figure 13.Figure 14 shows the truss connecting portion 556 that is used to constitute pivot bracket 540.
[0049] supporting leg 542 and 544 is spaced apart, thereby when counterbalanced weight 534 was outwards swung, arm 538 and pivot bracket 540 can be engaged between the supporting leg 542 and 544 of back jib 530.In hoisting crane 10, the top truss parts of pivot bracket 40 separate downwards, low as to be enough to make pivot bracket 40 to be arranged in Fig. 3 appreciiable position, the end of pivot bracket can make back jib 30 cross-over connections be connected to turntable 20, touches to form truss structure with the postbrachium bridge joint and need not pivot bracket 40.Counterbalanced weight unit 534 can move between the last location (shown in dotted line) that position, forefront that hydraulic ram 536 is withdrawn fully and oil cylinder 536 stretch out fully.A shape shelf structure allows that the back jib more closely is connected with rotation center line, and does not hinder the motion of pivot bracket 540 and arm 538.Back jib is compared with hoisting crane 10 in this more connection of near position, allows the shortening turntable.
[0050] in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the counterbalanced weight unit is supported by mast and detent mechanism always.When the load below the rated capacity puts on the suspension hook, need not to use independent vehicle heavy with balance support.Compare with the counterbalanced weight that freely suspends in midair that uses in the mobile lift crane of some prior aries, need not the counterbalanced weight unit is placed on the ground.Therefore, reduced ground dead work widely in order to the operation of carrying out hoisting crane 10.In the system that adopt at present this area, on suspension hook, have or when not having load, vehicle is positioned at the appropriate location constantly and must becomes the part of lifting plan, it has great advantage relatively in the present invention.The frequent obstacle that occurs makes and is difficult to place hoisting crane and vehicle on the building ground.Developed recently to be designed for and placed vehicle reducing the telescopic system of volume influence, but vehicle still is positioned at the appropriate location and must takes into account.Using the crucial part of Vehicular system is that rolling path is provided in swing process.Because vehicle is with very big radius (20-30 rice) operation, plane of oscillation need use the headblock layer on a large scale.Self-supporting counterbalanced weight in the preferred embodiments of the present invention has avoided using vehicle and necessary bed course.
[0051] described counterbalanced weight moving structure generally can make counterbalanced weight move at least 10 meters distance, and preferably at least 20 meters, this depends on the specification of hoisting crane.In the embodiment of hoisting crane 10, hydraulic ram 38 preferably has at least 5 meters stroke.Since shown in geometric configuration, make the center of gravity of counterbalanced weight unit be movable to apart from the distance of the centre of gration 28 meters (90 feet) of turntable.Perhaps, when hydraulic ram 38 is withdrawn fully, only 7 meters of the distance of centre of gravity centre of grations of counterbalanced weight unit (23 feet).According to the geometric configuration of detent mechanism, this position, forefront can be shorter.Preferably, the removable counterbalanced weight of counterbalanced weight moving structure is to being positioned at apart from the position in the zone of 7 meters of S. A.s, and away from the position of at least 28 meters of S. A.s.For the embodiment of hoisting crane 410, by the oil cylinder of 5.6 meters strokes is only arranged, the counterbalanced weight moving structure can move counterbalanced weight at least 22 meters distance.In this structure, counterbalanced weight is movable to the position that is positioned at apart from the about 6 meters zone of S. A., and moves to apart from the position of at least 28 meters of S. A.s.When the counterbalanced weight unit is dangled by mast top and descends, identical with the situation in the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the counterbalanced weight moving structure can move counterbalanced weight and remain on the position in mast top the place ahead, thereby, the tension part relative rotation axi forms the angle greater than 5 °, be preferably more than 10 °, more preferably greater than 13 °.When counterbalanced weight was positioned at the position at mast top rear, the tension part relative rotation axi had at least 5 ° angle, and preferably at least 10 °, more preferably at least 13 °.
[0052] if desired, stretching out of oil cylinder 38 can be by computer controlled, thereby automatically the heavy unit of shifting balance is to the desired position, the load that is raised with balance, or pivoted arm operation.In this case, can use the load in the jib of pin type load unit detection back, and the heavy position that reaches desirable level to load of shifting balance.If desired, the position of counterbalanced weight unit can be by the withdrawal fully of oil cylinder 38 with stretch out fully between the zone of decision and infinitely change.Variable position fixing system self balance required load moment.In other words, if it is heavy that partial balancing has been installed, counterbalanced weight will automatically further be located to offset required load moment backward.Only when arriving last location, just reduce the capacity of hoisting crane.
[0053] in a preferred method of the invention, all counterbalanceds weight are moved to last location, brought into play the effect of counterbalanced weight to greatest extent the hoisting crane load moment.When on the suspension hook when non-loaded, counterbalanced weight will as far as possible onwards be located.Counterbalanced weight maximization is allowed in this position, forefront, keeps required to rear stability simultaneously.In a preferred embodiment, the counterbalanced weight total amount of hoisting crane is at least 250 tonnes, preferably be at least 700 tonnes, more preferably, be at least 900 tonnes, its maximum rated load moment is at least 6250 tonnes-Mi, preferably be at least 17500 tonnes-Mi, more preferably be at least 27500 tonnes-Mi, its maximum rated load moment is at least 25 with the ratio of the gross weight of counterbalanced weight, preferably is at least 30.
[0054] as mentioned above, the design plan of prior art has three counterbalanced weight assemblies usually.The counterbalanced weight of the position changeable of preferred hoisting crane has only an assembly.Need at traditional design plan under 1000 tons the situation of counterbalanced weight, in order to realize same load moment, hoisting crane 10 with counterbalanced weight of position changeable needs about 70%, or 700 tonnes counterbalanced weight.30% the counterbalanced weight that reduces has directly reduced the cost of counterbalanced weight, although this becomes the cost payment of this part by detent mechanism.As mentioned above, under the restriction of U.S.'s express highway, 300 tonnes counterbalanced weight needs 15 transported on trucks.Therefore, reduce the heavy quantity of between the working space, transporting the required truck of hoisting crane that just reduced of overall balance.Described detent mechanism is designed to combine with the rear portion of turntable, does not need the extra truck that transports.If it must be removed the requirement of transporting weight, may need a truck to reach.
[0055] owing to the remarkable minimizing (in the above-described embodiments, being 300 tonnes) of counterbalanced weight, the maximum ground reacting force of supporting has also reduced same value.Counterbalanced weight only is positioned at and promotes the required position as far as possible backward of load.It is compact that hoisting crane and counterbalanced weight keep as much as possible, and only just trail when the extra load moment of needs.Further feature is can be at the counterbalanced weight of midway location operation minimizing.When non-loaded, the counterbalanced weight of minimizing is with balance durability requirements backward on suspension hook.The position changeable function can be closed separately, and hoisting crane can be according to traditional lifting crane operation.Described system is scalable.The advantage that exists in very big capacity crane is 300 tonne capacity and exist equally to the hoisting crane of 200 tonne capacity perhaps for a short time.
[0056] being appreciated that variation everywhere and the change that preferred embodiment described herein is made, for a person skilled in the art, is conspicuous.For example, if the loading of hoisting crane and operation never produce pressure in the jib of back, back jib can comprise the suspender belt that is provided for bearing tension load.Oil cylinder, postbrachium and pivot bracket can interconnect in strange land mutually to that indicated in the drawings, and still can be connected between turntable and the counterbalanced weight unit, to realize moving of required counterbalanced weight unit.And then, the parts of hoisting crane needn't be always direct connection as shown in figure.For example, mast is connected with the back jib, and tension part can be connected with mast near back jib and mast bonded assembly position.Not breaking away from aim of the present invention and category and not weakening under the prerequisite of its potential advantage, can make such variation and change.Therefore should think that such variation and change comprise within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (30)
1, a kind of method of operating mobile lift crane, described hoisting crane comprise having the movably car body of ground engagement parts; Thereby be rotationally coupled to the turntable of face connecting part spare swing relatively on the car body; Be installed in the cantilever of turntable front portion pivotally, wherein ropes extends out from this cantilever; Be installed in mast on the turntable with its first end; And removable counterbalanced weight unit; Described method comprises:
A), make counterbalanced weight be positioned at the place ahead of a point under the mast top when on the ropes when non-loaded;
B) when the ropes upper support has load, make counterbalanced weight be positioned at the mast top rear;
C) wherein, the picking up of hoisting crane, move and place in the operating process, removable counterbalanced weight is from can't help ground supports, but is supported on the car body indirectly by the ground engagement parts.
2, the method for claim 1, wherein described counterbalanced weight is located by the flexible of hydraulic ram.
3, the method for claim 1, wherein described car body is not provided with any independent functional equilibrium heavily.
4, method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described hoisting crane also comprises at least one arm, described arm is connected with turntable with its first end pivotally and connects described hydraulic ram with its second end, wherein, when described oil cylinder is withdrawn and stretched out, described arm is pivoted.
5, method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described hoisting crane also comprises pivot bracket and postbrachium, pivot bracket is connected between turntable and the hydraulic ram, postbrachium is connected between pivot bracket and the counterbalanced weight unit, wherein, when described oil cylinder is withdrawn and stretched out, make described postbrachium move described counterbalanced weight unit.
6, a kind of method of operating mobile lift crane, described hoisting crane comprise having the movably car body of ground engagement parts; Thereby be rotationally coupled to the turntable of face connecting part spare swing relatively on the car body; Be installed in the cantilever of turntable front portion pivotally, wherein ropes extends out from this cantilever; Be installed in mast on the turntable with its first end; At least one hydraulic ram; And removable counterbalanced weight unit; Described method comprises:
A) carry out the step of picking up, moving and placing load, wherein by in the process of picking up, moving and placing operation, making hydraulic ram flexible, removable counterbalanced weight is shifted near or away from the front portion of turntable, to help balanced load, but therein, the counterbalanced weight unit is from can't help ground supports, but is supported on the car body indirectly by the ground engagement parts.
7, method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described hoisting crane comprises that also at least one is connected to arm on the turntable with its first end pivotally, wherein said hydraulic ram is connected on the turntable with its first end, and connect pivotal arm with its second end, wherein when described oil cylinder is withdrawn and stretched out, described arm is pivoted.
8, method as claimed in claim 6 wherein, when on the ropes when non-loaded, makes counterbalanced weight be positioned at the place ahead of a point under the mast top; When the ropes upper support has load, make counterbalanced weight be positioned at the mast top rear.
9, method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described hoisting crane also comprises pivot bracket and postbrachium, pivot bracket is connected between turntable and the hydraulic ram, postbrachium is connected between pivot bracket and the counterbalanced weight unit, wherein, when described oil cylinder is withdrawn and stretched out, make described postbrachium move described counterbalanced weight unit.
10, method as claimed in claim 6 wherein, is picked up, is being moved and placing in the operating process, and the described relatively turntable of described mast keeps with fixed angle.
11, a kind of mobile lift crane comprises:
A) has the movably car body of ground engagement parts;
B) thus be rotationally coupled on the car body turntable of face connecting part spare swing relatively;
C) be installed in the cantilever of turntable front portion pivotally;
D) be installed in mast on the turntable with its first end;
E) be connected back jib between the rear portion of mast and turntable;
F) removable counterbalanced weight unit;
G) at least one hydraulic ram; And
H) at least one arm, described arm is connected on the turntable, connects hydraulic ram with its second end with its first end pivotally, described arm and hydraulic ram are connected between turntable and the counterbalanced weight unit, thereby the flexible position of the relative turntable in counterbalanced weight unit that makes of hydraulic ram changes.
12, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described hydraulic ram is pivotally connected on the turntable.
13, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 12, wherein, at least one arm comprises pivot bracket and at least one postbrachium, and described pivot bracket is connected between turntable and the hydraulic ram, and described postbrachium is connected between pivot bracket and the counterbalanced weight unit.
14, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 12 wherein, also comprises second hydraulic ram, and second hydraulic ram is connected between at least one arm and the counterbalanced weight unit.
15, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described back jib and mast top adjacency.
16, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 15, wherein, described back jib its with the point in the place ahead, mast bonded assembly position on be connected with turntable.
17, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described back jib comprises the truss components that is provided for bearing pressure and tension load.
18, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described back jib comprises the truss components that is provided for bearing tension load.
19, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 11 wherein, also comprises with balance support heavily being adjacent to the bonded assembly tension part in the top of the mast of unit.
20, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described movable ground attachment comprise at least two crawler belts.
21, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described counterbalanced weight unit weight is above 250 tonnes.
22, a kind of mobile lift crane comprises:
A) has the movably car body of ground engagement parts;
B) thus be rotationally coupled on the car body relatively face connecting part spare around the turntable of rotation axis oscillating;
C) be installed in the cantilever of turntable front portion pivotally;
D) relatively the plane of revolution of turntable becomes fixed angle ground to be installed in mast on the turntable with its first end;
E) dangle by tension part with the second end adjacency of mast and under removable counterbalanced weight unit; And
F) counterbalanced weight moving structure, it is connected between turntable and the counterbalanced weight unit, so that the counterbalanced weight unit
Removable and remain on the primary importance in mast top the place ahead and move and remain on the mast top rear second place.
23, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 22, wherein, described counterbalanced weight moving structure can make counterbalanced weight move at least 10 meters distance.
24, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 22, wherein, described counterbalanced weight moving structure can make counterbalanced weight move and remain on the position in mast top the place ahead, thus tension part becomes at least 5 ° angle with described S. A..
25, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 22, wherein, described counterbalanced weight moving structure can make counterbalanced weight move and remain on the position at mast top rear, thus tension part becomes at least 5 ° angle with described S. A..
26, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 22, wherein, described counterbalanced weight moving structure comprises at least one hydraulic ram and at least one pivotal arm.
27, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 22, wherein, described counterbalanced weight moving structure comprises that at least one is connected to hydraulic ram on the turntable with its first end pivotally, be connected the pivot bracket between second end of turntable and described hydraulic ram, and at least one is connected the postbrachium between pivot bracket and the counterbalanced weight unit.
28, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 27, wherein, described at least one arm has bending structure, thus when counterbalanced weight was positioned at the position, forefront, it can be connected in line and not with an exterior part of pivot bracket conflicted with pivot bracket.
29, a kind of mobile lift crane comprises:
A) has the movably car body of ground engagement parts;
B) thus be rotationally coupled on the car body turntable of face connecting part spare swing relatively around S. A.;
C) be installed in the cantilever of turntable front portion pivotally;
D) be installed in mast on the turntable with its first end;
E) removable counterbalanced weight unit; And
F) counterbalanced weight moving structure, it is connected between turntable and the counterbalanced weight unit, so that the counterbalanced weight unit is removable and remain on anterior position and rear position;
G) wherein, described hoisting crane has at least 250 tonnes counterbalanced weight total amount and the maximum rated load moment of at least 6250 tons-Mi, and the ratio of its maximum rated load moment and the total weight of counterbalanced weight is at least 25.
30, mobile lift crane as claimed in claim 29, wherein, described maximum rated load moment is at least 30 with the ratio of the total weight of counterbalanced weight.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
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| US11/733,104 | 2007-04-09 | ||
| US11/733,104 US7546928B2 (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2007-04-09 | Mobile lift crane with variable position counterweight |
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| CN2012102535793A Pending CN102862921A (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2007-10-26 | Mobile lift crane with variable position counterweight |
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| EP (4) | EP2589563A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5297624B2 (en) |
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- 2007-04-09 US US11/733,104 patent/US7546928B2/en active Active
- 2007-10-11 JP JP2007265430A patent/JP5297624B2/en active Active
- 2007-10-15 EP EP13153415.8A patent/EP2589563A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-10-15 EP EP13155808.2A patent/EP2597066B1/en active Active
- 2007-10-15 EP EP13153480.2A patent/EP2589564B1/en active Active
- 2007-10-15 EP EP07254071.9A patent/EP1916220B1/en active Active
- 2007-10-24 MX MX2007013265A patent/MX2007013265A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-10-25 BR BRC10704004-0A patent/BRPI0704004C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-10-25 KR KR1020070107768A patent/KR20080038034A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-10-26 CN CN2007101929852A patent/CN101254888B/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-10-26 CN CN2012102535793A patent/CN102862921A/en active Pending
- 2007-10-29 RU RU2007139810/11A patent/RU2464221C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2014
- 2014-05-16 IN IN2447CH2014 patent/IN2014CH02447A/en unknown
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11884522B2 (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2024-01-30 | Grove U.S. L.L.C. | Mobile lift crane with variable position counterweight |
| CN101844728B (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2015-07-01 | 马尼托瓦克起重机有限公司 | Carbody connection system and crane using same |
| CN101844728A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-09-29 | 马尼托瓦克起重机有限公司 | Carbody connection system and crane using same |
| US11261064B2 (en) | 2009-08-06 | 2022-03-01 | Manitowoc Cranes, Llc | Lift crane with moveable counterweight |
| CN106081954A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2016-11-09 | 马尼托瓦克起重机有限责任公司 | There is the lift crane of moveable counter weight |
| WO2012097487A1 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-07-26 | 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司 | Movable rear counterweight device for crawler crane |
| CN102887433A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-23 | 利勃海尔-韦尔克爱茵根有限公司 | Crane control device and crane |
| CN104284857A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2015-01-14 | Vsl国际股份公司 | Heavy lifting apparatus and method |
| CN103693555A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-02 | 天津港集装箱码头有限公司 | Lateral container lifting tool of bank crane |
| CN108137297A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-06-08 | 马尼托瓦克起重机有限责任公司 | For calculating the system and method for the chart of load carrying capacity at middle weight position |
| CN111731998A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-02 | 太原科技大学 | Movable balancing weight position regulating and controlling system of rock discharging machine |
| CN114132853A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-03-04 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Safety control method and system for hoisting equipment |
| CN114132853B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-08-30 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Safety control method and system for hoisting equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1916220A1 (en) | 2008-04-30 |
| RU2007139810A (en) | 2009-05-10 |
| EP2597066A1 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
| RU2464221C2 (en) | 2012-10-20 |
| BRPI0704004A (en) | 2008-06-10 |
| MX2007013265A (en) | 2009-02-19 |
| EP2589564A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
| EP2589563A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
| BRPI0704004C1 (en) | 2008-07-15 |
| JP2008110877A (en) | 2008-05-15 |
| EP2589564B1 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
| JP5297624B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
| CN101254888B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
| EP2597066B1 (en) | 2020-12-09 |
| EP1916220B1 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| IN2014CH02447A (en) | 2015-07-03 |
| CN102862921A (en) | 2013-01-09 |
| US20080099421A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
| KR20080038034A (en) | 2008-05-02 |
| US7546928B2 (en) | 2009-06-16 |
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