CN1012159B - Process and tool for loading bulk goods in ship - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention comprises a new bulk cargo shipping technology without bulk cargo accumulation on a wharf apron and a special bulk cargo shipping tool for executing the technology. The shipping tool comprises a large-sized bulk cargo hopper with an eccentric shaft, and an unloading frame on a ship hold opening. The hopper which is loaded at a back yard is carried to the wharf apron by a large-sized transport vehicle through metering by a weighbridge, the hopper which is directly hung to a ship hold from the vehicle is placed on the unloading frame, bulk cargoes are discharged to the ship hold by means of the lopsidedness of the bulk cargoes, and an empty hopper which is hung to the transport vehicle is returned to the back yard. The present invention solves the problems of low efficiency, environment pollution, inaccurate metering, etc. existing in the bulk cargo shipping operation of an ordinary multipurpose wharf for a long time.

Description

Process and tool for loading bulk goods in ship

The present invention relates to the bulk goods operation technique and the bulk shipping tool of common multipurpose terminal.

Common multipurpose terminal carries out the loading bulk goods in ship operation, general uses grab bucket, and its technological process is: stock ground, rear entrucking operation → level transportation operation → wharf apron operation → grab bucket extracting operation of unloading.The shortcoming that is difficult to overcome below this technology that generally adopts exists: at first be that shipment efficient is low, the extracting of common grab bucket is than low, and one 5 tons grab bucket is once grasped and only reached 3～4 tons.Second shortcoming is that metering is inaccurate, generally adopts drauht to infer, error is very big, loses more serious.The 3rd shortcoming is that the grab bucket operation is single rope control grab bucket, the big control difficulty of swing, when needs half-twist or 180 ° more so.And be difficult to close a position.The 4th shortcoming is contaminated environment, and bulk goods is deposited in the wharf apron, unloads and grab bucket is rushed down leakage and can be made bulk goods all be everywhere.As adorn the coal that looses and can make harbour a slice black, operating environment is abominable.Last shortcoming is that the harbour degree of utilization is low, and a kind of bulk goods has been unkitted the ship kind that can not change in the berth.The bulk granular material freight container that a kind of tilting bottom is arranged in the prior art, (SU986834/1987.1.7) its unloading mode is the side base plate of kicking up, the discharge door that material is opened from opposite side tank wall bottom skids off.The situation that the bulk cargo material is stuck in unloading door-hinge and base plate movable axis takes place in the active tilt base arrangement complexity of this freight container easily.Also have a kind of bulk granular material freight container (AU8778680/7987.9.18) of the unloading of tumbling in addition but will make it to unload behind the certain angle with motor driven on the structure of this freight container.Very inconvenient in the use.

The objective of the invention is to change existing wharf apron and pile up in common multipurpose terminal application, the loading bulk goods in ship operation technique of grab bucket shipment, and be that the enforcement design of new processes goes out special-purpose shipping tool.

The present invention program partly constitutes by two, first loading bulk goods in ship new process, and it two is to implement the used special-purpose bulk shipping tool of new process.

The characteristics of new process of the present invention are that the wharf apron does not have the bulk goods accumulation, its particular content is with normally used bulk goods truck changing of design, become the vehicle-mounted hopper for bulk cargo of drag slab, loading bulk goods in ship technology becomes: the loading of stock ground, rear, through the level transportation hopper is dragged to the wharf apron by trailer, directly in the ship storehouse, unload with the suspender hopper of slinging, in the horizontal transportation of hopper, bulk goods is measured.Technology of the present invention and conventional process flow compare scheme drawing as shown in Figure 1.

The designing requirement of the special-purpose bulk shipping tool of the present invention is that capacity is big, and haul lifting control and unloading are convenient.The design's content is by a kind of large-scale hopper of the specifications design of van container, and lifting is four rope controls, unloads in the ship Hatch Opening unloading mode of taking to tumble.Its concrete design plan is as shown in Figure 2:

The description of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is that scheme drawing is compared in technology of the present invention and traditional loading bulk goods in ship technological process.

Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment design diagram of bulk shipping tool of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a hopper transit condition scheme drawing.

To graphic explanation:

Ship Hatch Opening 1, bearing 2, pole 3, hopper groove 4, eccentric shaft 5, paraxial horizontal side channel helps 6, the horizontal side channel of axle far away group 7, inner reinforced plate 8, outer gusset 9, Horizontal Branch guard bar 10 vertically props up guard bar 11, snap ring 12, rope 13, quick hook 14, suspender rope 15, suspender 16.Figure 1A shows old technology, and Figure 1B shows new process.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings loading bulk goods in ship technology of the present invention and special-purpose bulk shipping tool technical scheme are further given explanation:

As shown in Figure 1, unloading operation in nonexistent code head forward position in the technology of the present invention.Bulk goods to the wharf apron, directly is discharged into goods ship storehouse with suspender through level transportation operation in hopper is packed in the stock ground, rear into.

As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, the special-purpose bulk shipping tool of the present invention comprises two parts, the large-scale hopper for bulk cargo of the first, and its two Hatch Opening unloads shelf.Hopper for bulk cargo of the present invention a kind of simple, practical design plan as shown in Figure 2, its structure comprise one long, wide, the bucket 4 that high standard is identical with van container, in the vertical two ends of the hopper ledge outside concentric eccentric shaft 5 is arranged, paraxial horizontal side channel helps 6 perpendicular to bottom land, the horizontal side channel of axle far away is helped 7 flares, become the obtuse angle with bottom land, ledge has the reinforcing gusset, vertical gusset 8 is arranged in the ledge 6, and the outer vertical gusset 9 of ledge 7 is become one with a guard bar 10,11, Horizontal Branch guard bar 10 is on the position of same horizontal surface with bottom land, snap ring 12 is equipped with in vertical guard bar 11 upper end that are positioned at four jiaos of ledges, has length to approximate the connection rope 13 of hopper height on the snap ring 12, and rope 13 free ends have quick hook 14, suspender has four suspention ropes 15 for 16 4 jiaos, can articulate fast with rope 13 usefulness hook 14 or separate.Hatch Opening unloads shelf and supports by two groups of bearings 2 that are placed on ship Hatch Opening 1 both sides with by bearing 2, and crossbearer constitutes in the pole 3 in the ship Hatch Opening sky.The using method of the design's shipping tool is, the design's hopper is placed on the van container transport trolley, the goods yard is contained in bulk goods in the hopper in the wings, by directly being transported to the wharf apron after the electronic loadometer metering, directly winch to the ship Hatch Opening with suspender from transportation, eccentric shaft 5 load on pole 3, is loosened the suspender hopper with self lay particular stress on from 90 ° of the horizontal lateral wall 7 direction tippings of trend axle far away, and the interior bulk goods that will struggle against all is discharged in the ship storehouse.The hopper of slinging again is placed on and returns the loading of goods yard, rear on the transport trolley.For ease of connecting suspender 16, on the snap ring 12 of four jiaos in hopper, give the rope 13 that length approximates groove height degree is housed earlier, rope 13 is suspended in outside the groove in transportation, when wharf apron loading and unloading hopper, operating personal just can use quick hook 14 to be connected under transport trolley to free rope 13 and rope 15.The horizontal side channel of design-calculated hopper flare of the present invention helps 7 flares and bottom land horizontal-extending wire clamp angle to be advisable with 60 °.The Horizontal Branch guard bar can also be used to close a position, and gos deep in the storehouse as need, just as long as turn to 90 ° can accomplish the hopper level.

Therefore shipping tool of the present invention has following advantage: at first hopper capacity is big, can load 20 tons of bulk goods, and it is very high to load efficient onto ship, in the wharf apron shipment, a hopper is only used two minutes, and one day by work calculating in 18 hours, one pair of suspender can fill 10800 tons of bulk goods, be the grab bucket can't than. Next is simple to operate, can be easy to control the job position of hopper with four lifting ropes. The hopper that the 3rd advantage is the design and unload shelf, frame for movement is extremely simple, can not produce mechanical breakdown in operation. Technics of shipment of the present invention also has obvious advantage: the wharf apron does not have the bulk goods accumulation can make simultaneously operation of multiple ship kind in the same berth, and conversion ship kind is not subjected to the restriction of bulk goods operation therebetween, has improved the harbour utilization rate. No bulk goods is piled up the environmental pollution that can also avoid some bulk goods to bring, and simultaneously available electron weighbridge metering in the horizontal operation process of hopper becomes manifest to carry the data-printings such as date of contained bulk goods, time, gross weight, net weight Supply with the owner of cargo and shipowner, reduce metering loss.

The loading bulk goods in ship wharf apron that the present invention proposes does not have bulk goods build up process and special-purpose shipping tool and has solved for a long time variety of issue of indeterminable, loading bulk goods in ship of common multipurpose bulk cargo terminals, has high practical value.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of wharf apron loading bulk goods in ship technology, be specially adapted to the bulk goods operation of common multipurpose terminal, the characteristics of technology of the present invention are to adopt by the special-purpose hopper for bulk cargo of van container transport trolley carrying and frame in the special-purpose emptying equipment of ship Hatch Opening, implement loading in goods yard, harbour rear through level transportation operation, and in horizontal transportation, measure, bucket special transports the wharf apron to and just directly winches to ship Hatch Opening frame on special-purpose emptying equipment, and bulk goods unloads to the storehouse in will struggling against.

2, a kind of wharf apron that is used for does not have special-purpose hopper for bulk cargo and the ship storehouse emptying equipment of piling up loading bulk goods in ship technology, and characteristics of the present invention are that there is concentric eccentric shaft in the ledge outside, the vertical two ends of hopper for bulk cargo; The both lateral sides ledge is asymmetric, and paraxial ledge is perpendicular to bottom land, and axial trough far away helps flare to become the obtuse angle with bottom land; There is a guard bar in the outside of flare ledge; Ledge has gusset to reinforce, the flare groove at the gusset in the outside perpendicular to the bottom land plane, become one with a guard bar; Emptying equipment is made up of the pole of bolster eccentric shaft and the bearing that supports pole, and bearing is placed on the Hatch Opening both sides of unloading, and the pole crossbearer is in the Hatch Opening sky, the spacing of two poles with the allowable offset pedestal thereon, hopper can overturn betwixt and be as the criterion.

3, described hopper of a kind of claim 2 and emptying equipment, it is characterized in that hopper flare ledge and bottom land horizontal-extending wire clamp angle are 60 °, the hopper ledge has snap ring for four jiaos, and the rope that approximates the ledge height is arranged on the snap ring, and the rope free end has quick hook to connect with the suspender rope.

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