CN101236070A - Cylinder diameter and form and position error integrated measuring apparatus - Google Patents
Cylinder diameter and form and position error integrated measuring apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101236070A CN101236070A CNA2008100493003A CN200810049300A CN101236070A CN 101236070 A CN101236070 A CN 101236070A CN A2008100493003 A CNA2008100493003 A CN A2008100493003A CN 200810049300 A CN200810049300 A CN 200810049300A CN 101236070 A CN101236070 A CN 101236070A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a general measuring instrument for the diameter and the shape-and-position errors of a cylinder, which is formed by an X movable shaft, a Z movable shaft and an ultra-precise turning table shaft. The invention can satisfy the measuring requirement of global size, calculating size, shape error, position error, conicity, non-spherical surface characteristic parameter, non-spherical surface profile tolerance and the like of the cylinder. The natural granite is employed as the material of a base of a measuring apparatus, a beam, an upright post and the Z shaft, a gantry-type supporting structure are combined by the beam and the upright post, the X shaft and the Z shaft are all equipped with a ultra-precise measuring system for a grating displacement, wherein the grating scale and the like of the ultra-precise measuring system are combined into a closed loop. The general measuring instrument not only satisfies the high-accuracy measuring of the roundness and cylindricity, but also employs the advantage of the cylindrical coordinate of the high-accuracy cylindricity instrument in measuring accuracy degree to measure relative sizes, shapes and positions of some ultra-precise parts, thereby not only solving the problem of the ultra-precise accuracy degree measuring of the relative shape, position and size of some ultra-precise parts, but also adds a key measuring means for precise and ultra-precise processing technique scene.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to precision measurement and field of measuring techniques, relate in particular to a kind of cylinder diameter and morpheme error integrated measuring apparatus.
Background technology
How much product technology standard (Dimensional and Geometrical Product Specification, be called for short GPS) be the important foundation standard of machinery manufacturing industry, for cylindrical part, its size, morpheme sum of errors surfaceness etc. are to performance (comprising usability and the life-span) important influence of product.Therefore, since the end of the seventies, on the international standard basis of ISO (International Standards Organization) correlation technique council issue, a series of international standards have been formulated, i.e. first generation GPS standard.The subject matter that first generation GPS standard exists is that the standard of drawing technology is imperfect, the basic theory disunity of design, manufacturing and test stone, there is not common technical language between design, manufacturing and the metering slip-stick artist, can't link up effectively, its main cause is independently technical committee's effective coordination and cooperation of shortage in formulating relevant GPS standard such as ISO/TC3 (limits and fits, dimensional tolerence and coherent detection), TC10/SC5 (geometric tolerances and coherent detection) and the TC57 (superficial makings and coherent detection) of ISO (International Standards Organization).First generation GPS standard all is based upon on the geometry meaning, and its consequence has caused the average unit cost increase of product to account for 20% of producing cost.The needs of product quality and further raising of production efficiency and the further modern production that reduces of production cost have not been fitted into along with the first generation GPS standard that improves constantly of production technology and technological level, therefore, ISO (International Standards Organization) merged ISO/TC3, ISO/TC57 and three technical committees of ISO/TC10/SC5 in 1996, set up ISO/TC213 technical committee, be responsible for the difficult system work of the international mark of new generation of GPS comprehensively by this council.
New generation GPS standard is to be the basic language structure with mathematics, with metering mathematics is foundation, provide the mathematical method of the transmission of quantity value between product function, technical manual, manufacturing and the metering, the designer is had higher requirement, require the designer in design process, not only can provide reasonable parameter to size, morpheme and the surfaceness etc. of product parts, and understand corresponding the measurement and assessment method according to the functional requirement of part.
Definition according to the various profiles of new generation GPS standard defined, existing surveying instrument has been proposed challenge, although can measurement size and morpheme error with profile measurer, because it is not the specialized equipment that profile errors is measured, the relatively low demand that can not satisfy each association area of its measuring accuracy.
According among the ISO/DIS14405 to the definition and the measurement requirement thereof of cylinder dimensions, have only three coordinate measuring machine can realize measurement at present to the cylinder diameter size, but the measuring point of three coordinate measuring machine is less, leakiness is adopted unique point, cause the measurement distortion, and efficiency of measurement is low, can not be as the multimeter of measuring cylinder diameter.Though have the roundness measuring equipment and the cylindricity instrument of comparative maturity on the market now, and adopted the measuring method of accurate cylindrical coordinates formula, just be used for measuring the morpheme error of cylindrical workpiece, can not satisfy the requirement of ISO/DIS14405.The enforcement of new generation GPS standard is the important behave of manufacture level lifting in the world, also is the important step that each association area manufacturing capacity of China promotes.For guaranteeing the smooth implementation of new generation GPS standard in China, guarantee that the profile measurement problem water conservancy in the relevant manufacturing field of country solves, cylinder diameter and morpheme error integrated measuring apparatus that development is suitable for are necessary.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and a kind of high precision cylinder diameter and morpheme error integrated measuring apparatus be provided, realize cylinder diameter overall situation size is promptly comprised the least square diameter, minimum external diameter and imperial palace connects diameter and driven dimension promptly comprises the girth diameter, area diameter and volume diameter, shape error promptly comprises circularity, cylindricity, plain line linearity, axis verticality and flatness), site error promptly comprises right alignment, verticality in the face of axis, the verticality on axis opposite, end surface full jumping and radially total run-out, tapering, aspheric surface characteristic parameter and aspheric surface facial contour degree etc. are measured the detection of project.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The present invention includes base, be installed in the column on the base, be installed in the crossbeam on the column, on crossbeam, be pasted with the grating chi, on four sides, front and back up and down of crossbeam, the air supporting piece is installed, the air supporting piece is connected with back up pad by screw thread, on back up pad, be installed with the Z axle back-up block vertical with base, on Z axle back-up block top servomotor is installed, servomotor is connected with synchronous pulley by synchronous band, synchronous pulley is connected with active friction wheel is coaxial, friction lever in active friction wheel and driven friction pulley clamping, friction lever and Z axle are rigidly connected, and the Z axle is connected with support by cylinder rod, and support is fixed on the Z axle back-up block, Z axle back-up block inside is equipped with four air supporting pieces, the Z axle in the clamping of four air supporting pieces, is pasted with ultraprecise grating chi on the side of Z axle
Right-hand member at crossbeam is equipped with servomotor, and servomotor is connected with synchronous pulley by synchronous band, and synchronous pulley is connected with synchronous pulley by synchronous band, and band is connected with Z axle back-up block synchronously,
In base inside the turntable seat is installed, the turntable seat is connected by wringing fit with the transmission shafts bearing, transmission shafts bearing inside is equipped with spacer and I bearing, the II bearing, the I bearing, II bearing and transmission shaft are connected, the transmission shaft bottom is equipped with synchronous pulley, synchronous pulley is connected with servomotor by synchronous band, servomotor is fixed on the Connection Block, Connection Block is connected with the turntable seat, the Connection Block left end is equipped with angular encoder, and the angular encoder bottom is equipped with synchronous pulley, and synchronous pulley is connected with synchronous pulley by synchronous band, synchronous pulley is connected with transmission shaft
Connection Block is fixed on transmission shaft upper end, and Connection Block is connected with air-bearing shafts by pin, and end cap is connected with terminal pad by screw, and terminal pad is connected with terminal pad by screw, terminal pad by screw retention on the turntable seat.
Base, column, crossbeam, Z axle adopt the natural granite material.The Z axle is the rectangle column.Column and the crossbeam that is installed on the column are formed the planer-type supporting structure.
The present invention not only satisfy among the ISO/DIS14405 to cylinder diameter overall situation size and driven dimension, shape error (cylindricity, circularity, flatness, plain line linearity, axis verticality), site error, tapering, the problems of measurement of absolute distance, huge impetus is played in the popularization and the application of new generation GPS standard.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system architecture side view of embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the system architecture front view of embodiments of the invention
Fig. 3 is A-A in the embodiments of the invention, B-B, C-C sectional view.
Embodiment
The present invention is a kind of cylinder diameter and morpheme error synthesis measuring machine (instrument) that can satisfy measurement requirement such as right cylinder overall situation size, driven dimension, shape error, site error, tapering, aspheric surface characteristic parameter and aspheric surface facial contour degree of design, comprises following link:
1, the material of the base of cylinder diameter and morpheme error synthesis measuring machine (instrument), crossbeam, column, Z axle adopts natural granite.
2, as shown in Figure 1, two columns and crossbeam are formed the planer-type measurement structure of cylinder diameter and morpheme error synthesis measuring machine (instrument), the Z axle links to each other with crossbeam by four air supporting pieces, and can move freely to realize moving of directions X along crossbeam under the supporting of four air supporting pieces.By four air supporting piece supportings, promptly air-float guide rail can guarantee stationarity and plain line linearity thereof that the Z axle moves to Z axle itself too.
3, the motion of Z axle is achieved in that as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, servomotor is by the active friction wheel of band drive synchronously, friction lever is by active friction wheel and driven friction pulley clamping, active and driven friction pulley are by rigidity friction-driven friction lever, for being rigidly connected, friction lever and Z axle are synchronized with the movement like this between friction lever and the Z axle.The Z shape shaft is a rectangular parallelepiped, disposes four air supporting pieces on its four sidewalls, in Z axle motion process, has meagre air film between air supporting piece and its sidewall, can guarantee the motion straightness of Z axle, improves robust motion, reduces the friction force in the motion greatly; The motion through ship 29 of while Z axle, synchronous pulley 29 is by being with 30 to be connected with servomotor 31 synchronously, servomotor 31 is fixed on the Connection Block 32, Connection Block 32 is connected with turntable seat 23, Connection Block 32 left ends are equipped with angular encoder 33, angular encoder 33 bottoms are equipped with synchronous pulley 34, synchronous pulley 34 is by being with 35 to be connected with synchronous pulley 36 synchronously, synchronous pulley 36 is connected with transmission shaft 28, Connection Block 37 is fixed on transmission shaft 28 upper ends, Connection Block 37 is connected with air-bearing shafts 39 by pin 38, end cap 40 is connected with terminal pad 41 by screw, terminal pad 41 is connected with terminal pad 42 by screw, terminal pad 42 by screw retention on turntable seat 23.Base 1, column 2, crossbeam 3, Z axle 14 adopt the natural granite material.Z axle 14 is the rectangle column.Column 2 and the crossbeam 3 that is installed on the column 2 are formed the planer-type supporting structure.
Technical thought of the present invention is to adopt natural granite as measuring instrument base, crossbeam, column, Z shaft material, makes measuring instrument have long precision stability, realizes high-precision measurement; The measuring system of measured X axle, Z axle all adopts the ultraprecise grating displacement measuring system; All kinematic axiss all adopt the gas-static support pattern, guarantee the high precision of guide rail.
1, the measuring instrument gauge head is high precision inductance sensor contact gauge head.
2, X is 0.1 μ m to, Z to grating sensor resolution, and for easy for installation, the grating chi adopts bonding method to install.
3, measuring instrument configuration turntable module adopts gas static pressure bearing, and to guarantee desired running accuracy, in rotary drive system, the setting angle scrambler is to guarantee equiangular sampling.
4, adopt the planer-type supporting construction to guarantee the precision and the stability of X-axis.X, Z guide rail and measuring machine main shaft all adopt the ultra-precise gas static-pressure system, to guarantee that X is to the straight line precision that moves to gauge head with Z.
5, the X of inductance sensor to Z to moving by driven by servomotor, have manually and two kinds of control modes of computing machine.
The present invention is a kind of cylinder diameter and morpheme error synthesis measuring machine (instrument) that can satisfy measurement requirement such as right cylinder overall situation size, driven dimension, shape error, site error, tapering, aspheric surface characteristic parameter and aspheric surface facial contour degree of design, comprises following link:
1, the material of the base of cylinder diameter and morpheme error synthesis measuring machine (instrument), crossbeam, column, Z axle adopts natural granite.
2, as shown in Figure 1, two columns and crossbeam are formed the planer-type measurement structure of cylinder diameter and morpheme error synthesis measuring machine (instrument), the Z axle links to each other with crossbeam by four air supporting pieces, and can move freely to realize moving of directions X along crossbeam under the supporting of four air supporting pieces.By four air supporting piece supportings, promptly air-float guide rail can guarantee stationarity and plain line linearity thereof that the Z axle moves to Z axle itself too.
3, the motion of Z axle is achieved in that as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, servomotor is by the active friction wheel of band drive synchronously, friction lever is by active friction wheel and driven friction pulley clamping, active and driven friction pulley are by rigidity friction-driven friction lever, for being rigidly connected, friction lever and Z axle are synchronized with the movement like this between friction lever and the Z axle.The Z shape shaft is a rectangular parallelepiped, disposes four air supporting pieces on its four sidewalls, in Z axle motion process, has meagre air film between air supporting piece and its sidewall, can guarantee the motion straightness of Z axle, improves robust motion, reduces the friction force in the motion greatly; The motion straightness adjustment of Z axle simultaneously also can realize by the gap of regulating air supporting piece and sidewall.For further guaranteeing linearity and the stationarity thereof of Z, also disposed Z to cylinder guidance mechanism to motion.
4, on crossbeam and Z axle, all be pasted with the grating chi that resolution reaches 0.1 μ m, form ultraprecise optical grid line displacement measuring system and make the closed-loop measuring feedback system, to detect the moving displacement of X-axis and Z axle, realize the requirement of two high linearitys of linear motion axis of X, Z, minimum little feeding.Wherein the control mode of quantitatively advancing of Z axle is: before the Z axle moves, read the current displacement of Z axle by the grating chi; When the Z axle was mobile, grating read the displacement increment of Z axle, and when stroke that displacement increment equals to set, computing machine can make the servomotor stall, finishes quantitatively advancing of Z axle.
5, main axle structure is high-accuracy air floating structure, both can guarantee high precision, can improve its load-bearing capacity again.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of cylinder diameter and morpheme error integrated measuring apparatus comprise base (1), are installed in column (2) on the base (1), are installed in the crossbeam (3) on the column (2), it is characterized in that:
On crossbeam (3), be pasted with grating chi (4), on four sides, front and back up and down of crossbeam (3), air supporting piece (5) is installed, air supporting piece (5) is connected with back up pad (6) by screw thread, on back up pad (6), be installed with the Z axle back-up block (7) vertical with base (1), on Z axle back-up block (7) top servomotor (8) is installed, servomotor (8) is connected with synchronous pulley (10) by being with (9) synchronously, synchronous pulley (10) and coaxial connection of active friction wheel (11), friction lever (13) in active friction wheel (11) and driven friction pulley (12) clamping, friction lever (13) is rigidly connected with Z axle (14), Z axle (14) is connected with support (16) by cylinder rod (15), support (16) is fixed on the Z axle back-up block (7), Z axle back-up block (7) inside is equipped with four air supporting pieces (17), Z axle (14) in four air supporting pieces (17) clamping, on the side of Z axle (14), be pasted with ultraprecise grating chi (43)
Right-hand member at crossbeam (3) is equipped with servomotor (18), servomotor (18) is connected with synchronous pulley (20) by being with (19) synchronously, synchronous pulley (20) is connected with synchronous pulley (22) by being with (21) synchronously, and band (21) is connected with Z axle back-up block (7) synchronously
In base (1) inside turntable seat (23) is installed, turntable seat (23) is connected by wringing fit with transmission shafts bearing (24), transmission shafts bearing (24) inside is equipped with spacer (25) and I bearing (26), II bearing (27), I bearing (26), II bearing (27) is connected with transmission shaft (28), transmission shaft (28) bottom is equipped with synchronous pulley (29), synchronous pulley (29) is connected with servomotor (31) by being with (30) synchronously, servomotor (31) is fixed on the Connection Block (32), Connection Block (32) is connected with turntable seat (23), Connection Block (32) left end is equipped with angular encoder (33), angular encoder (33) bottom is equipped with synchronous pulley (34), synchronous pulley (34) is connected with synchronous pulley (36) by being with (35) synchronously, synchronous pulley (36) is connected with transmission shaft (28)
Connection Block (37) is fixed on transmission shaft (28) upper end, Connection Block (37) is connected with air-bearing shafts (39) by pin (38), end cap (40) is connected with terminal pad (41) by screw, terminal pad (41) is connected with terminal pad (42) by screw, terminal pad (42) by screw retention on turntable seat (23).
2, cylinder diameter according to claim 1 and morpheme error integrated measuring apparatus is characterized in that: base (1), column (2), crossbeam (3), Z axle (14) adopt the natural granite material.
3, cylinder diameter according to claim 1 and morpheme error integrated measuring apparatus is characterized in that: Z axle (14) is the rectangle column.
4, cylinder diameter according to claim 1 and morpheme error integrated measuring apparatus is characterized in that: column (2) and the crossbeam (3) that is installed on the column (2) are formed the planer-type supporting structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810049300A CN100595513C (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2008-03-04 | Cylinder diameter and form and position error integrated measuring apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810049300A CN100595513C (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2008-03-04 | Cylinder diameter and form and position error integrated measuring apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101236070A true CN101236070A (en) | 2008-08-06 |
| CN100595513C CN100595513C (en) | 2010-03-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200810049300A Expired - Fee Related CN100595513C (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2008-03-04 | Cylinder diameter and form and position error integrated measuring apparatus |
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| CN101655356B (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2010-12-01 | 厦门大学 | Graduation device for detecting surface shape of aspheric optical element |
| CN102269571A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-07 | 福建农林大学 | Method and device for measuring diameter of bamboo tube based on digital image processing technology |
| CN102425986A (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2012-04-25 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | Detecting device for form and position tolerance of motor base |
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| CN103115601A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2013-05-22 | 南京工程学院 | Method for measuring tolerance of cylindricity of shaft part |
| CN104457608A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2015-03-25 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Cylinder size error detection system |
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| CN109458969A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-12 | 东莞市三姆森光电科技有限公司 | A kind of multi-axial Simultaneous investigating method of position closed-loop |
| CN109458969B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-12-11 | 东莞市三姆森光电科技有限公司 | Multi-axis synchronous measurement and control method of position full closed loop |
| CN110044313A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-23 | 江苏理工学院 | Axial part measurer and its measurement method based on sensing technology |
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| CN111457847A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-07-28 | 吉林大学 | Large-scale cylinder part overall quality check out test set |
| CN115755765A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-03-07 | 日照鸿本机械制造有限公司 | Accurate analysis method and system for shoulder machining error |
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