CN101220297B - Method and apparatus for gas production - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for gas production Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101220297B
CN101220297B CN 200810057164 CN200810057164A CN101220297B CN 101220297 B CN101220297 B CN 101220297B CN 200810057164 CN200810057164 CN 200810057164 CN 200810057164 A CN200810057164 A CN 200810057164A CN 101220297 B CN101220297 B CN 101220297B
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gas
coal
gas generator
producer
carbonic acid
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CN101220297A (en
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武桢
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Keda Industrial Co Ltd
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MA'ANSHAN KEDA CLEAN ENERGY CO Ltd
Keda Industrial Co Ltd
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Publication of CN101220297A publication Critical patent/CN101220297A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

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Abstract

The invention relates to a production method of gas and equipment. The method includes: coal, gasifying agent and carbon dioxide are added into a gas producer, mixed gas is produced in the high temperature environment, combustible gas is obtained after the mixed gas is led out and the aftertreatment is carried out. The production equipment of the gas comprises a gas producer, a separator and a guiding device of the mixed gas which are connected in sequence, wherein, the gas producer is provided with an air inlet of carbon dioxide which is used for accessing the carbon dioxide in the process of coal gasification. The invention adopts the technical means that the carbon dioxide is taken as one of the raw materials used for producing gas and is accessed into the gas producer, provides enough carbon dioxide for production reaction of gas and improves the production amount of carbon monoxide, thus improving the percentage content of the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas and finally improving the quality of the mixed gas.

Description

Coal gas production method and equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal gas production method and equipment, relate in particular to the method that a kind of coal gasification is produced coal gas, and adopt this method to produce the equipment of coal gas.
Background technology
Than burning of coal, the burning of coal gas more cleans, efficiently, so coal gas is just receiving more and more widely concern as a kind of clean energy.The Coal Gasification Technology that coal is converted to coal gas is looked gas-solid state and mode of motion in the stove, mainly can be divided into three major types: (particle diameter 10~50mm) is the fixed bed of raw material with lump coal; With fine coal (particle diameter is less than 10mm) is the fluidized-bed of raw material; With fine coal (particle diameter is less than 0.1mm) is the air flow bed of raw material.In the production process of reality, the gasification of fine coal is higher than the lump coal gasification efficiency, is the main gasification means of research at present and application.
The gasification principle that utilizes fine coal to produce coal gas is the reaction of coal and vaporized chemical, is the reaction of carbon, oxygen and water in essence.In common producer gas generator, with coal, and vaporized chemicals such as water vapor, air feed in the producer gas generator, and then coal and vaporized chemical react, and main reaction formula comprises the combustion reactions of carbon and oxygen, emits a large amount of heat energy, shown in (1):
C+O 2→CO 2+Q (1)
Wherein, heat is emitted in "+Q " representative.
Comprise that also carbonic acid gas and water vapor are the reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen by carbon reduction, the principal reaction formula is as shown in the formula shown in (2), (3) and (4):
CO 2+C→2CO-Q (2)
H 2O+C→H 2+CO-Q (3)
2H 2O+C→CO 2+2H 2-Q (4)
Wherein, " Q " representative absorbs heat.
The product carbon monoxide is the major ingredient of coal gas, and from above-mentioned reaction formula as can be seen, coal, oxygen and water vapor are the raw materials of producing coal gas, and carbonic acid gas is a kind of intermediate product, is again the direct material that generates coal gas.
Prior art can be circulating fluidized bed based on the employed producer gas generator of above-mentioned principle producing coal in next life gas, and its general structure comprises as shown in Figure 1: by the producer gas generator 100 and the whirlwind separator 200 of pipe connection.Wherein, be provided with fine coal inlet 110 in the middle and lower part of producer gas generator 100 sidewalls, can claim coal inlet again; Be provided with first inlet mouth 120 in its underpart, the air inlet first time that is fed mainly is an air, can claim air inlet again; Be provided with second inlet mouth 130 at the middle part of its sidewall, the air inlet second time of feeding mainly is a water vapor, claims the water vapor import again.Producer gas generator 100 is connected with the upper end of whirlwind separator 200, is used to transmit the gas mixture that is being mingled with solid particulate; The top of whirlwind separator 200 is provided with the derivation pipeline, the gas mixture of separating is derived, its lower end is drawn mouthfuls 150 and links to each other with producer gas generator 100 by being arranged on returning of producer gas generator 100 middle parts, be used to guide unreacted solid particulate, mainly be fine coal, be circulated back to burning once more in the producer gas generator 100.
The technology that this producer gas generator carries out gasification generally includes following process: fine coal, water vapor and air are fed producer gas generator, said mixture is reacted under the condition of high temperature, produce gas mixture, comprising carbon monoxide in this gas mixture, also comprise the gas of a certain amount of carbonic acid gas, water vapor, nitrogen and other a small amount of gas kinds, and be mingled with unreacted fine coal; After this gas mixture entered whirlwind separator, the fine coal deposition was then drawn back producer gas generator, and gas mixture is derived pipeline from the upper end is simultaneously derived, and the gas of derivation can obtain flammable industrial gas mixture again and send into user's use after purifying postprocessing working procedures.
Above-mentioned technology is a tradition coal gasification method commonly used, but wherein the subject matter of Cun Zaiing is: on the one hand, the reduction reaction efficient of carbon and water vapor, carbonic acid gas is low, causing unreacted fine coal and carbonic acid gas to be entrained in the gas mixture discharges, both reduced gas reforming efficient, also increased burden to postprocessing working procedures; On the other hand, contain great amount of carbon dioxide in the gas mixture of derivation, reduced the quality of gas mixture.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of coal gas production method and equipment, to realize improving quality and effective emission of carbon-dioxide that reduces of the gas mixture that makes through gasification production.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of coal gas production method, comprise the steps:
Add coal, vaporized chemical and carbonic acid gas in producer gas generator, described vaporized chemical comprises air and water vapour;
Air generation combustion reactions in coal and the vaporized chemical, and under hot environment, react and generate gas mixture with water vapour in carbonic acid gas and the vaporized chemical;
Gas mixture is derived, and to obtaining combustible gas after the gas mixture execution post-processing operation.
In technique scheme, in producer gas generator, add coal, vaporized chemical and carbonic acid gas and be specially:
Add fine coal in producer gas generator, from the mixed airflow of described fine coal below bubbling air and carbonic acid gas, described mixed airflow is used to drive the floating rising of described fine coal, and is used for reacting with described fine coal; In producer gas generator, the pulverized coal friring position feeds water vapor; Perhaps
Add fine coal in producer gas generator, from described fine coal below bubbling air air-flow, described air draught is used to drive the floating rising of described fine coal, and as the ignition dope of described fine coal; In producer gas generator, pulverized coal friring position below feeds carbonic acid gas; In producer gas generator, the pulverized coal friring position feeds water vapor; Perhaps
Add fine coal in producer gas generator, from described fine coal below bubbling air air-flow, described air draught is used to drive the floating rising of described fine coal, and as the ignition dope of described fine coal; In producer gas generator, the pulverized coal friring position feeds water vapor; In producer gas generator, pulverized coal friring position top feeds carbonic acid gas.
For achieving the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of gas production equipment, comprise the producer gas generator, separator and the gas mixture take-up gear that link to each other successively, this producer gas generator is provided with air inlet, coal inlet and water vapor import, the lower end of this separator is drawn and mouthful is linked to each other with producer gas generator by being arranged on returning of producer gas generator middle part, wherein: producer gas generator is provided with the carbon dioxide mouth, is used for feeding carbonic acid gas at coal gasification course; Described carbon dioxide mouth is arranged on the top and/or the below of drawing mouth at least described go back to, or the air inlet on described carbon dioxide mouth and the producer gas generator is wholely set.
The carbonic acid gas that is fed among the present invention preferably directly adopts the flue gas that comprises carbonic acid gas, and so-called flue gas is exactly the burning after product of gathering from the combustion equipment of carbon or oxycarbide.
By above technical scheme as can be known, the present invention adopts the technique means that feeds producer gas generator with carbonic acid gas as one of gas production raw material, for the coal gas formation reaction provides competent carbonic acid gas, can improve the formation reaction speed of this coal gas major ingredient of carbon monoxide, can improve the growing amount of carbon monoxide, can improve carbon monoxide proportion in the gas mixture that makes, reduce the carbonic acid gas proportion simultaneously, thereby improve the quality of gas mixture.On the other hand, the carbonic acid gas that the present invention fed can derive from the flue gas that the coal combustion reaction is discharged, can the recycle carbonic acid gas, both avoided carbonic acid gas directly to enter the environmental pollution that air causes, also reached the purpose of utilizing carbonic acid gas to improve the quality of production.
Also in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail below by specific embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of producer gas generator in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the schema of coal gas production method specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of gas production equipment specific embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the schema of coal gas production method specific embodiment one of the present invention, this method comprises the steps:
Step 1, in producer gas generator, add coal, vaporized chemical and carbonic acid gas;
React under step 2, coal, vaporized chemical and the carbonic acid gas hot environment in producer gas generator, this hot environment can be to carry out the required normal condition of coal gasification reaction in the producer gas generator, then generate gas mixture, the composition of this gas mixture had both comprised the carbon monoxide and the hydrogen of generation, also comprised unreacted gases such as water vapor, carbonic acid gas and nitrogen completely;
Step 3, this gas mixture is derived, that derives simultaneously may comprise the solid particulate that is being mingled with, obtain combustible gas after then this gas mixture being carried out post-processing operation, for example, after this also need to carry out post-processing operation manufacture inflammable gass such as dedusting, desulfurization, denitration at first by whirlwind separator separate solid particles and gas mixture.
The technical scheme of present embodiment, in the raw material that feeds producer gas generator, increased carbonic acid gas, then generate the reduction reaction formula (2) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, (3) and (4) can be under the competent condition of carbonic acid gas fully reaction, can accelerate the forward reaction speed of reduction reaction, reduce backward reaction speed, can increase the growing amount of carbon monoxide, and the growing amount of minimizing carbonic acid gas, thereby the shared per-cent of carbon monoxide in the raising gas mixture, reduce the shared per-cent of carbonic acid gas, promptly can improve the calorific value that final coal gas has, thereby improve the quality of coal gas.
Carbonic acid gas required in this technical scheme can obtain by number of ways, for example adopts the carbonic acid gas of collecting in user's gas fume after burning or the waste gas.Specifically can before step 1, carry out following step: burn after product as flue gas from the combustion equipment collection of carbon or oxycarbide.And the flue gas that will comprise carbonic acid gas in step 1 directly feeds in the producer gas generator.Directly adopt flue gas both to satisfy the needs that carbonic acid gas is provided, a kind of processing mode of flue gas with the flue gas recycling, helps avoid environmental pollution after also can burning as the user.
Coal gas production method specific embodiment two of the present invention is to improve on the basis of embodiment one, in the step 1, this vaporized chemical comprises air and water vapor, and can there be multiple mode the order and the position that add coal, vaporized chemical and carbonic acid gas in producer gas generator, and wherein a kind of concrete mode is:
In producer gas generator, add fine coal, high-speed mixing air-flow from fine coal below bubbling air and carbonic acid gas, this mixed airflow is used to drive the floating rising of fine coal, reach the state that fully spreads apart, so that can fully contact the raising efficiency of combustion with ignition dope, this mixed airflow also reacts as ignition dope and reductive agent and fine coal;
Meanwhile, perhaps slightly at interval behind the certain hour, the pulverized coal friring position in producer gas generator feeds water vapor, further to finish the reaction of reduction system carbon monoxide.
In this mode, carbonic acid gas can feed producer gas generator together with air, so that competent carbonic acid gas to be provided.
The another kind of concrete mode that adds coal, vaporized chemical and carbonic acid gas in producer gas generator is:
Add fine coal in producer gas generator, from fine coal below bubbling air air-flow, this air draught is used to drive the floating rising of fine coal fully spreading apart, and this air is also as the ignition dope of pulverized coal friring;
The below of the pulverized coal friring position in producer gas generator feeds carbonic acid gas;
In producer gas generator, the pulverized coal friring position feeds water vapor.
In this mode, carbonic acid gas is fed in the producer gas generator separately, and can below the pulverized coal friring position, feed.The feeding time of fine coal, air, carbonic acid gas and water vapor can carry out simultaneously, also can divide precedence to feed producer gas generator according to the rule of setting.
Another the concrete mode that adds coal, vaporized chemical and carbonic acid gas in producer gas generator is:
Add fine coal in producer gas generator, from fine coal below bubbling air air-flow, air draught is used to drive the floating rising of fine coal, and as the ignition dope of pulverized coal friring;
Pulverized coal friring position in producer gas generator feeds water vapor;
Top, pulverized coal friring position in producer gas generator feeds carbonic acid gas.
In this mode, carbonic acid gas is fed in the producer gas generator separately, and can above the pulverized coal friring position, feed.The feeding time of fine coal, air, carbonic acid gas and water vapor can carry out simultaneously, also can divide precedence to feed producer gas generator according to the rule of setting.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the structural representation of gas production equipment specific embodiment of the present invention, present embodiment is specially a circulating fluidized bed gas production equipment, comprising: the upper end is by the producer gas generator 100 and the whirlwind separator 200 of pipe connection.Be provided with fine coal inlet 110 in the middle and lower part of producer gas generator 100 sidewalls; Be provided with first inlet mouth 120 of bubbling air in its underpart; Be provided with second inlet mouth 130 that feeds water vapor at the middle part of its sidewall.The top connection of whirlwind separator 200 is provided with gas mixture take-up gear 210, and the gas mixture of separating is derived; The lower end of whirlwind separator 200 is also drawn mouthfuls 150 and is communicated in the producer gas generator 100 by returning of producer gas generator 100 middle parts is set, and is used to guide unreacted solid particulate, mainly is fine coal, is circulated back to burning once more in the producer gas generator 100.Further, on producer gas generator 100, also be provided with carbon dioxide mouth 140, be used for feeding carbonic acid gas at coal gasification course.
Carbon dioxide mouth in the present embodiment can link to each other with carbon dioxide air source, obtains to feed behind the carbonic acid gas to participate in reaction in the producer gas generator.In the raw material that feeds producer gas generator, increased carbonic acid gas, can make reduction reaction fully reaction under the competent condition of carbonic acid gas, can increase the growing amount of carbon monoxide, and the growing amount of minimizing carbonic acid gas, then can increase carbon monoxide shared per-cent in the gas mixture that makes, improve heat vale of mixture, thereby improve the quality of coal gas.
In the present embodiment, the carbon dioxide mouth can be as shown in Figure 3, be arranged on go back to the below of drawing mouth, perhaps also can be arranged on go back to the below of drawing mouth, can also the carbon dioxide mouth be set respectively going back to the above and below draw mouthful, in addition, the carbon dioxide mouth can also be wholely set with first inlet mouth, and then carbonic acid gas and air feed simultaneously.Technique scheme can realize feeding carbonic acid gas from a plurality of positions in producer gas generator, reaches to improve the reaction in furnace environment, improves the purpose of gas quality.
Certainly, coal gas production method of the present invention and equipment are not limited to adopt the gas production technology of circulation process bed form, also can adopt the method that feeds carbonic acid gas in the coal gasification reaction process to improve gasification efficient in other gas production equipment.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.

Claims (4)

1. a coal gas production method is characterized in that, comprising:
Add coal, vaporized chemical and carbonic acid gas in producer gas generator, described vaporized chemical comprises air and water vapour;
Air generation combustion reactions in described coal and the vaporized chemical, and under hot environment, react and generate gas mixture with water vapour in carbonic acid gas and the vaporized chemical;
Described gas mixture is derived, and to obtaining combustible gas after the described gas mixture execution post-processing operation;
Wherein, adding coal, vaporized chemical and carbonic acid gas in producer gas generator is specially:
Add fine coal in producer gas generator, from the mixed airflow of described fine coal below bubbling air and carbonic acid gas, described mixed airflow is used to drive the floating rising of described fine coal, and is used for reacting with described fine coal; In producer gas generator, the pulverized coal friring position feeds water vapor; Perhaps
Add fine coal in producer gas generator, from described fine coal below bubbling air air-flow, described air draught is used to drive the floating rising of described fine coal, and as the ignition dope of described fine coal; In producer gas generator, pulverized coal friring position below feeds carbonic acid gas; In producer gas generator, the pulverized coal friring position feeds water vapor; Perhaps
Add fine coal in producer gas generator, from described fine coal below bubbling air air-flow, described air draught is used to drive the floating rising of described fine coal, and as the ignition dope of described fine coal; In producer gas generator, the pulverized coal friring position feeds water vapor; In producer gas generator, pulverized coal friring position top feeds carbonic acid gas.
2. coal gas production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, adds carbonic acid gas and be specially in producer gas generator: add the flue gas that comprises carbonic acid gas in producer gas generator.
3. coal gas production method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, before adding comprises the flue gas of carbonic acid gas in producer gas generator, also comprises: burn after product as described flue gas from the combustion equipment collection of carbon or oxycarbide.
4. a coal gas produces equipment, comprise the producer gas generator, separator and the gas mixture take-up gear that link to each other successively, described producer gas generator is provided with air inlet, coal inlet and water vapor import, the lower end of described separator is drawn and mouthful is linked to each other with described producer gas generator by being arranged on returning of described producer gas generator middle part, it is characterized in that: also be provided with the carbon dioxide mouth on the described producer gas generator, be used for feeding carbonic acid gas at coal gasification course; Described carbon dioxide mouth is arranged on the top and/or the below of drawing mouth at least described go back to, or the air inlet on described carbon dioxide mouth and the producer gas generator is wholely set.
CN 200810057164 2008-01-30 2008-01-30 Method and apparatus for gas production Expired - Fee Related CN101220297B (en)

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AU2008360806B2 (en) * 2008-08-20 2013-01-17 Ihi Corporation Fuel gasification equipment
CN102234544A (en) * 2010-04-26 2011-11-09 秦皇岛玻璃工业研究设计院 Gasification method and gasification equipment of pure oxygen coal gas for glass melting furnace
CN102250643A (en) * 2011-06-21 2011-11-23 丁钟宇 Coal gasification method and device of suspension bed
CN103131476B (en) * 2011-11-30 2017-03-15 上海麦风微波设备有限公司 A kind of microwave manufacturing technique method of coal gas and device
CN114717027A (en) * 2021-01-06 2022-07-08 新疆宜化化工有限公司 Circulating fluidized bed gasification device and process suitable for high-alkali low-ash-melting-point coal

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