CN101240047B - 一种聚三溴苯乙烯的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种聚三溴苯乙烯的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92561—Time, e.g. start, termination, duration or interruption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92828—Raw material handling or dosing, e.g. active hopper or feeding device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92866—Inlet shaft or slot, e.g. passive hopper; Injector, e.g. injector nozzle on barrel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种聚三溴苯乙烯的制备方法,包含以下步骤:(1)向三溴苯乙烯中加入三溴苯乙烯质量的0.1%-4%的反应控制剂,加热至60-100℃搅拌均匀;(2)加入三溴苯乙烯质量的0.1%-5%的催化剂,在温度60-170℃条件下搅拌均匀制得预聚体;(3)把步骤(2)制得的预聚体导入挤出机,机身温度为160-270℃条件下,预聚体在其中停留1-30分钟挤出,降温凝固,粉碎,产物为片状固体聚三溴苯乙烯。该方法从三溴苯乙烯开始制备聚三溴苯乙烯,聚三溴苯乙烯具有恒定的溴含量;与混合的聚溴化苯乙烯相比,熔融温度可控;通过采用反应控制剂,能有效控制反应速度和分子量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种溴系高分子型阻燃剂,具体涉及到一种具有高溴含量、热稳定性优异的聚三溴苯乙烯的制备方法。
背景技术
聚三溴苯乙烯作为一种高分子型溴系阻燃剂,具有优异的热稳定性,可以作为尼龙6,尼龙66,PBT等工程塑料的阻燃剂。
国内对于该产品的研制主要集中于工艺相对简单的溴化聚苯乙烯的制备,采用了对聚苯乙烯溴化的工艺,但该产物容易在脂肪碳含有取代溴,耐高温性能和颜色较差。大连理工大学在申请号为200710010654.2,申请名称为聚溴化苯乙烯及其单体的制备方法的专利申请中提出了聚溴化苯乙烯的合成工艺,制备的产物为含有不同溴取代个数的溴化苯乙烯的混聚产物,为一溴苯乙烯、二溴苯乙烯和三溴苯乙烯的混聚产物,溴含量难以稳定控制,难以得到性质稳定的产品。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有稳定溴含量、高热稳定性的聚三溴苯乙烯的制备方法。
本发明采用包含以下步骤的制备方法来达到本发明的目的:
(1)向三溴苯乙烯中加入三溴苯乙烯质量的0.1%-4%的反应控制剂,加热至60-100℃搅拌均匀;然后
(2)加入三溴苯乙烯质量的0.1%-5%的催化剂,在温度60-170℃条件下搅拌均匀制得预聚体;
(3)把步骤(2)制得的预聚体导入挤出机,机身温度160-270℃条件下,预聚体在其中停留1-30分钟挤出,降温凝固,粉碎,制得结构式为
的聚三溴苯乙烯;
上述(1)中的反应控制剂包括二乙基羟胺、二苯基羟胺或2,2,6,6-四甲基氧化哌啶;(2)中的催化剂为过氧化物或偶氮化合物,包括过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯乙酰、偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二异戊腈或偶氮二异庚腈。
通过本发明所述方法制得的聚三溴苯乙烯,其分子量为15000-60000,玻璃化转变温度为157-165℃,溴含量大于70%。
本发明的效果和益处在于:从三溴苯乙烯开始制备聚三溴苯乙烯,聚三溴苯乙烯具有恒定的溴含量;与混合的聚溴化苯乙烯相比,熔融温度可控;通过采用反应控制剂,能有效控制反应速度和分子量。
附图说明
按本发明所述方法制得的聚三溴苯乙烯的有关理化性能指标如附图所示,其中:
图1为聚三溴苯乙烯的红外光谱图;
图2为按实施例3制得的三溴苯乙烯的分子量分布图;
图3为按实施例2制得的聚三溴苯乙烯的热失重谱图;
图4为按实施例2制得的聚三溴苯乙烯的玻璃化转变温度图。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例进一步说明本发明聚三溴苯乙烯的制备方法,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而对本发明没有限制。
实施例1
称取1000g三溴苯乙烯,加入反应控制剂二乙基羟胺5g,加热至70℃搅拌均匀,加入催化剂偶氮二异丁腈10g,在预聚反应釜中80℃条件下搅拌均匀,将预聚体导入挤出机,机身温度为160-270℃,物料在其中停留5分钟,挤出后,降温凝固,粉碎,产物分子量为16000,玻璃化转变温度158℃。
实施例2
称取1000g三溴苯乙烯,加入反应控制剂2,2,6,6-四甲基氧化哌啶自由基4g,加热至80℃搅拌均匀,加入5g过氧化苯甲酰催化剂,在预聚反应釜中110℃搅拌均匀,将预聚体导入挤出机,机身温度为160-270℃,物料在其中停留2分钟,挤出后,降温凝固,粉碎,产物分子量为20000,玻璃化转变温度159℃。
实施例3
称取1000g三溴苯乙烯,加入反应控制剂2,2,6,6-四甲基氧化哌啶自由基3g,加热至80℃搅拌均匀,加入催化剂偶氮二异戊腈3g,在预聚反应釜中120℃搅拌均匀,将预聚体导入挤出机,机身温度为160-270℃,物料在其中停留5分钟,挤出后,降温凝固,粉碎,产物分子量为36000,玻璃化转变温度159℃。
实例4
称取1000g三溴苯乙烯,加入反应控制剂二苯基羟胺1g,加热至70℃搅拌均匀,加入催化剂偶氮二异戊腈10g,在预聚反应釜中120℃搅拌均匀,将预聚体导入挤出机,机身温度为160-270℃,物料在其中停留25分钟,挤出后,降温凝固,粉碎,产物分子量为60000,玻璃化转变温度165℃。
实施例5
称取1000g三溴苯乙烯,加入反应控制剂2,2,6,6-四甲基氧化哌啶2g,加热至65℃搅拌均匀,加入催化剂偶氮二异戊腈3g,在预聚反应釜中140℃搅拌均匀,保持温度30分钟,将预聚体导入挤出机,机身温度为160-270℃,物料在其中停留10分钟,挤出后,降温凝固,粉碎,产物分子量为42000,玻璃化转变温度159℃。
实施例6
称取1000g三溴苯乙烯,加入反应控制剂二苯基羟胺2g,加热至70℃搅拌均匀,加入催化剂偶氮二异庚腈10g,在预聚反应釜中75℃搅拌均匀,并逐渐升温至150℃,将预聚体导入挤出机,机身温度为160-270℃,物料在其中停留13分钟,挤出后,降温凝固,粉碎,产物分子量为48000,玻璃化转变温度163℃。
实施例7
称取1000g三溴苯乙烯,加入反应控制剂2,2,6,6-四甲基氧化哌啶15g,加热至65℃搅拌均匀,加入10g过氧化苯甲酰催化剂,在预聚反应釜中90℃搅拌均匀,将预聚体导入挤出机,机身温度为160-270℃,物料在其中停留25分钟,挤出后,降温凝固,粉碎,产物分子量为54000,玻璃化转变温度164℃。
实施例1-7制得的聚三溴苯乙烯的理化性能指标参数见下表。
聚三溴苯乙烯的理化性能指标参数表
聚三溴苯乙烯中的外观是通过目测法测定;
溴含量通过用氧瓶燃烧法测定;
玻璃化转化温度是通过自动熔点测定仪测定;
分子量是通过凝胶色谱法测定分子量大小及分子量分布。
Claims (1)
1.一种聚三溴苯乙烯的制备方法,其特征在于:该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)向三溴苯乙烯中加入三溴苯乙烯质量的0.1%-4%的反应控制剂,加热至60-100℃搅拌均匀;然后
(2)加入三溴苯乙烯质量的0.1%-5%的催化剂,在温度60-170℃条件下搅拌均匀制得预聚体;
(3)把步骤(2)制得的预聚体导入挤出机,机身温度160-270℃条件下,预聚体在其中停留1-30分钟挤出,降温凝固,粉碎,制得结构式为
的聚三溴苯乙烯,其分子量为15000-60000;
上述(1)中的反应控制剂为二苯基羟胺或2,2,6,6一四甲基氧化哌啶;(2)中催化剂为过氧化物或偶氮化合物,包括过氧化苯乙酰、偶氮二异戊腈或偶氮二异庚腈。
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EP0291950A1 (en) * | 1987-05-20 | 1988-11-23 | Ge Chemicals, Inc. | Process and composition for stabilization of ar-brominated styrenic monomer against premature polymerization |
US5304618A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1994-04-19 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Polymers of brominated styrene |
EP0592858A1 (en) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-04-20 | Teijin Chemicals, Ltd. | Process for preparation of brominated styrene polymer particles |
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EP0291950A1 (en) * | 1987-05-20 | 1988-11-23 | Ge Chemicals, Inc. | Process and composition for stabilization of ar-brominated styrenic monomer against premature polymerization |
EP0592858A1 (en) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-04-20 | Teijin Chemicals, Ltd. | Process for preparation of brominated styrene polymer particles |
US5304618A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1994-04-19 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Polymers of brominated styrene |
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