CN101245112B - Polyoses extracted from pistacia chinensis meal and extracting method thereof - Google Patents
Polyoses extracted from pistacia chinensis meal and extracting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101245112B CN101245112B CN2008100471165A CN200810047116A CN101245112B CN 101245112 B CN101245112 B CN 101245112B CN 2008100471165 A CN2008100471165 A CN 2008100471165A CN 200810047116 A CN200810047116 A CN 200810047116A CN 101245112 B CN101245112 B CN 101245112B
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- potassium
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- 235000014123 Pistacia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 240000000432 Pistacia chinensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 48
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 38
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- FENRSEGZMITUEF-ATTCVCFYSA-E [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OP(=O)([O-])O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OP(=O)([O-])[O-])[C@H](OP(=O)(O)[O-])[C@H](OP(=O)([O-])[O-])[C@H](OP(=O)(O)[O-])[C@H]1OP(=O)([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OP(=O)([O-])O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OP(=O)([O-])[O-])[C@H](OP(=O)(O)[O-])[C@H](OP(=O)([O-])[O-])[C@H](OP(=O)(O)[O-])[C@H]1OP(=O)([O-])[O-] FENRSEGZMITUEF-ATTCVCFYSA-E 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940083982 sodium phytate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000247 postprecipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromic acid Chemical compound OBr(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940045641 monobasic sodium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N periodic acid Chemical compound OI(=O)(=O)=O KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- JXAZAUKOWVKTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium pyrosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OS([O-])(=O)=O JXAZAUKOWVKTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 114
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000874 microwave-assisted extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960004756 ethanol Drugs 0.000 description 48
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 102000011759 adducin Human genes 0.000 description 16
- 108010076723 adducin Proteins 0.000 description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LPQOADBMXVRBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1ldcw0 Chemical compound Cl.C1CN(C)CCN1C1=C(F)C=C2C(=O)C(C(O)=O)=CN3CCSC1=C32 LPQOADBMXVRBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000543704 Pistacia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a polysaccharide which is extracted from Chinese pistache and the extraction method; the polysaccharide is extracted by the following steps: the Chinese pistache raw material is added in the strong acidic solution, which is taken as extracting solution and has a concentration of 0.01 to 7mol/L, or the weak acid with the weight percentage concentration of 0.01 percent to 100 percent or the alkaline solution with the concentration of 0.05 to 8.0mol/L or the water according to the material liquid ratio of 1: 1 to 1:200g/ml and is taken out after 1 minute to 8 hours of extraction, the solution after removing the sediment is obtained by centrifugal separation or filtration, then the sufficient amount of solvent is added for full precipitation of the polysaccharide, finally the solution is removed by centrifugalization or filtration, anhydrous ethanol, propyl alcohol or propyl alcohol are used for washing for a plurality of times, and the crude polysaccharide is obtained by freeze drying. The extraction method takes the commonly used acidic solution and alkaline solution or water as the extracting liquid, the extraction conditions are simple and convenient, and the extraction method further takes the ultrasonic or microwave extraction as auxiliary means; the extraction method has higher polysaccharide yield, can greatly improve the additional values of processing and utilizing of the Chinese pistache and has great popularization and application prospects on the industrial aspect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polysaccharide that from pistacia chinensis meal, extracts and extracting method thereof, belong to biochemical field.
Background technology
Chinese pistache, another name medicine wood, loblolly trees etc. belong to Anacardiaceae pistache plant.Originate in China, it is very wide to distribute, and in China North China, all there is distribution on ground such as East China, Central-South, southwestern, south China, northwest, also there is natural distributed on ground such as the Philippines in South East Asia.The nearest Chinese pistache seed oil that studies show that can extract biofuel, and is significant to solving present energy dilemma, but the development and use of the grouts after its oil expression are rarely had report.And the current useful macromolecular substance of natural radioactivity that has been used as of many vegetable polysaccharidess is studied widely and is utilized, existing result of study shows, that polysaccharide has is anti-oxidant, antitumor, reducing blood-fat, improve a series of functionally activies such as body's immunity, if can find and extract the comprehensive utilization value that polysaccharide in the Chinese pistache will improve the processing and utilization of Chinese pistache seed greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of polysaccharide that extracts from pistacia chinensis meal and extracting method thereof, this method is simply effective, and cost is low, and higher with the yield of this method extraction polysaccharide.
Realize that the object of the invention technical scheme is a kind of method of extracting polysaccharide from pistacia chinensis meal, the concrete steps that adopted are as follows:
(1) gets the pistacia chinensis meal raw material, by 1: 1-1: it is basic solution or the water that the strongly acidic solution of 0.01-7mol/L or weak acid that mass percent concentration is 0.01%-100% or concentration are 0.05-8.0mol/L that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds concentration as extracting solution, be to take out after lixiviate 1min-8 hour under the 0-800r/m condition at 10-100 ℃ with stirring velocity then, through the centrifugation precipitation or after filtering, obtain removing the solution of post precipitation;
(2) in the solution of gained removal post precipitation, add the C that capacity can make polysaccharide precipitation
1-C
10Pure and mild C
1-C
10One or more admixture solvents in the ketone fully precipitate polysaccharide;
(3) precipitated liquid is carried out centrifugal or filtration treatment, remove solution wherein, with throw out for several times, be drying to obtain the Chinese pistache Crude polysaccharides with dehydrated alcohol, propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing.
Preceding in step (1), earlier the raw material seed dregs of rice are carried out pre-treatment and remove impurity, the raw material grouts are carried out pre-treatment adopt following steps successively: pulverize, sieve, sherwood oil refluxes, and dries.
On the basis of technique scheme, in step (1), pistacia chinensis meal added extracting solution after in the process of lixiviate, make under the effect of microwave of its ultrasonic wave that is in 0-10000W power or 0-80000W power.
And wherein the strongly acidic solution as extracting solution comprises hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate or their mixed solution, when extracting solution is strong acid, with pistacia chinensis meal by 1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 1-1: 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is the strongly acidic solution of 0.01-7.0mol/L, is to take out after lixiviate 1min-8 hour under the 0-800r/m condition 10-100 ℃ and stirring velocity.
And wherein the weak acid as extracting solution comprises carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride, hydrogen peroxide or these sour mixed solutions, when extracting solution is weak acid, with pretreated pistacia chinensis meal, by 1: 1-1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is the weak acid of 0.01%-100%, is to take out after lixiviate 1min-8 hour under the 0-800r/m condition at 10-100 ℃ with stirring velocity then.
And wherein the basic solution as extracting solution comprises potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or these alkali mixed solutions, when extracting solution is basic solution, with the pre-treatment dregs of rice, by 1: 1-1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is the alkali of 0.05-8.0mol/L, is to take out after lixiviate 1min-8 hour under the 0-800r/m condition at 10-100 ℃ with stirring velocity.
Wherein used centrifugal condition is 2000-15000r/m, 1-40 ℃.
Adopt existing sulfuric acid-phynol method that the material that extracts with technical scheme provided by the invention is carried out qualitative analysis, this material is a glucide as can be known, and sugar can be divided into monose and polysaccharide, adds in this extracting method in the pure sedimentary process monose to be removed, and what this explanation the present invention extracted is polysaccharide.With sulfuric acid-phynol method the polysaccharide that obtains is carried out assay, the concentration of extracting solution, extraction temperature, extraction time and these conditions of solid-liquid ratio are the most remarkable to the polysaccharide yield influence in this technical scheme as can be known.
The present invention adopts the solution extraction method as shown from the above technical solution, and as extracting solution, extraction conditions is simple and convenient, can improve the added value of the processing and utilization of Chinese pistache greatly with commonly used acid, alkali or water, industrial good popularization and application prospect is arranged.
Embodiment
The present invention at first carries out pre-treatment with the raw material pistacia chinensis meal, promptly pulverize successively, sieve, sherwood oil refluxes to remove granule foreign, remaining grease, dry standby, the raw material pistacia chinensis meal is carried out pre-treatment can make extraction effect better, tackle the raw material pistacia chinensis meal generally speaking and carry out pre-treatment; Then by 1: 1-1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is strongly acidic solution or the weak acid of 0.01%-100% or basic solution or the water that concentration is 0.05-8.0mol/L of 0.01-7.0mol/L, behind 10-100 ℃ and stirring velocity 0-800r/m lixiviate 1min-8h, take out then, after filtration or the centrifugation post precipitation, obtain removing the solution of post precipitation; In the solution of gained removal post precipitation, add the C that capacity can make polysaccharide precipitation
1-C
10Pure and mild C
1-C
10One or more admixture solvents in the ketone are (as common used ethanol, propyl alcohol or acetone etc., the concentration of solvent and consumption only need make the mass percentage content of solvent in the solution that adds behind the solvent reach more than 80%, can allow polysaccharide precipitation get final product), polysaccharide is fully precipitated; At last precipitated liquid is carried out centrifugal or filtration treatment, remove solution wherein, with dehydrated alcohol and acetone repetitive scrubbing several, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.
Below the invention will be further described by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
It is the hydrochloric acid of 0.4mol/L that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 20ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into 90 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 2h, behind suction filtration, obtain filtrate; With alkali neutralization, in filtrate, sealing is placed to and precipitates fully to add 95% etoh solvent that can make polysaccharide precipitation (or propyl alcohol acetone etc.) by 1: 3 ratio again; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 6.24%) more than 3%.
Embodiment 2
It is the hydrochloric acid of 0.4mol/L that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 20ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into lixiviate under 80 ℃ of water-bath 80000W microwave conditions, take out behind the lixiviate 1min, behind suction filtration, obtain filtrate; With alkali neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 2000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 6.35%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 3
It is the hydrochloric acid of 7.0mol/L that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 20ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into lixiviate under 10 ℃ of water-bath 800r/m stirring velocitys, take out behind the lixiviate 60min, behind suction filtration, obtain filtrate; With alkali neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 5.16%) more than 3%.
Embodiment 4
It is the hydrochloric acid of 4mol/L that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 200ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into 80 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 8h, behind suction filtration, obtain filtrate; With alkali neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 15000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 8.04%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 5
It is the hydrochloric acid of 7.0mol/L that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 1ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into the lixiviate of 100 ℃ of water-bath 10000W ultrasonic wave, take out behind the lixiviate 30min, through 15000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; With alkali neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 7.85%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 6
It is the potassium hydroxide of 1.0mol/L that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 200ml concentration, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, in S-WAT or the sodium phytate, put into 10 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 8h, through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 5min, pour out supernatant liquor; With acid neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 10000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 10min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 7.42%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 7
It is the potassium hydroxide of 8.0mol/L that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 10ml concentration, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, in S-WAT or the sodium phytate, put into the lixiviate of 100 ℃ of water-bath 10000W ultrasonic wave, take out behind the lixiviate 30min, through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 5min, pour out supernatant liquor; With acid neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 10min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol and acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 7.57.%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 8
It is the potassium hydroxide of 1.5mol/L that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 1ml concentration, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, in S-WAT or the sodium phytate, put into the lixiviate of 70 ℃ of water-bath 80000W microwaves, take out behind the lixiviate 1min, through 10000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 5min, pour out supernatant liquor; With acid neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 2000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 10min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 6.67%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 9
It is the potassium hydroxide of 0.05mol/L that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 6ml concentration, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, in S-WAT or the sodium phytate, put into 70 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 3h, through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 5min, pour out supernatant liquor; With acid neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 15000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 5.96%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 10
The pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added in the 200ml water, put into 10 ℃ of water lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 8h,, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor through 2000r/m; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 volume ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 2000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measure through sulfuric acid-phynol method that polysaccharide yield is 2.56% under this condition.
Embodiment 11
The pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added in the 1ml water, put into the lixiviate of 100 ℃ of water 80000W microwaves, take out behind the lixiviate 1min, after pumping rate, obtain filtrate; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 volume ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 15000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 10min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measure through sulfuric acid-phynol method that polysaccharide yield is 3.02% under this condition.
Embodiment 12
The pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added in the 40ml water, take out after putting into 90 ℃ of water-bath 10000W ultrasonic wave lixiviate 4h, behind suction filtration, obtain filtrate; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 10min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measure through sulfuric acid-phynol method that polysaccharide yield is 3.46% under this condition.
Embodiment 13
It is in 3% carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or the hydrogen peroxide that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 200ml concentration, puts into 10 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, takes out behind the lixiviate 8h, through 10000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 5min, pours out supernatant liquor; With alkali neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 10000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 10min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as acetate as extracting solution time yield be 6.45%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 14
It is in 0.01% carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or the hydrogen peroxide that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 10ml concentration, puts into the lixiviate of 100 ℃ of water-bath 10000W ultrasonic wave, takes out behind the lixiviate 30min, through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 5min, pours out supernatant liquor; With alkali neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 10min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol and acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 5.23.%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 15
It is in 100% carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or the hydrogen peroxide that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 1ml concentration, puts into the lixiviate of 50 ℃ of water-bath 80000W microwaves, takes out behind the lixiviate 1min, through 10000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 5min, pours out supernatant liquor; With alkali neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 2000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 10min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as acetate as extracting solution time yield be 6.76%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 16
It is in 5% carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or the hydrogen peroxide that the pretreated pistacia chinensis meal of 1g is added 6ml concentration, puts into 70 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, takes out behind the lixiviate 3h, through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 5min, pours out supernatant liquor; With alkali neutralization, add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to fully and precipitates; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 15000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as acetate as extracting solution time yield be 5.53%) more than 4%.
Claims (7)
1. polysaccharide that extracts from pistacia chinensis meal is characterized in that adopting following steps to extract and get:
(1) gets the pistacia chinensis meal raw material, by 1: 1-1: it is basic solution or the water that the strongly acidic solution of 0.01-7.0mol/L or weak acid that mass percent concentration is 0.01%-100% or concentration are 0.05-8.0mol/L that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds concentration as extracting solution, be that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-8 hours under the 0-800r/m condition at 10-100 ℃ with stirring velocity then, through the centrifugation precipitation or after filtering, obtain removing the solution of post precipitation, wherein the strongly acidic solution as extracting solution comprises hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate or their mixed solution, weak acid as extracting solution is carboxylic acid, comprises potassium hydroxide as the basic solution of extracting solution, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, the mixed solution of sodium phytate or these alkali;
(2) in the solution of gained removal post precipitation, add the solvent that capacity can make polysaccharide precipitation, polysaccharide is fully precipitated;
(3) precipitated liquid is carried out centrifugal or filtration treatment, remove solution and get throw out, with throw out for several times, be drying to obtain the Chinese pistache Crude polysaccharides with dehydrated alcohol, propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing.
2. according to the described polysaccharide that extracts from pistacia chinensis meal of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the solvent of used precipitation polysaccharide is C
1-C
10Pure and mild C
1-C
10One or more mixtures in the ketone.
3. the extracting method of the described polysaccharide that extracts from pistacia chinensis meal of claim 1 is characterized in that adopting following concrete steps:
(1) gets the pistacia chinensis meal raw material, by 1: 1-1: it is basic solution or the water that the strongly acidic solution of 0.01-7.0mol/L or weak acid that mass percent concentration is 0.01%-100% or concentration are 0.05-8.0mol/L that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds concentration as extracting solution, be that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-8 hours under the 0-800r/m condition at 10-100 ℃ with stirring velocity then, after filtration or after centrifugal, obtain removing the solution of post precipitation, wherein the strongly acidic solution as extracting solution comprises hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate or their mixed solution, weak acid as extracting solution is carboxylic acid, comprises potassium hydroxide as the basic solution of extracting solution, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, the mixed solution of sodium phytate or these alkali;
(2) in the solution of gained removal post precipitation, add the solvent that capacity can make polysaccharide precipitation, polysaccharide is fully precipitated;
(3) precipitated liquid is carried out centrifugal or filtration treatment, remove solution and get throw out, with throw out for several times, be drying to obtain Crude polysaccharides with dehydrated alcohol, propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing.
4. according to the extracting method of the described polysaccharide that from pistacia chinensis meal, extracts of claim 3, it is characterized in that: preceding in step (1), earlier the raw material pistacia chinensis meal is carried out pre-treatment and remove impurity, the raw material pistacia chinensis meal is carried out pre-treatment adopt following steps successively: pulverize, sieve, sherwood oil refluxes, and dries.
5. according to the extracting method of the described polysaccharide that from pistacia chinensis meal, extracts of claim 3, it is characterized in that: in step (1), the pistacia chinensis meal raw material added in the process of lixiviate behind the extracting solution, make under the effect of microwave of its ultrasonic wave that is in 0-10000W power or 0-80000W power.
6. according to the extracting method of the described polysaccharide that extracts from pistacia chinensis meal of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the solvent of precipitation polysaccharide is C
1-C
10Pure and mild C
1-C
10One or more mixtures in the ketone.
7. according to the extracting method of the described polysaccharide that extracts from pistacia chinensis meal of claim 3, it is characterized in that: used centrifugal condition is 2000-15000r/m, 1-40 ℃.
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