CN207074147U - A kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method - Google Patents
A kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN207074147U CN207074147U CN201720750133.XU CN201720750133U CN207074147U CN 207074147 U CN207074147 U CN 207074147U CN 201720750133 U CN201720750133 U CN 201720750133U CN 207074147 U CN207074147 U CN 207074147U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- array ccd
- line array
- measured
- graticule
- stabilising arrangement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method, it is characterised in that：Including measured material, support, counterweight, tablet, line array CCD, floor light light source, Signal acquiring and processing, imaging len and stabilising arrangement.The utility model is imaged onto the graticule amplification on sample on line array CCD using lens imaging, using the picture signal of computer disposal line array CCD, so as to obtain the change of sample stress markers line position, and calculates the Young's modulus of elasticity of material.This method has the advantages that non-contact, simple in construction, easy to adjust.
Description
Technical field
Experiments of Optics field is the utility model is related to, is specifically that one kind utilizes line array CCD imaging method measurement Young springform
The experimental system of amount.
Background technology
Young's modulus of elasticity is the important physical amount for describing solid material resistance deformability, is that ginseng is commonly used in engineering technology
Number, it is one of important evidence for selecting material, thus in the engineering technology such as bridge, building, automobile, the survey of Young's modulus of elasticity
Amount is all extremely important.
The method for measuring Young's modulus of elasticity is a lot, and most commonly mirror chi group combination optical lever measures, this side
Method adjustment is more difficult, and indirectly measured quantities are more, easily cause larger error.
People are in experimental study, it is also proposed that using laser lever, capacitor, Lloyd's mirror, Michelson's interferometer, split
The device such as sharp interference, Array CCD sensor, differential transformer, reading microscope, optical fibre displacement sensor or means measurement
The method of Young's modulus of elasticity, these methods have one in measurement accuracy, system complexity, operation convenience and cost etc.
The shortcomings that determining.
When being measured using the most frequently used optical lever, measurement process is cumbersome, because optical lever is to vibrating very sensitive, device
In scale, the regulation such as telescope get up it is also very laborious, it is desirable to light, steady, slow, experimental implementation is got up fairly cumbersome.
It is also higher using the mode measurement structure too complex such as area array CCD, Michelson's interferometer, Lloyd's mirror, cost.
Using typically requiring to be finely adjusted sensor up and down during fiber sensor measuring, fine structure, cost is high,
Regulation is difficult.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that solve problems of the prior art, there is provided one kind utilizes line array CCD imaging method
Measure the experimental system of Young's modulus of elasticity.
To realize that the technical scheme that the utility model purpose uses is such, one kind is surveyed using line array CCD imaging method
Measure the experimental system of Young's modulus of elasticity, it is characterised in that：Including measured material, support, counterweight, tablet, line array CCD, auxiliary
Help lighting source, Signal acquiring and processing, imaging len and stabilising arrangement.
The overall structure rectangular frame shape of the support.
The overall structure of the stabilising arrangement is plate-like, and the center position of the stabilising arrangement is provided with a through hole.Institute
State that stabilising arrangement is rack-mount, the plane both ends of the stabilising arrangement are towards the top and bottom of support.
The measured material is in thread or bar-shaped, and the positive middle position in top of support is fixed at the top of the measured material
Put, the middle through hole through on stabilising arrangement, bottom connects several counterweights.On the diameter and stabilising arrangement of the measured material
Through-hole diameter mutually agree with.
Pasted sheet-shaped thing on the measured material, the tablet is between cradle top and stabilising arrangement.Described
The middle position of shape thing is provided with graticule.
The graticule is imaged onto on line array CCD by imaging len.The center of the graticule, the center of imaging len
Position and the center of line array CCD are located on the same line, and the straight line is perpendicular to plane where tablet.
The floor light light source is located at the side of imaging len.
The secondary light source is for the purpose of illuminating graticule thing, while the contrast of prominent graticule and graticule thing, therefore light source needs
Imaging len side is placed on, irradiation is reversely no more than 30 degree with the angle in direction where imaging len and is advisable.In CCD detection
Under the premise of optical signal is undersaturated, light source distance graticule thing is more near better.
Further, the measured material is metal bar or wire.
Further, the tablet is except any of mirror-reflection beyond the region of objective existence is fixed on measured material and does the thing of graticule
Body；The graticule and tablet have larger difference in brightness under the irradiation of light.
Further, the focal length of the imaging len is 100mm, and object distance image distance ratio is 1:3, i.e. graticule is exaggerated 3 times, can
To adjust the ratio of object distance and image distance, if ratio reduces, detection accuracy improves, but light intensity decreasing, misjudgement easily occurs, fails to judge.
What deserves to be explained is：
Measuring principle using the apparatus system in the utility model is：
If a length of L, cross-sectional area is A wire (or rod), is extended Δ by after external force F effects along its length
L, according to Hooke's law：In elastic limit, extension strain Δ L/L is directly proportional to external carbuncle F/A, has
It can thus be concluded that
E is the Young's modulus of elasticity of the material in formula.It is the strain of certain material elongation when being 1, suffered by unit area
Power.
It is of the present utility model have the technical effect that it is unquestionable, the utility model discloses one kind using line array CCD and thoroughly
A kind of new method of mirror imaging measurement Young's modulus of elasticity, the graticule amplification on sample is imaged onto line using lens imaging
On battle array CCD, using the picture signal of computer disposal line array CCD, so as to obtain the change of sample stress markers line position, and count
Calculate the Young's modulus of elasticity of material.This method has the advantages that non-contact, simple in construction, easy to adjust；Specifically：
1) linear array has that CCD pixel is small, sweep speed is fast, dynamic range is big and can adjust sensitivity by the time of integration
The advantages that, these features are advantageously implemented high-acruracy survey, and it is non-contact, speed is fast, environment adapt to it is strong.
2) this experimental system is more succinct, and graticule is imaged onto on line array CCD and operationally more held than adjustment optical lever
Easily.
3) by algorithm interpretation threshold value and image space is calculated, avoids error caused by artificial reading.
4) it can algorithmically realize that automatic decision threshold value and position calculate, may so realize intelligence measurement in real time.
5) rotating mechanism as optical lever is reduced, the stability of measurement result is more preferable, from this experimental result,
Correlation coefficient r=0.9998, the linearity are very high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that line array CCD imaging method measures Young's modulus system construction drawing；
Fig. 2 is curve of light distribution figure；
Fig. 3 is the later curve of light distribution figure of binaryzation；
Fig. 4 is the signal graph after calibration scale and imaging；
Fig. 5 is the Linear Fit Chart of graticule image position and steel wire pulling force.
In figure：Measured material 1, support 2, counterweight 3, tablet 4, graticule 401, line array CCD 5, floor light light source 6, letter
Number collection and processing 7, imaging len 8 and stabilising arrangement 9.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail, but should not be construed the above-mentioned master of the utility model
Topic scope is only limitted to following embodiments.It is common according to this area in the case where not departing from the above-mentioned technological thought of the utility model
Technological know-how and customary means, various replacements and change are made, all should be included in the scope of protection of the utility model.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of as shown in figure 1, experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method, it is characterised in that：
Including measured material 1, support 2, counterweight 3, tablet 4, line array CCD 5, floor light light source 6, Signal acquiring and processing 7, imaging
Lens 8 and stabilising arrangement 9.
The overall structure rectangular frame shape of the support 2.
The overall structure of the stabilising arrangement 9 is plate-like, and the center position of the stabilising arrangement 9 is provided with a through hole.
The stabilising arrangement 9 is arranged on support 2, and the plane both ends of the stabilising arrangement 9 are towards the top and bottom of support 2.
The measured material 1 is in thread or bar-shaped, and the top of the measured material 1 is fixed on the top center of support 2
Position, the middle through hole through on stabilising arrangement 9, bottom connects several counterweights 3.The diameter of the measured material 1 with stably
Through-hole diameter on device 9 mutually agrees with.
Pasted sheet-shaped thing 4 on the measured material 1, the tablet 4 are located between the top of support 2 and stabilising arrangement 9.Institute
The middle position for stating tablet 4 is provided with graticule 401.
The graticule 401 is imaged onto on line array CCD 5 by imaging len 8.The center of the graticule 401, imaging
The center of lens 8 and the center of line array CCD 5 are located on the same line, and the straight line is where tablet 4
Plane.
The floor light light source 6 is located at the side of imaging len 8.
The measured material 1 is metal bar or wire.
Embodiment 2：
The measured material 1 is steel wire, is tested using the apparatus system in embodiment 1：
1) one end of the steel wire of measured material 1 is suspended on support, and the other end applies pulling force by adding counterweight 3, on steel wire 1
It to be close to a tablet 4, there is a rectangle graticule 401 on tablet 4, graticule 401 is imaged onto on line array CCD 5 by imaging len 8,
Light intensity signal is converted into electric signal by line array CCD 5, and signal is delivered to software processing by signal acquiring and processing system；
The dimension of object for being fixed on measured material and doing wire mark can have a larger mobility scale, in the present embodiment
Graticule 401 be rectangle, about 10mm is high, 20mm is wide.Wire mark positioned at the centre of tablet 4 and perpendicular to measured material 1,
Graticule 401 is grown as far as possible on tablet 4, and width 1-2mm is advisable.
Wire marks and the object should have larger difference in brightness under the irradiation of light, using white background black line or black matrix white line as
It is good.
Linear array CCD5 uses the CCD device of TCD1209 types in the present embodiment；Obtained by above-mentioned steps as shown in Figure 2
Curve of light distribution figure, abscissa represents pixel value in figure；2048 valid pixels are added up to, the spacing of each two pixel is 14
μm；Ordinate represents the relative size of light intensity, therefore does not have unit.
2) center of graticule in curve shown in Fig. 2 is determined
Determining the method for the center of graticule is included using signal correlation method, gravity model appoach or binaryzation method etc., wherein two
Value facture has that method is simple, fireballing advantage.Graticule is asked using binary conversion treatment method binaryzation method in the present embodiment
The position at center is divided into three steps：Threshold value, binaryzation, calculate center position coordinates.
2.1) threshold value, the intermediate value (Pth=500 in figure) of the general threshold value Pth number of winning the confidence maximal and minmal values, if sampling
When background light beats it is larger, method of floating threshold value can also be used；
2.2) binaryzation, the part two-value that light intensity is more than threshold value turn to 1, and the part two-value less than threshold value turns to 0, therefore two
Curve after value is as shown in Figure 3；
2.3) center position coordinates are calculated, as shown in figure 3, xaWith xbIt is position of the graticule as the left and right sides after binaryzation respectively
Coordinate is put, then the center position coordinates of graticule are：
If the initial position co-ordinates for measuring graticule center are x1, then on steel wire pulling force increase Δ F, steel wire elongated
Dynamic graticule moves down, and corresponding movement can also occur for the picture on line array CCD, can obtain the new position coordinates x of graticule picture2；Such as
The multiplication factor of fruit imaging len is β, can obtain steel wire elongation Δ L in the presence of pulling force Δ F and be：
3) in order to determine the imaging multiplication factor β in formula (4), the most frequently used method is direct measurement image distance v and object distance u,
Ratio between two is multiplication factor.But it is not easy to measurement accurately when this method measurement object distance, image distance, aberration can also make in addition
Error further increases, therefore uses and determine calibration method measuring and amplifying multiple β.
The scale division value as shown in Fig. 4 (a) is used to be put for 1mm graduated scale at graticule in Fig. 1, imaged rear line array CCD
Shown in the image of collection such as Fig. 4 (b), the pixel count that a cycle in figure is understood after binary conversion treatment is 167, it is clear that wherein one
The length in individual cycle is the result after 1mm amplifications, it can thus be concluded that：
4) test result
Steel wire diameter R=0.692mm to be measured, steel wire long L=815mm, each counterbalance mass m=1kg, often increase by one
1 data of weight measurement, shown in measurement data table 1.
Table 1
Substitution formulaObtain E=2.02 × 1011(N/m2)。
Fiducial probability P=95% is taken,
The uncertainty U of measurement resultE≈8.5×109N/m2。
That is E=(2.02 ± 0.09) × 1011N/m2, P=95%.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method, it is characterised in that：Including measured material (1), support (2), counterweight (3), tablet (4), line array CCD (5), floor light light source (6), Signal acquiring and processing (7), into As lens (8) and stabilising arrangement (9)；The overall structure rectangular frame shape of the support (2)；The overall structure of the stabilising arrangement (9) is plate-like, and the center position of the stabilising arrangement (9) is provided with a through hole； The stabilising arrangement (9) is arranged on support (2), and the plane both ends of the stabilising arrangement (9) are towards the top and bottom of support (2) End；The measured material (1) is in thread or bar-shaped, and the top of support (2) is being fixed on just at the top of the measured material (1) Middle position, the middle through hole through on stabilising arrangement (9), bottom connects several counterweights (3)；The measured material (1) it is straight Mutually agree with the through-hole diameter on stabilising arrangement (9) in footpath；Pasted sheet-shaped thing (4) on the measured material (1), the tablet (4) is located at the top of support (2) and stabilising arrangement (9) Between；The middle position of the tablet (4) is provided with graticule (401)；The graticule (401) is imaged onto on line array CCD (5) by imaging len (8)；The center of the graticule (401), into The center of picture lens (8) and the center of line array CCD (5) are located on the same line, and the straight line is perpendicular to sheet Plane where thing (4)；The floor light light source (6) is located at the side of imaging len (8).
- 2. a kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method according to claim 1, it is special Sign is：The measured material (1) is metal bar or wire.
- 3. a kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method according to claim 1, it is special Sign is：The tablet (4) is except any of mirror-reflection beyond the region of objective existence is fixed on measured material (1) and does graticule (401) Object；The graticule (401) and tablet (4) have larger difference in brightness under the irradiation of light.
- 4. a kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method according to claim 1, it is special Sign is：The focal length of the imaging len (8) is 100mm, and object distance image distance ratio is 1:3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720750133.XU CN207074147U (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | A kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720750133.XU CN207074147U (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | A kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207074147U true CN207074147U (en) | 2018-03-06 |
Family
ID=61513946
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720750133.XU Active CN207074147U (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | A kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN207074147U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107941623A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2018-04-20 | 重庆大学 | A kind of experimental system using line array CCD imaging method measurement Young's modulus of elasticity |
| CN112697045A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-23 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Containment three-dimensional displacement measuring device |
-
2017
- 2017-06-26 CN CN201720750133.XU patent/CN207074147U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107941623A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2018-04-20 | 重庆大学 | A kind of experimental system using line array CCD imaging method measurement Young's modulus of elasticity |
| CN112697045A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-23 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Containment three-dimensional displacement measuring device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105783761B (en) | A kind of high-precision superhigh temperature Video Extensometer and measurement method | |
| CN103760025A (en) | Extensometer and measuring method thereof | |
| CN206990338U (en) | A kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using digital laser speckle method | |
| CN101852677A (en) | Method for improving focal distance detection precision of long focal distance collimator | |
| CN108332708A (en) | Laser leveler automatic checkout system and detection method | |
| CN107403177A (en) | Brightness measurement method based on industrial camera | |
| CN204202569U (en) | Extensometer | |
| CN207074147U (en) | A kind of experimental system that Young's modulus of elasticity is measured using line array CCD imaging method | |
| CN202889534U (en) | Visual angle measuring device for camera | |
| CN109751964A (en) | A kind of contactless Calibration method and device of high-precision | |
| CN205785097U (en) | A kind of manual force application device for measuring material shear strain | |
| CN102022987B (en) | Radiation thickness gauge | |
| CN104034266B (en) | Surface microstructure based high-accuracy length detection method | |
| CN103411534B (en) | A kind of method and apparatus measuring spot size | |
| CN107941623A (en) | A kind of experimental system using line array CCD imaging method measurement Young's modulus of elasticity | |
| CN104359654B (en) | A kind of measuring method of optical fiber image transmission beam both ends of the surface pixel offset | |
| CN101762209A (en) | Zero detector of micro-opto product | |
| CN204269342U (en) | A kind of measurement mechanism of optical fiber image transmission beam both ends of the surface pixel side-play amount | |
| CN2575604Y (en) | Outdoor metering display box | |
| CN208187381U (en) | Laser leveler automatic checkout system | |
| CN206514844U (en) | Electronic level with instrument height real―time precision measurment function | |
| CN105547653A (en) | Double-telecentric-lens multiplying power measurement method based on More interference | |
| CN205449099U (en) | Automatic anping surveyor's level compensating error of compensator detecting system | |
| CN210154538U (en) | Metal structure deformation measuring device based on machine vision | |
| CN207487595U (en) | A kind of Y-axis calibrating installation of optic axis class somascope |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |