CN101104647A - Oolysaccharide extracted from groundnut meal and extracting method thereof - Google Patents

Oolysaccharide extracted from groundnut meal and extracting method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101104647A
CN101104647A CNA2007100529369A CN200710052936A CN101104647A CN 101104647 A CN101104647 A CN 101104647A CN A2007100529369 A CNA2007100529369 A CN A2007100529369A CN 200710052936 A CN200710052936 A CN 200710052936A CN 101104647 A CN101104647 A CN 101104647A
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acid
solution
polysaccharide
peanut meal
sodium
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王承明
任初杰
吴谋成
薛芳
高丽
姚华杰
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a polysaccharide extracted from peanut meal and an extraction method of the polysaccharide, the extraction steps are as follow: the raw material peanut meal is put into strong acid solution with the concentration of 0.01-5.0 mol/1, weak acid solution of 0.01 percent to 100wet percent, alkaline solution with the concentration of 0.01-5.0 mol/1 or water as extracting solution in material to liquid ratio of 1: 10-1: 200 g/ml. Then, the peanut meal is extracted for 1 minute to 7 hours under the conditions of 1 to 100 DEG C and the stirring speed of 0 to 800r//m and is taken out; the separated solution is obtained after the peanut meal is separated and precipitated centrifugally. Enough solvent for precipitating the polysaccharide is put into the solution to make the polysaccharide precipitate. At last, the precipitated solution is treated centrifugally or filtered to obtain precipitates which is then washed with anhydrous alcohol and acetone a plurality of times, and is frozen and dried to obtain crude polysaccharide. The invention adopts a solution extracting method, acid, alkaline solution or water is usually used as the extracting solution with simple and convenient extracting condition. Moreover, the invention also adopts ultrasonic or microwave as an assistant method for the extraction, therefore, the yield of the polysaccharide is higher with the method, which can improve greatly the added value of the production of the peanut, and has good popularization and application prospect in the industry.

Description

A kind of polysaccharide that from peanut meal, extracts and extracting method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polysaccharide that from peanut meal, extracts and extracting method thereof, belong to biochemical field.
Background technology
Because the annual production of peanut is bigger, the advantage of peanut oil progressively is familiar with by people again, therefore annual now all have a large amount of peanuts to be used to oil expression, the remaining peanut meal in oil expression back generally can only be as the feedstuff raw material of fish or domestic animal at present, the a lot of effective constituents that contain in the peanut meal are not effectively utilized, the one of the main reasons that causes this situation is not to also having suitable method to be extracted to some effective constituents in the peanut meal exactly, thereby can't improve the overall economic efficiency of peanut.And the current useful macromolecular substance of natural radioactivity that has been used as of many vegetable polysaccharidess is studied widely and is utilized, existing result of study shows, that polysaccharide has is anti-oxidant, antitumor, reducing blood-fat, improve a series of functionally activies such as body's immunity, carbohydrate content is 10%~23% in the peanut, if can find and extract the added value that polysaccharide in the peanut meal will improve the processing and utilization of peanut greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of polysaccharide that extracts from peanut meal and extracting method thereof, this method is simply effective, and cost is low, and higher with the yield of this method extraction polysaccharide.
Realize that the object of the invention technical scheme is a kind of method of extracting polysaccharide from peanut meal, the concrete steps that adopted are as follows:
(1) gets the peanut meal raw material, by 1: 10-1: it is basic solution or the water that the strongly acidic solution of 0.01-5.0mol/L or weak acid that mass percent concentration is 0.01%-100% or concentration are 0.01-5.0mol/L that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds concentration as extracting solution, be that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-7 hours under the 0-800r/m condition at 1-100 ℃ with stirring velocity then, through the centrifugation post precipitation, obtain separating the solution of removing post precipitation;
(2) in the solution of centrifugation removal post precipitation, add the solvent that capacity can make polysaccharide precipitation at gained, polysaccharide is fully precipitated;
(3) precipitated liquid is carried out centrifugal or filtration treatment, remove solution and get throw out, with throw out for several times, be drying to obtain Crude polysaccharides with dehydrated alcohol, propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing.
On the basis of technique scheme, in step (2), peanut meal added extracting solution after in the process of lixiviate, make under the effect of microwave of its ultrasonic wave that is in 0-10000W power or 0-1000W power.
Preceding in step (1), earlier the raw material peanut meal is carried out pre-treatment and remove impurity, the raw material peanut meal is carried out pre-treatment adopt following steps successively: pulverize, sieve, sherwood oil refluxes, and dries.
And wherein the strongly acidic solution as extracting solution comprises hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate or their mixed solution, when extracting solution is strong acid, with peanut meal by 1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 10-1: 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is the strongly acidic solution of 0.01-5.0mol/L, is that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-7 hours under the 0-800r/m condition 1-100 ℃ and stirring velocity.
And wherein the weak acid as extracting solution comprises carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride, hydrogen peroxide or these sour mixed solutions, when extracting solution is weak acid, with pretreated peanut meal, by 1: 10-1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is the weak acid of 0.01%-100%, is that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-7 hours under the 0-800r/m condition at 1-100 ℃ with stirring velocity then.
And wherein the basic solution as extracting solution comprises potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, the mixed solution of sodium phytate or these alkali, when extracting solution is basic solution, with pretreated peanut meal, by 1: 10-1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is the alkali of 0.01-5.0mol/L, is that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-7 hours under the 0-800r/m condition at 1-100 ℃ with stirring velocity.
Wherein used centrifugal condition is 2000-15000r/m, 1-40 ℃.
Adopt existing sulfuric acid-phynol method that the material that extracts with technical scheme provided by the invention is carried out qualitative analysis, this material is a glucide as can be known, and sugar can be divided into monose and polysaccharide, adds in this extracting method in the pure sedimentary process monose to be removed, and what this explanation the present invention extracted is polysaccharide.With sulfuric acid-phynol method the polysaccharide that obtains is carried out assay, the concentration of extracting solution, extraction temperature and these conditions of solid-liquid ratio are the most remarkable to the polysaccharide yield influence in this technical scheme as can be known.
The present invention adopts the solution extraction method as shown from the above technical solution, with commonly used acid, alkali or water as extracting solution, extraction conditions is simple and convenient, and the present invention also with ultrasonic or microwave extraction method as householder method, effect by ultrasonic wave or microwave is fracturing cell walls better, makes that polysaccharide is more to extract faster.Therefore the polysaccharide yield of extracting method provided by the invention is higher, can improve the added value of the processing and utilization of peanut greatly, industrial good popularization and application prospect is arranged.
Embodiment
The present invention at first carries out pre-treatment with the raw material peanut meal, promptly pulverize successively, sieve, sherwood oil refluxes to remove granule foreign, remaining grease, dry standbyly, the raw material peanut meal is carried out pre-treatment can make extraction effect better, tackle the raw material peanut meal generally speaking and carry out pre-treatment; Then by 1: 10-1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is strongly acidic solution or the weak acid of 0.01%-100% or basic solution or the water that concentration is 0.01-5.0mol/L of 0.01-5.0mol/L, behind 1-100 ℃ and stirring velocity 0-800r/m lixiviate 1min-7h, take out then, after centrifugal, pour out supernatant liquor; Adding capacity in supernatant liquor can make the solvent of polysaccharide precipitation (as common used ethanol, propyl alcohol or acetone etc., the concentration of solvent and consumption only need make the mass percentage content of solvent in the solution that adds behind the solvent reach more than 80%, can allow polysaccharide precipitation get final product), sealing is placed to polysaccharide and fully precipitates; At last precipitated liquid is carried out centrifugal treating, outwell top solvent, with dehydrated alcohol and acetone repetitive scrubbing several, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.For improving polysaccharide yield, the present invention adds extracting solution with peanut meal in step (2) after in the process of stirring heating lixiviate, make under the effect of microwave of its ultrasonic wave that is in 0-10000W power or 0-1000W power, effect by ultrasonic wave or microwave is fracturing cell walls better, extracts faster so that polysaccharide is more.
Below the invention will be further described by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
It is the hydrochloric acid of 0.1mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 15ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into 100 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 60min, through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% etoh solvent (or propyl alcohol, acetone etc.) that can make polysaccharide precipitation in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 8.24%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 2
It is the hydrochloric acid of 0.01mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 15ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into 80 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 7h, through 2000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 2000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 6.35%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 3
It is the hydrochloric acid of 5.0mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 200ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into lixiviate under 1 ℃ of water-bath 800r/m stirring velocity, take out behind the lixiviate 60min, through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 2000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 9.16%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 4
It is the hydrochloric acid of 0.1mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 15ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into the lixiviate of 80 ℃ of water-bath 10000W ultrasonic wave, take out behind the lixiviate 60min, through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 11.84%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 5
It is the hydrochloric acid of 0.1mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 15ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into the lixiviate of 80 ℃ of water-bath 1000W microwaves, take out behind the lixiviate 1min, through 12000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 11.25%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 6
It is the hydrochloric acid of 0.1mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 10ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into 80 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 60min, through 15000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 15000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 8.04%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 7
It is the hydrochloric acid of 0.1mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 200ml concentration, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, in primary ammonium phosphate or its mixed solution, put into lixiviate under 80 ℃ of water-bath 800R/m stirring velocitys, take out behind the lixiviate 60min, through 15000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (example hydrochloric acid as extracting solution time yield be 9.25%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 8
It is the potassium hydroxide of 0.4mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 10ml concentration, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, in S-WAT or the sodium phytate, put into 100 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 90min, through 3000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 7.82%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 9
It is the potassium hydroxide of 0.4mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 200ml concentration, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, in S-WAT or the sodium phytate, put into 1 ℃ of water-bath lixiviate, take out behind the lixiviate 7h, through 2000r/m, 10 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol and acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 5.65%) more than 3%.
Embodiment 10
It is the potassium hydroxide of 0.01mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 35ml concentration, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, in S-WAT or the sodium phytate, put into 70 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 90min, through 15000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 15000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 6.45%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 11
It is the potassium hydroxide of 5mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 35ml concentration, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, in S-WAT or the sodium phytate, put into 70 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, take out behind the lixiviate 7h, through 2000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 15000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 7.85%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 12
It is the potassium hydroxide of 0.4mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 35ml concentration, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, in S-WAT or the sodium phytate, put into lixiviate under the effect of 70 ℃ of water-bath 10000W ultrasonic wave, take out behind the lixiviate 90min, through 15000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 10.48%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 13
It is the potassium hydroxide of 0.4mol/L that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 35ml concentration, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, in S-WAT or the sodium phytate, put into 50 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, make simultaneously under its microwave action that is in 1000W, take out behind the lixiviate 1min, through 3000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as sodium hydroxide as extracting solution time yield be 11.25%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 14
It is in 3% carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or the superoxol that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 30ml concentration, puts into lixiviate under 1 ℃ of water-bath 800r/m stirring velocity, takes out behind the lixiviate 7h, through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pours out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as acetate as extracting solution time yield be 5.25%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 15
It is in 0.01% carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or the superoxol that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 30ml concentration, puts into 100 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, takes out behind the lixiviate 3min, through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pours out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as acetate as extracting solution time yield be 3.58%) more than 3%.
Embodiment 16
It is in 100% the carboxylic acid solution that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 30ml concentration, puts into 40 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, takes out behind the lixiviate 3min, through 10000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pours out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as acetate as extracting solution time yield be 5.34%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 17
It is in 50% the carboxylic acid anhydride or superoxol that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 10ml concentration, puts into 40 ℃ of water-bath lixiviates, takes out behind the lixiviate 3min, through 2000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pours out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as diacetyl oxide as extracting solution time yield be 4.53%) more than 4%.
Embodiment 18
It is in 3% the carboxylic acid solution that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 30ml concentration, puts into the lixiviate of 100 ℃ of water-bath 1000W microwaves, takes out behind the lixiviate 1min, through 10000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pours out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as acetate as extracting solution time yield be 8.45%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 19
It is in 3% the carboxylic acid solution that the pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added 200ml concentration, puts into the lixiviate of 40 ℃ of water-bath 10000W ultrasonic wave, takes out behind the lixiviate 60min, through 15000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pours out supernatant liquor; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 15000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measuring under this condition polysaccharide yield through sulfuric acid-phynol method is (as acetate as extracting solution time yield be 10.23%) more than 5%.
Embodiment 20
The pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added in the 10ml water, put into 1 ℃ of water lixiviate, take out behind the lixiviate 7h,, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor through 2000r/m; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 volume ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 2000r/m, 1 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measure through sulfuric acid-phynol method that polysaccharide yield is 2.56% under this condition.
Embodiment 21
The pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added in the 200ml water, put into lixiviate under 100 ℃ of boiling water 800r/m stirring velocitys, take out behind the lixiviate 6h,, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor through 15000r/m; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor by 1: 3 volume ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 15000r/m, 40 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measure through sulfuric acid-phynol method that polysaccharide yield is 5.56% under this condition.
Embodiment 22
The pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added in the 30ml water, put into lixiviate under 100 ℃ of boiling water 1000W microwave actions, take out behind the lixiviate 1min,, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor through 15000r/m; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 15000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measure through sulfuric acid-phynol method that polysaccharide yield is 5.88% under this condition.
Embodiment 23
The pretreated peanut meal of 1g is added in the 30ml water, put into the lixiviate of 100 ℃ of boiling water 10000W ultrasonic wave, take out behind the lixiviate 30min,, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, pour out supernatant liquor through 10000r/m; Add 95% ethanol in supernatant liquor in 1: 3 ratio again, sealing is placed to precipitation fully; At last with ethanol sedimentation liquid through 12000r/m, 4 ℃, behind the centrifugal 15min, outwell top ethanol, with dehydrated alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing for several times, lyophilize promptly obtains Crude polysaccharides.Measure through sulfuric acid-phynol method that polysaccharide yield is 5.78% under this condition.

Claims (8)

1. polysaccharide that extracts from peanut meal is characterized in that adopting following steps to extract and get:
(1) gets the peanut meal raw material, by 1: 10-1: it is basic solution or the water that the strongly acidic solution of 0.01-5.0mol/L or weak acid that mass percent concentration is 0.01%-100% or concentration are 0.01-5.0mol/L that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds concentration as extracting solution, be that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-7 hours under the 0-800r/m condition at 1-100 ℃ with stirring velocity then, through the centrifugation post precipitation, obtain separating the solution of removing post precipitation;
(2) in the solution of centrifugation removal post precipitation, add the solvent that capacity can make polysaccharide precipitation at gained, polysaccharide is fully precipitated;
(3) precipitated liquid is carried out centrifugal or filtration treatment, remove solution and get throw out, with throw out for several times, be drying to obtain Crude polysaccharides with dehydrated alcohol, propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing.
2. the extracting method of the described polysaccharide that extracts from peanut meal of claim 1 is characterized in that adopting following concrete steps:
(1) gets the peanut meal raw material, by 1: 10-1: it is basic solution or the water that the strongly acidic solution of 0.01-5.0mol/L or weak acid that mass percent concentration is 0.01%-100% or concentration are 0.01-5.0mol/L that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds concentration as extracting solution, be that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-7 hours under the 0-800r/m condition at 1-100 ℃ with stirring velocity then, through the centrifugation post precipitation, obtain separating the solution of removing post precipitation;
(2) in the solution of centrifugation removal post precipitation, add the solvent that capacity can make polysaccharide precipitation at gained, polysaccharide is fully precipitated;
(3) precipitated liquid is carried out centrifugal or filtration treatment, remove solution and get throw out, with throw out for several times, be drying to obtain Crude polysaccharides with dehydrated alcohol, propyl alcohol or acetone repetitive scrubbing.
3. the method for from peanut meal, extracting polysaccharide according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: after in step (1), peanut meal being added extracting solution in the process of lixiviate, make under the effect of microwave of its ultrasonic wave that is in 0-10000W power or 0-1000W power.
4. the method for extracting polysaccharide from peanut meal according to claim 2 is characterized in that: preceding in step (1), and earlier the raw material peanut meal is carried out pre-treatment and remove impurity, the raw material peanut meal is carried out pre-treatment adopt following steps successively: pulverize, sieve, sherwood oil refluxes, and dries.
5. according to claim 2 or the 3 described methods of from peanut meal, extracting polysaccharide, it is characterized in that: the strongly acidic solution as extracting solution comprises hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, chloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, Hydrogen bromide, bromic acid, Periodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, sulfurous acid, boric acid, phytic acid, trichoroacetic acid(TCA), trifluoroacetic acid, sodium pyrosulfate, sal enixum, sodium hydrogen phosphate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate or their mixed solution, when extracting solution is strong acid, with peanut meal by 1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 10-1: 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is the strongly acidic solution of 0.01-5.0mol/L, is that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-7 hours under the 0-800r/m condition 1-100 ℃ and stirring velocity.
6. according to claim 2 or the 3 described methods of from peanut meal, extracting polysaccharide, it is characterized in that: the weak acid as extracting solution comprises carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride, hydrogen peroxide or their mixed solution, when extracting solution is weak acid, with pretreated peanut meal, by 1: 10-1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is the weak acid of 0.01%-100%, is that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-7 hours under the 0-800r/m condition at 1-100 ℃ with stirring velocity then.
7. according to claim 2 or the 3 described methods of from peanut meal, extracting polysaccharide, it is characterized in that: the basic solution as extracting solution comprises potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, sodium phytate or its mixed solution, extracting solution is a potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, amine, carboxylic acid sodium, carboxylic acid potassium, potassium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saleratus, salt of wormwood, saleratus, salt of wormwood, potassium sulfite, POTASSIUM PHYTATE, sodium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, saleratus, yellow soda ash, S-WAT, the mixed solution of sodium phytate or these alkali, when extracting solution is basic solution, with pretreated peanut meal, by 1: 10-1: the concentration that the solid-liquid ratio of 200g/ml adds as extracting solution is the alkali of 0.01-5.0mol/L, is that lixiviate is taken out after 1 minute-7 hours under the 0-800r/m condition at 1-100 ℃ with stirring velocity.
8. the method for extracting polysaccharide from peanut meal according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: used centrifugal condition is 2000-15000r/m, 1-40 ℃.
CNA2007100529369A 2007-08-13 2007-08-13 Oolysaccharide extracted from groundnut meal and extracting method thereof Pending CN101104647A (en)

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CN102199224A (en) * 2011-03-22 2011-09-28 华中农业大学 Method for producing peanut polysaccharides and peanut concentrated protein by using peanut meal
CN103130908A (en) * 2013-03-07 2013-06-05 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 Method for extracting peanut polysaccharide from cold pressed peanut cake
CN103387619A (en) * 2013-08-09 2013-11-13 青岛博研达工业技术研究所(普通合伙) Method for preparing peanut non-starch polysaccharides by utilizing hot-pressed peanut meal
CN103864954A (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-06-18 山东金胜粮油集团有限公司 Method for extracting peanut meal polysaccharide
CN104277132A (en) * 2013-07-08 2015-01-14 山东省高唐蓝山集团总公司 Method for extraction of peanut polysaccharide from low temperature peanut meal
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CN107236774A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-10-10 青岛大学 The peanut meal fermentation composition that a kind of anti-aging hypermnesia is recalled
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CN102199224A (en) * 2011-03-22 2011-09-28 华中农业大学 Method for producing peanut polysaccharides and peanut concentrated protein by using peanut meal
CN102199224B (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-07-04 华中农业大学 Method for producing peanut polysaccharides and peanut concentrated protein by using peanut meal
CN103130908A (en) * 2013-03-07 2013-06-05 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 Method for extracting peanut polysaccharide from cold pressed peanut cake
CN103130908B (en) * 2013-03-07 2015-06-10 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 Method for extracting peanut polysaccharide from cold pressed peanut cake
CN104277132A (en) * 2013-07-08 2015-01-14 山东省高唐蓝山集团总公司 Method for extraction of peanut polysaccharide from low temperature peanut meal
CN103387619A (en) * 2013-08-09 2013-11-13 青岛博研达工业技术研究所(普通合伙) Method for preparing peanut non-starch polysaccharides by utilizing hot-pressed peanut meal
CN103387619B (en) * 2013-08-09 2017-12-15 青岛博研达工业技术研究所(普通合伙) A kind of method that peanut SNSP is prepared using hot pressed peanut meal
CN103864954B (en) * 2014-04-09 2016-02-24 山东金胜粮油集团有限公司 A kind of extracting method of peanut meal polysaccharides
CN103864954A (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-06-18 山东金胜粮油集团有限公司 Method for extracting peanut meal polysaccharide
CN105175565A (en) * 2015-08-25 2015-12-23 于丽娜 Method for simultaneously producing black peanut proanthocyanidin and non-starch polysaccharide microcapsule
CN108208196A (en) * 2016-12-15 2018-06-29 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 Compositions of additives, fat or oil composition containing the composition and application thereof
CN108208196B (en) * 2016-12-15 2021-12-24 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 Additive composition, oil and fat composition containing same and application thereof
CN107236774A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-10-10 青岛大学 The peanut meal fermentation composition that a kind of anti-aging hypermnesia is recalled
CN107686526A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-02-13 南京仙草堂生物科技有限公司 A kind of extraction of dendrobium candidum root dendrobium polysaccharide and purifying process
CN112662462A (en) * 2019-11-17 2021-04-16 海南海燕梦科技有限公司 Preparation method of fragrant peanut oil
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