CN101222894B - 吸收性制品 - Google Patents

吸收性制品 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101222894B
CN101222894B CN2005800510535A CN200580051053A CN101222894B CN 101222894 B CN101222894 B CN 101222894B CN 2005800510535 A CN2005800510535 A CN 2005800510535A CN 200580051053 A CN200580051053 A CN 200580051053A CN 101222894 B CN101222894 B CN 101222894B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
textile material
absorbing products
weld seam
elastic
elastic textile
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN2005800510535A
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English (en)
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CN101222894A (zh
Inventor
K·埃德瓦尔
M·文纳贝克
E·拉克索
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Essity Hygiene and Health AB
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SCA Hygiene Products AB
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Publication of CN101222894A publication Critical patent/CN101222894A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15707Mechanical treatment, e.g. notching, twisting, compressing, shaping
    • A61F13/15739Sealing, e.g. involving cutting
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    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
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    • A61F13/49007Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
    • A61F13/49009Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
    • A61F13/49011Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the waist region
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    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/505Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with separable parts, e.g. combination of disposable and reusable parts
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    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/51Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/515Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers characterised by the interconnection of the topsheet and the backsheet
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15203Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
    • A61F2013/15284Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
    • A61F2013/15292Resistance, i.e. modulus or strength
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F2013/15821Apparatus or processes for manufacturing characterized by the apparatus for manufacturing
    • A61F2013/15861Apparatus or processes for manufacturing characterized by the apparatus for manufacturing for bonding
    • A61F2013/15869Apparatus or processes for manufacturing characterized by the apparatus for manufacturing for bonding with ultrasonic energy
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/53Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/539Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers
    • A61F2013/53991Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers by ultrasonic method
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82Testing the joint
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种诸如尿布、短裤尿布、卫生短裤或失禁衣物的吸收性制品。该制品包括至少一种第一弹性织物材料,该材料沿至少一条焊缝被超声波焊接到至少一种第二织物材料。该第二织物材料不同于第一弹性织物材料,且所述第二织物材料的弹性不同于第一弹性织物材料的弹性。根据本发明,第一弹性织物材料与第二织物材料之间的超声波焊缝被加强,以便在横向于焊缝的方向上具有某一焊接强度,该强度至少为5N/25.4mm。本发明特别地涉及一种短裤型吸收性制品。

Description

吸收性制品
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸收性制品,比如尿布、短裤尿布、卫生短裤或失禁衣物,所述制品包括一种弹性织物材料。
背景技术
对于穿戴者来说,诸如尿布、短裤尿布、卫生短裤或失禁衣物的吸收性制品需要具有舒适的合身性。对于短裤型吸收性制品,还需要该制品能够在穿戴者的臀部上被拉上和拉下,以使穿戴者或护理者能够在制品已被弄脏时轻易地穿上和脱下该制品。这种制品必须将对于使用者的舒适性和合身性与强度相结合,以使制品穿戴起来很舒适,而当被穿上时以及在使用过程中,其完整性得以保持。那些最易承受应力且最易发生破裂的区域是那些包括吸收性制品的部分被连接起来的区域(即制品的接缝)。
国际申请PCT/SE05/000319公开了包括弹性织物材料的一次性卫生短裤,其中将制品前、后部连接起来的侧边(侧接缝)连接,并由非织造条加固。
US 2003/0120252描述了一种具有丝带罩的短裤尿布,该丝带罩被附接在侧接缝上,提供审美学上令人愉悦的外观。该短裤尿布的外罩可为一种弹性材料。该侧接缝可被胶粘和/或超声波焊接。
仍存在对于这样一种吸收性制品的需要,其中各部件被牢固和可靠地连接起来,且当制品承受应力时(例如当穿上或脱下制品时)制品不会沿接缝撕裂或分离。已经发现,这在具有不同弹性(不同抗拉强度)的两个部件被连接在一起时尤其重要。
发明内容
本发明解决了与这类已知制品相关的问题。更特别地,本发明提供一种诸如尿布、短裤尿布、卫生短裤或失禁衣物的吸收性制品。该制品包括至少一种第一弹性织物材料,该材料沿至少一条焊缝被超声波焊接到至少一种第二织物材料。该第二织物材料不同于第一弹性织物材料,且所述第二织物材料是非弹性的,或具有不同于第一弹性织物材料弹性的弹性度。根据本发明,第一弹性织物材料与第二织物材料之间的超声波焊缝被加强,以便在横向于焊缝的方向上具有至少为5N/25.4mm的焊接强度。
根据本发明一个实施例的吸收性制品是一种短裤型吸收性制品,比如短裤尿布、卫生短裤或失禁衣物。它包括前部和后部。所述前部和后部沿两个相对的纵向侧边彼此连接到一起,以便确定腰部开口和一对腿部开口。所述前部和后部的至少其中之一包括所述第一弹性织物材料。所述制品还包括位于制品纵向的前部和后部之间的裆部,所述裆部包括所述第二织物材料。所述裆部利用超声波焊缝被焊接到前部和后部。在短裤型吸收性制品的一个实施例中,前部和后部均包括第一弹性织物材料。
在另一个实施例中,所述制品包括前腰部,所述前腰部位于沿制品纵向远离裆部的前部边缘处。所述前部包括第一弹性织物材料,而所述前腰部包括第二织物材料。所述前腰部利用超声波焊缝被焊接到前部。可选地或附加地,本发明的短裤型吸收性制品可包括后腰部,所述后腰部位于沿制品纵向远离裆部的后部边缘处。所述后部包括所述第一弹性织物材料,而所述后腰部包括所述第二织物材料。所述后腰部利用超声波焊缝被焊接到后部。
优选地,所述短裤型吸收性制品的第一弹性织物材料为一种叠层材料。所述叠层材料可由第一和第二纤维材料层以及位于所述第一与第二纤维层之间的弹性薄膜层组成。在所述吸收性制品总表面积的至少20%,优选地25%,更优选地30%,最优选地40%中,所述第一弹性织物材料可为所述前部和后部的唯一成分,并优选地为可透气的。典型地,所述弹性织物材料具有根据ASTM E96-00规程D的至少1500g/cm2 24h的水蒸汽透过率,优选地为至少3000g/m2 24h。
所述第二织物材料的弹性优选地低于所述第一弹性织物材料的弹性。无纺材料适用于所述第二织物材料。
除上述之外,所述第一弹性织物材料与第二织物材料之间的超声波焊缝被加强,以便在横向焊缝的方向上具有至少为7N/25.4mm,优选地为至少9N/25.4mm的焊接强度。焊缝的加强可通过连接到所述焊缝的附加织物材料层来提供。所述附加织物材料层可沿焊缝长度的至少50%,优选地至少75%,更优选地至少100%延伸,所述附加织物材料层被连接到所述焊缝。
作为一种选择,所述焊缝的加强可通过沿焊缝长度的50-100%,优选地沿焊缝长度的70-90%涂敷胶水来提供。
根据本发明,所述短裤型吸收性制品还包括一个吸收组件,所述吸收组件包括不透液的背层、可透液的顶层和被包围在两者之间的吸收芯。
附图说明
图1示出了短裤尿布的透视图。
图2示出了从面向身体一侧观察时,短裤尿布在形成之前处于平伸的、完全展开状态时的俯视图。
图3示出了从短裤尿布相对的、面向衣物的一侧观察时相应的俯视图。
图4为沿图3中线VI-VI的剖面图。
图5为沿图3中线VII-VII的穿过弹性叠层的剖面图。
图6-7示意性地示出了用于测量焊接强度的方法。
具体实施方式
吸收性制品
术语“吸收性制品”是指靠在穿戴者皮肤上用于吸收和容纳诸如尿液、粪便、月经流体等身体分泌物的产品。本发明主要涉及一次性吸收性制品,它是指在使用后不打算洗涤或存储或重新作为吸收性制品而使用的制品。本发明涉及“短裤型吸收性制品”。这种短裤型吸收性制品的实例有短裤尿布、卫生短裤和失禁者短裤。
制品的“展开状态”在这里被定义为这样一种状态,其中制品沿所有四个方向被展开到某种程度,以致其中包含的全部弹性材料,比如弹性织物材料、腰部弹性件、腿部弹性件均被展开,以致它们不会使产品的任何部分打褶,即整个产品是完全平坦的。制品仅被展开到某种达到这种平坦状态的程度。
图1示出了吸收性制品1的一个实施例,它是婴儿或失禁成年人的短裤尿布。所述制品包括至少一种第一弹性织物材料10。所述弹性织物材料10在下文中予以详述:
按照本文指定的弹性试验来测量时,弹性织物材料10沿x方向的弹性应当至少为30%,优选地至少为50%,更优选地至少为70%。优选地,弹性织物材料10沿制品的y方向也为弹性的。然而沿y方向的弹性优选地低于沿x方向的弹性。沿y方向的弹性应当至少为20%。另一种具有叠层弹性特征的方法是在拉伸前和拉伸后规定弹性织物材料的基重。在此情况下,一种合适的弹性织物材料在未拉伸状态下具有大约80g/m2的基重,并可被拉伸到65g/m2的基重。
弹性织物材料10优选地为叠层材料9。在图5所示的实施例中,弹性织物材料10为弹性叠层9,其由第一和第二纤维材料(即无纺材料)外层11和12以及位于所述纤维层之间的弹性薄膜层13组成。然而应当理解,也可使用其它类型的弹性织物材料,比如弹性无纺材料,以及本身非弹性、但借助于弹性线等来弹性化的无纺材料。所述弹性织物材料可包括一个或两个或更多个已被层压的层。弹性织物材料10的总基重优选地为100g/m2或更少,更优选地不大于90g/m2
在本文示出和描述的弹性叠层中,优选地,所述纤维外层11和12被选择为使得其与内弹性薄膜层13相结合,使材料具有较高的耐穿剌性。它们还应为叠层提供柔软的和似布的感觉。合适材料的例子有梳理织物和纺粘材料。纤维材料层的基重应当介于10g/m2与35g/m2之间,优选地介于12g/m2与30g/m2之间,更优选地介于15g/m2与25g/m2之间。用在纤维材料中的合适的聚合物的实例有聚乙烯、聚酯、聚丙烯以及其它聚烯烃均聚物和共聚物。也可使用天然纤维,比如棉花,只要它们提供所需的特性。聚合物的混合物可为纤维层提供较高的柔韧性,并籍此在最大载荷时使纤维材料具有更高的延伸率。聚乙烯和聚丙烯聚合体的混合物已被证明能够在这方面提供良好的效果。也可使所述纤维层包括不同聚合体纤维的混合物。
根据本发明一个实施例的弹性薄膜层13是一个有孔的弹性薄膜,该弹性薄膜具有介于20g/m2与80g/m2之间的基重,优选地介于20g/m2与60g/m2之间。该薄膜可为任意合适的天然或合成弹性聚合物。用于该弹性薄膜的合适材料的一些例子有低结晶度聚乙烯、茂金属(metallocene)催化低结晶度聚乙烯、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、聚氨酯、聚异戊二烯、丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,例如苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯(SIS)、苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯(SBS)或苯乙烯/乙烯-丁二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物。也可使用这些聚合体的混合物以及其它改性弹性或非弹性材料。合适的薄膜的一个例子为一种有孔的PE-SEBS-PE三层弹性薄膜。
该弹性叠层9可根据WO 03/047488中公开的方法来制造,其中一个纺粘层11在胶粘状态下被粘贴到膜13上,从而粘结到该薄膜层,而另一纺粘层12利用比如压敏热熔性胶粘剂胶粘地层压到该薄膜层13上。可选地,所述叠层可根据该已知方法的修改版本来制造,所述修改为:叠层被渐增地拉伸(通过相互啮合的齿轮,即IMG)到至少一种非弹性无纺层峰值载荷时的延伸率之下的一点,以使至少一个无纺层保持一些强度。另一层也可被拉伸至其峰值载荷时延伸率之下的一点,或拉伸至在拉伸过程中其将要撕裂的一点。
WO 03/047488中公开的方法包括将叠层拉伸至纤维材料的断裂点之上,以致非弹性层完全破裂。因而,如WO 03/047488中所述,叠层的延伸率不受非弹性材料拉伸模量的限制。
在一个优选实施例中,与WO 03/047488中描述的方法不同,在根据本发明完成叠层的制造时,粘结到弹性薄膜上的至少一个纤维层,优选地两个纤维层都未完全撕裂。如此选择纤维材料,使其在最大载荷时的延伸率高于弹性叠层的弹性,以允许弹性薄膜伸长而不受纤维层阻碍。这种选择还保证了纤维层有助于叠层的抗穿刺性,这是因为它们在制造过程中未被完全撕裂或撕破。优选地,这些纤维层或至少一个纤维层在最大载荷时的延伸率比叠层的弹性高出至少10%。这在PCT/SE2004/001005中有详细描述,在此将其作为参考而结合在本申请中。
材料层的不透明度是材料层在视觉上遮蔽下面物体或图样的性能。不透明度是以%来计量的,其中100%不透明度意味着透过材料层看不到任何物体,而0%意味着材料层是完全透明的。不透明度是通过PCT/SE2004/001415中公开的不透明度测试来测量的,该试验基于发光反射系数数据。
弹性织物材料10的不透明度可通过将乳浊化填充物结合到叠层9中,特别是结合到弹性薄膜13中来获得。这种颜料可为有机或无机染料、着色剂或增白剂。无机材料,比如二氧化钛、无机碳酸盐、合成碳酸盐、滑石、霞石正长岩、氢氧化镁、精制氢氧化铝硅藻土(siatomaceous earth)、云母、天然或合成硅石、煅烧粘土以及它们的混合物均为优选乳浊化填充物的例子。在薄膜的挤出处,填充物优选地作为母料被添加。一个适当浓度的例子是填充物占薄膜重量的大约5%。
优选地,弹性织物材料10具有根据ASTM E96-00规程D的至少1500g/m2 24h的透气性(水蒸汽透过率),优选地为至少3000g/m2 24h。弹性薄膜层的开口区域优选地为至少5%,更优选地至少为8%。所述开口区域通过图像分析法来测量,并定义为孔面积的总和除以薄膜样品的总面积。
所述第一弹性织物材料10沿至少一个焊缝8被超声波焊接到至少一种第二织物材料21上。所述第二织物材料21如下所详述。
第二织物材料21还应为吸收性制品1提供柔软的、似布的感觉。合适材料的例子有梳理织物和纺粘材料。第二织物材料的基重应当介于10g/m2与35g/m2之间,优选地介于12g/m2与30g/m2之间,更优选地介于15g/m2与25g/m2之间。用在第二织物材料中的合适的聚合物的实例有聚乙烯、聚酯、聚丙烯以及其它聚烯烃均聚物和共聚物。也可使用天然纤维,比如棉花,只要它们提供所需的特性。聚合物的混合物可为第二织物材料提供较高的柔韧性,并籍此在最大载荷时使第二织物材料具有更高的延伸率。聚乙烯和聚丙烯聚合体的混合物已被证明能够在这方面提供良好的效果。也可使所述第二织物材料21包括不同聚合体纤维的混合物。优选地,所述第二织物材料21为可透气的。
第二织物材料21不同于第一弹性织物材料10。这意味着它们在至少一种特性,比如构造、成分、纹理等方面不同。并不要求第二织物材料21具有不同于第一弹性织物材料10的成分(即两者均可包括相同的聚合物,但呈不同的形式)。然而,第二织物材料21的弹性应当不同于第一弹性织物材料10的弹性,或者第二织物材料21可为非弹性的。织物材料的弹性可利用本文指定的弹性试验来确定。在一个实施例中,第二织物材料21的弹性低于第一弹性织物材料10的弹性。
第一弹性织物材料10与第二织物材料21之间的超声波焊缝8、17a、18a被加强,以便在横向于焊缝的方向上具有至少为5N/25.4mm的焊接强度。已发现,该焊接强度足以在吸收性制品1被穿上时所承受的应力下焊缝不失效。优选地,第一弹性织物材料10与第二织物材料21之间的超声波焊缝8、17a、18a被加强,以便在横向于焊缝的方向上具有至少为7N/25.4mm,优选地至少为9N/25.4mm的焊接强度。
图1、图2和图3中所示的短裤尿布通常包括前部5和后部6。该制品具有纵向y和横向x。如从图1中可见到的,前部和后部沿着两个相对的纵向侧边4彼此连接到一起,以确定腰部开口15和一对腿部开口16。前、后部5、6至少其中之一包括如上所述的第一弹性织物材料10。该尿布还包括沿制品纵向y位于前部5与后部6之间的裆部7。裆部7包括如上所述的第二织物材料21。裆部7通过超声波焊缝8被焊接到前部5和后部6上。这些超声波焊缝在横向于焊缝方向上具有如上所规定的焊接强度。
前部5由连接到前腰部17的焊缝17a、制品的纵向侧边4以及连接到裆部7的焊缝8来限定。在使用中,前部5位于穿戴者的腹部。后部以相似的方式来限定:由连接到后腰部18的焊缝18a、制品的纵向侧边4以及连接到裆部7的焊缝8来限定。所述裆部在纵向边缘上由制品腿部开口16的边缘来限定,在横向边缘上由上述焊缝8来限定。
如上所述,制品1的前、后部5、6的至少其中之一包括弹性织物材料10。优选地,前、后部5、6均包括弹性织物材料10。弹性织物材料10优选地在前部5和后部6中均相同,然而,该弹性织物材料10也可在前部5和后部6中不同。在所述吸收性制品总表面积的至少20%,优选地25%,更优选地30%,最优选地40%中,所述弹性织物材料可为前部5和后部6的唯一成分。
根据本发明的短裤型吸收性制品1还可包括前腰部17,所述前腰部17位于沿制品纵向y远离裆部7的前部5的边缘处。如上所述,前部5包括第一弹性织物材料10,而前腰部17包括第二织物材料21。前腰部17通过超声波焊缝17a焊接到前部5上。这些超声波焊缝在横向于焊缝方向上具有如上所规定的焊接强度。
短裤型吸收性制品1可选地或附加地包括后腰部18,所述后腰部18位于沿制品纵向y远离裆部7的后部6的边缘处。所述后部6包括第一弹性织物材料10,而所述后腰部18包括第二织物材料21。所述后腰部18利用超声波焊缝18a焊接到后部6上。这些超声波焊缝在横向于焊缝方向上具有如上所规定的焊接强度。所述后腰部18的材料不必与前腰部17的材料相同。
焊缝的加强可通过连接到所述焊缝8、17a、18a的附加织物材料层14来提供,以使焊缝获得所需的焊接强度。所述附加织物材料层14可在其余焊缝连接的同时被连接到焊缝8、17a、18a-即通过超声波焊接。作为选择,可随后将其添加到焊缝8、17a、18a,尽管为便于制造优选同时进行连接。附加织物材料层14可通过粘结、超声波焊接、热焊接或技术人员已知的用于连接两种材料织物的任何方法来连接。在一个优选实施例中,附加织物材料层14位于第一弹性织物材料10与第二织物材料21之间(即在焊缝区域中夹在两者之间)。可选地,它可在焊缝区域中位于第一弹性织物材料10的外表面或第二织物材料21的外表面上。可以存在两个附加织物材料层14-每一个位于焊缝各面的外侧。所述附加织物材料层14沿焊缝8、17a、18a长度的至少50%,优选地至少75%,更优选地100%延伸,所述附加织物材料层被连接到所述焊缝。所述附加织物材料层14优选地为一种无纺材料。优选地,所述附加织物材料层14为一带状材料。
附加织物材料层14不必是连接到吸收性制品1的一块单独的材料。假如能够满足焊接强度要求,则所述附加织物材料层14可为位于焊缝中的吸收性制品的部分。例如,前、后腰部17、18通常由一个以上的织物材料层构成。无纺层可被折叠,以使折叠线沿纵向y形成短裤尿布1的外缘,而该织物材料的两个边缘在焊缝17a、18a处会合。如果是这样的话,对于本发明的目的来说,构成腰部17、18的两个层都焊接到前/后部5、6就足够了。只要有至少一个附加织物材料层14位于焊缝区域,则本发明即可被实现。
也可利用胶水来提供加强,沿焊缝8、17a、18a长度的50-100%,优选地沿该长度的70-90%涂敷该胶水,以使焊缝获得所需的焊接强度。胶水可在超声波焊接的同时被涂敷,或随后再涂敷。如果在超声波焊接的同时被涂敷,胶水可被涂敷到第一弹性织物材料10和第二织物材料21的表面,它们在焊缝内相接触。作为选择,其可被涂敷到第一弹性织物材料10和/或第二织物材料21的其中一个表面或两个表面上,它们不在焊缝内相接触。如果随后再涂敷,则胶水可被涂敷到焊缝8、17a、18a的其中一个表面或两个外表面上。
根据本发明的短裤型吸收性制品1还可包括吸收组件3,所述吸收组件3包括不透液的背层19、可透液的顶层20以及被包围在两者之间的吸收芯2(图4)。这些部分如下所述:
顶层
可透液的顶层20可由例如纺粘法、熔喷法、梳理法(carded)、水刺法(hydroentangled)、湿法(wetlaid)等无纺材料组成。合适的无纺材料可由诸如木浆或棉花纤维的天然纤维,或由诸如聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、纤维胶等的人造纤维,或由天然和人造纤维的混合物组成。顶层材料还可由以粘结形式相互粘结起来的短屑纤维组成,例如EP-A-1 035 818中所公开的那样。顶层材料的其它例子有多孔泡沫、有孔塑料膜等。适宜作顶层材料的材料应该柔软且对皮肤无刺激性,并容易被诸如尿液或月经流体的体液穿透。该顶层在吸收性制品的不同部分可以不同。
背层
位于吸收芯2朝向衣物的那一侧并被包括在吸收组件3之内的不透液的背层19为不透液材料例如薄塑料膜,比如为聚乙烯或聚丙烯膜、涂敷有不透液材料的无纺材料、阻止液体渗透的疏水性无纺材料或包括塑料膜和无纺材料的叠层。该背层19可为透气性的,以便允许蒸汽从吸收芯逸出,同时仍阻止液体穿过。透气性背层材料的例子有多孔聚合物膜、由纺粘和熔喷层形成的无纺叠层,由多孔聚合物膜和无纺材料形成的叠层。背层19优选地为非弹性的。
吸收芯
“吸收芯”是布置在吸收性制品的吸收组件中的吸收性结构。吸收芯2可为任意常规的类型。常用的吸收性材料的例子有纤维素短纤浆、薄纸层(tissue layers)、高吸收性聚合物(所谓的超吸收体)、吸收性泡沫材料、吸收性无纺材料等等。通常在吸收芯中将纤维素短纤浆和超吸收性聚合物相结合。超吸收性聚合物是遇水膨胀、不溶于水的有机或无机材料,在含有0.9重量百分比的氯化钠的水溶液中能够吸收至少大约其重量20倍的重量。适于用作超吸收性材料的有机材料可包括例如多糖、多肽等天然材料,也可包括例如合成水凝胶聚合物的合成材料。这样的水凝胶聚合物包括例如聚丙烯酸的碱金属盐、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡啶等等。其他合适的聚合物包括水解丙烯腈接枝淀粉、丙烯酸接枝淀粉和异丁烯顺丁烯二酸酐共聚物和其混合物。水凝胶聚合物优选地稍微交联,使得材料基本不溶于水。优选的超吸收性材料进一步表面交联,以使超吸收性粒子、纤维、薄片、球体等的外表面或壳拥有比超吸收体内部更高的交联密度。超吸收性材料可呈现为适于在吸收性合成物中使用的任何形式,所述吸收性合成物包括粒子、纤维、薄片、球体等等。
通过使用大量超吸收性材料可提供高吸收能力。对于包括例如纤维素纤维的亲水性纤维基体和超吸收性材料的吸收芯,超吸收性材料的比例优选地重量百分比在10%至90%之间,更优选地在30%至70%之间。
通常在吸收性制品中,使吸收芯包括在液体接收能力、液体分配能力和贮存能力方面有不同特性的层。薄吸收体常用于例如婴儿尿布和失禁者防护物,通常包括纤维素短纤浆与超吸收体聚合物的压缩的混合或分层结构。可改变吸收芯的尺寸和吸收能力,以适应不同的用途,例如用于婴儿或用于失禁成年人。
吸收芯还可包括布置在主吸收体顶部上的收集分配层,所述收集分配层适于在液体被主吸收芯吸收之前快速收集并临时贮存所排出的液体。这种收集分配层在本领域中是公知的,可由多孔纤维填料或泡沫材料组成。
试验方法描述
弹性试验
该方法测量弹性材料在重复加载和卸载循环时如何表现。将样品拉伸至一预定的延伸率,并在零和所述预定延伸率之间进行周期运动。所需的加载力和卸载力被记录下来。松弛材料永久的、即剩余的延伸率得以测量。
使用一台能够进行周期运动并配备有打印机/绘图机或软件显像的拉力试验机,LIoyd LRX。通过将样品切成宽度为25mm,且长度优选地比该拉力试验机中夹具之间距离长20mm来准备样品。
根据仪器说明书来校准拉力试验机。试验(加载和卸载力)所需参数被调整至:
·十字头速度:500mm/分钟
·夹持距离:50mm
·预加载荷:0.05N
依据记号将样品放置在夹具中,并保证样品居中且垂直地固定在夹具中。启动拉力试验机,在零和预定延伸率之间进行三次循环,该预定延伸率等于最高限定的第一载荷。在最后一次循环之前,样品被放松1分钟,然后通过拉伸样品,直至检测到0.1N的力,并读取该延伸率,从而测得永久延伸率。
松弛之后的永久延伸率应小于10%,且通过以上方法测量。因此,30%的弹性被定义为:当叠层在上述拉力试验机中被施加30%的延伸率之后,叠层在伸长后应具有小于10%的永久延伸率。30%的延伸率是指比样品初始长度长30%的长度延伸量。
用于测量焊接强度的试验方法
根据专利申请PCT 2004/001004中描述的方法(参照ASTM D882),对焊缝的抗拉强度进行测量。从吸收性制品上切下矩形试样,以致被加强的焊缝基本上垂直于试样边缘横过试样而延伸。试样的宽度为25.4mm,并且如有可能的话,其长度比抗拉试验设备Instron 4301上夹具之间的距离长50mm。图6和图7示出了试样如何固定在仪器的夹具中。
应当理解,尽管已经参照优选实施例描述了本发明,但在权利要求的范围内,可以进行修改。特别地,本发明是参照短裤型吸收性制品来描述的,但本发明的特征同样适用于其它吸收性制品,比如尿布。因而,本发明旨在覆盖它所归属的技术领域中已知或习惯做法中的任何变型或等价变换。本发明的范围仅由本文所包含的权利要求限定。

Claims (25)

1.一种短裤尿布、卫生短裤或失禁短裤形式的吸收性制品(1),所述制品包括至少一种第一弹性织物材料(10),其沿至少一条焊缝(8)被超声波焊接到至少一种第二织物材料(21),所述第二织物材料(21)不同于所述第一弹性织物材料(10),所述第二织物材料(21)是非弹性的,或者其弹性不同于所述第一弹性织物材料(10)的弹性,
其特征在于
所述第一弹性织物材料(10)与第二织物材料(21)之间的超声波焊缝(8、17a、18a)被加强,以便在横向于焊缝的方向上具有至少为5N/25.4mm的焊接强度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述制品包括前部(5)和后部(6),其中所述前部和后部沿两个相对的纵向侧边(4)彼此连接到一起,以限定腰部开口(15)和一对腿部开口(16),所述前部和后部(5、6)的至少其中之一包括所述第一弹性织物材料(10),所述制品(1)还包括沿制品纵向(y)位于所述前部(5)和所述后部(6)之间的裆部(7),所述裆部(7)包括所述第二织物材料(21),所述裆部(7)利用超声波焊缝(8)被焊接到所述前部(5)和后部(6)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述前部(5)和后部(6)均包括所述第一弹性织物材料(10)。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述制品包括前腰部(17),所述前腰部(17)位于在所述制品纵向(y)远离所述裆部(7)的所述前部(5)的边缘处,所述前部(5)包括所述第一弹性织物材料(10),所述前腰部(17)包括所述第二织物材料(21),所述前腰部(17)利用超声波焊缝(17a)焊接到所述前部(5)。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述制品包括后腰部(18),所述后腰部(18)位于在制品纵向(y)远离所述裆部(7)的所述后部(6)的边缘处,所述后部(6)包括所述第一弹性织物材料(10),所述后腰部(18)包括所述第二织物材料(21),所述后腰部(18)利用超声波焊缝(18a)被焊接到所述后部(6)。
6.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述第一弹性织物材料(10)为叠层材料(9)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述叠层材料(9)由第一和第二纤维材料层(11、12)以及位于所述第一与第二纤维材料层之间的弹性薄膜层(13)组成。
8.根据权利要求2或3所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于在所述吸收性制品总表面积的至少20%中,所述第一弹性织物材料是所述前部(5)和后部(6)的唯一成分。
9.根据权利要求8所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于在所述吸收性制品总表面积的至少25%中,所述第一弹性织物材料是所述前部(5)和后部(6)的唯一成分。
10.根据权利要求9所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于在所述吸收性制品总表面积的至少30%中,所述第一弹性织物材料是所述前部(5)和后部(6)的唯一成分。
11.根据权利要求10所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于在所述吸收性制品总表面积的至少40%中,所述第一弹性织物材料是所述前部(5)和后部(6)的唯一成分。
12.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述第一弹性织物材料(10)为可透气的。
13.根据权利要求12所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述第一弹性织物材料(10)具有根据ASTM E96-00规程D的至少1500g/cm224h的水蒸汽透过率。
14.根据权利要求13所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述水蒸气透过率为至少3000g/m224h。
15.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述第二织物材料(21)的弹性低于所述第一弹性织物材料(10)的弹性。
16.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述第二织物材料(21)为无纺材料。
17.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于在横向于焊缝的方向上的焊接强度至少为7N/25.4mm。
18.根据权利要求17所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于在横向于焊缝的方向上的所述焊接强度至少为9N/25.4mm。
19.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述加强通过连接到所述焊缝(8、17a、18a)的附加织物材料层(14)来提供。
20.根据权利要求19所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述附加织物材料层(14)沿连接于其上的焊缝(8、17a、18a)长度的至少50%延伸。
21.根据权利要求20所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述附加织物材料层(14)沿连接于其上的焊缝(8、17a、18a)长度的至少75%延伸。
22.根据权利要求21所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述附加织物材料层(14)沿连接于其上的焊缝(8、17a、18a)长度的至少100%延伸。
23.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述加强通过沿焊缝(8、17a、18a)长度的50-100%涂敷胶水来提供。
24.根据权利要求23所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述加强通过沿焊缝(8、17a、18a)长度的70-90%涂敷胶水来提供.
25.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的吸收性制品(1),其特征在于所述制品(1)还包括吸收组件(3),所述吸收组件包括不透液的背层(19)、可透液的顶层(20)和被包围在两者之间的吸收芯(2)。
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CN101222894A (zh) 2008-07-16
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