CN101218331A - High temperature biobased lubricant compositions comprising boron nitride - Google Patents

Abstract

This present invention discloses a method for the preparation of an improved high temperature engine lubricant composition comprising the steps of: 1) providing at least one biobased natural oil or biobased synthetic oil selected from the group consisting of natural or synthetic vegetable oil, natural or synthetic animal oil, genetically modified vegetable oil, genetically modified synthetic vegetable oil, natural or synthetic tree oil, and mixtures thereof; 2) providing at least one boron nitride; and 3) optionally, providing at least one base oil selected from the group consisting of a synthetic ester, solvent refined petroleum oil, a hydrocracked petroleum white oil, an all hydroprocessed synthetic oil, Fischer Tropsch oil, petroleum oil group I, group II, group III, a polyalphaolefin (PAO), and mixtures thereof; 4) optionally, providing at least one additive or combination of additives selected from the group consisting of anti-oxidant(s), corrosion inhibitor(s), metal deactivator(s), viscosity modifier(s), anti-wear inhibitor(s), friction modifier(s), and extreme pressure agent(s); 5) blending 1), 2), 3), and 4) in any sequence to form said composition.

Description

The high temperature biological lubricants composition of nitrogen boron

Technical field

The sequence number that the application requires to submit on April 26th, 2005 is 60675126, and exercise question is the right of priority of the provisional application of " with the high temperature biological lubricants composition of boron nitride preparation ".The present invention relates to by natural and/or synthetic vegetables oil, animal oil, vegetables oil or tree oil biological lubricants composition with the boron nitride preparation.This composition is up to 1000 ℃ with oilness, resistance to abrasion and the extreme pressure property of improvement can be provided under the higher temperature.This composition is specially adapted to lubricated oil engine, baking box, chain, hawser, gear, joint pin, bearing and sliding surface under the hot environment.This lubricant compositions can also be blended into hydraulic efficiency oil, turbine oil, compressor oil, penetrating oil, lubricating grease, release agent, thread compound, metal deep drawing lubricating oil, rolling oil, metal working fluid, releasing agent, and any lubricant that needs resistance to abrasion and extreme pressure property.In addition, this lubricant compositions provides high insulation resistance, and this can be used for dielectric and insulating paste.

Background of invention

A large amount of bio-oils be can obtain from the recyclable resource of plant-derived oil, animal oil, vegetables oil or tree oil, readily biodegradable or " environment-protecting asepsis " it is characterized in that.Therefore, this oil has the potential magnetism in various widespread uses, and is defined as biomaterial in 2002 in the farm bill.This type of bio-oil can be natural, also can be synthetic.

For being used for lubricating oil, bio-oil is also enough not desirable.Many bio-oils do not have perfect performance, comprise pour point, oxidative stability, with the consistency of additive etc.Yet bio-oil also has many ideal performances as lubricating oil.Particularly, bio-oil provides high flash point, good lubricating property and very high viscosity index usually, and this can reduce oil consumption, and its volatility in NOACK test is not more than 1%, and this shows that it can reduce the volatilization of machine oil.In addition, bio-oil is normally nontoxic, and readily biodegradable.For example, under standard test condition (as OCED301D and ASTM D-5864 testing method), typical vegetables oil can biological degradation 80% in 28 days, is carbonic acid gas and water by biological degradation, and under the contrast, oil-based lubricant is biodegradable to have only 25% or lower.When lubricant directly was discharged in the environment, this composition had special benefits.The sensitizing range comprises hanger rope and chain, dragline in forest zone, mining area, sea, farmland, heavy industry, transportation, railway and shipping, paper mill, sawmill, plywood factory, the sea-freight zone, strides and carry transmission mechanism, motorcycle and ATV chain or the like on the wood cargo vessel.

Biomaterial in the composition and boron nitride are classified as the food grade permission by USDA and NSF, are environment-protecting asepsis.The equipment that uses in the food-processing industry is different and different according to department, and three main departments comprise: meat and poultry, beverage, fast food, vegetables plant and milk-product.Though device is had any different between department, moving parts is identical as bearing, gear, slipping plane, usually all needs to lubricate.The maximum lubricant that uses under these situations comprises baking box lubricant, chain lubricant, cable lubricant, infiltration lubricant, release agent, thread compound, metal deep drawing lubricating oil, rolling oil, releasing agent, bearing oil, and the lubricating grease of various uses.These foodstuffs industry oil must satisfy strict more standard than other technical oils.

Owing to guarantee and to keep the safety and the standard of food quite important, the rule and the regulations of USDA (USDA) announcement must be observed by food factory.The food safety inspector-general's department (FSIS) of USDA is responsible for all programs of supervision, grading and the standard of meat, poultry, egg, milk-product, fruit and vegetables plant.These programs are enforceable, and the non-edible compound that is used for the device of federal government's check will detect.

FSIS is the depositary of mandate compound official inventory who is used for the device of federal government check.Official's inventory (is seen the 11-1 page or leaf, " dedicated substances and the non-food product compound inventory " of USDA food safety inspector-general's department promulgation, collected edition 1419 (1989)) indicating lubricant and other material of being designated as food is considered to indirect foodstuff additive in the USDA rules.Therefore, no matter these lubricants divide H-1 or H-2 into, all will obtain the approval of USDA before being used to food processing plant.The strictest criteria for classification H-1 is at the lubricant of contact food once in a while.The H-2 class is at the place that is used for impossible contact food, and guarantees not use in the lubricant known toxic substance or carcinogenic substance.The invention belongs to the lubricating oil of H-1 and H-2 approval.Lubricating oil and term " food grade " that H-1 and H-2 authorize will exchange use in the application.

Although USDA no longer ratifies new component and composition, global grocery trade is still approved H-1 and H-2 classification.NSF layout now and approval food grade classification.

Except meeting the safety requirements of federal regulations office regulation, product must be the effective lubricating agent.The lubricating oil of food processing apparatus should lubricate mechanical part, and anti-stick degree changes, and is anti-oxidant, avoids getting rusty and corroding, and abrasion protection is provided, and in use will resist formation settling and greasy filth.Product also should can be brought into play useful effect under the various lubricating status in from the hydrodynamic thick film to border film scope.

The thermal characteristics of oxidation and lubricating oil can keep the time of lubricity and resist greasy filth and the effect of settling formation by aid forecasting lubricating oil.Can be formed hard settling by partial oxidation when hydrocarbon ils contacts for a long time with oxygen high temperature, this can cause adhesion near tolerance metal and metallic contact zone.

Although this lubricant is nontoxic as food source impurity design, its lubricity and traditional lubrication oil (as, do not contain the lubricating oil that mandate can directly contact component with food) to compare effect poor.To a certain extent, lube plant solves these problems by introducing special additive to lubricant compositions.As, introduce that performance additive is wear-resistant to strengthen, oxidation inhibitions, rust/erosion inhibition, metal passivation, extreme pressure, friction improve, resist and performance such as steep and lubricate.These reagent have description in following patent: U.S. Patent No. 5,538,6545 (Lawate etc.), U.S. Patent No. 4,062,785 (Nibert), U.S. Patent No. 4,828,727 (McAninch), U.S. Patent No. 5,338,471 and 5,413,7254 (Lai).

The shortcoming of the food-grade-lubricant that association area is described relates to that antioxidant property is poor, the blending of range of viscosities is limited in one's ability, the viscosity protection is limited.When suffering long term high temperature and mechanical pressure, lubricant usually oxidation susceptibility and flowing property is bad.

Therefore, still this lubricant of demand is wanted to show good extreme pressure property and abrasion resistance when suffering high temperature and mechanical pressure, and its insulation strength, oxidation-resistance, viscosity index, range of viscosities blending ability, viscosity stability have all obtained tangible improvement simultaneously.In addition, when temperature surpassed the bio-oil spontaneous ignition temperature, this composition can form the exsiccant oil-bound film, and can not form hard settling.

U.S. Patent No. 4,783, be about a kind of anhydrous oily lubricant 274 (Jokinen etc., on November 8th, 1988), and it is based on vegetables oil, and this vegetables oil has substituted mineral lubricating oils as its main ingredient, comprises triglyceride level.Triglyceride level is saturated and/or undersaturated straight chain C ₁₀～C ₂₂The ester of lipid acid and glycerine.The feature of this lubricant is the triglyceride level that contains at least 70 weight %, and its iodine number is at least 50, is not more than 125, and viscosity index is at least 190.As essentially consist, substitute or follow above-mentioned triglyceride level, lubricating oil can also comprise polymkeric substance by above-mentioned triglyceride level or the preparation of corresponding triglyceride level hot polymerization.As additive, lubricating oil can contain solvent, derivative of fatty acid, particularly their metal-salt, the natural or synthetic polymkeric substance of organic or inorganic, and being used for lubricated oil additives on the market.

U.S. Patent No. 5,538, describe a kind of food grade lubricant compositions 654 (Lawate etc., on July 23rd, 1996), and it can be used as hydraulic efficiency oil, gear oil and compressor oil in the device of food processing plant.Said composition comprises transgenic plant oil of (A) main amount and (B) a spot of performance additive.In another embodiment, composition contains (C) P contained compound or (D) non-transgenic plant oil.

U.S. Patent No. 5,580,482 (Chassan etc., on December 3rd, 1996) relate to a kind of lubricant compositions, it can stablize the influence of opposing high temperature and oxidation, and described composition comprises triglyceride level or ester class oil, unsaturated link(age) appears at alcohol or acid moieties in the ester, and the N of effective stable quantity, the two aminomethyls-1,2 that replace of N-, 4-triazole or N, the two aminomethyls-1,2 that replace of N-, 4-benzotriazole and senior alkyl are for the acid amides of laurylene succsinic acid.

U.S. Patent No. 5,888, relate to a kind of composition 947 (Lambert etc., on March 30th, 1999), and it contains three kinds of main ingredients: the oil sources of base oil, hydroxyl lipid acid and contain vegetables oil or the oil sources of animal wax.The base oil that document uses needs mainly by triglycerin (triglyceride level) and single-or two-glycerine (glyceryl ester), and free fatty acids is formed.Composition also comprises vegetables oil, and glycol hydroxyl lipid acid wherein accounts for 5%～20% of oil volume.The third component is the wax that comprises the oil dope of 5 volume %～10 volume %.Other synthetic analogues matter or the natural product that come from the animal or plant compound can reach 5% of composition volume.

U.S. Patent No. 6,300,292 (Konishi etc., October 9 calendar year 2001) relate to a kind of hydraulic fluid compositions, comprise total degree of unsaturation and be 0.3 or vegetables oil still less make base oil, also comprise at least a oxidation inhibitor, oxidation inhibitor is selected from the combination of being made up of phenol oxidation inhibitor, amine oxidation inhibitor and zinc dithiophosphate oxidation inhibitor, and its amount accounts for 0.01%～5% of composition total mass.

U.S. Patent No. 6312623 (Oommen etc., November 6 calendar year 2001) relates to a kind of electrical insulation fluids, comprises at least 75% high oleic acid triglyceride compositions, and said composition comprises at least 75% and is oleic fatty acid component; Be less than two unsaturated fatty acids acid constituentss of 10%; Be less than 3% three unsaturated fatty acids acid constituentss; Be less than 8% saturated fatty acid constituents; Also have following feature in the above-mentioned composition: insulation strength is at least gap, 35KV/100 Mill; 25 ℃ of following loss factors are less than 0.05%; Acid number is less than 0.03mgKOH/g; 25 ℃ of specific conductivity are less than 1pS/m; Flash-point is at least 250 ℃; Pour point is at least-15 ℃; One or more additives are selected from oxidation inhibitor, pour point reducer and copper passivator.

Summary of the invention

The diversity and the scope of an aspect of of the present present invention expansion additive and base oil are so that improve the performance of high temperature, environmental protection and food grade lubricating oil.The applicant has been found that at present composition shows oilness, wearing and tearing, extreme pressure and the antioxidant property of improvement up to 1000 ℃ with under the higher temperature when boron nitride is introduced the invention composition.In addition, the invention provides high insulation resistance, this is favourable to dielectric fluid and compound.These compositions are particularly suitable for lubricated oil engine, baking box, chain, cable, gear, joint pin, bearing and slipping plane under the high-temperature condition.Lubricant compositions can also be blended into hydraulic efficiency oil, turbine oil, compressor oil, penetrating oil, lubricating grease, release agent, thread compound, metal deep drawing lubricating oil, rolling oil, metal working fluid, releasing agent, and anyly requires wear-resistant and lubricant extreme pressure property.Because the chemical structure of nitrogen boron lubricating base oil, present composition burning allows the boron nitride white powder to be trapped in lubricated surface, has reduced release abrasiveness carbon deposit relatively.The present composition can also help prevent continuous formation, can cause the hard carbon deposit of zone of action adherent near the tolerance zone, and this is the known problem of petroleum hydrocarbon,

In addition, the invention composition also shows when the high temperature more than 500 ℃, has lubricated, wear-resistant, the extreme pressure property of improvement, and under this environment, well-known graphite and molybdenum can't be accomplished.

Also have, by improving fuel-economizing and reducing discharging, the invention composition also shows in machine oil has eco-friendly advantage.

Also have, the invention composition can be blended into food grade, and shows the biodegradable with improvement, thereby makes its environment-protecting asepsis.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of environment-protecting asepsis food grade high temperature lubricant, comprise: a) at least a biological natural oil and biosynthesizing oil, it is selected from natural or synthetic vegetables oil, natural or synthetic animal oil, transgenic plant oil, the synthetic vegetables oil of transgenosis, natural or synthetic tree oil and their composition; B) provide at least a boron nitride; And c) randomly, other base oil and d) randomly, and other additive, wherein the above-mentioned composition component has H-1 and the H-2 approval that USDA requires.Be appreciated that as a rule H-1 and H-2 sign will finally relate to the comparison-of-pair sorting of country beyond the U.S..

On the other hand, the invention discloses a kind of method that is used to prepare the nontoxic and food grade high temperature lubricant compositions of environmental friendliness, may further comprise the steps: 1) at least a biological natural oil or biosynthesizing oil are provided, and it is selected from natural or synthetic vegetables oil, natural or synthetic animal oil, transgenic plant oil, the synthetic vegetables oil of transgenosis, natural or synthetic tree oil and their composition; 2) provide at least a boron nitride; With 3) randomly, provide at least a base oil, it is selected from synthetic ester, solvent treatment oil, hydrocracking oil white oil, hydrofining synthetic oil, fischer-tropsch base oil, I class, II class and III class oil, polyalphaolefin (PAO) and their miscellany; 4) randomly, provide at least a additive, it is selected from oxidation inhibitor, inhibiter, metal passivator, viscosity index improver, anti-wear agent, friction improver, extreme pressure agent and emulsifying agent; 5) mix 1), 2), 3) and 4), prepare described composition.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of method that improves equipment lubrication, the biodegradable fluid of described equipment claimed, the machine oil that can reduce environmental emission and raising fuel-economizing performance and the equipment of food processing plant's use.The method includes the steps of: 1) provide at least a environmental friendliness nontoxic food grade high temperature lubricant compositions, said composition comprises: a) at least a biological natural oil and biosynthesizing oil, and it is selected from natural or synthetic vegetables oil, natural or synthetic animal oil, transgenic plant oil, the synthetic vegetables oil of transgenosis, natural or synthetic tree oil and their composition; B) provide at least a boron nitride; And c) randomly, other base oil; And d) randomly, other additive; 2) add the above-mentioned composition of significant quantity to equipment.

According to one aspect of the invention, lubricant comprises at least a bio-oil and at least a boron nitride, and described bio-oil is selected from natural or synthetic vegetables oil, natural or synthetic animal oil, transgenic plant oil, the synthetic vegetables oil of transgenosis, natural or synthetic tree oil and their composition.

According to a further aspect in the invention, lubricant also comprises at least a base oil, and it is selected from synthetic ester, solvent treatment oil, hydrocracking oil white oil, hydrofining synthetic oil, fischer-tropsch oil, I class oil, II class oil and III class oil, polyalphaolefin (PAO) and their miscellany.

According to a further aspect in the invention, lubricant also comprises the combination of at least a additive or additive, and described additive is selected from oxidation inhibitor, inhibiter, metal passivator, viscosity index improver, anti-wear agent, friction improver and extreme pressure agent.

According to a further aspect in the invention, described oil is the triglyceride level with following chemical formula:

Wherein, R ¹, R ²And R ³It is the aliphatic alkyl that contains about 7～about 23 carbon atoms.

According to a further aspect in the invention, aliphatic group is selected from aliphatic group, substituted aliphatic group and the assorted group that is derived from.

According to a further aspect in the invention, triglyceride level has an appointment 60% or more oleic acid.In another embodiment, the oleic acid formation can be following any per-cent: 60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99 and 100.

According to a further aspect in the invention, triglyceride level has about 60% or higher unit saturation characteristics.In another embodiment, the unit saturation characteristics can be following any per-cent: 60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99 and 100.

According to a further aspect in the invention, triglyceride level has about 70% or higher unit saturation characteristics.In another embodiment, the unit saturation characteristics can be following any per-cent: 70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99 and 100.

According to a further aspect in the invention, triglyceride level has about 80% or higher single saturation characteristics (monosaturated character).In another embodiment, single saturation characteristics can be following any per-cent: 80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99 and 100.

According to a further aspect in the invention, oil account for lubricant weight about 5%～about 99.9%, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 50%.In another embodiment, oil can be following any per-cent: 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98 and 99.

According to a further aspect in the invention, oil account for lubricant weight about 65%～about 99.9%, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 35%.In another embodiment, boron nitride can be following any per-cent: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34 and 35.

According to a further aspect in the invention, oil account for lubricant weight about 95%～about 99.998%, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 5%.

According to a further aspect in the invention, bio-oil accounts for about 5%～about 90% of lubricant weight, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 80%, base oil account for lubricant weight about 20%～about 80%, additive accounts for about 0.001%～about 80% of lubricant weight.

According to a further aspect in the invention, bio-oil accounts for about 40%～about 80% of lubricant weight, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 35%, base oil account for lubricant weight about 10%～about 20%, additive accounts for about 0.001%～about 40% of lubricant weight.

According to a further aspect in the invention, bio-oil accounts for about 60%～about 90% of lubricant weight, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 5%, base oil account for lubricant weight about 1%～about 10%, additive accounts for about 0.001%～about 20% of lubricant weight.

According to a further aspect in the invention, oil account for lubricant weight about 50% or still less; Boron nitride account for lubricant weight about 50% or more.

According to a further aspect in the invention, bio-oil account for lubricant weight about 50% or still less; Base oil, boron nitride and additive account for altogether lubricant weight about 50% or more.

According to a further aspect in the invention, the method that improves equipment lubrication comprises at least a boron nitride and at least a bio-oil blended step, bio-oil is selected from natural or synthetic vegetables oil, natural or synthetic animal oil, transgenic plant oil, the synthetic vegetables oil of transgenosis, natural or synthetic tree oil and their composition, and the oil and the boron nitride of significant quantity are added in the equipment.

According to a further aspect in the invention, method also is included in adds to before the equipment, with at least a base oil and bio-oil and boron nitride blended step, base oil is selected from synthetic ester, solvent treatment oil, hydrocracking oil white oil, hydrofining synthetic oil, fischer-tropsch oil, I class oil, II class oil and III class oil, polyalphaolefin (PAO) and their miscellany.

According to a further aspect in the invention, method also is included in adds to before the equipment, with at least a additive or additive combination and bio-oil, base oil and boron nitride blended step.Additive or additive combination are selected from oxidation inhibitor, inhibiter, metal passivator, viscosity index improver, anti-wear agent, friction improver and extreme pressure agent.

Embodiment

(A) triglyceride oil

In implementing process of the present invention, base oil is synthetic glycerine three esters or the natural oil with following chemical formula structure:

In the formula, R ¹, R ²And R ³It is the aliphatic alkyl that contains 7～about 23 carbon atoms of having an appointment.The term of Shi Yonging " alkyl " is meant that a carbon atom is directly connected to the group at other position of molecule herein.Aliphatic group comprises following various: (1) aliphatic group; Be alkyl, for example heptyl, nonyl, undecyl, tridecyl, heptadecyl; The thiazolinyl that contains two keys is as heptenyl, nonene base, hendecene base, tridecylene base, 17 thiazolinyls, two hendecene bases; The thiazolinyl that contains the two keys of 2 or 3, for example 8,11-17 dialkylenes and 8,11,14-17 trialkenyl.In the isomer of these materials is also included within, but what use in the present embodiment is the straight chain substituting group.(2) substituted aliphatic group, it is meant and contains the substituent group of non-alkyl among the present invention, non-hydrocarbon substituent can not change the principal character of alkyl.Those skilled in the art are familiar with suitable substituting group, and the example is hydroxyl, carbalkoxy (especially lower alkyl ester group) and alkoxyl group (especially lower alkoxy), and term " rudimentary " meaning is that the carbonatoms of group is no more than 7.(3) heteroatom group though promptly have the principal character of the aliphatic group among the present invention, also has other atom except carbon atom in the chain of being made of carbon atom or in the ring.The heteroatoms that is fit to is well known to those skilled in the art, comprises oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur.

The triglyceride level that the present invention is suitable for is vegetables oil, animal oil and transgenic plant oil and animal oil.The bio-oil triglyceride level is the oil of natural generation." natural generation " meaning is that the seed that produces oil does not have through gene alteration.Also have, " natural generation " meaning is that oil is not through over-churning hydrogenation or any change two-or the chemical treatment of three-unsaturated feature.The natural biomass oil that the present invention uses comprises at least a soya-bean oil, oil of plant, Trisun Oil R 80, Oleum Cocois, Leix gram and reins in oil, Canola oil, peanut oil, Semen Maydis oil, Oleum Gossypii semen, plam oil, safflower oil, Dow pond flower essential oil, animal oil or Viscotrol C.

Triglyceride oil can also be the vegetables oil and the animal oil of improvement.Triglyceride oil can carry out chemical modifying or improvement of genes.The hydrogenation of natural glycerin three esters is main chemical modifying means.Natural glycerin three esters have various fatty acid structures.Lipid acid in the natural sunflower seed oil has:

Palmitinic acid 70%

Stearic acid 4.5%

Oleic acid 18.7%

Linolic acid 67.5%

Linolenic acid 0.8%

Other acid 1.5%

Trisun Oil R 80 carries out chemical modifying by hydrogenation, is meant to allow hydrogen and unsaturated acid, reacts as oleic acid, linoleic acid plus linolenic acid.Purpose is not to eliminate all unsaturated link(age)s.In addition, purpose is not hydrogenation, so oleic acid has been converted into stearic acid.The purpose of carrying out chemical modifying by hydrogenation is will make the most of reduction of linolic acid or be converted into oleic acid.Linolic acid in the natural sunflower seed oil accounts for 67.5%.The chemical modifying target is hydrogenation, and linoleic amount is reduced to about 25%.The oleic amount of this meaning person from 18.7% rise to about 61% (18.7% unborn oleic acid add linolic acid transformed afterwards generation 42.5%).

Hydrogenation is the reaction that bio-oil and hydrogen carry out under the situation that catalyzer exists.The most frequently used catalyzer is a nickel catalyzator.The result who handles has joined hydrogen in the oil, thereby has reduced the amount of linoleic acid plus linolenic acid.Have only unsaturated fatty acids to participate in hydrogenation.During hydrogenation, other reaction also can take place, transfer to the reaction of new location as two keys, and be converted to trans etc. from cis.

Table I has been listed oleic acid (18: 1), linolic acid (18: 2) and the linolenic acid (18: 3) in the crude vegetal of selecting.By hydrogenation most of linolic acid of triglyceride level is carried out chemical modifying, it is possible increasing more than the oleic acid amount to 60%.

Table I

Oil	18∶1	18∶2	18∶3
				Semen Maydis oil Oleum Gossypii semen peanut oil	25.4 18.6 46.7	59.6 54.4 32.0	1.2 0.7 -

Thistle oil soya-bean oil Trisun Oil R 80

12.0 23.2 18.7

77.7 53.7 67.5

0.4 7.6 0.8

The transgenosis that takes place in the seed can be finished by the hybridization of natural field, or carries out more direct transgenosis in the control laboratory.After this Shou Huo farm crop contain triglyceride level, contain the oleic acid of high level when extracting goes out, the linolic acid of low amount.Table I in the reference, natural sunflower seed oil contains 18.7% oleic acid.The oleic content of transgenosis Trisun Oil R 80 is 81.3%, and linoleic content is 9.0%.Other vegetables oil in the Table I also can carry out transgenosis, to obtain to be higher than 90% oleic acid.The vegetables oil of chemical modifying comprises at least a in the Trisun Oil R 80 of the animal oil of soya-bean oil, chemical modifying of safflower oil, the chemical modifying of rape seed oil, the chemical modifying of Canola oil, the chemical modifying of Viscotrol C, the chemical modifying of Oleum Cocois, the chemical modifying of plam oil, the chemical modifying of peanut oil, the chemical modifying of Oleum Gossypii semen, the chemical modifying of Semen Maydis oil, the chemical modifying of chemical modifying and chemical modifying.

In one embodiment, aliphatic group R ¹, R ², R ³Be that those make the unsaturated feature of triglyceride level list be at least 60% group, in another embodiment, be at least 70%, also have an embodiment, be at least 80%.The triglyceride level that the present invention uses is given an example with vegetables oil, and vegetables oil has passed through transgenosis, so contain the oleic acid of high level than general oil.The oleic acid content of conventional Trisun Oil R 80 is 25～30%.Shift by the sunflower seed cdna, the Trisun Oil R 80 oleic acid content can be about 60% to about 90%.In other words, R ¹, R ², R ³Be heptadecyl, connect glyceryl CH ₂CH ₂CH ₂R ¹COO-, R ²COO-, R ³COO-is the residue of oleic acid molecular.U.S. Patent No. 4,627,192 and the content of U.S. Patent No. 4,743,402 disclosed preparation high oleic sunflower oils quote at this, for your guidance.

For example, the oleic acid content that only comprises the triglyceride level of oleic acid body is 100%, thereby single unsaturated content also is 100%.Triglyceride level is made up of the linolic acid of 70% oleic acid, 10% stearic acid, 13% palmitinic acid and 7%, and single unsaturated content is 70%.In one embodiment, triglyceride level oleic acid content height, they are transgenic plant oil (at least 60%) triglyceride oils.The typical high oleic acid vegetables oil that uses among the present invention is that high oleic safflower oil, high oleic acid Canola oil, high oleic acid peanut oil, high acid corn oil, high oleic acid rape seed oil, high oleic sunflower oil, high oleic acid Oleum Gossypii semen, high oleic acid Leix gram are reined in oil, high oleic acid plam oil, high oleic acid Viscotrol C, high oleic acid Dow pond flower essential oil and high oleic acid soya-bean oil.Canola oil is a kind of plant seed oil that is less than 1% erucic acid that contains.A kind of high oleic acid vegetables oil is the high oleic sunflower oil that extracts from Sunflower Receptacle.This product is the TriSun by name that obtains from AC Humko Cordova TN38018 ^TMHigh oleic sunflower oil.TriSun 80 is a kind of high oleic acid vegetables oil, and acid moieties wherein contains 80% oleic acid.Another kind of high oleic acid vegetables oil is the high oleic acid Canola oil that obtains from Brassica campestris or Brassica napus, also can obtain the high oleic acid Canola oil of RS by name from AC Humko.RS80 oil is Canola oil, and its acid moieties contains 80% oleic acid.

It should further be appreciated that oleic acid that transgenic plant oil has a high level with two-and three-unsaturated acid be cost.Conventional Trisun Oil R 80 contains 20～40% oleic acid and 50～70% linolic acid.This just to single-and two-unsaturated acid 90% contribution is arranged, (20+70) or (40+50).That transgenic plant oil has produced is low by two-or three-undersaturated vegetables oil.The oleic acid of transgenic rape of the present invention is about 2～about 90 with linoleic ratio.The oleic acid content of 60% in the triglyceride level and 30% linoleic acid content ratio are 2.Ratio is 8 in the triglyceride level of being made up of 80% oleic acid and 10% linolic acid.Ratio is 90 in the triglyceride level of being made up of 90% oleic acid and 1% linolic acid.The ratio of conventional Trisun Oil R 80 is 0.5 (30% oleic acid and 60% linolic acid).

The synthetic ester that can make by the esterification technique of present specification with genetically modified rape oil, tree oil, vegetables oil and animal oil that it should further be appreciated that triglyceride level can be processed into biosynthesizing ester and above-mentioned any natural, chemical modifying.Synthetic ester comprises polyester, diester, complex ester and comprises methyl esters and the monoesters of ethyl ester.The patent of describing esterification technique comprises 6,051,539,6,018,063,5,885,946,5,427,704,5,338,471,6,018,063,5,994,278,5,773,391,6,583, and 302B1,6,774,091 and U.S. Patent No. 2003/0069146.

(B) boron nitride

Advanced ceramic company (Advanced Ceramics Corporation) is maximum in the world boron nitride manufacturer.

Boron nitride is a kind of the have softness of special performance, white slick powder, and this makes it become the product of a kind of attractive alternative graphite, molybdenumdisulphide and other inorganic solid lubricant commonly used.Because it has high adhesion property and thermostability, the ideal performance of showing boron nitride that is applied as under and the situation about losing efficacy destroyed at conventional solid lubricant provides chance.

This inoganic solids powder can keep lubricity under the very hot situation of utmost point cold-peace, be fit to very much extreme pressure (EP) and use.It is eco-friendly, is inactive to most chemical reagent.It has showed excellent insulating property, and unlike graphite, it can keep these performances under vacuum.

Current lubrication applications comprises the solid polymer complex topography, dispersive additive in petroleum solvent, oil and the fat, the sintering metal electrodeposited coating, as the water or the diffusing thing of oil content of releasing agent, and the composition of epoxy coating, thermally sprayed coating and plasma sprayed coating.

Boron nitride is high refractory materials, and its physics and chemical property are similar to graphite.But different with graphite, boron nitride does not exist at nature.Its normally boron oxide compound or boric acid under the situation that urea or urea derivative and ammonia exist, synthetic obtaining in 800 ℃～2000 ℃ scopes.

Two kinds of common crystalline structure of BN are cube and hexagon.The cube boron nitride i.e. (c) BN, resembles diamond, and is hard and abrasive forces arranged; And the hexagon boron nitride is (h) BN image-stone China ink, and is soft and smooth.

The critical material performance of (h) BN below is discussed, and this makes it become the high-performance solid lubricant.

The hexagon boron nitride powder has been showed the characteristic of the solid lubricant that graphite and molybdenumdisulphide have.This comprises the absorption of crystalline structure, low-shearing power, solid lubrication face, low abrasive forces, thermo-chemical stability.In many examples, (h) BN has surpassed the performance level of those conventional solid lubrication features, particularly absorption and thermostability.

Up to date, the method that detects frictional coefficient or powder " slip " feature does not all have best conclusion.For example, the INSTRON method of the detection frictional coefficient that adopts can't be distinguished (h) BN powder of different stage usually, although difference therebetween is coming out of can obviously feeling.For the relatively slip of (h) BN and other solid lubricant, Falex company has developed a kind of new testing apparatus.

Test result is seen Fig. 1, and obviously as can be seen, with this method test, the frictional coefficient of comparing (h) BN generation with other material is minimum.

For the extreme pressure property with graphite molybdenumdisulphide and other lubricant of (h) BN relatively, Falex 4-BallEP tests containing on the Fomblin  oil sample of the various materials of 5wt% and carries out.

Two kinds of other (h) BN of level, two kinds of level graphite, molybdenumdisulphide (MoS ₂), curing antimony (SbS ₂) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) all test.Table 2 has been listed these test results.Two (h) BN have shown the sintering point higher than other any sample.(sintering point is to cause lubricant failure, the kgf size that is applied when the transfer of sintering or metal and metal occurring.) spot data (the S pattern of metal peeling before reaching sintering point) show that under given tensile load, one-level (h) BN has the value higher slightly than other solid lubricant; But to 400 kgfs, two other (h) BN of level are high many than on the same group.(given tensile load is formulated the sintering point for pure test liquid, is 315 kgfs among the figure).

Advanced ceramic company (Advanced Ceramics) produces other boron nitride that is used to lubricate of several grades.New boron nitride powder NX level is listed in and is used to lubricate, and comprises NX1, NX5, NX9, NX10.In one embodiment, being used for filtration and dissolved rank is NX1, and its particle size is 1 micron or littler.

Table 2

Sample	Sintering point (kgf)	Average Mo Hen @315 kgf	Diameter (millimeter) @400 kgf
				Fomblin  (F), control	315.000	Sintering
F/5%BN (E rank)	620.000	0.902	1.024
				F/5%BN (B rank)	620.000	0.850	0.984
F/5％MoS 2	500.000	0.861	1.001
				F/5％SbO 2	400.000	0.082	Sintering
F/5% graphite (S4742)	400.000	0.839	Sintering
				F/5% graphite (GP603)	400.00	0.851	Sintering
The F/5% tetrafluoroethylene	500.000	No data	1.110

Fig. 1

(c) other oil

(A) of the present invention and (B) composition can also comprise other additive and oil, comprise (c) (1) synthesizing ester base oil, (c) (2) polyalphaolefin or (c) (3) unrefined oil, treated oil and rerefined oils, (c) (4) synthetic full hydrogenated oil and Fischer-Tropsch base oil, and (c) (1), (c) (2), (c) (3) and (c) two kinds or any more kinds of miscellany in (4).Synthetic ester base plinth oil (c) (1) comprises the reactant of monocarboxylic acid, di-carboxylic acid or aralkyl carboxylic acid and alcohol.The monocarboxylic acid chemical formula is:

R ⁸COOH

The di-carboxylic acid skeleton symbol is:

The aralkyl carboxylic acid skeleton symbol is:

R ¹⁰-Ar(COOH) _p

In the formula, R ⁸Be the alkyl of about 4～about 24 carbon atoms, R ⁹Be the alkyl of about 4～about 50 carbon atoms, R ¹⁰Be the alkyl of 1～about 24 carbon atoms, m is the integer between 0 to about 6, and p is the integer between 1 to about 4; The skeleton symbol of alcohol is:

In the formula, R ¹¹Be the aryl of alkyl or 6～about 18 carbon atoms of 1～about 24 carbon atoms, R ¹²Be that hydrogen or carbonatoms are 1 or 2 alkyl, t is the integer between 0 to about 40, and n is the integer between 1 to about 6.

In the present embodiment, the R in monocarboxylic acid ⁸Contain 6～about 18 carbon atoms of having an appointment.The monocarboxylic example of part is butyric acid, caproic acid, sad, n-nonanoic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, palmitinic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and these sour isomer and their miscellany.

In the present embodiment, the R in di-carboxylic acid ⁹Contain 4～about 24 carbon atoms of having an appointment, m is the integer between 1 to about 3.Part diprotic acid example is succsinic acid, pentanedioic acid, hexanodioic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, nonane diacid, sebacic acid, toxilic acid and fumaric acid.

In the present embodiment, the R in the aralkyl carboxylic acid ¹⁰Contain 6～about 18 carbon atoms of having an appointment, p is 2.The aralkyl carboxylic acid that uses is phenylformic acid, toluic acid, phthalic acid, m-phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 1,2,3-benzene tricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4-benzene tricarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylic acid and pyromellitic acid.

In the present embodiment, the R in the alcohol ¹¹Contain 3～about 18 carbon atoms of having an appointment, t is the integer from 0 to about 20.Alcohol can be monohydroxy-alcohol, polyvalent alcohol or alkylation monohydroxy-alcohol or polyvalent alcohol.As, monohydroxy-alcohol can comprise primary alconol and secondary alcohol.Yet in one embodiment, monohydroxy-alcohol is uncle's Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18), especially aliphatic hydrocarbon alcohol, as alkenols and alkanol.R derives ¹¹The embodiment of monohydroxy-alcohol comprise 1-octanol, 1-decanol, 1-lauryl alcohol, 1-tetradecyl alcohol, 1-hexadecanol, 1-stearyl alcohol, octadecenyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, inferior linolenyl alcohol, phytol, cardanol, lauryl alcohol, cardanol, palmityl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and behenyl alcohol.

The embodiment of polyvalent alcohol comprises 2～about 6 hydroxyls.Can give an example with the thiazolinyl glycol, as ethylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol, triethylene glycol, TEG, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, three butyleneglycols and other alkenyl alcohol.Being suitable for a class alcohol of the present invention is that carbon atom quantity is at the polyvalent alcohol below 12.This type of alcohol comprises glycerine, tetrahydroxybutane, tetramethylolmethane, dipentaerythritol, glyconic acid, Glycerose, glucose, arabinose, 1,7-heptanediol, 2,4-heptanediol, 1,2,3-hexanetriol, 1,2,4-hexanetriol, 1,2,5-hexanetriol, 2,3,4-hexanetriol, 1,2,3-trihydroxybutane, 1,2,4-trihydroxybutane, 1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-1-hexahydrobenzoic acid, 2266-tetramethylol cyclohexanol, 1-10-sebacoyl, digitanol or the like.

Another kind ofly be used for polyvalent alcohol of the present invention and contain 3 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly contain 3 to 6 carbon atoms, have the polyvalent alcohol of at least 3 hydroxyls.Being exemplified below of this polyvalent alcohol: glycerine, tetrahydroxybutane, tetramethylolmethane, mannitol, Sorbitol Powder, 2-methylol-2-methyl isophthalic acid, ammediol (TriMethylolPropane(TMP)), two-TriMethylolPropane(TMP), 1,2,4-hexanetriol etc.

Alcohol alcoxylates can be alkoxylate single hydroxyl alcohol or alkoxylated polyol.Alkoxyl alcohol generally is by using excessive alkylene oxide, handling alcohol production as the ethylene oxide or third alkylene oxide.As, about 6 to about 40 moles ethylene oxide or third alkylene oxide can with a Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) condensation.

In one embodiment, Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) contains about 14 to about 24 carbon atoms, and can be the sub-long chain aliphatic alcohol of deriving, as stearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.

Be used on market, can having bought with the alcoxyl alcohol of the synthetic ester of carboxylic acid reaction preparation, be called TRITON , TERGITOL  as trade mark from U.S.'s connection carbon (Union carbide), from the ALFONIC  of Vistta chemical industry, from NEODOL  of shell chemical company etc.TRITON  material is commonly considered as the polyethoxylated alkylphenol, and it can be derived from the straight or branched alkylphenol; TERGITOL  material generally is the polyethylene glycol ether of primary alconol or secondary alcohol; The material of ALFONIC  is an ethoxyquin chain alcohol, and it can be represented with following general formula:

CH ₃(CH ₂) _xCH ₂(OCH ₂CH ₂) _nOH

Wherein, x changes between 4 and 16, and n is the numerical value between about 3 and 11.Special embodiment with ALFONIC  b-oxide of above-mentioned general formula feature comprises ALFONIC  1012-60, and wherein x is about 8 to 10, and the average of n is about 5.7; ALFONIC  1214-70, x wherein is about 10-12, and the average of n is about 7 and ALFONIC  1218-70, and wherein x is about 10-16, and the average of n is about 10.7.

NEODOL  ethoxylate is an ethoxylated alcohol, and alcohol wherein is straight chain alcohol and the branched-chain alcoho that contains 9～about 15 carbon atoms.Ethoxylate is to obtain by alcohol and the reaction of excessive ethylene oxide, as every mol of alcohol with about 3～about 12 or more moles ethylene oxide react.As, NEODOL  ethylene oxide 23-6.5 contains the straight chain and the branched-chain alcoho of 12 to 13 carbon atoms and on average is about 6.5 the monomeric miscellany of oxyethyl group.

As mentioned above, synthetic ester base plinth oil comprises that any above-mentioned acid or sour miscellany and above-mentioned alcohol or pure miscellany are not more than 1: 1 by COOH with the OH ratio, adopt esterification process, condition and the catalyzer of this area to react products therefrom.

In certain embodiments, not all OH base all with the COOH radical reaction.The embodiment of synthetic ester base plinth oil is single oleic acid glycerine and two oleic acid glycerine, and its reaction is expressed as follows respectively:

With

When single oleic acid glycerine and two oleic acid glycerine during as (c) (1), it normally occurs with the isomers miscellany of single oleic acid glycerine, or occurs with the isomers miscellany of two oleic acid glycerine.

Be included in all about the out of Memory of biosynthesizing ester and esterification procedure that Herman doctor Benecke publishes recently, be submitted in the paper that is entitled as " latest Progress of soybean oil based lubricant " of the associating soybean council, Herman doctor Benecke is the graduate researchist of Ohioan Bart's that.Doctor Benecke has reported the working condition of renewable lubricant company, and your research institute's protocols having of the said firm and Bart is assessed and definite application method your the biosynthesizing ester of research institute's invention of Bart.

The Radialube of Emkarote, the Olefina of the company of the synthetic ester of the production of not listing and Reolube, the JCI of Glissofluid, Ciba-Geigy that their trade(brand)name is BASF and the Emery of Emery Group of Henkel company.

Polyalphaolefin (c) (2) has been formed operable another kind of oil, as olefinic oxide polymer and multipolymer and their derivative, process reforms such as their terminal hydroxy group is esterified, etherificate.Can give an example, as the alkyl by ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, polyoxy alkenyl polymer and aryl ethers (as, molecular-weight average is that the poly-Isopropanediol of about 1000 methyl, molecular-weight average are that phenyl ether, the molecular weight of about 500～1000 polyoxyethylene glycol is the diethyl ether of about 1000～1500 polypropylene glycol, or the like) or their monobasic or multi-carboxylate, as be mixed with C ₃～C ₈The ethyl acetate of lipid acid, or C ₁₃Oxygen acid Tetraglycol 99 diester, the oil that carries out the polymerization preparation.

Refining, refining and rerefined oils (c) (3), and two or more the miscellany that can be used for lubricant compositions of the present invention.Unrefined oil is that those directly obtain from natural or synthetic source, does not have the product through further purification processes.Directly obtain by the destructive distillation operation as, resinous shale oil, oil directly obtains by distillation, or ester class oil directly obtains by esterification technique, is exactly unrefined oil without the oil of further handling just use.In the present invention in full, mineral oil belongs to the category of oil.Treated oil is similar to unrefined oil, has only passed through a step or a multistep purification step, to improve its purity.A lot of this purification techniquess are arranged, and are well-known to those skilled in the art as distillation, solvent extraction, acid or alkali extracting, filtration or infiltration.Obtain the technology and the resemble process that obtains treated oil of rerefined oils, rerefined oils obtains with the used treated oil of these art breading.This rerefined oils is also referred to as reuse oil or reprocessed oils, often also will carry out other technical finesse, to remove useless additive and oil product degraded product.

The complete lubricated oilmill of hydrogenated base oil (c) (4) is regarded as and is designated synthetic base oil.Modern refining process has been made the new synthetic oil of a class.For example, Chevron production company offered the lubricating oil that Houston TX holds on November 11st～12,1999; Paraffin meeting (U.S. petrochemical industry NPRA), the technical article that is entitled as " the synthetic present situation of III class base oil ", disclose a kind of full hydrogenation and produced route, it combines three kinds of Catalytic processes and comes obviously and optionally to change molecular size, shape and content of heteroatoms, to improve its lubricity.In three steps, add hydrogen under the High Temperature High Pressure, to produce stable especially oil.Impurity has been removed basically fully as sulphur and nitrogen.In III class oil was produced, feedstock conversion was a stable hydrocarbon, and it is rich in isoparaffin.Reactant, as the material that contains aromatic hydrocarbons, sulphur and nitrogen almost is removed, and causes the material of low-temperature performance problem, as normal paraffin, also has been removed.At last, paper has been summed up raw material and from the analysis of the product of commercial III class production line, and the result has shown three Catalytic processes people that the raw molecule of the overwhelming majority is used to produce modern full hydrogenation technique III class base oil for a change.These results have also proved claim, and using the modern III class base oil of full hydrogenation technique route production mainly is artificial or synthetic, and are better than old technology hydrocracking base oil.In addition, its high-performance in lubrication applications allows it usually to be used for and traditional sintetics such as polyalphaolefin blending preparation premium quality product.Document is not handed over the raw-material using method of full hydrogenation III class base oil as the biodegradable plant oil based lubricant of preparation.

Generally openly can comprise with the patent of vegetables oil and the synthetic lubricant of III class base oil: U.S. Patent No. 6,103,673,6,251,840,6,451,745,6,528,458, above patent all come from lubrizol company (Wickliffe, OH).Other patent comprises U.S. Patent No. 6303547 and 6444622, the both come from Ethyl company (Richmond, VA).

U.S. Patent No. 6,528,458 disclose the oil that contains (a) lubricant viscosity; (b) 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (DMTD), the derivative of DMTD or their miscellany; (c) friction improver; (d) composition of dispersion agent can be used for the lubricated speed change gear that comprises one group of humid clutch and one group of part power-assisted shift device.Wherein, the conversion of gear is finished by the engagement synchronous process that comprises engagement and non-engagement part gear shift and humid clutch.

U.S. Patent No. 6,451,745 disclose stepless change can be lubricated by supply a kind of composition to it, and composition comprises the oil of (a) lubricant viscosity; (b) dispersion agent; (c) purification agent.At least a in dispersion agent (b) and the purification agent (c) is borated material, and the amount of boron wants enough in the composition, with the frictional behaviour and the anti-stick property of giving composition for improved when being used for above-mentioned variator.

U.S. Patent No. 6,444,622 disclose at least a C ₅～C ₆₀The reaction product of carboxylic acid and at least a amine and the miscellany of phosphorous dispersion agent can be used as gear oil additive, and amine is selected from guanidine, aminoguanidine, urea, thiocarbamide and their salt.

U.S. Patent No. 6,303,547 reaction product that disclose at least a C5～C60 carboxylic acid and at least a amine can be used as gear oil additive.Amine is selected from guanidine, aminoguanidine, urea, thiocarbamide and their salt.

U.S. Patent No. 6,251,840 disclose a kind of lubricating/functional fluid compositions, and it has in use showed the wear-resistant and anti-bubble performance of improving.Improvement is owing to used 2 simultaneously, 5-dimercapto-1,3, and 4-thiadiazole and derivative thereof and siloxanes/or the fluorosilicone kilfoam.

U.S. Patent No. 6,103,673 disclose the composition of at least two kinds of friction improvers of at least a P contained compound and 0.1～0.25% (weight) of the overbased metal salt, at least 0.1% (weight) of a kind of oil that comprises lubricant viscosity, shear stable viscosity modifier, at least 0.1% (weight), and it can provide the fluid of improvement for buncher.At least a friction improver is selected from the fatty acid zinc salt that contains 10 carbon atoms at least, alkyl tetrahydroglyoxaline and the borated epoxy compounds that alkyl contains 12 carbon atoms at least.The total amount of friction improver will be restricted to that metal and intermetallic frictional coefficient are at least is about 0.120, according to ASTM G-77, detects down at 110 ℃.

Document does not openly make lubricant formula contain vegetables oil and full hydrogenated oil (III class), does not have explanation and the suggestion advantage about this prescription yet.Because full hydrogenation III class oil is made, there is not the solvent treatment step, when mentioning purification, it is better than the II class and the III class base oil of production in keeping solvent-refined " mixing " device.In fact, in present available mineral oil, it contains minimum impurity, and this also makes it have tangible performance advantage.

Full hydrogenation technique comprises following three steps: hydrocracking, hydroisomerizing, hydrofinishing.In the first step hydrocracking, most of sulphur, nitrogen and whole basically non-hydrocarbon impurities are removed, most of aromatic hydrocarbons by hydrogenation by saturated.The molecule reconstruct of all the other saturate takes place, and opens as ring, and paraffinic hydrocarbons isomery isomers redistribution etc. are to drive by thermodynamics, and speed of response is promoted by catalyzer.The byproduct of next step of this step and this technology is a clean fuel.In the second step hydroisomerization, normal paraffin and other have the molecule of ceraceous side chain to be isomerizated into branched chain molecule, and pour point reduces significantly simultaneously.Most of remaining aromatic hydrocarbons is by saturated, and most of remaining sulphur and nitrogen have been removed.In the end in the step hydrofinishing, any remaining non-isomerization alkanes impurity (sulfur-bearing thing, nitrogenous thing, aromatic hydrocarbons and alkene) all is removed to the trace level.

Know that full hydrogenation synthetics belongs to former III class base oil, but because synthesis technique, it can be modified and make up (from chemically with from physically) to III class scope.

In the fuel of holding in Singapore Shangri-La hotel on January 29 to February 1st, 2002 and lubricated the 8th annual meeting, the Dave Kramer of ChevronTexaco whole world lubricant provides another piece paper, be entitled as " base oil supply/demand and quality problems ", it discloses another kind of technology, wherein mentions " the next quantum jump that should become the base oil quality to 2007 annual fee holder base oils (FTBOs) ".These oil should have the viscosity index higher than PAO (VI), and are better than PAO and existing III class oil on the performance in every respect.Because the Fischer-Tropsch project is being promoted by environmental protection and crude production rate, the amount that FTBO produces can be considerably beyond the demand of III class oil and PAO.Kline and company estimated that the FTBO supply will rise to 10MMMT, perhaps will account for the moon 30% of whole base oils in 2015.”

(c) these oil in also have discussion in the reference of this patent and following patent: 5,990,055,5,863,872,5,736,493,6,534, and 454B1,6,774,091.

(D) other additive

Can be used for oxidation inhibitor of the present invention and comprise, but be not limited to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), phenyl-a-naphthylamines, be further listed in and explain that the information of relevant oxidation inhibitor exists in the following patent: 5,536,493,5,863,872,5,990,055,6,534,454B1,6,774,091.

Corrosion inhibitor, scattered inhibitor include but not limited to that the front listed with following these: the surfactivity organic acid, alcohol acid, ketone acid, use borated amine, paraffin, imidazolidine derivatives, the alkenyl succinic acid half ester, organic polycarboxylic acid, paraffin, Nonylphenoxy acetic acid, carbolate, phenol with amine oxidation inhibitor, positive structure oleyl sarkosine, phosphorus, carboxylic acid derivative, zinc naphthenate, calcium sulphonate, barium sulfonate, dialkyl benzene sulfonic acids calcium, sulfonic acid magnesium, dialkyl benzene sulfonic acids calcium, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, barium oxide, fatty acid amine, sulfide aliphatic acid, the nitrous acid amine salt, calcium nitrite, calcium acetate, U-Ramin MC, calcium propionate, the sebacic acid disodium, sodium sulfonate, Thiotax sodium, Sodium Nitrite, sodium hydroxide, the sodium salt of succsinic acid/sulfonic acid, barium nitrite, barium bromate, the bromic acid monoethanolamine, dimercaptothiodiazole (dimercaptothiediapole), phosphamide, sylvite, potassium hydroxide, phosphoric acid ester, carboxylic acid amine salt, monocarboxylic acid, di-carboxylic acid, the Yatall MA tetrahydroglyoxaline, the oleyl tetrahydroglyoxaline, vegetable wax, alkyl zinc dithiophosphate, succinimide, ester, or Mannich dispersant or the like, be further listed in and explained information in the following patent: 5 about corrosion inhibitor and scattered inhibitor, 536,493,5,863,872,5,990,055,6,534,454B1,6,774,091.

Metal passivator includes but not limited to: 5-methyl isophthalic acid H-benzotriazole, Methylbenzotriazole, benzotriazole, benzothiazole, benzoglyoxaline and their derivative.The metal derivative of above-mentioned substance and other material have further discussion in the reference of this patent and following patent: 5,990,055,5,863,872,5,736,493,6,774,091.

The viscosity modifier, the pour point reducer that are used alone or in combination include, but are not limited to: food-grade adhesive of the multipolymer of the ester of the multipolymer of ethene and vinyl acetate, polyisobutene, polybutene, polymethacrylate, olefin copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride, the multipolymer of hydrogenated styrene-diene, vinylbenzene and isoprenoid, alkylation polystyrene, the radial polyisoprene of hydrogenation, polyacrylic ester, fumed silica, rubber like or the like.These viscosity modifiers and pour point reducer and other material have further discussion in the reference of this patent and following patent: 5,990,055,5,863,872,5,736,493,6,534, and 454B1,6,774,091.

The anti-wear agent that is used alone or in combination, friction inhibitor, extreme pressure agent are, but are not limited to following material: synthetic ester, the synthetic ester of sulfuration, synthetic ester polymer, phosphorus sulphur, fatty phosphite, phosphite, phosphoric acid ester, bromic acid ester, boron oxide, calcium sulphonate, sodium sulfonate, polysulfide, sulfurized fatty, olefine sulfide, vulcanized vegetable oil, antimony, zinc (zinc dithiophosphate ZDP), copper, tetrafluoroethylene, molybdenum and graphite compound.The part of these additives comprises oxidation inhibitor as multifunction additive, is multifunction additive as zinc dithiophosphate, and it adds in the organism, to delay oxidation as corrosion inhibitor, anti-wear agent and oxidation inhibitor.These additives and other material have further discussion in the reference of this patent and following patent: 5,990,055,5,863,872,5,736,493,6,534, and 454B1,6,774,091.

The emulsifying agent that is used alone or in combination comprises but is not limited to: anionic and nonionic emulsifier also can be added among the present invention, with the emulsification of raising water or the solubility property of prescription.

The present invention also pays close attention to the use of the significant quantity of other additive in lubricant of the present invention and the functional fluid compositions.As, these additives comprise purification agent and ash are arranged or ashless dispersant, corrosion inhibitor and oxidation retarder, pour point reducer, auxiliary extreme pressure agent and/or anti-wear agent, colour stabilizer and kilfoam.

Scattered inhibitor is arranged or replaced scattered inhibitor, can buy ready-made product in conjunction with the complete additive-package of scattered inhibitor and conventional purification agent and/or corrosion inhibitor.The combination of the LZ8955 of Lubrizol and/or LZ9802 or they and another and/or other scattered inhibitor can be used.The up-to-date additive-package that Lubrizol produces comprises Core API SL LZ 20001, antioxidant LZ8676 and friction improver LZ8650, meet ILSAC (international lubricant levelization and certification committee) GF3/GF4 standard.

These additives and other material are in the reference and the patent of the data of Lubrizol and MSDS list, this patent: 5,990,055,5,863,872,5,736,493,6,534, and 454B1,6,774,091 li has further discussion.

Comprise component (A) and (B) or (A), (B) and (C), or (A), (B), (C) and composition (D) can be used for the biodegradable lubricant of high temperature, food-grade-lubricant and machine oil.

When composition comprises component (A) and (B) time, provided the weight part scope of these components below:

Component First embodiment Second embodiment The 3rd embodiment

(A) 5-99.9 65-99.9 95-99.998

(B) 0.002-50 0.002-35 0.002-5

When composition comprises component (A), (B), (C) and (D) time, provided the weight part scope of these components below:

Component First embodiment Second embodiment The 3rd embodiment

(A) 5-90 40-80 60-90

(B) 0.002-80 0.002-35 0.002-5

(C) 20-80 10-20 1-10

(D) 0.001-80 0.001-40 0.001-20

It should further be appreciated that and to prepare enriched material of the present invention.(B) that enriched material comprises a spot of (A) and mainly measure, a spot of (A) and (B), (C) of main amount, the composition of (D), or a spot of (A), (C), the composition of (D) and (B) that mainly measures.

Term " a spot of " in specification sheets and the annex claims meaning is to contain " a spot of " certain material and be meant that its amount is less than 50% of composition weight when mentioning composition.

Term in specification sheets and annex claims " main amount " meaning is to contain " main amount " certain material and be meant that its amount is greater than 50% of composition weight when mentioning composition.

Be appreciated that other component also can appear in the present composition except (A), (B), (C), (D).

According to above-mentioned scope component of the present invention is blended into together, makes effective solution.Interpolation is not influence in proper order, although generally be (B), (C) and (D) add (A) to.

Below be some blending embodiment:

NP343 is a kind of polyol ester of Exxon Mobil (Exxonmobil), and USDA (USDA) is considered as biomaterial with it; Indopol H1500 is a kind of food grade polybutene of British Petroleum Company p.l.c. (BP); PD23 is a kind of white food grade mineral oil of Witco company; Boron nitride is a food grade.

Biological high temperature (HT) baking box rope chain of blending #883 and cable lubricant:

Component viscosity % (weight)

NP343 19.30 73.00

NX5 boron nitride powder 3.00

IndopolH1500 50000.00 24.00

Bi Chong @15.6 ℃ 0.952

Viscosity, cSt@40 ℃ 174.16

Biological high temperature (HT) lubricant of blending #883A ISO100, multifunctional usage

Component viscosity % (weight)

NP343 19.30 80.00

NX5 boron nitride powder 3.00

IndopolH1500 50000.00 17.00

Viscosity, cSt@40 ℃ 96.35

Biological high temperature (HT) lubricant of blending #883B USDAH-2

Component viscosity % (weight)

NP343 19.30 73.00

NX5 boron nitride powder 3.00

IndopolH1500 50000.00 19.00

PD23 2.40 5.00

Viscosity, cSt@40 ℃ 97.19

Biological high temperature (HT) grease base oil of concoction #883C

Component viscosity % (weight)

NP343 19.30 79.50

NX1 boron nitride powder 2.50

IndopolH1500 50000.00 18.00

Viscosity, cS@40 ℃ 131.64

Biological high temperature (HT) rope of blending #883D chain lubrication agent USDAH-1

Component viscosity % (weight)

High oleic acid plant seed oil 38.71 82.50

NX1 boron nitride 1.10 2.50

IndopolH1500 50000.00 15.00

Viscosity, cSt@40 ℃ 156.92

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of by improving the method that oxidisability, stability, reduction discharging volatility and reduction friction, fuel-economizing strengthen engine lubrication.Instructed high temperature oxidation stability, reduced settling and volatility, and the referenced patent of reduction friction comprises as follows: 5,990,055,5,863,872,5,736,493,6,534,454B1,6,774,091.

These patents have also been instructed the collaborative use of two or more oxidation inhibitor and extreme pressure additive, and the benefit of these combination of components uses to reducing oxidation and reducing frictional coefficient significantly.

Remove outside 6,774, the 091 ownership Ashla company (Valvoline), most valuable reference patent rights all belong to applicant and/or recyclable lubricant company (Renewable Lubricants Inc.).

The applicant has been found that boron nitride can be used in combination with molybdenum compound and/or tetrafluoroethylene, to replace certain additive.

The invention discloses a kind of method for preparing the high-temperature engine lubricant compositions of improvement.This high-temperature engine lubricant compositions comprises: 1) at least a biological natural oil or biosynthesizing oil are provided, it is selected from natural or synthetic vegetables oil, natural or synthetic animal oil, transgenic plant oil, the synthetic vegetables oil of transgenosis, natural or synthetic tree oil, and their miscellany; 2) provide at least a boron nitride; With 3) randomly, at least a base oil is provided, and it is selected from synthetic ester, solvent treatment oil, hydrocracking oil white oil, hydrofining synthetic oil, Fischer-Tropsch oil, I class oil, II class oil, III class oil, polyalphaolefin (PAO) and their miscellany; 4) randomly, provide the combination of at least a additive or additive, it is selected from 5,990,055,5,863,872,5,736,493,6,534,454B1,6,774,091,6,620,772,6,624,124,6,383,992 patents, and the provisional application patent 60/474572 submitted to of recyclable lubricant company and oxidation inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor, metal passivator, viscosity modifier, anti-wear agent, friction improver and the extreme pressure agent of 60/502669 screening; 5) mix 1 with random order), 2), 3) and 4), finish described composition.

It is reasonably that the combination that comprises the chemical composition of interim invention causes the friction between the engine moving parts to reduce, and this is that chemical composition has formed one deck film as thin as a wafer in the metallic surface because in the course of the work.

Under in-engine high temperature and high pressure, surface active composition and film successive reaction, form lubricant film as thin as a wafer, under high temperature and pressure, have extremely low frictional coefficient and wearing and tearing immediately, thereby in engine starting and operational process, provide good lubrication.

Below be some blending embodiment, its blending is 10.5～10.7 (SAE30), 5W, meets the temperature pumping requirement of measuring with mini rotary viscometer under-35 ℃.

Bus engine oil (PCMO) synthesizes SAE 5W30

Component viscosity % (weight)

III class oil 4.10 67.35

LZ7070D 1150.00 9.20

LZ20001 210.00 9.15

NP343 4.30 13.00

LZ6662 500.00 1.00

LZ8676 8.00 0.50

LZ8650 8.00 0.50

Molyvan855 55.00 0.15

NX1 boron nitride powder 0.15

The synthetic SAE 5W30 of bus engine oil

Component viscosity % (weight)

PAO4 4.10 9.85

PAO6 5.80 61.20

LZ7070D 1150.00 6.50

LZ20001 210.00 9.15

LZ8676 8.00 0.50

LZ8650 8.00 0.50

NP343 4.30 13.00

Molyvan855 55.00 0.15

NX1 boron nitride powder 0.15

The synthetic SAE 5W30 of bus engine oil

Component viscosity % (weight)

III class oil 4.10 66.70

LZ7070D 1150.00 9.20

LZ20001 210.00 9.15

NP343 4.30 13.00

LZ6662 500.00 1.00

LZ8676 8.00 0.50

LZ8650 8.00 0.50

Molyvan855 55.00 0.10

NX1 boron nitride powder 0.10

Tetrafluoroethylene 8.00 0.10

The synthetic SAE 5W30 of bus engine oil

Component viscosity % (weight)

PAO4 4.10 11.20

PAO6 5.80 61.20

LZ7070D 1150.00 6.50

LZ20001 210.00 9.15

LZ8676 8.00 0.50

LZ8650 8.00 0.50

NP343 4.30 13.00

Molyvan855 55.00 0.10

NX1 boron nitride powder 0.10

Tetrafluoroethylene 8.00 0.10

The synthetic SAE 5W30 of bus engine oil

Component viscosity % (weight)

III class oil 4.10 67.50

LZ7070D 1150.00 9.20

LZ20001 210.00 9.15

LZ8676 8.00 0.50

LZ8650 8.00 0.50

NP343 4.30 13.00

LZ6662 500.00 1.00

NX1 boron nitride powder 0.15

The synthetic SAE 5W30 of bus engine oil

Component viscosity % (weight)

PAO4 4.10 10.00

PAO6 5.80 61.20

LZ7070D 1150.00 6.50

LZ20001 210.00 9.15

LZ8676 8.00 0.50

LZ8650 8.00 0.50

NP343 4.30 13.00

NX1 boron nitride powder 0.15

Before blending, when adding base oil carrier and/or bio-oil, the boron nitride particle additive can well disperse sometimes.Embodiment is that 1 part of boron nitride is distributed among 3～10 parts of NP343, but is not limited to this.

Be used for the conventional I. C. engine oil of final production, as the spissated additive formulations of bus engine oil of biotic additives prescription.

Component viscosity % (weight)

NP343 4.30 66.85

LZ8676 8.00 59.00

LZ7070D 1150.00 9.00

LZ20001 210.00 9.15

LZ6662 500.00 1.00

LZ8650 8.00 3.00

Molyvan 855 55.00 2.00

NX1 boron nitride powder 2.00

Tetrafluoroethylene 8.00 2.00

This spissated additive of preparation can be handled 4～5 quarts of I. C. engine oils for 8 ounces every bottle.The biotic additives bag can add petrol engine, by reducing wearing and tearing and improving the fuel-economizing performance and come to prolong fluid usage period and engine life.High-load extreme pressure friction improver and anti-wear agent (LZ8650 is replenished by the friction improver that Lubrizol is considered as crankcase machine oil) and oxidation inhibitor (LZ8676 is replenished by the oxidation inhibitor that Lubrizol is considered as crankcase machine oil, to meet new API SL/SM and ILSACGF3/GF4) are arranged in the additive-package.When adding in the I. C. engine oil as enriched material, the concentrated ratio of these additives is no more than the processing ratio.Engine additive-package LZ20001, pour point reducer LZ6662 and viscosity modifier LZ7070D add by suitable per-cent, to help balance and not dilute existing additive in the full formula machine oil.When full formula is finished, Molyvan855, NX1 boron nitride and tetrafluoroethylene have also been increased, to reach the per-cent of above-mentioned prescription.Biotic additives bag blending viscosity has arrived 12cSt, like this when with additive by about 5% (8 ounces to 5 quarts) when joining among SAE20, SAE30, SAE40, the SAE50, it will can not make to fill a prescription and exceed the SAE engine oil viscosity and stipulate.

By LZ20001 being replaced with LZ4998 diesel motor additive-package, the biotic additives bag can be prepared as stated above, to meet large diesel engine oil standard (HDMO).In the LZ4998 diesel motor additive-package additive LZ8790, LZ8791 and LZ8791Z are arranged, these additives can have been bought, and have passed through the authentication of Lubrizol company.The biotic additives bag also can change viscosity, will the oil of 10.5cSt be joined in higher other oil of SAE12cSt level by standard factory as the old type machine tool to obtain advantage.This can be by increasing polymkeric substance or adding the high viscosity bio-oil and realize.Polymkeric substance can also be sheared more stable polymer improvement by interpolation, as LZ7075F is replaced with LZ7070D.As PCMO blending program, suitable program can be concocted out the additive-package of HDMO.

This advances

Just giving an example for this specification sheets invention disclosed of concrete composition, method or embodiment purpose is discussed.According to the guidance of this specification sheets, the change that above-mentioned composition, method or embodiment are carried out is conspicuous to present technique field personnel, in therefore will being comprised in, as the part of invention disclosed herein.

Providing the front circumstantial letter is for clear understanding, need to understand in this restriction without any necessity, as for change, be significantly to reading present technique of the present disclosure field personnel, and can change to break away from the scope of thought of the present invention and application claim.Therefore, the concrete example that more than provides is not intended to limit the present invention.Yet its content that contains is within the spirit and scope of the application's claim.

Although the interval very wide parameter of the numerical range of invention and explanation is an approximate number, the numerical value of announcing in the specific embodiment as far as possible accurately provides.Yet inevitably there is the certain error that is produced by standard deviation in any numerical value, and this can see in its each test detects.

The present invention has quoted several embodiments and has described.Clearly, by reading and understanding specification sheets, other staff can do and change and change.As long as within the scope of application claim or its equivalence application, application intent comprises all these changes and change.

Specification sheets of the present invention is so far, and it is as follows now to propose claim:

Claims (21)

1. lubricant, described lubricant is characterised in that:

At least a bio-oil, it is selected from natural or synthetic vegetables oil, natural or synthetic animal oil, transgenic plant oil, the synthetic vegetables oil of transgenosis, natural or synthetic tree oil and their miscellany; With

At least a boron nitride.

2. the lubricant of claim 1, wherein, described lubricant is further characterized in that at least a base oil, and it is selected from synthetic ester, solvent treatment oil, hydrocracking oil white oil, full hydrogenation synthetic oil, Fischer-Tropsch oil, I class oil, II class oil, III class oil, polyalphaolefin (PAO) and their miscellany.

3. the lubricant of claim 2, wherein, described lubricant is further characterized in that:

The composition of at least a additive or additive, described additive is selected from oxidation inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor, metal passivator, viscosity modifier, anti-wear agent, friction improver and extreme pressure agent.

4. the lubricant of claim 1, wherein, described oil be have as shown in the formula triglyceride level:

In the formula, R ¹, R ²And R ³It is the aliphatic alkyl that contains 7～about 23 carbon atoms of having an appointment.

5. the lubricant of claim 4, wherein, described aliphatic alkyl is selected from aliphatic hydrocarbon group, substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group and heteroatom group.

6. the lubricant of claim 5, wherein, described triglyceride level has about 60% or more oleic acid.

7. the lubricant of claim 4, wherein, described triglyceride level has about 60% or higher single saturation characteristics.

8. the lubricant of claim 7, wherein, described triglyceride level has about 70% or higher single saturation characteristics.

9. the lubricant of claim 8, wherein, the triglyceride level of moulding has about 80% or higher single saturation characteristics.

10. the lubricant of claim 1, wherein, described oil account for lubricant weight about 5%～about 99.9%, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 50%.

11. the lubricant of claim 10, wherein, described oil account for lubricant weight about 65%～about 99.9%, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 35%.

12. the lubricant of claim 11, wherein, described oil account for lubricant weight about 95%～about 99.998%, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 5%.

13. the lubricant of claim 3, wherein, described bio-oil accounts for about 5%～about 90% of lubricant weight, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 80%, described base oil account for lubricant weight about 20%～about 80%, described additive accounts for about 0.001%～about 80% of lubricant weight.

14. the lubricant of claim 13, wherein, described bio-oil accounts for about 40%～about 80% of lubricant weight, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 35%, described base oil account for lubricant weight about 10%～about 20%, described additive accounts for about 0.001%～about 40% of lubricant weight.

15. the lubricant of claim 14, wherein, described bio-oil accounts for about 60%～about 90% of lubricant weight, boron nitride accounts for 0.002% of lubricant weight～about 5%, described base oil account for lubricant weight about 1%～about 10%, described additive accounts for about 0.001%～about 20% of lubricant weight.

16. the lubricant of claim 1, wherein, described oil account for lubricant weight about 50% or still less; Boron nitride accounts for the about 50% of lubricant weight, or more.

17. the lubricant of claim 3, wherein, described bio-oil account for lubricant weight about 50% or still less; Base oil, boron nitride and additive account for altogether lubricant weight about 50% or more.

18. the lubricant of claim 3, wherein, described bio-oil, boron nitride and additive account for altogether lubricant weight about 50% or still less, described base oil account for lubricant weight about 50% or more.

19. a method that improves equipment lubrication the method is characterized in that following steps:

At least a boron nitride is mixed with at least a bio-oil, and described bio-oil is selected from natural or synthetic vegetables oil, natural or synthetic animal oil, transgenic plant oil, the synthetic vegetables oil of transgenosis, natural or synthetic tree oil and their miscellany; With

The oil and the boron nitride of significant quantity are added in the equipment.

20. the method for claim 19, wherein, described method is further characterized in that following steps:

Before adding equipment to, at least a base oil is mixed with bio-oil and boron nitride, and described base oil is selected from synthetic ester, solvent treatment oil, hydrocracking oil white oil, full hydrogenation synthetic oil, Fischer-Tropsch oil, I class oil, II class oil, III class oil, polyalphaolefin (PAO) and their miscellany.

21. the method for claim 20, wherein, described method is characterised in that following steps:

Before adding equipment to, the composition of at least a additive or additive is mixed with bio-oil, base oil and boron nitride, and described additive is selected from oxidation inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor, metal passivator, viscosity modifier, anti-wear agent, friction improver and extreme pressure agent.