CN101203412A - Highly elastic leaf spring - Google Patents

Highly elastic leaf spring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101203412A
CN101203412A CNA2006800224754A CN200680022475A CN101203412A CN 101203412 A CN101203412 A CN 101203412A CN A2006800224754 A CNA2006800224754 A CN A2006800224754A CN 200680022475 A CN200680022475 A CN 200680022475A CN 101203412 A CN101203412 A CN 101203412A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
spring
layer
layers
supporting disk
elastomer layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA2006800224754A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
福尔克尔·格登科
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ContiTech Luftfedersysteme GmbH
Original Assignee
ContiTech Luftfedersysteme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ContiTech Luftfedersysteme GmbH filed Critical ContiTech Luftfedersysteme GmbH
Publication of CN101203412A publication Critical patent/CN101203412A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
    • F16F1/393—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type with spherical or conical sleeves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
    • F16F1/393—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type with spherical or conical sleeves
    • F16F1/3935—Conical sleeves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/305—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating rubber springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/371—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by inserts or auxiliary extension or exterior elements, e.g. for rigidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/40—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers consisting of a stack of similar elements separated by non-elastic intermediate layers
    • F16F1/41—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers consisting of a stack of similar elements separated by non-elastic intermediate layers the spring consisting of generally conically arranged elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a leaf spring, especially for rail vehicles, comprising an inner and an outer connecting part and at least two spring layers that are located therebetween and are made alternately of one elastomeric layer and a sheet metal layer. The elastomeric layers are vulcanized together with the connecting parts and the sheet metal layers while being provided with different thicknesses. Each elastomeric layer is made of the same material. The inventive leaf spring further comprises a substantially conically contoured support disk that is placed above the thickest spring layer in the direction in which stress is applied. The inner portion of the softest layer initially rests on the support disk when the spring is loaded while the outer portions of the softest layer, followed by the other spring layers, also rest on the support disk in a continually increasing manner as the load augments. The contour of the support disk influences the characteristic curve of the spring.

Description

Highly elastic leaf spring
The present invention relates to a kind of steel spring, steel spring especially for guideway vehicle, this steel spring has inboard link and outside link, and have at least two spring layers, these two spring layers also alternately comprise elastomer layer and metal sheet lamella between this inboard link and this outside link, wherein, each of these elastomer layers and these links and these metal sheet lamellas sulfide, and the elastomer layer of these spring layers has the thickness that differs from one another, wherein, each elastomer layer is by the same material manufacturing.
This steel spring is also referred to as elementary spring, because they often form the initial level spring in the guideway vehicle, i.e. one-level spring between wheel and the vehicle frame.These steel springs can have different shapes.For example, a plurality of independent spring layers can be arranged to the form of cylindrical or circular cone concentrically with respect to one another.Yet level or the formed steel spring layer of uprighting spring layer with different arrangement also are possible.Here, the shape of these spring layers, position and quantity and cooresponding application are suitable.
Normally make independent steel spring, and must obtain a specific spring characteristic curve for each application.Spring must manufacture, during operational mode, spring is very soft when hanging down load, and this is especially crucial for preventing derailing, relative therewith, when load is high spring should be very hard so that vehicle remain among the clearance envelope characteristic (Freiraumprofil).
DE 85 20 180 U1 have disclosed a kind of steel spring, and this steel spring has additional rubber layer, and the Shore hardness of this additional rubber layer is lower than other layer, so that obtain specific spring performance.Yet this steel spring needs restricted stop member, so that limit the length of spring compressed of this extra play.Therefore, spring characteristic curve is made up of two curved portion, that is: soft, the flat part till when this spring is against this restricted stop member, and, hard, steep part.Therefore, this spring characteristic curve has discountinuity, and this has a negative impact for damping performance.
In order to obtain the best performance curve of steel spring, the known elastomer layer of making these spring layers with different materials.In DE 28 19 306 A1 or DE 103 01 756 B4, a kind of like this steel spring has been shown.
Yet, use different materials to require quite high tooling cost, especially when in one deck, having different materials.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of when this paper begins the steel spring of described type, this steel spring has improvement, continuous spring characteristic curve, avoids above-mentioned shortcoming simultaneously.
Realize above-mentioned purpose by following structure, that is: this steel spring has supporting disk, this supporting disk has tapered substantially profile, and be arranged in the top of the thickest spring layer along load direction, and it is so corresponding with spring layer with different-thickness, make the inside part of soft formation at first rest on the supporting disk, and along with load increases, the Outboard Sections of soft formation and other spring layer support successively and lean against on the supporting disk.
This supporting disk produces a continuous spring characteristic curve, this is because as this design-calculated result, under the situation of low relatively load, have only the in-to-in soft spring layer of this steel spring to bear length of spring compressed, and under the situation of relative top load, other spring layer just increase constantly participates among the length of spring compressed.Because this supporting disk has prevented that thick, the softest spring layer is by overload.According to the profile of this supporting disk, this characteristic curve can adapt to the situation of application, for example, and as a continuous progressive characteristic curve.
According to a kind of improvement of the present invention, the elastomer layer of this inner spring layer is than three times of the elastic body bed thickness of other spring layer.
Therefore, this inner spring layer is obviously softer than other spring layer.The hardness of spring layer is to determine jointly that by the hardness of material and the geometric configuration of this layer wherein the influence of geometric configuration is determined by shape factor F like this.This shape factor F represents to treat the ratio of bound elastomer layer for free elastic body area.If by sulfuration permanently is that the Free Surface of the identical and elastomer layer of bound area becomes big, shape factor increases so.The attribute of big F value representation soft spring, and the attribute of little F value representation hard spring.
Steel spring can adapt in the various application with a continuation property curve by mode of the present invention like this, and in this process, do not need complicated method for making, because for example can make the Free Transform elastic body area increase of thicker elastomer layer relatively by omitting one or more sheet metal layers at an easy rate.Do not need to use different materials.
Describe an exemplary embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail.
This unique accompanying drawing shows the steel spring 1 that does not load that is in the installation site with the form of vertical section, and wherein, the points upwards of band connecting pin 3 inboard links 2 also supports a load (not shown) herein.
In addition, this steel spring 1 has the metal sheet interlayer 5,6,7 and 8 of outside link 4 and a plurality of cylindrical-conical, arranged concentric, and the central diameter of metal sheet interlayer outwards increases.Under each situation, conical elastomer layer 9,10,11 and 12 is arranged between these metal sheet interlayers 5 to 8, and they permanently vulcanize to the respective surfaces of inboard link 2, metal sheet interlayer 5 to 8 and/or outside link 4 by the respective surfaces (these surfaces are pointed to the spindle axis 13 of this steel spring 1 and are oriented to and leave this spindle axis 13) of described elastomer layer 9,10,11,12.
These metal sheet interlayers 5 to 8 and these elastomer layers 9 to 12 are arranged opposite to each other, and its mode is to make steel spring 1 have the shape of the tapered frustum that makes progress.
Supporting disk 14 has cone shape in the face of the bottom surface 15 of inboard elastomer layer 9, and this supporting disk with one heart, permanently is installed on the connecting pin 3 with respect to inboard link 2.
This inboard elastomer layer 9 has than other elastomer layer 10 to 12 obvious much bigger radials wall thickness.Compare other elastomer layer 10 to 12, the thickness of this increase has produced the shape factor F that increases.Therefore, inboard elastomer layer 9 is softer significantly than other elastomer layer 10 to 12.
Under load, inboard link 2 moves down with respect to outside link 4, and steel spring 1 is compressed.In this process, at first,, have only inboard elastomer layer 9 to bear length of spring compressed owing to have softer spring characteristic curve relatively.Described elastomer layer 9 is supported on the supporting disk 14.Here, the configuration of supporting disk 14 bottom surfaces 15 has also determined the spring characteristic curve of inboard elastomer layer 9.The thickness of inboard elastomer layer 9 and the shape of supporting disk 14 bottom surfaces 15 match each other, its mode is for when inboard elastomer layer 9 bears completely length of spring compressed, supporting disk 14 begins to be resisted against on the inboard metal sheet interlayer 5, and other elastomer layer 10 to 12 participates in the further length of spring compressed in succession.This just makes whole steel spring 1 produce a continuous progressive spring characteristic curve.
Drawing reference numeral:
1 steel spring
2 inboard links
3 connecting pins
4 outside links
5 metal sheet interlayers
6 metal sheet interlayers
7 metal sheet interlayers
8 metal sheet interlayers
9 inboard elastomer layers
10 elastomer layers
11 elastomer layers
12 elastomer layers
The spindle axis of 13 steel springs 1
14 supporting disks
The bottom surface of 15 supporting disks

Claims (1)

1. a steel spring (1) especially for the steel spring (1) of guideway vehicle, has inboard link (2) and outside link (4), and a plurality of spring layers between the two, described a plurality of spring layers alternately comprise elastomer layer (9,10,11,12) and metal sheet lamella (5,6,7,8), wherein, described elastomer layer (9,10,11,12) respectively with described link (2,4) and described metal sheet lamella (5,6,7,8) sulfide, and the elastomer layer (9,10 of described spring layer, 11,12) have the thickness that differs from one another, wherein, each elastomer layer (9,10,11,12) be manufactured from the same material, it is characterized in that, described steel spring (1) has supporting disk (14), the profile of described supporting disk is the shape of circular cone substantially, and is arranged in the top of the thickest spring layer (9) along loading direction, and with the spring layer (9 with different-thickness, 10,11,12) so corresponding, make that the softest spring layer (9) at first rests on the supporting disk (14), along with load increases, the Outboard Sections of the softest spring layer (9) and other spring layer (10,11,12) rest on the supporting disk (14) successively.
CNA2006800224754A 2005-06-21 2006-05-10 Highly elastic leaf spring Pending CN101203412A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005028565.1 2005-06-21
DE102005028565A DE102005028565A1 (en) 2005-06-21 2005-06-21 Highly elastic layered spring

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101203412A true CN101203412A (en) 2008-06-18

Family

ID=36646222

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNA2006800224754A Pending CN101203412A (en) 2005-06-21 2006-05-10 Highly elastic leaf spring

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20090218740A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1896310A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2008544186A (en)
KR (1) KR20080019582A (en)
CN (1) CN101203412A (en)
CA (1) CA2612907A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102005028565A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2007014959A (en)
WO (1) WO2006136238A2 (en)

Cited By (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102265057A (en) * 2008-12-22 2011-11-30 奥地利西门子公司 Primary spring
CN102401084A (en) * 2010-09-15 2012-04-04 溧阳市振大铁路设备有限公司 Shaft box spring of bogie of urban rail train
CN102829114A (en) * 2012-08-28 2012-12-19 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Auxiliary rubber spring for automobile suspension
CN104864009A (en) * 2015-03-17 2015-08-26 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Method and product for greatly changing rigidity of conical spring
CN105526291A (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-27 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Compounded rubber stopping block and assembling method thereof
CN106090093A (en) * 2015-04-28 2016-11-09 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 Axle spring
CN107429788A (en) * 2015-03-31 2017-12-01 爱信艾达株式会社 Vibration absorber
CN108223644A (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-29 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 Axis spring
CN109236916A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-01-18 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Volute spring and its variation rigidity and installation and adjustment method
CN111055869A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-04-24 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Lightweight axle box built-in primary suspension device and lightweight method

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JP5297602B2 (en) * 2007-06-08 2013-09-25 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Railway vehicle suspension system
JP5297603B2 (en) * 2007-06-11 2013-09-25 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Air spring for rolling stock
JP5069974B2 (en) * 2007-08-24 2012-11-07 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Vehicle suspension system
US8302988B2 (en) 2008-03-10 2012-11-06 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Suspension assembly with tie-plate
AU2012282874B2 (en) 2011-07-08 2014-09-25 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Vehicle suspension and improved method of assembly
US9004512B2 (en) 2011-07-08 2015-04-14 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Shear spring useful for vehicle suspension
USD700112S1 (en) 2012-07-06 2014-02-25 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Progressive rate spring for a suspension
USD700113S1 (en) 2012-07-06 2014-02-25 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Suspension assembly
USD699637S1 (en) * 2012-07-06 2014-02-18 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Shear spring for a suspension
CN102829115A (en) * 2012-08-28 2012-12-19 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Damping rubber spring for automobile suspension
US9085212B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2015-07-21 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Vehicle suspension
ES2709151T3 (en) * 2013-03-19 2019-04-15 Fm Energie Gmbh & Co Kg Adaptive elastic bearings and vibration absorbers that contain them
US9150071B2 (en) 2013-07-25 2015-10-06 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Frame hanger for vehicle suspension
US9604517B2 (en) * 2014-09-29 2017-03-28 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Vehicle suspension
DE102015224744A1 (en) * 2015-12-09 2017-06-14 Contitech Luftfedersysteme Gmbh Rubber-metal spring element
JP6789094B2 (en) * 2016-12-21 2020-11-25 Ｔｏｙｏ Ｔｉｒｅ株式会社 Shaft spring
CN116517997B (en) * 2023-05-30 2023-09-22 中国地震局工程力学研究所 Rubber disc spring device

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102265057A (en) * 2008-12-22 2011-11-30 奥地利西门子公司 Primary spring
CN102401084A (en) * 2010-09-15 2012-04-04 溧阳市振大铁路设备有限公司 Shaft box spring of bogie of urban rail train
CN102829114A (en) * 2012-08-28 2012-12-19 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Auxiliary rubber spring for automobile suspension
CN105526291A (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-27 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Compounded rubber stopping block and assembling method thereof
CN104864009B (en) * 2015-03-17 2017-06-30 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 The method and product of a kind of volute spring significantly variation rigidity
CN104864009A (en) * 2015-03-17 2015-08-26 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Method and product for greatly changing rigidity of conical spring
CN107429788A (en) * 2015-03-31 2017-12-01 爱信艾达株式会社 Vibration absorber
CN107429788B (en) * 2015-03-31 2019-06-14 爱信艾达株式会社 Vibration absorber
CN106090093A (en) * 2015-04-28 2016-11-09 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 Axle spring
CN106090093B (en) * 2015-04-28 2018-07-17 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 Axis spring
CN108223644A (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-29 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 Axis spring
CN109236916A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-01-18 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Volute spring and its variation rigidity and installation and adjustment method
CN111055869A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-04-24 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Lightweight axle box built-in primary suspension device and lightweight method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090218740A1 (en) 2009-09-03
CA2612907A1 (en) 2006-12-28
WO2006136238A2 (en) 2006-12-28
EP1896310A2 (en) 2008-03-12
JP2008544186A (en) 2008-12-04
MX2007014959A (en) 2008-02-15
DE102005028565A1 (en) 2007-01-04
WO2006136238A3 (en) 2007-09-07
KR20080019582A (en) 2008-03-04

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Application publication date: 20080618