CN101238850B - Feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab - Google Patents
Feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab Download PDFInfo
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- CN101238850B CN101238850B CN2008100244161A CN200810024416A CN101238850B CN 101238850 B CN101238850 B CN 101238850B CN 2008100244161 A CN2008100244161 A CN 2008100244161A CN 200810024416 A CN200810024416 A CN 200810024416A CN 101238850 B CN101238850 B CN 101238850B
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- crab
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention provides an additive for suppressing juvenile crab early maturity, including: VC phosphate, taurine, humic acid sodium, cholesterol, premix for crab, wheat-middlings, the components are as follows: 2-3 parts by weight of VC phosphate; 2-3 parts by weight of taurine; 3-4 parts by weight of humic acid sodium; 2-3 parts by weight of cholesterol; 18-22 parts by weight of premix for crab; 5-15 parts by weight of wheat-middlings. The invention optimizes feeding of suppressing juvenile crab from the point of improving the juvenile crab physiology, and is a feed additive containing juvenile crab early maturity suppressing factor, and has the functions of improving growth and suppressing juvenile crab early maturity, the good effects are as follows: 1) juvenile crab early maturity rate is reduced significantly, from the 18-25% before treatment to 5-8% after treatment; 2) the survival rate of the juvenile crab is improved from 12% to 15-20%; 3) the feed usage amount is reduced, the feed coefficient is reduced from 3.2 before adding to 2.4-2.6 after adding, the cultivation cost is reduced; 4) because the juvenile crab early maturity rate is reduced, the elimination rate is reduced, the average output of juvenile crab per mu is increased from 90-100kg to 125-140kg.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the feed additive of aquaculture industry technical field,, be specially a kind of feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab for a kind of crab class feed addictive.
Background technology
The pond culture river crab will be formed through 2 years, juvenile crab was formed young crab in 1 year, i.e. crab kind was formed into crab, i.e. commodity crab listing with young crab in 1 year.The sex premature individuality that significant proportion in young crab cultivating process, can occur, cause young crab specification greatly different in size, the young crab of sex premature also can mortality in inferior year's harvest crab breeding process, therefore the young crab of all sex prematures can not be used as the crab kind without exception, eliminated by merciless, bring the great economic loss and the wasting of resources.Generally speaking, reach 140 young crab 100-125kg with interior/kg specification requirement by every mu of production and calculate, wherein have 20-30kg or more precocious crab to be eliminated approximately, the neoteny of young crab ratio reaches 18-25%.According to incompletely statistics, Gaochun, Jiangsu and surrounding area have 50,000 mu of crab kind cultivation bases approximately, the precocious crab that will eliminate every year between 125-150 ten thousand kg, the more than one hundred million units of economic loss.
The existing measure that prevents neoteny of young crab mainly contains to be optimized breeding environment and add two kinds of the precocious additives of inhibition in feed, and the ratio of neoteny of young crab can drop to 5-8%, and this ratio still remains to be reduced.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is: the neoteny of young crab individuality that occurs in the culture of Chinese mitten crab causes very big loss to culture of Chinese mitten crab, and existing inhibition neoteny of young crab measure effect is not ideal enough.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab, comprise the VC phosphate, and taurine, sodium humate, cholesterol, crab is used premix, inferior powder, each weight ratio of constituents is: VC phosphoric acid fat 2-3 part; Taurine 2-3 part; Sodium humate 3-4 part; Cholesterol 2-3 part; Crab is used premix 18-22 part; Inferior powder 5-15 part.
Optimization formula of the present invention is: the VC phosphate, and taurine, sodium humate, cholesterol, crab is used premix, and each weight ratio of constituents of inferior powder is: 2 parts in VC phosphoric acid fat; 2 parts of taurines; 3 parts of sodium humates; 2 parts in cholesterol; Crab is used 20 parts of premixes; 11 parts in inferior powder.
When additive of the present invention uses, mix as young crab feed with mixed bait, its weight ratio is additive 1-2 part, mixed bait 23-25 part, 1 part of preferable additives, 24 parts of mixed baits.
The present invention suppresses neoteny of young crab by nutrition regulation, and the neoteny of young crab factor is not a monofactor, therefore several nutritious matter or physiological activator will be arranged through reasonable combination, and cooperating different bait to use by growth phase just has remarkable result.The VC phosphate is widely used in guaranteeing the needs of animal growth in the various forms of feeds, strengthens the immunity function of animal, reduces disease, improves survival rate and weightening finish; Taurine can improve the effect of ingesting of bait as the existing report of aquatic products food calling additive, and the balance of the trace element of the comprehensive nutrient of regulating bait is had good action; Sodium humate is a kind of nutriment that has than Johnson ﹠ Johnson's reason activity, and with its good stable, definite disease-resistant, short digestion, the effect of raising production performance are familiar with by people and are accepted; Cholesterol has significant regulating action to growing of shellfish; Crab is used premix and the base-material of time powder as additive.
The present invention optimizes the raising of young crab from the angle of improving young crab nutrition physiology, it is a kind of feed addictive that suppresses the neoteny of young crab factor that contains, have growth promotion and the function that suppresses neoteny of young crab, its beneficial effect has: 1) precocious young crab proportion significantly reduces, and the 18-25% before be untreated reduces to the 5-8% after the processing; 2) the juvenile crab survival rate of breeding young crab is brought up to 15%-20% by 12%; 3) can reduce the feed use amount, feed coefficient is 3.2 before interpolation, reduces to 2.4-2.6 after the interpolation, has reduced aquaculture cost; 4) owing to the sex premature ratio reduces, the also corresponding reduction of mortality, young crab per mu yield is brought up to 125-140kg by 90-100kg.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment additive of the present invention is described.
Embodiment 1
VC phosphoric acid fat 3kg; Taurine 3kg; Sodium humate 4kg; Cholesterol 3kg; Crab is used premix 22kg; Inferior powder 15kg.Earlier 3kg powder dropped in the mixer, add above-mentioned feed addictive composition except that inferior powder from big to small one by one by consumption again, drop into remainder gradation powder at last, start mixer, mix 15min, mixture homogeneity CV≤5% makes feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab, and composition metering accuracy error is less than ± 0.5% during preparation.
Embodiment 2
VC phosphoric acid fat 2kg; Taurine 2kg; Sodium humate 3kg; Cholesterol 2kg; Crab is used premix 18kg; Inferior powder 5kg.Earlier 2kg powder dropped in the mixer, press consumption more from big to small, add the above-mentioned feed addictive composition except that inferior powder one by one, drop into remainder gradation powder at last, start mixer, mix 15min, mixture homogeneity CV≤5%, make feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab, composition metering accuracy error is less than ± 0.5% during preparation.
Embodiment 3
VC phosphoric acid fat 2kg; Taurine 2kg; Sodium humate 3kg; Cholesterol 2kg; Crab is used premix 20kg; Inferior powder 11kg; Add up to 40kg.Earlier 7kg powder dropped in the mixer, add above-mentioned feed addictive composition except that inferior powder from big to small one by one by consumption again, drop into remainder gradation powder at last, start mixer, mix 15min, mixture homogeneity CV≤5% makes feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab, and composition metering accuracy error is less than ± 0.5% during preparation.
In young crab was cultured, additive of the present invention and mixed bait mixed preparing got young crab feed, and mixed method belongs to known method, no longer described in detail.Different growth phase mixed baits are different, mainly are that of animal or plant nature bait proportion will change to some extent.General in the feed of throwing in, additive 1-2 part of the present invention, mixed bait 23-25 part, 1 part of preferable additives, 24 parts of mixed baits.
Embodiment 4
Prepare young crab feed with additive of the present invention and mixed bait, mixed bait comprises steam fish meal (import), cuttlefish cream, shrimp med, brewer's yeast, fish oil, soybean lecithin oil, big dregs of beans, peanut cake, the dish dregs of rice, flour, calcium dihydrogen phosphate etc.
The opening phase, after promptly juvenile crab is put kind 1st month, feed formula was as follows: flour 20kg, big dregs of beans 5kg, dish dregs of rice 1.5kg; Peanut cake 18kg; Brewer's yeast 4kg; Shrimp med 5kg; Cuttlefish cream 3kg; Steam fish meal 35kg; Soybean lecithin oil 1.5kg; Fish oil 1kg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg; Feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab 4kg; Add up to 100kg.
More than 1 month in 3 months, reduce the amount of animal bait after putting kind, feed formula is as follows: flour 22kg, big dregs of beans 14.5kg; Dish dregs of rice 3kg; Peanut cake 15kg; Brewer's yeast 5kg; Shrimp med 4kg; Cuttlefish cream 3kg; Steam fish meal 25kg; Soybean lecithin oil 1.5kg; Fish oil 1kg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg; Feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab 4kg; Add up to 100kg.
Put and plant after 3 months, further reduce in this stage and use the animal protein raw material, feed formula is as follows: flour 22kg, big dregs of beans 25kg; Dish dregs of rice 5kg; Peanut cake 11kg; Brewer's yeast 6kg; Shrimp med 3kg; Cuttlefish cream 2kg; Steam fish meal 18kg; Soybean lecithin oil 1kg; Fish oil 1kg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg; Feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab 4kg; Add up to 100kg.
During each stage children crab feed preparation, raw material carries out ultramicro grinding, the finished product powder of mixing, 80 order analyses sieve percent of pass 92-95%, incorporation time 3min, mixture homogeneity CV≤7%; The consumption of each composition of mixed bait can change in ± 1%, and each composition of bait should conform to quality requirements, and color and luster and quality should be consistent, and nothing is lumpd, fermented, goes mouldy and peculiar smell is different smells; The finished product powder of mixing is granulated, and refining temperature 80-95 ℃, the length-to-diameter of feed granules is 1: 1-3: 1; Carry out post curing again, feed is handled 25-30min in 100-105 ℃ stabilizer; Obtain young crab feed at last.
The genus known method is spread in the throwing of feed, no longer describes in detail, young crab is inspected by random samples in 8th month after putting kind to juvenile crab, and precocious individual ratio is suppressed at 5-8%.
Embodiment 5
The opening phase, the last promptly putting kind 1st month, mixed bait comprised steam fish meal (import), cuttlefish cream, vinasse protein feed DDGS, digested tankage, brewer's yeast, fish oil, big dregs of beans, cotton dregs, corn protein powder, flour, globulin powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate etc.Feed formula is: flour 20kg; Vinasse protein feed DDGS 4kg; Big dregs of beans 21.2kg; Cotton dregs 5kg; Corn protein powder 3.8kg; Digested tankage 5kg; Cuttlefish cream 3kg; Fish meal 28kg; Globulin powder 3kg; Fish oil 1.5kg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg; Additive 3.5kg; Add up to 100kg.
More than 1 month in 3 months, reduce the amount of animal bait after putting kind, no longer add globulin powder and fish oil, corn protein powder is changed to the dish dregs of rice, and increases soybean lecithin oil, and feed formula is: flour 20kg; Vinasse protein feed DDGS5kg; Big dregs of beans 22kg; Cotton dregs 5.5kg; Dish dregs of rice 5.3kg; Cuttlefish cream 2kg; Fish meal 22.7kg; Digested tankage 10kg; Soybean lecithin oil 1.5kg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg; Additive 4kg; Add up to 100kg.
Put and plant after 3 months, further reduce animal protein raw material consumption in this stage, increase the amount of vegetal bait, increase rice bran in prescription bait on last stage, feed formula is as follows: flour 20kg; Vinasse protein feed DDGS 5kg; Big dregs of beans 25kg; Cotton dregs 7kg; Dish dregs of rice 5.6kg; Digested tankage 7kg; Cuttlefish cream 2kg; Fish meal 17kg; Soybean lecithin oil 1kg; Rice bran 4.2kg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg; Additive 4.2kg; Add up to 100kg.
During each stage children crab feed preparation, raw material carries out ultramicro grinding, the finished product powder of mixing, 80 order analyses sieve percent of pass 92-95%, incorporation time 3min, mixture homogeneity CV≤7%; The consumption of each composition of mixed bait can change in ± 1%, and each composition of bait should conform to quality requirements, and color and luster and quality should be consistent, and nothing is lumpd, fermented, goes mouldy and peculiar smell is different smells; The finished product powder of mixing is granulated, and refining temperature 80-95 ℃, the length-to-diameter of feed granules is 1: 1-3: 1; Carry out post curing again, feed is handled 25-30min in 100-105 ℃ stabilizer; Obtain young crab feed at last.
The genus known method is spread in the throwing of feed, no longer describes in detail, by 8th month young crab is inspected by random samples, and precocious individual ratio is suppressed at 5-8%.
Claims (4)
1. feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab is characterized in that comprising the VC phosphate, taurine, and sodium humate, cholesterol, crab is used premix, inferior powder, each weight ratio of constituents is: VC phosphoric acid fat 2-3 part; Taurine 2-3 part; Sodium humate 3-4 part; Cholesterol 2-3 part; Crab is used premix 18-22 part; Inferior powder 5-15 part.
2. feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab according to claim 1 is characterized in that the VC phosphate, taurine, and sodium humate, cholesterol, crab is used premix, and each weight ratio of constituents of inferior powder is: 2 parts in VC phosphoric acid fat; 2 parts of taurines; 3 parts of sodium humates; 2 parts in cholesterol; Crab is used 20 parts of premixes; 11 parts in inferior powder.
3. feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that additive and mixed bait mixed young crab feed, its weight ratio is additive 1-2 part, mixed bait 23-25 part.
4. feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab according to claim 3 is characterized in that additive and mixed bait weight ratio are in the young crab feed: 1 part of additive, 24 parts of mixed baits.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100244161A CN101238850B (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2008-03-21 | Feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100244161A CN101238850B (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2008-03-21 | Feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101238850A CN101238850A (en) | 2008-08-13 |
| CN101238850B true CN101238850B (en) | 2010-12-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2008100244161A Expired - Fee Related CN101238850B (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2008-03-21 | Feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103504171A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-15 | 丹阳市正大油脂有限公司 | Juvenile crab feed |
| CN105830974B (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2018-06-26 | 华中师范大学 | A kind of cultural method for preventing Procambius clarkii sex premature |
| CN105935110A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-09-14 | 许成江 | Feed of juvenile portunus trituberculatus and preparation method thereof |
| CN109156666A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-08 | 天门海大饲料有限公司 | A kind of mixed feed and preparation method thereof preventing Juvenile Crab Eriocheir sinensis sex premature |
| CN116268202A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-06-23 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Amino acid feed additive for reducing sexual precocity rate of eriocheir sinensis and preparation and application thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062643A (en) * | 1992-01-28 | 1992-07-15 | 张忠尧 | Feed addictive |
| CN1284286A (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2001-02-21 | 国家粮食储备局谷物油脂化学研究所 | Humic acid biological feed additive and its production process |
| DE10203568A1 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-08-07 | Gimborn Gmbh H Von | Feedstuff for domestic pets, contains cocoa with reduced methylxanthine (especially theobromine) content to give chocolate suited to animal consumption |
-
2008
- 2008-03-21 CN CN2008100244161A patent/CN101238850B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062643A (en) * | 1992-01-28 | 1992-07-15 | 张忠尧 | Feed addictive |
| CN1284286A (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2001-02-21 | 国家粮食储备局谷物油脂化学研究所 | Humic acid biological feed additive and its production process |
| DE10203568A1 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-08-07 | Gimborn Gmbh H Von | Feedstuff for domestic pets, contains cocoa with reduced methylxanthine (especially theobromine) content to give chocolate suited to animal consumption |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 何天培等.牛磺酸对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响及其作用机制的研究.《吉林农业大学学报》.1995,第17卷(第2期),68-73. * |
| 李建华等.牛磺酸的生理功能及其在畜禽饲料中的应用进展.《安徽农业科学》.2007,第35卷(第15期),4540-4541. * |
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Application publication date: 20080813 Assignee: Nanjing shuaifeng fisheries cooperatives Assignor: Nanjing Shuaifeng Feed Co., Ltd. Contract record no.: 2012320001007 Denomination of invention: Feed additive for inhibiting neoteny of young crab Granted publication date: 20101222 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20121120 |
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Assignee: Nanjing shuaifeng fisheries cooperatives Assignor: Nanjing Shuaifeng Feed Co., Ltd. Contract record no.: 2012320001007 Date of cancellation: 20180423 |
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