CN101209668A - Heat radiating method for fuel cell car - Google Patents
Heat radiating method for fuel cell car Download PDFInfo
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- CN101209668A CN101209668A CNA2006101480459A CN200610148045A CN101209668A CN 101209668 A CN101209668 A CN 101209668A CN A2006101480459 A CNA2006101480459 A CN A2006101480459A CN 200610148045 A CN200610148045 A CN 200610148045A CN 101209668 A CN101209668 A CN 101209668A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat dissipation method used for a fuel cell car. The method comprises the design of a radiator and a cooling heat dissipation fluid. The invention is characterized in that the radiator comprises a main radiator and a plurality of abnormal shaped radiators; the main radiator is arranged at the position of a headstock where the air forms positive pressure in driving; the abnormal shaped radiators are respectively dispersed in other usable spaces of a vehicle body; all the abnormal shaped radiators are connected in series or in parallel and connected with the main radiator; the cooling heat dissipation fluid comprises an independent or a plurality of mixed cooling heat dissipation fluid materials which can absorb and store a plurality of latent heat with the specific heat more than one; the cooling head dissipation fluid absorbs the heat by generating phase transition when flowing through the operational fuel cell engine; the heat is then dispersed into the environment by reverse phase transition after the cooling heat dissipation fluid flows out of galvanic pile. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of good heat dissipation effect and stable operation, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the accessory equipment of fuel cell, relate in particular to the heat dissipating method that a kind of fuel-cell car is used.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen fuel and oxidizer can be changed into electric energy and resultant of reaction.The internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly are called for short MEA), and membrane electrode (MEA) is made up of as carbon paper a PEM, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder.The catalyst that contains the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion on two boundary surfaces of film and carbon paper is as the metal platinum catalyst.The electronics that the membrane electrode both sides can will take place to generate in the electrochemical reaction process with conductive body is drawn by external circuit, constitutes current return.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porosity diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and electrochemical reaction takes place on catalyst surface, lose electronics, form positive ion, positive ion can pass PEM by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidizer (as oxygen), as air, pass porosity diffusion material (carbon paper), and the generation electrochemical reaction obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms negative ion by infiltration.The positive ion of coming in the anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms resultant of reaction.
Adopting hydrogen is fuel, and the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidizer (or pure oxygen is an oxidizer), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen positive ion (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of positive column.PEM helps the hydrogen positive ion to move to cathode region from the positive column.In addition, PEM is separated the air-flow and the oxygen air-flow of hydrogen fuel, they can not mixed mutually and produces explosive type reaction.
At cathode region, oxygen obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms negative ion, and moves the hydrogen positive ion reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the positive column.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be expressed in order to following equation:
Anode reaction: H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O
2+ 2H
++ 2e → H
2O
In the representative type Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, leads the surface that the membrane electrode plate contacts with membrane electrode for every and mills quarter by die casting, punching press or machinery, forms the flame diversion trough of one or more at least.These lead the pole plate that the membrane electrode plate can be a metallic material, also can be the pole plates of graphite material.These lead positive column and cathode region that water conservancy diversion duct on the membrane electrode plate and flame diversion trough import fuel and oxidizer the membrane electrode both sides respectively.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the guide plate of anode fuel and the guide plate of cathode oxidant.These guide plates are both as current collector plate, also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, flame diversion trough on the guide plate acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of anode, cathode surface with oxidizer, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation process.
In order to increase the gross horsepower of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells can be connected into battery pack or be unified into battery pack by the mode that tiles usually by straight folded mode.In straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be flame diversion trough on the two sides of a pole plate, and wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together by certain way and forms a battery pack.Battery pack tightens together by front end-plate, lower back panel and pull bar usually and becomes one.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or the hydrogen-rich gas that obtained by methyl alcohol, natural fuels, gasoline) and oxidizer (mainly being oxygen or air) in the flame diversion trough of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (as water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermal reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated and take battery pack out of after dispel the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidizer, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel cells or on two end plates.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be used as the power system of means of deliverys such as all cars, ship, can make hand-held design, movable type, fixed power generation assembly again.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is generally with hydrogen or contain portly hydrogen or alcohols is made fuel.As car, ship power system or movable type, stationary power generation station the time, generally use air oxidant.
When used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell is done car, ship power system or movable type, stationary power generation station, must comprise battery pile, fuel supply, air supply, cooling heat dissipation, automatic guidance and electric energy output various piece.Wherein air supply is essential.Electrochemical reaction in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells improves along with the pressure of fuel, oxidizer air and accelerates.
At present the internal-combustion engines vehicle radiator is located at the headstock dead ahead, powerful air positive pressure when utilizing high speed traveling, and the heat radiation of facining the wind is very fast.But the operating temperature of fuel battery engines is too low, and too little with the temperature difference of environment, the common radiator dissipating area is too little, and a large amount of heat can not loose, thereby causes fuel battery engines to burn out.
General fuel battery engines adopt usually deionized water as cooling fluid, but after winter, room temperature dropped to below 0 ℃, deionized water easily freezes, can't in pipeline, flow, even may destroy pipeline, when summer, room temperature was higher, the temperature difference of deionized water and engine operating temperature was too little, also can't reach radiating effect.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of good heat dissipation effect in order to overcome the defective that above-mentioned prior art exists, make full use of the heat dissipating method that the fuel-cell car in space is used.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: the heat dissipating method that a kind of fuel-cell car is used, it is characterized in that, this method comprises the design of radiator, cooling heat dissipation fluid, it is characterized in that, described radiator comprises a main radiator, a plurality of special-shaped radiatores, main radiator is arranged in the position that headstock driving air forms malleation, a plurality of special-shaped radiatores are scattered in other free spaces of car body respectively, adopt serial or parallel connection to connect between each special-shaped radiator and are connected on the main radiator; Described cooling heat dissipation fluid comprises a kind of cooling heat dissipation fluent material of independent or multiple mixing, specific heat is greater than 1, can absorb and store a large amount of latent heat, this cooling heat dissipation fluid undergoes phase transition the absorption heat when flowing through the fuel battery engines that moves, reverse transformation is dispersed into this heat in the environment and goes behind the outflow pile.
Other free spaces of described car body comprise car body front deck, rear deck, chassis.
Described special-shaped radiator comprises 2～10, lays respectively at car body front deck both sides, car body rear deck both sides or front portion, car body chassis, middle part or rear portion.
Described special-shaped radiator has 6, lay respectively at two of front decks, two at middle part, chassis, two of rear decks, earlier respectively with two special-shaped radiator parallel connections of front deck, chassis, rear deck, series connection mutually again, and be connected on the main radiator or earlier respectively with two special-shaped radiator tandems of front deck, chassis, rear deck, parallel with one another again, and be connected on the main radiator or all be connected in series.
Described special-shaped radiator has 4, lays respectively at two of front decks, two at middle part, chassis, and being connected in series or going here and there and connect to mix connects.
The shape size of described special-shaped radiator is complementary with the locational space at its place.
Described cooling heat dissipation fluid is by forming for dispersed solid nano granule mixes with other cooling fluids such as water, ethylene glycol etc. at normal temperatures, solidfying point is lower than-40 ℃ comprehensively, when temperature reaches the running temperature of fuel cell, cooling heat dissipation absorption of fluids heat, the solid nano granule produces the phase transformation from solid-state to liquid state.
Described cooling heat dissipation fluid is first kind of liquid phase at normal temperatures, when temperature reaches the running temperature of fuel cell, absorbs heat, produces the variation from first kind of liquid phase to the second kind of liquid phase.
Described cooling heat dissipation fluid is selected from liquid crystal, grease, ethylene glycol, the combination of one or more in the metal that discrete particles is very little, alloy, the composite phase-change heat-storage material etc.
Liquid heat sink material in the described cooling heat dissipation fluid can also can mix jointly as cooling fluid with other fluid liquids such as deionized waters separately as the heat-dissipation cooling fluid; Solid-state heat sink material in the described cooling heat dissipation fluid can mix jointly as cooling fluid with fluid liquids such as deionized waters.
Compared with prior art, fuel battery engines car of the present invention is provided with main radiator and special-shaped radiator, and has changed the cooling heat dissipation fluid, utilize material phase transformation to reach the heat radiation purpose, effective, utilized free space fully, and not affected by environment, the four seasons all can be moved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the radiator tandem structural representation in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 2.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
As Fig. 1, shown in 2, the heat dissipating method that the fuel-cell car of a kind of 60KW is used, this method comprises radiator, the cooling heat dissipation fluid, described radiator comprises a main radiator 1,4 special-shaped radiatores, main radiator is arranged in the position that headstock driving air forms malleation, 4 special-shaped radiatores are scattered in car body respectively and lay respectively at front deck two 2,3, two 4 at middle part, chassis, 5, each special-shaped radiator is connected with main radiator tandem, the cooling fluid of the heat that is flowed out by the pile place flows to radiator 3 after main radiator 1 flows out, flow through again be connected in series 5,4,2 get back to main radiator 1, and the fluid behind this circulation cooling flows back to the heat that pile continues to take away pile; Described cooling heat dissipation fluid is a liquid crystal material, and fuel battery engines stack temperature when operation is 65 ℃, absorbs heat when the liquid crystal material in the cooling fluid pipe is flowed through pile and undergoes phase transition, and behind the outflow pile reverse transformation takes place and emits heat.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3, referring to Fig. 1, the heat dissipating method that the fuel-cell car of a kind of 60KW is used, this method comprises radiator, the cooling heat dissipation fluid, described radiator comprises a main radiator 1,4 special-shaped radiatores, main radiator is arranged in the position that headstock driving air forms malleation, 4 special-shaped radiatores are scattered in car body respectively and lay respectively at front deck two 2,3, two 4 at middle part, chassis, 5, each special-shaped radiator parallel connection is connected with main radiator tandem again, the cooling fluid of the heat that is flowed out by the pile place flows out the back from main radiator 1 and flows to radiator 2 respectively from pipeline 6,3,4,5 inlet, after the heat radiation again from radiator 2,3,4,5 outlet is flowed out and is got back to main radiator 1 through effuser 7, and the fluid behind this circulation cooling flows back to the heat that pile continues to take away pile; Described cooling heat dissipation fluid is the grease material, fuel battery engines stack temperature when operation is 70 ℃, the phase transition temperature of this grease material is 70 ℃, under this grease material normal temperature is first liquid phase, absorbing heat when the cooling fluid pipe is flowed through pile undergoes phase transition, become second liquid phase, behind the outflow pile reverse transformation takes place and emit heat, become first liquid phase.
Embodiment 3
Referring to Fig. 1～3, the heat dissipating method that the fuel-cell car of a kind of 60KW is used, this method comprises radiator, the cooling heat dissipation fluid, described radiator comprises a main radiator, 6 special-shaped radiatores, lay respectively at two of front decks, two at middle part, chassis, two of rear decks, earlier respectively with front deck, the chassis, two special-shaped radiator parallel connections of rear deck, series connection mutually again, and be connected on the main radiator or earlier respectively with front deck, the chassis, two special-shaped radiator tandems of rear deck, parallel with one another again, and be connected on the main radiator or all be connected in series, these radiatores can be according to the size and the shape of position design separately.
Described cooling heat dissipation fluid is that solid nano granule metal mixes composition with other cooling fluids such as water or ethylene glycol etc. at normal temperatures, when temperature reaches the running temperature of fuel cell, cooling heat dissipation absorption of fluids heat, the solid nano granule produces the phase transformation from solid-state to liquid state.
Cooling heat dissipation fluid solidfying point is lower than-40 ℃, and can also adopt is first kind of liquid phase at normal temperatures, when temperature reaches the running temperature of fuel cell, absorbs heat, produces the such fluid of variation from first kind of liquid phase to the second kind of liquid phase.The combination that also can choose one or more in materials such as liquid crystal, grease, ethylene glycol, metal, alloy, composite phase-change heat-storage material is as the cooling heat dissipation fluid.
Described cooling heat dissipation fluid can also can mix jointly as cooling fluid with deionized water separately as the heat-dissipation cooling fluid.
Claims (10)
1. heat dissipating method that fuel-cell car is used, it is characterized in that, this method comprises the design of radiator, cooling heat dissipation fluid, it is characterized in that, described radiator comprises a main radiator, and a plurality of special-shaped radiatores, main radiator are arranged in the position that headstock driving air forms malleation, a plurality of special-shaped radiatores are scattered in other free spaces of car body respectively, adopt serial or parallel connection to connect between each special-shaped radiator and are connected on the main radiator; Described cooling heat dissipation fluid comprises a kind of cooling heat dissipation fluent material of independent or multiple mixing, specific heat is greater than 1, can absorb and store a large amount of latent heat, this cooling heat dissipation fluid undergoes phase transition the absorption heat when flowing through the fuel battery engines that moves, reverse transformation is dispersed into this heat in the environment and goes behind the outflow pile.
2. the radiator of a kind of fuel-cell vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, other free spaces of described car body comprise car body front deck, rear deck, chassis.
3. the heat dissipating method that a kind of fuel-cell car according to claim 1 and 2 is used is characterized in that, described special-shaped radiator comprises 2～10, lays respectively at car body front deck both sides, car body rear deck both sides or front portion, car body chassis, middle part or rear portion.
4. the heat dissipating method that a kind of fuel-cell car according to claim 1 and 2 is used, it is characterized in that, described special-shaped radiator has 6, lay respectively at two of front decks, two at middle part, chassis, two of rear decks, earlier respectively with two special-shaped radiator parallel connections of front deck, chassis, rear deck, series connection mutually again, and be connected on the main radiator or earlier respectively with two special-shaped radiator tandems of front deck, chassis, rear deck, parallel with one another again, and be connected on the main radiator or all be connected in series.
5. the heat dissipating method that a kind of fuel-cell car according to claim 1 and 2 is used is characterized in that, described special-shaped radiator has 4, lays respectively at two of front decks, two at middle part, chassis, and being connected in series or going here and there and connect to mix connects.
6. the heat dissipating method that a kind of fuel-cell car according to claim 1 is used is characterized in that, the shape size of described special-shaped radiator is complementary with the locational space at its place.
7. the heat dissipating method that a kind of fuel-cell car according to claim 1 is used, it is characterized in that, described cooling heat dissipation fluid is by forming for dispersed solid nano granule mixes with other cooling fluids such as water, ethylene glycol etc. at normal temperatures, solidfying point is lower than-40 ℃ comprehensively, when temperature reaches the running temperature of fuel cell, cooling heat dissipation absorption of fluids heat, the solid nano granule produces the phase transformation from solid-state to liquid state.
8. the heat dissipating method that a kind of fuel-cell car according to claim 1 is used, it is characterized in that described cooling heat dissipation fluid is first kind of liquid phase at normal temperatures, when temperature reaches the running temperature of fuel cell, absorb heat, produce variation from first kind of liquid phase to the second kind of liquid phase.
9. the heat dissipating method that a kind of fuel-cell car according to claim 1 is used, it is characterized in that, described cooling heat dissipation fluid is selected from liquid crystal, grease, ethylene glycol, the combination of one or more in the metal that discrete particles is very little, alloy, the composite phase-change heat-storage material etc.
10. the heat dissipating method of using according to claim 1 or 9 described a kind of fuel-cell cars, it is characterized in that, liquid heat sink material in the described cooling heat dissipation fluid can also can mix jointly as cooling fluid with other fluid liquids such as deionized waters separately as the heat-dissipation cooling fluid; Solid-state heat sink material in the described cooling heat dissipation fluid can mix jointly as cooling fluid with fluid liquids such as deionized waters.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006101480459A CN101209668B (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2006-12-27 | Heat radiating method for fuel cell car |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006101480459A CN101209668B (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2006-12-27 | Heat radiating method for fuel cell car |
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| CN101209668A true CN101209668A (en) | 2008-07-02 |
| CN101209668B CN101209668B (en) | 2011-09-28 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018133276A1 (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-26 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Electric car |
| CN112151830A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Cooling system of fuel cell stack |
| CN114899443A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-12 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Fuel cell heat exchange device based on flash evaporation cooling technology |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3539397A (en) * | 1967-05-23 | 1970-11-10 | United Aircraft Corp | Fuel cell with temperature control |
| CN2148181Y (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 1993-12-01 | 甘忠杰 | Circulation radiator for car |
| DE112004001832B4 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2013-03-14 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system and fuel cell motor vehicle |
-
2006
- 2006-12-27 CN CN2006101480459A patent/CN101209668B/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018133276A1 (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-26 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Electric car |
| CN112151830A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Cooling system of fuel cell stack |
| CN114899443A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-12 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Fuel cell heat exchange device based on flash evaporation cooling technology |
| CN114899443B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2024-02-02 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Fuel cell heat exchange device based on flash evaporation cooling technology |
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| CN101209668B (en) | 2011-09-28 |
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Owner name: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20150104 Owner name: STATE GRID SHANGHAI ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20150104 |
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Effective date of registration: 20150104 Address after: 200002 Nanjing East Road, Shanghai, No. 181, No. Patentee after: State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company Patentee after: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. Address before: 201401 Fengxian District International Industrial Development Zone, Shanghai Yang Industrial Park, an international one of the 27 buildings Patentee before: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. |