CN101223410A - Method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich flow - Google Patents

Method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich flow Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101223410A
CN101223410A CNA2006800223253A CN200680022325A CN101223410A CN 101223410 A CN101223410 A CN 101223410A CN A2006800223253 A CNA2006800223253 A CN A2006800223253A CN 200680022325 A CN200680022325 A CN 200680022325A CN 101223410 A CN101223410 A CN 101223410A
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China
Prior art keywords
mix refrigerant
circulation
hydrocarbon
compressor
mix
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H·鲍尔
R·扎佩尔
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F25J1/0218—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one or more SCR cycles, e.g. with a C3 pre-cooling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0282—Steam turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0284—Electrical motor as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/029—Mechanically coupling of different refrigerant compressors in a cascade refrigeration system to a common driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0295—Shifting of the compression load between different cooling stages within a refrigerant cycle or within a cascade refrigeration system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich flow, in particular a flow of natural gas, the hydrocarbon-rich flow being liquefied against a refrigerant-mixture circuit cascade consisting of three refrigerant-mixture circuits. According to the invention the first and the second refrigerant-mixture circuits (2a - 2b, 3a - 3b) are for precooling the hydrocarbon-rich flow and the third refrigerant-mixture circuit (4a - 4b) is for liquefying and supercooling said flow. The first and/or the second refrigerant-mixture circuits (2a - 2b, 3a - 3b) are preferably designed as single-stage refrigerant-mixture circuits, while the third refrigerant mixture circuit (4a - 4b) is preferably designed as a two-stage refrigerant-mixture circuit.

Description

The method that is used for liquefying hydrocarbon-rich stream
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquefying hydrocarbon-rich stream, particularly method of natural gas flow of being used for, wherein, the liquefaction of hydrocarbon-rich flow realizes against the mix refrigerant circulation cascade unit of being made up of three mix refrigerant circulations.
Under regard to term " circulation of first mix refrigerant " and should always be understood that carbon dioxide coolant circulation.
Background technology
A kind of method that is used for liquefying hydrocarbon-rich stream of described type is disclosed by German laid-open document 197 16 415.This German laid-open document 197 16 415 by reference, its disclosure is received in the disclosure of present patent application.
Natural gas liquefaction device or be designed to the natural gas liquefaction device that so-called LNG base lotus type equipment-just be used for supplies with as primary energy with natural gas-or be designed to so-called peak regulation equipment-just be used to the satisfy natural gas liquefaction device that peak value requires.
LNG base lotus type equipment drives with kind of refrigeration cycle in the ordinary course of things, and these kind of refrigeration cycle are made up of hydrocarbon mixture.The circulation of these mixture recycle ratio decompressors is more energy-conservation and realize corresponding less relatively energy consumption when the big liquefaction power of basic lotus type equipment.
Be to be used for precooling with the circulation of first mixture at present basically in such liquifying method, the circulation of second mixture is used for liquefaction, and the circulation of the 3rd mixture was used for cold hydrocarbon-rich flow or natural gas.
Between pre-cold-peace liquefaction-if necessary-carry out the separation of high boiling hydrocarbon.They are hydrocarbon-rich flow or this component of natural gas to be liquefied at least, these components in cooling subsequently with frozen-be C 5+Hydrocarbon or aromatic hydrocarbon.In addition, often be that those are made the hydrocarbon that the calorific value of natural gas to be liquefied raises undesirably-be meant propane and butane-separated especially at this before liquefaction.
Disclose a kind of method of described type equally by German patent application 103 44 030, wherein used the shunting of the mix refrigerant of second mix refrigerant circulation to come the precooling hydrocarbon-rich flow at least.This liquifying method has been realized spendable compressor and the more economical utilization of drive unit, because (circulation) compressor of these three mixture circulations obtains driving power much at one, just respectively is 33.33% of general power.Therefore the particularly annual large-scale liquefaction device of producing greater than the big liquefaction power of having of 5,000,000 tons of liquefied natural gas can move more economically, because compressor by integrating these three kind of refrigeration cycle and drive unit can make the liquefaction maximizes power that the drive unit or the compressor with test of liquefaction process can be realized.
The mix refrigerant that is used for precooling of first mix refrigerant circulation evaporates on two or more different stress levels usually at the liquifying method of the above-mentioned type.Thereby reach the good conformity that cooling requires the cooling of thermal process stream and reduce energy consumption.Therefore, particularly concerning so-called basic lotus type equipment or-process, the single-stage precooling is rare, this is because it is relevant with high energy consumption.
The above-mentioned method that belongs to prior art has following result: the mix refrigerant shunting that makes at least one be used for precooling is evaporated under the pressure less than the shunting of residue mix refrigerant.But, thereby use the cold-producing medium of low pressure evaporation must cause bigger and equipment, machine and pipeline that cost is high.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is, provides a kind of method of described type, and it has avoided above-mentioned shortcoming.
In order to solve this task, a kind of method that is used for liquefying hydrocarbon-rich stream of described type has been proposed, it is characterized in that the circulation of first and second mix refrigerants is used for precooling, and the circulation of the 3rd mix refrigerant is used for liquefaction and cross cold hydrocarbon-rich flow.
Other favourable configurations that are used for the method for liquefying hydrocarbon-rich stream according to the present invention are characterised in that:
The circulation of-the first and/or second mix refrigerant is designed to the circulation of single-stage mix refrigerant,
The circulation of-Di three mix refrigerants is designed to the circulation of two-stage mix refrigerant,
The power consumption of the compressor of-the first and second mix refrigerants circulation is identical or basic identical with the power consumption of the compressor of the 3rd mix refrigerant circulation of this two-stage,
-wherein, preferably these mix refrigerants all compressors that circulates have identical or essentially identical power consumption,
The power consumption of each compressor in the power consumption of the compressor of-the first and second mix refrigerants circulations and two compressors that the 3rd mix refrigerant of this two-stage circulates is identical or basic identical,
-preferably use gas turbine, steam turbine and/or motor as the drive unit that is used for compressor.
" precooling " is interpreted as making hydrocarbon-rich flow to be liquefied to be cooled at least-30 ℃ to-70 ℃ for term, preferred-40 ℃ to-60 ℃ temperature.
Now, according to the present invention, for the precooling hydrocarbon-rich flow, with two independently the single-stage mix refrigerant circulate and replace the two-stage precooling circulation that in existing liquifying method, realizes.By means of the suitable selection of method condition, such as the composition of mixture, pressure traverse shape or the like, the swabbing pressure of two precoolings circulations of liquifying method of the present invention is raise greatly, just typically bring up to 5 crust or higher.In contrast to this, the swabbing pressure of a two-stage precooling circulation low-pressure stage is the 2-3 crust.
Have higher gas density owing to be used for the mix refrigerant circulation of precooling, therefore method of the present invention has realized compacter equipment or process.In addition, compare with the liquifying method that only uses two mixture circulations, the method with three mixture circulations of the present invention has lower specific energy consumption.
Description of drawings
Describe the configuration of method of the present invention and formation dependent claims theme thereof below in detail by embodiment shown in the drawings.
In illustrated method, the cooling and the liquefaction that are transported to the hydrocarbon-rich flow of heat exchanger E1 via pipeline 1 realize against a mix refrigerant circulation cascade unit of being made up of three mix refrigerant circulations.The circulation of these mix refrigerants has different compositions usually, for example described in aforementioned German laid-open document 197 16415 like that.
The specific embodiment
Hydrocarbon-rich flow the to be liquefied vaporized mixed refrigerant stream 2b against the first mixture circulation 2a-2c in heat exchanger E1 cools off.Next, hydrocarbon-rich flow be transported to heat exchanger E2 by pipeline 1a and in this heat exchanger the mixed refrigerant stream 3b against the evaporation of the second mixture circulation 3a-3c further cool off.
In the outlet of heat exchanger E2, the temperature of the hydrocarbon-rich flow that has been cooled is-30 ℃ to-70 ℃, preferred-40 ℃ to-60 ℃.It is transported to a separative element S who only represents as black box by pipeline 1b now.
In this separative element S, carry out above-mentioned C 3+Separate, wherein, discharged from this separative element S by pipeline 1c by isolated component from hydrocarbon-rich flow to be liquefied.
Then, hydrocarbon-rich flow to be liquefied is transported to the 3rd heat exchanger E3 by pipeline 1d and is liquefied and cold excessively to the mixed refrigerant stream 4b of 4c against the 3rd cold-producing medium circulation 4a in this heat exchanger.
Next, be input in its other purposes and/or (centre) storage device by pipeline 1e by cold excessively liquid product.
As already mentioned, two mix refrigerant circulation 2a-2c and the 3a-3c that is used for treating coldly in advance liquefying hydrocarbon-rich stream is respectively the mix refrigerant circulation of single-stage.
The mix refrigerant that in separately recycle compressor V2 or V3, compresses flow through via pipeline 2a or 3a heat exchanger E1 (under the situation of first mix refrigerant circulation) or flow through these two heat exchanger E1 and E2 (under the situation of second mix refrigerant circulation).In pressure-reducing valve a or b after the decompression, mixed refrigerant stream in heat exchanger E1 or E2 against process flow evaporator to be cooled and and then be transported to recycle compressor V2 or V3 again via pipeline 2c or 3c.
Same the 3rd mix refrigerant that also is applicable to circulates, in the circulation of the 3rd mix refrigerant, the mix refrigerant 4a that has been compressed cools off in heat exchanger E1, E2 and E3 after be transported to decompressor c, decompression in this decompressor, then pinched process flow evaporator to be cooled in heat exchanger E3 and be transported to the inlet of low pressure compressor level V4 then via pipeline 4c by pipeline 4b, and high pressure compressor level V4 is connected this low pressure compressor level back.
The rising that is associated with the inventive method of operating pressure and the rising of gas density that is used for second mix refrigerant shunting 3a-3c of precooling have promoted the use of coiled heat exchanger for heat exchanger E2, in this coiled heat exchanger, mix refrigerant overcoat side is evaporated.Up to now, in such, as to belong to prior art liquifying method, often do not use this coiled heat exchanger, because this coiled heat exchanger structure is too big, but the maximum gauge of its permission usually owing to make-and transportation clearance former thereby be restricted.
The cooler or the heat exchanger that are connected compressor V2, V3, V4 and V4 ' back are not shown in the drawings, in described cooler or heat exchanger, mix refrigerant is cooled against cooling medium, for example water or air and is condensed under the first mix refrigerant circulation 2a-2c situation.The hybrid refrigeration medium of second mix refrigerant circulation usually after compression against the condensation at least in part of cooling medium, for example water or air.
According to another favourable configuration of the inventive method, the compressor V2 of the first and second mix refrigerant circulation 2a-2b and 3a-3b and the power consumption of V3 design with the compressor V4 of the 3rd mix refrigerant circulation 4a-4b of described two-stage and the power consumption of V4 ' identical or basic identically.In this case, all compressor V2, V3, V4 and the V4 ' of these mix refrigerant circulations 2a-2b, 3a-3b and 4a-4b have identical or essentially identical power consumption.
In this configuration of the inventive method, two identical drive units (compressor V2 and V3 are given in a configuration, and compressor V4 and V4 ' are given in a configuration) or four identical drive units (driving compressor V2, V3, V4 and a V4 ' respectively) can be set.
For term " basic identical " be interpreted as power consumption differ be no more than+/-2%.
Substitute the above-mentioned configuration ground of the inventive method, two the compressor V4 of the 3rd mix refrigerant circulation 4a-4b of the compressor V2 of the first and second mix refrigerant circulation 2a-2b and 3a-3b and the power consumption of V3 and described two-stage and the power consumption of each compressor of V4 ' design identical or basic identically.In this configuration of the inventive method, preferably use three identical drive unit A2/3, A4 and A4 ', wherein A2/3 disposes to compressor V2 and V3, and compressor V4 and V4 ' are given in A4 and A4 ' configuration.
Therefore, mainly big drive unit, especially gas turbine with the operational situation of single-stage mode under, can satisfy the variation of equipment size.The alternative of mentioning at last above is particularly suitable for cold cooling medium, because the energy requirement of precooling reduces in this case.
Therefore, the above-mentioned configuration of the inventive method has following advantage especially, promptly can use identical aspect its power or essentially identical drive unit A2/3, A4 and A4 '.

Claims (7)

1. be used for liquefying hydrocarbon-rich stream, the particularly method of natural gas flow, wherein, the liquefaction of hydrocarbon-rich flow realizes against a mix refrigerant circulation cascade unit of being made up of three mix refrigerant circulations, it is characterized in that, first and second mix refrigerants circulation (2a-2b, 3a-3b) be used for precooling, the 3rd mix refrigerant circulation (4a-4b) is used for liquefaction and crosses cold this hydrocarbon-rich flow.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, (2a-2b 3a-3b) is designed to the mix refrigerant circulation of single-stage for first and/or second mix refrigerant circulation.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the 3rd mix refrigerant circulation (4a-4b) is designed to the mix refrigerant circulation of two-stage.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, first and second mix refrigerants circulation (2a-2b, compressor (V2 3a-3b), the power consumption of the compressor (V4, V4 ') of the 3rd mix refrigerant circulation (4a-4b) of power consumption V3) and described two-stage is identical or basic identical.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, (all compressors 4a-4b) (V2, V3, V4, V4 ') have identical or essentially identical power consumption for 2a-2b, 3a-3b in these mix refrigerant circulations.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, first and second mix refrigerants circulation (2a-2b, compressor (V2 3a-3b), the power consumption of each compressor in two compressors (V4, V4 ') of the 3rd mix refrigerant circulation (4a-4b) of power consumption V3) and described two-stage is identical or basic identical.
7. as the described method of one of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, use gas turbine, steam turbine and/or motor as the drive unit (A2/3, A4, A4 ') that is used for compressor (V2, V3, V4, V4 ').
CNA2006800223253A 2005-06-23 2006-05-30 Method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich flow Pending CN101223410A (en)

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DE200510029275 DE102005029275A1 (en) 2005-06-23 2005-06-23 Method for liquefying hydrocarbon-rich flow, in particular flow of natural gas first and second refrigerant-mixture circuits for precooling hydrocarbon-rich flow and third refrigerant-mixture circuit for liquefying and supercooling flow
DE102005029275.5 2005-06-23

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US9163873B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2015-10-20 Wärtsilä Oil & Gas Systems As Method and system for optimized LNG production
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US9163873B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2015-10-20 Wärtsilä Oil & Gas Systems As Method and system for optimized LNG production
CN102203531A (en) * 2008-11-04 2011-09-28 海威气体系统公司 System for combined cycle mechanical drive in cryogenic liquefaction processes
CN102445052A (en) * 2011-12-16 2012-05-09 南京林业大学 Biogas liquefaction process and device for scattered gas source point
CN102628634A (en) * 2012-04-26 2012-08-08 中国石油集团工程设计有限责任公司 Ternary-cycle cascade refrigeration natural gas liquefaction system and method thereof
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CN102927791A (en) * 2012-11-30 2013-02-13 中国石油集团工程设计有限责任公司 Dual compounding cryogen refrigeration system with a precooling function and method
CN105737516A (en) * 2016-04-18 2016-07-06 中国寰球工程公司 System and method for liquefying natural gas by mixed refrigerant precooling and nitrogen expansion
CN109631492A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-04-16 西安石油大学 It is a kind of to use the cascade natural gas liquefaction device of azeotrope and method

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AU2006261281A1 (en) 2006-12-28

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