CN101201245A - Method for measuring deformation of metallic material in hyperthermia mechanical test as well as observation instrument - Google Patents
Method for measuring deformation of metallic material in hyperthermia mechanical test as well as observation instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN101201245A CN101201245A CNA2007103039677A CN200710303967A CN101201245A CN 101201245 A CN101201245 A CN 101201245A CN A2007103039677 A CNA2007103039677 A CN A2007103039677A CN 200710303967 A CN200710303967 A CN 200710303967A CN 101201245 A CN101201245 A CN 101201245A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of measuring deformation of metal material in the high-temperature mechanical test. First, a support is firmly erected in a safe distance from a heating furnace, a digital camera is mounted on the support, and the video output of the digital camera is connected to a computer by an information wire; two observation holes are opened on the wall of the heating furnace; two marks are made on a test piece right to the opposite of the observation holes of the furnace wall; the two marks on the test piece in the heating furnace are regarded as reference points; the feature information of the two reference points is recorded; coordinates of the two reference points in the image are determined by scanning; the distance between the reference points at the time is calculated; when the test piece expands by heat, deforms by stress or under heat-stress coupling action, the coordinates of the two reference points in the image are determined again, and the new distance between two reference points is calculated; in this way, the axial deformation of the test piece is observed; the method and the instrument of the invention can continuously track the axial deformation of the test piece in the high-temperature test to the steel, so as to effectively improve the precision of measuring the deformation of the test piece in the high-temperature test to the steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to deformation measurement method and the observation instrument of a kind of metal material in the high-temperature mechanics test.
Background technology
In fire-resistant design of building structure and assessment, need to calculate steel construction, constructed of aluminium or reinforcing bar intensity and distortion at high temperature, this depends on metal material mechanical property parameters at high temperature.Metal material mechanical property parameters at high temperature determines by test, and the distortion in the selected gauge length on the metal material test specimen at high temperature must be accurately measured in test.
Because the hot environment in the heating furnace is accurately measured comparatively difficulty of distortion.At present, people mainly adopt following method to steel deformation measurement at high temperature:
First method:
With the more stable material of temperature deformation such as corundum etc. are made two leading-off rods, this leading-off rods is drawn from two gauge points in the metal material test specimen, their end is fixed on two gauge points of test specimen, the other end stretches out outside the stove rigidly, promptly the distortion between two gauge points of test specimen is drawn out to outside the heating furnace, measure with conventional instrument at normal temperatures, obtain two distortion between gauge point.
Second method:
The lengthening test specimen, passing heating furnace up and down and reaching outside the heating furnace of test specimen measured test piece deformation at the low temperature place that reaches the test specimen two ends outside the heating furnace, calculates two distortion between gauge point by correction then.
The shortcoming of these measuring methods is: measure accurately inadequately, the distortion leading-off rods is worth expensive, is easy to destroy.
Summary of the invention
It is accurate inadequately to the objective of the invention is to solve the deformation measurement method of metal current material in the high-temperature mechanics test, the defective that is easy to damage with surveying instrument, and provide a kind of contactless, measuring accuracy is high, reusable distortion in the high-temperature mechanics test is measured to metal material method and observation instrument thereof.
In order to finish goal of the invention of the present invention, the present invention in the following ways:
The deformation measurement method of a kind of metal material of the present invention in the high-temperature mechanics test, wherein:
(1) elder generation sets up support firmly at distance heating furnace safe distance place, and digital camera is rack-mount, and its video output is connected to computer by information wire, after this keeps the digital camera invariant position;
(2) on the heating furnace furnace wall, offer two viewports, on the test specimen of the viewport on the furnace wall, make two marks;
(3) clearly take with digital camera and have the fixed measure image, this image has comprised two viewports offering on the heating furnace furnace wall and two marks on the test specimen, and this image is by the digital camera collection and be shown on the screen of computer;
(4) with two marks on the test specimen in the heating furnace as the reference point, write down the characteristic information of these two reference point, determine the coordinate of two reference point in image by scanning, calculate in this distance between two reference point constantly;
(5) when test specimen expanded by heating, stress deformation or be heated-the couple cooperation with distortion after, this two reference point its position in taking the photograph image changes, scan by image new shooting, redefine the coordinate of two reference point in image, calculate new distance between two reference point;
(6) computer is regularly preserved the image that sends and is amplified, and by continuous shooting and passing marker, calculates the increments of change of distance between two reference point, thereby observes the axial deformation of test specimen;
The deformation measurement method of a kind of metal material of the present invention in the high-temperature mechanics test, wherein: the diameter of described two viewports is 1 5-30mm, viewport hole distance in the heart is 30-50mm;
The deformation measurement method of a kind of metal material of the present invention in high-temperature mechanics test, wherein: describedly be labeled as garter spring, aperture or a witness marking;
The deformation measurement method of a kind of metal material of the present invention in the high-temperature mechanics test, wherein: the characteristic information in the described step (4) is brightness and connectedness;
The deformation measurement method of a kind of metal material of the present invention in the high-temperature mechanics test, wherein: described digital camera is arranged between two viewports, it is the digital camera of 1,020 ten thousand pixels at least, image resolution ratio will reach 3872 * 2592,3872 points are arranged in vertical direction, and the physical size of images acquired vertical direction is at 40-60mm;
The deformation measurement method of a kind of metal material of the present invention in the high-temperature mechanics test, wherein: the home in the described step (1) is 2-5m;
The deformation measurement method of a kind of metal material of the present invention in the high-temperature mechanics test, wherein: the timing in the described step (6) is 1 second-1 minute;
A kind of observation instrument of the present invention, wherein: it comprises: support, digital camera and computer, digital camera are erected on the support, and digital camera links to each other with the video interface of computer by information wire;
A kind of observation instrument of the present invention, wherein: described digital camera is the digital camera of 1,020 ten thousand pixels at least, described computer is a portable notebook computer;
A kind of observation instrument of the present invention, wherein: described observation instrument also comprises: secondary light source, the irradiate light that it sends two marks on the test specimen in two viewports.
Use method of the present invention and instrument, can in the steel hot test, effectively improve the deformation measurement precision of test specimen in the steel hot test in axial distortion by the Continuous Tracking test specimen.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 for metal material of the present invention in high-temperature mechanics test deformation measurement method and the synoptic diagram of employed observation instrument;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of a kind of measuring method of prior art;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the another kind of measuring method of prior art.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be 2-5m with support 7 at distance heating furnace 2 homes earlier, be preferably the 5m place and set up firmly, digital camera 3 is installed on the support 7, the captured object of view-finder vertical alignment of digital camera 3 is taken precision to increase, and its video output is connected to computer 4.After this keep digital camera 3 invariant positions.Offering two diameters on heating furnace 2 furnace walls is 15-30mm, is preferably the viewport 5 of 20mm, and hole distance in the heart is 30-50mm, is preferably 40mm.Do two marks 6 at viewport 5 places on the furnace wall on the test specimen 1, mark 6 is garter spring, aperture or witness marking, and the mark spacing is preferably 40mm.Can clearly take image with digital camera 3 in the test with fixed measure, this image has comprised two viewports 5 offering on heating furnace 2 furnace walls and two marks 6 on the test specimen 1, and this image is gathered and is shown on computer 4 screens by digital camera 3.On computer 4, regularly the image that sends is preserved and amplified by process software commonly used, the demand different according to measuring object, computer 4 is preserved the image that sends in 1 second-1 minute time range and is amplified.Choose mark 6 on the test specimen 1 that two viewports 5 offering from heating furnace 2 furnace walls see as with reference to point in stove, write down the characteristic information of these two reference point, as brightness, connectedness etc.Determine the coordinate of two reference point in image by scanning, calculate the coordinate figure increment, be i.e. distance between this moment reference point.When test specimen 1 expanded by heating, stress deformation or be heated-the couple cooperation with distortion after, this two reference point its position in taking the photograph image changes, by image scanning to new shooting, redefine the coordinate of two reference point in image, calculating the coordinate figure increment is new distance between two reference point.By continuous shooting, passing marker, calculate the changes in coordinates increment of two reference point in image, thereby observe the axial deformation of test specimen 1 between gauge point.
The axial deformation accuracy of observation of test specimen 1 should be not less than 0.02mm.
When the digital camera 3 that adopts 1,020 ten thousand pixels, image resolution ratio will reach 3872 * 2592,3872 points will be arranged in vertical direction, the physical size of institute's images acquired vertical direction will be controlled at 40-60mm, be preferably in the scope of 50mm, accuracy of observation so in vertical direction can reach 50/3872mm, and promptly 0.0129mm satisfies the request for utilization of 0.02mm.
Imgae processing software commonly used in the computer can be chosen the luminophor reference point automatically, and changes into test specimen 1 axial deformation and time relation curve.
In use, can adopt secondary light source 9 by viewport 5 or be opened in two set marks 6 on the irradiation hole irradiation test specimen 1 of heating furnace 2 in addition.
The deformation measurement method employed observation instrument of metal material of the present invention in the high-temperature mechanics test comprises: support 7, digital camera 3, computer 4 and secondary light source 9, digital camera 3 is erected on the support 7, digital camera 3 links to each other with computer 4 by information wire 8, the captured object of view-finder vertical alignment of digital camera 3, take precision to increase, the irradiate light that secondary light source 9 sends two marks 6 on the test specimen.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of a kind of measuring method of prior art; With the more stable material of temperature deformation such as corundum etc. are made two leading-off rods 10, this leading-off rods 10 is drawn from two marks 6 in the metal material test specimen 1, their end is fixed on two marks 6 of test specimen, the other end stretches out outside the stove rigidly, promptly the distortion of 6 of two marks of test specimen is drawn out to outside the heating furnace, measure with conventional instrument 11 at normal temperatures, obtain the distortion of 6 of two marks.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the another kind of measuring method of prior art, lengthening test specimen 1, the passing heating furnace 2 up and down and reach outside the heating furnace 2 of test specimen 1, measure the distortion of test specimen 1 at the low temperature place that reaches test specimen 1 two ends outside the heating furnace 2, as in the distortion of locating to measure test specimen 1 among Fig. 3 shown in the arrow, calculate the distortion of 6 of two marks then by correction.
Above embodiment is an explanation of the invention, is not that institute of the present invention restricted portion is referring to claim to the qualification of invention, and under the situation of spirit of the present invention, the present invention can do any type of modification.
Claims (10)
1. the metal material deformation measurement method in the high-temperature mechanics test is characterized in that:
(1) earlier support (7) is set up firmly at distance heating furnace (2) safe distance place, digital camera (3) is installed on the support (7), and its video output is connected to computer (4) by information wire (8), after this keep digital camera (3) invariant position;
(2) on heating furnace (2) furnace wall, offer two viewports (5), go up at the test specimen (1) of the viewport on the furnace wall (5) and make two marks (6);
(3) clearly take with digital camera (3) and have the fixed measure image, this image has comprised two viewports (5) offered on heating furnace (2) furnace wall and two marks (6) on the test specimen (1), and this image is gathered and is shown on the screen of computer (4) by digital camera (3);
(4) with two marks (6) on the test specimen (1) in the heating furnace (2) as with reference to point, write down the characteristic information of these two reference point, determine the coordinate of two reference point in image by scanning, calculate the distance between these moment two reference point;
(5) when test specimen expanded by heating, stress deformation or be heated-the couple cooperation with distortion after, this two reference point its position in taking the photograph image changes, scan by image new shooting, redefine the coordinate of two reference point in image, calculate new distance between two reference point;
(6) computer (4) is regularly preserved the image that sends and is amplified, and by continuous shooting and passing marker, calculates the increments of change of distance between two reference point, thereby observes the axial deformation of test specimen.
2. the deformation measurement method of metal material as claimed in claim 1 in the high-temperature mechanics test, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described two viewports (5) is 15-30mm, viewport (5) hole distance in the heart is 30-50mm.
3. the deformation measurement method of metal material as claimed in claim 1 in the high-temperature mechanics test, it is characterized in that: described mark (6) is a garter spring, aperture or the witness marking on test specimen (1), and the mark center spacing is 40mm.
4. as claim 2 or the 3 described metal materials deformation measurement method in the high-temperature mechanics test, it is characterized in that: the characteristic information in the described step (4) is brightness and connectedness.
5. the deformation measurement method of metal material as claimed in claim 4 in the high-temperature mechanics test, it is characterized in that: described digital camera (3) is arranged between two viewports (5), it is the digital camera of 1,020 ten thousand pixels at least, image resolution ratio will reach 3872 * 2592,3872 points are arranged in vertical direction, and the physical size of images acquired vertical direction is at 50-60mm.
6. the deformation measurement method of metal material as claimed in claim 5 in the high-temperature mechanics test, it is characterized in that: the safe distance in the described step (1) is 2-5m.
7. the deformation measurement method of metal material as claimed in claim 6 in the high-temperature mechanics test, it is characterized in that: the timing in the described step (6) is 1 second-1 minute.
8. the deformation measurement method employed observation instrument of metal material as claimed in claim 1 in the high-temperature mechanics test, it is characterized in that: it comprises: support (7), digital camera (3) and computer (4), wherein: digital camera (3) is erected on the support (7), and digital camera (3) links to each other with the video interface of computer (4) by information wire (8).
9. as observation instrument as described in the claim 8, it is characterized in that: described digital camera (3) is the digital camera of 1,020 ten thousand pixels at least, and described computer (4) is a portable notebook computer.
10. as observation instrument as described in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that: described observation instrument also comprises: secondary light source (9), the irradiate light that it sends two marks (6) on the test specimen (1) in the heating furnace (2).
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| CNA2007103039677A CN101201245A (en) | 2007-12-24 | 2007-12-24 | Method for measuring deformation of metallic material in hyperthermia mechanical test as well as observation instrument |
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| CN103424082A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-12-04 | 四川华腾公路试验检测有限责任公司 | Non-contact type reinforcing steel bar deformation measurement device and measurement method thereof |
| CN103743356A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-23 | 北京光电技术研究所 | Multi-point real-time video measuring method for building and measuring system |
| CN104330044A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-04 | 清华大学 | Relevant high temperature dislocation system |
| CN104535412A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-22 | 合肥工业大学 | Ultraviolet illumination DIC (digital image correction)-based mechanical property loading measuring system and method for high-temperature material |
| CN104990498A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-10-21 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Power plant boiler high-temperature pipe system macro displacement measurement device and method based on CCD photography |
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