CN101200670A - Composite lithium-base grease and method for making same - Google Patents
Composite lithium-base grease and method for making same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101200670A CN101200670A CNA2006101650248A CN200610165024A CN101200670A CN 101200670 A CN101200670 A CN 101200670A CN A2006101650248 A CNA2006101650248 A CN A2006101650248A CN 200610165024 A CN200610165024 A CN 200610165024A CN 101200670 A CN101200670 A CN 101200670A
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Abstract
The present invention provides composite lithium-based lubricating grease and a preparation method thereof. The composite lithium-based lubricating grease consists of thickener, base oil and additive. The thickener consists of 12-hydroxy stearic acid lithium dibasic acid and/or lithium borate, and the mol ratio is 1 : 0.1 to 1 : 0.1to 1. The base oil is mineral oil or poly-alpha-olefin synthesis oil. The additive consists of organic amine compound antioxidant, benzotriazole and barium petroleum sulfonate or barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate anti-corrosion additive and rust protection agent, dialkyl dithiocarbamate or dibenzyl disulfide and sulfurized olefin cottonseed oil extreme pressure antiwear additive and nanometer copper powder repairing additive. The contents of the thickener and the base oil are respectively 6 percent to 18 percent and 82 percent to 94 percent according to the weight percentage. The lubricating grease has the multi-effect performances of high dripping point, good high-temperature performance and low-temperature performance, chemical invariability, colloid invariability, antiwear extreme pressure performance etc., and especially has the repairing function towards a damaged bearing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and a kind ofly have good high and low temperature performance and mechanical stability, colloid stability, an abrasion resistant extreme-pressure by what base oil, viscosifying agent and additive were formed, to the damaged bearing have repairing effect three component complex lithium greases and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with development of modern industry, iron and steel, metallurgical, automobile, the mine, printing and dyeing, industrial sectors such as aerospace are to the height of lubricating grease, low-temperature performance and abrasion resistant extreme-pressure, water resisting property, mechanical stabilities etc. have proposed more and more harsher requirement, lithium soap grease is difficult to satisfy these lubricating requirement, it is proper using complex lithium grease, but common complex lithium grease also is difficult to satisfy abrasion resistant extreme-pressure sometimes, high dropping point, the shear-stable performance requriements, particularly can not play repair to the bearing that is subjected to micro-damage, because traditional wear preventive additive can only improve the lubricating status of frictional interface, thereby minimizing bearing friction is worn and torn and is increased the service life.But it is to early stage slight scratch that occurs of bearing and not significantly improvement effect preferably of frictional wear.
For slight scratch and frictional wear in the early stage appearance of bearing friction secondary surface, by in lubricating grease, adding additive of self-rehabilitation, under rubbing effect, the functional element of additive of self-rehabilitation forms the good selfreparing film of one deck resistance to abrasion in the frictional interface deposition and with the effect of frictional interface base material, can online gentrify bearing early stage slight scratch and the frictional wear that occurs, thus work-ing life of bearing prolonged.
Copper powder adds in the lubricating grease as additive of self-rehabilitation, copper powder under rubbing effect in the lubricating grease shifts to the steel ball surface of friction pair gradually, form transfer film, because the shearing resistance of soft metals such as copper powder is lower than base material, friction is occurred between the transfer film, therefore reduce the wearing and tearing of steel ball substrate material, prolonged the work-ing life of bearing
In recent years, complex lithium grease has been obtained very big development at home and abroad, bibliographical information some about the composition of complex lithium grease and preparation method's patent (as U.S. Pat P3681242,3929651,3711407; Chinese patent CN 1052890A, 1052891A, 1055384A), these complex lithium greases generally adopt salicylic lithium salts two components of 12-hydroxy lithium stearate and diprotic acid or boric acid to be composited, the three component compound of employing are also arranged but the dropping point of these compositing lithio esters also not high (less than 280 ℃), the good not enough (P of four-ball test of abrasion resistant extreme-pressure
BBe lower than 980N, P
DBe lower than 4900N), use temperature-20～200 ℃, and require lubricating grease to have higher dropping point (greater than 280 ℃) in some lubricated occasion (as roller mill tank automobile etc.), wideer use temperature scope (50～220 ℃), better abrasion resistant extreme-pressure performance (the last non seizure load P of four-ball test
BGreater than 980N, sintering load P
DGreater than 4900N), and be subjected to the bearing of micro-damage to have repairing effect to some
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of multiple-effect performances such as good high temperature performance and mechanical stability colloid stability abrasion resistant extreme-pressure that have are provided, the three component complex lithium greases that particularly the damaged bearing had repairing effect are to satisfy the modern industry development to the lubricating grease requirement
Feature of the present invention is to adopt three component compound lithium soaps to make viscosifying agent, adopt Dormant oils or polyalphaolefin synthetic oil to make base oil, added one group of composite additive component: comprise that antioxygen Liu anti-corrosion additive rust-preventive agent extreme pressure additive renovation agent is specifically described as follows with specific function:
1 viscosifying agent
The used viscosifying agent of the present invention is the complex thickener of 12-oxystearic acid lithium soap and diprotic acid lithium and lithium tetraborate, and diprotic acid is sebacic acid or nonane diacid preferably; The mol ratio of 12-oxystearic acid and diprotic acid and/or boric acid is 1: 0.1～1: 0.1～1, preferably 1: 0.25～1: 0.5～1, is 6～18% by the content of the weight complex thickener of viscosifying agent and base oil; Used saponifying agent is the lithium hydroxide that contains a crystal water, and by viscosifying agent weight, the lithium hydroxide consumption is 2～4%.
2, base oil
The used base oil of the present invention is Dormant oils or polyalphaolefin synthetic oil, weight base oil by viscosifying agent and base oil accounts for 82～94%, when the lubricating grease of preparation use temperature, select Dormant oils for use-20～200 ℃ of scopes, the mixture of Dormant oils A and B, the essential property of Dormant oils A and Dormant oils B sees Table 1; Select the polyalphaolefin synthetic oil for use when the lubricating grease of preparation use temperature-50～220 ℃ of scopes, its essential property sees Table 1;
3, additive
Complex lithium grease of the present invention comprises one group of composite additive with special efficacy: oxidation inhibitor is organic amine compound, and as pentanoic or N-phenyl αNai An, the consumption of oxidation inhibitor is 0.05～0.5% of a lubricating grease weight; Anti-corrosion additive and rust-preventive agent are benzotriazole and barium mahogany sulfonate or dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate barium, and the consumption of benzotriazole is 0.01～0.3% of a lubricating grease weight, and the consumption of barium mahogany sulfonate or dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate barium is 0.5～1.5% of a lubricating grease weight; Extreme pressure anti-wear additives is a dialkyl dithiocarbamate, preferably antimonic salt and benzyl disulfide and/or sulfurized olefin cotton oil, the consumption of dialkyl dithiocarbamate is 1～3.5% of a lubricating grease weight, and the consumption of benzyl disulfide or sulfurized olefin cotton oil is 0.5～3% of a lubricating grease weight; Repair additive is that (diameter 20～100nm), consumption are 0.05～2% of lubricating grease weight to copper nanoparticle.
The grease making process of compositing lithio ester of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) saponification: 12-oxystearic acid, diprotic acid and boric acid are reacted with lithium hydroxide in the part base oil, generate lithium soap and lithium salts;
(2) intensification dehydration: elevated temperature in pressure saponification still, step-down dehydration;
(3) high temperature refining: continuing to heat up and adding remains base oil, continues to be warming up to 230～240 ℃ of the highest refining temperatures, keeps certain hour;
(4) add additive: cool to 110～130 ℃, add various additives;
(5) circulation shear or grinding.
By grinding or circulation shear, obtain lubricating grease.
The three component compositing lithio esters that the present invention obtains and existing compositing lithio ester relatively, it is higher to have a dropping point, good high temperature performance and mechanical stability colloid stability, more outstanding abrasion resistant extreme-pressure particularly has the characteristics of repairing effect to the damaged bearing
It specifically is mode
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment prepares the small-scale test of three component complex lithium greases with the mixing oil of Dormant oils A and B as base oil, and the character of Dormant oils A and B sees Table 1
Get Dormant oils A246 gram and experimental basis oil is made in Dormant oils B 106 gram mixing, getting base oil 176 grams that mix adds in the system fat still, add 12-oxystearic acid 33.2 gram sebacic acid 11.2 gram boric acid 3.4 grams, be warming up to 95～105 ℃ and add lithium hydroxide aqueous solution (containing Lithium Hydroxide Monohydrate 12.0 grams) saponification 2 hours, the dehydration that heats up after saponification finishes adds base oil 176 grams that mix, continue to heat up, to 230～240 ℃ of the highest refining temperatures, keep cooling in 10 minutes to 110～130 ℃ of adding composite additives: pentanoic 1.2g, barium mahogany sulfonate 2g, benzotriazole 1.2g, dialkyldithiocarbamacompositions antimony 10g, sulfurized olefin cotton oil 4g, copper nanoparticle 2g grind and evenly promptly get the compound lithium base fat prod.The dropping point of gained lubricating grease is greater than 280 ℃, the last non seizure load P of four-ball test
BValue is greater than 980N sintering load P
DValue is greater than 4900N, and the determination data of example 1 sees Table 2.
Embodiment 2
This example be on middle-scale device to the scale-up of example 1, the ratio of grease composition prescription is identical with example 1, reaction is carried out in the pressure saponification still.Get Dormant oils A62kg and Dormant oils B26kg mixing and make experimental basis oil, get the base oil 44kg that mixes and add the saponification still, add 12-oxystearic acid 8.3kg, sebacic acid 2.8kg, boric acid 0.85kg after being warming up to 60～70 ℃, be warming up to 85～95 ℃ and add lithium hydroxide aqueous solution (containing Lithium Hydroxide Monohydrate 3kg) saponification 1.5 hours, after finishing, saponification opens vent valve, the dehydration of exhaust limit, limit, and continue to heat up.Dehydration finishes and adds the base oil 22kg that mixes, and continues to heat up, and to 230～240 ℃ of the highest refining temperatures, keeps 10 minutes.The multiviscosisty thing is gone to blending kettle, clean the saponification still with the base oil 22kg that mixes, go to blending kettle in the lump, circulation, stirring, cooling add composite additives at 110～130 ℃: pentanoic 0.3kg, barium mahogany sulfonate 0.5kg, benzotriazole 0.3kg, dialkyldithiocarbamacompositions antimony 2.5kg, sulfurized olefin cotton oil 1kg, copper nanoparticle 0.5kg.Grind and evenly promptly get the compound lithium base fat prod.The dropping point of gained lubricating grease is greater than 280 ℃, and the determination data of example 2 sees Table 2.
Example 3
This example explanation prepares the small-scale test (used polyalphaolefin oil properties sees Table 1) of three component compositing lithio esters with poly-a-olefin oil as base oil, and except the base oil difference, the compositing formula of lubricating grease is identical with example 1 with the preparation method.Prepared compositing lithio ester has than example 1 better low temperature properties and oxidation stability, can satisfy the service requirements of-50～220 ℃ of scopes.The determination data of example 3 sees Table 2.
Example 4
This example be on middle-scale device to the scale-up of example 3, except base oil with the poly-a-olefin oil, other compositing formulas of lubricating grease are identical with example 2 with the preparation method.Gained capability of lubricating grease evaluation result sees Table 2.
The basic oil properties of table 1
| Project | Dormant oils A | Dormant oils B | Poly-a-olefin oil | Test method |
| υ 40℃，mm 2/s | 98 | 395 | 42 | GB/T265 |
| υ 100℃，mm 2/s | 10.5 | 32.5 | 9.5 | GB/T265 |
| Viscosity index | 89 | 110 | 128 | GB/T2541 |
| Flash-point (opening), ℃ | 248 | 293 | 185 | GB/T267 |
| Pour point, ℃ | -11 | -10 | -52 | GB/T3535 |
The performance of table 2 compositing lithio ester
| Project | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Test method |
| (20 ℃ of cone penetrations/0.1mm dropping point/℃ Stencil oil-dividing/% similar viscosity, 10S) Pa.s corrosion (T2 copper sheet, 100 ℃, 24h) steam output is (99 ℃, 22h)/(106 ℃ of % wastages, 6h)/and the pouring of g water (38 ℃, 1h)/(99 ℃, 100h) pressure falls in the % oxidation | 265 296 0.5 545 qualified 0.66 1.60 2.50 0.056 14 1 | 270 302 1.2 550 qualified 0.66 1.80 2.50 0.020 13 1 | 275 285 1.5 345 qualified 1.60 2.60 2.80 0.045 14 1 | 273 286 1.6 356 qualified 1.60 2.40 2.60 0.020 16 1 | GB/T269 GB/T4929 SH/T0324 SH/T0048 GB/T7326 GB/T7325 SH/T0326 SH/T0109 SH/T0325 GB/T269 GB/T5018 |
| / MPa 100,000 task cone penetrations, and velocity of variation % preservative property (52 ℃, 48h) level four balls, P B/N P D/N | 1029 5880 | 1029 5880 | 980 5390 | 980 5390 | GB/T0202 |
Find out that from the data of table 2 dropping point of three component compositing lithio esters of the present invention is greater than 280 ℃, the P of four-ball test
BValue is greater than 980N, P
DValue shows this fat except that having the good colloid stability of existing common compositing lithio ester, mechanical stability greater than 4900N, also has outstanding especially high temperature performance and extreme pressure anti-wear, and its contained copper nanoparticle has repairing effect to the micro-damage of bearing.Can satisfy the lubricating requirement of machinery under-50～220 ℃ of temperature ranges and the heavy load conditions, reach intended purposes.
Claims (4)
1. complex lithium grease, form by viscosifying agent base oil and additive, it is characterized in that: its viscosifying agent is 12-oxystearic acid diprotic acid and boric acid and lithium hydroxide reaction, generate lithium soap and lithium salts mixture, 12-oxystearic acid diprotic acid and boric acid mol ratio are 1: 0.1～1: 0.1～1, by viscosifying agent weight, the lithium hydroxide consumption is 2～4%, base oil is mineral oil or poly-c alkene synthetic oil, the oxidation inhibitor additive is pentanoic or N-phenyl αNai An, and consumption is 0.05～0.5% of a lubricating grease weight; Anti-corrosion additive and rust-preventive agent are benzotriazole and barium mahogany sulfonate or dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate barium, and the consumption of benzotriazole is 0.01～0.3% of a lubricating grease weight, and the consumption of barium mahogany sulfonate or dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate barium is 0.5～1.5% of a lubricating grease weight; Extreme pressure anti-wear additives is dialkyl dithiocarbamate and benzyl disulfide or sulfurized olefin cotton oil, the consumption of dialkyl dithiocarbamate is 1～3.5% of a lubricating grease weight, and the consumption of benzyl disulfide or sulfurized olefin cotton oil is 0.5～3% of a lubricating grease weight; Repair additive is a copper nanoparticle, and consumption is 0.05～2% of a lubricating grease weight, and viscosifying agent and base oil content are respectively 6～18% and 82～94% by weight percentage.
2. a kind of complex lithium grease according to claim 1 is characterized in that: diprotic acid is sebacic acid or nonane diacid
3. a kind of complex lithium grease according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mol ratio of 12-oxystearic acid and diprotic acid and boric acid is 1: 0.25～1: 0.5～1.
4. preparing complex lithium grease, it is characterized in that: according to the composition and the amount ratio of the described compositing lithio ester of claim 1, grease making process may further comprise the steps:
(1) saponification: 12-oxystearic acid diprotic acid and boric acid are reacted with lithium hydroxide in the part base oil, generate lithium soap and lithium salts;
(2) intensification dehydration: elevated temperature in pressure saponification still, step-down dehydration;
(3) high temperature refining: continuing to heat up and adding remains base oil, continues to be warming up to 230～240 ℃ of the highest refining temperatures, keeps certain hour;
(4) add additive: cool to 110～130 ℃, add various additives;
(5) circulation shear or grinding.
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