CN101198885B - 具有安装在基座上的接收机的同时双极化雷达系统 - Google Patents
具有安装在基座上的接收机的同时双极化雷达系统 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
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- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于在双极化气象雷达中同时传输水平(H)和垂直(V)信道的方法和设备。本发明的目标是通过将接收机、双工器和极化器设备置于方位旋转关节之上、但置于俯仰旋转关节之下来实现的。该俯仰旋转关节和其它相关信号路径是通过使用在雷达工作频率上的被馈送到俯仰旋转关节之上的耦合器中的低功率信号来校准的。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于在同时进行发射的双极化雷达中布置接收机、双工器以及极化器设备的方法,其中发射机的输出在波导中经由方位旋转关节通过极化器被引导到双工器中的一个或两个,其中该极化器将信号分成水平和垂直分量;信号的水平和垂直分量从双工器经由两个分离的单俯仰旋转关节通过抛物面反射器被引导到正交模馈送器并且被引导到大气中;在接收时,水平和垂直分量通过正交模馈送器被分离,并且经由俯仰旋转关节通过双工器被引导到雷达接收机的水平信道和垂直信道并通过信号处理器DSP被进一步处理。
本发明还涉及一种用于在同时进行发射的双极化气象雷达中校准俯仰旋转关节和相关的信号路径的方法和设备。
在现有技术解决方案中,在方位和俯仰方面使用了双旋转关节。在其它现有技术解决方案的接收机中,双工器和极化器被置于俯仰旋转关节之上。
本发明的目的是克服上述技术的缺陷并且提供一种全新类型的用于在双极化气象雷达中同时传输和校准H和V信道的方法和设备。
本发明的目标是通过将接收机和极化器设备置于方位旋转关节之上、但置于俯仰旋转关节之下来实现的。该俯仰旋转关节和其它相关信号路径是通过使用在雷达工作频率上的被馈送到俯仰旋转关节之上的耦合器中的低功率信号来校准的。
更具体地,依照本发明的方法是通过权利要求1的特征部分中所陈述的内容来表征的。
在下文中借助附图中所示出的例示实施例来对本发明进行更详细的描述,其中:
图1显示现有技术的双极化气象雷达的基本原理(参见参考文献1)。
发射机1的输出通过极化器2被引导到双工器3中的一个或两个,其中该极化器将信号分成水平(H)和垂直(V)分量。根据雷达的工作模式,H和V分量交替地或同时被发送。
信号的H和V分量从双工器通过抛物面反射器被引导到正交模馈送器7并且被引导到大气中。
在接收时,H和V分量通过正交模馈送器7被分离,并且通过双工器3被引导到雷达接收机的H信道和V信道4并通过信号处理器DSP5被进一步处理。
图2显示一种基于上述原理的雷达设计的原理,其中接收机、双工器和极化器被置于俯仰旋转关节之上(参见参考文献2和3)。
发射机1的输出在波导中经由方位旋转关节和俯仰旋转关节被极化器2引导到双工器3中的一个或两个,其中所述极化器将信号分成水平(H)和垂直(V)分量。
信号的H和V分量从双工器通过抛物面反射器6被引导到正交模馈送器7并且被引导到大气中。
在接收时,H和V分量通过正交模馈送器7被分离,并且通过双工器3被引导到雷达接收机的H信道和V信道4并通过信号处理器DSP5被进一步处理。
在这种设计中,双工器3、极化器2、接收机4以及DSP5都位于俯仰旋转关节之上,以便避免用于H和V极化的双旋转关节。然而,这种设计使接收机和DSP部分易遭受机械振动并且使各种组件的放置不必要地复杂。
图3显示用于避免参考文献2和3的机械问题并且也避免与双旋转关节相关联的问题的雷达设计的原理。
发射机1的输出在波导中经由方位旋转关节9被极化器2引导到双工器3中的一个或两个,其中该极化器将信号分成水平(H)和垂直(V)分量。
信号的H和V分量从双工器经由两个分离的单俯仰旋转关节8被抛物面反射器6引导到正交模馈送器7并且被引导到大气中。双关节也可以被用于具有其相关问题的俯仰方面。
在接收时,H和V分量通过正交模馈送器7被分离,并且经由俯仰旋转关节8通过双工器3被引导到雷达接收机的H信道和V信道并通过信号处理器DSP5被进一步处理。
在这种设计中,双工器3、极化器2、接收机4以及DSP5都位于方位旋转关节9之上,但位于俯仰旋转关节8之下。这种设计避免大多数与机械振动相关联的问题并且也避免双旋转关节的使用。
使用两个分离的俯仰旋转关节或双俯仰旋转关节可能导致H和V信号的相位和幅度方面的一些差异。这可以实时地或作为维护操作通过校准关节来补偿。
图3显示使用被置于基座中的信号源的校准装置的框图。该装置是使用单独的校准天线的校准方法的变型方案(参见参考文献4)。
从信号源10获取在锁定于雷达系统的主振荡器的雷达工作频率上的低功率校准信号,并且将该低功率校准信号拆分到俯仰旋转关节8之上的耦合器11中并馈送到接收机4中。
该低功率校准信号可以是脉冲调制的,并且其脉冲重复频率可被选择成与雷达的高功率传输的脉冲重复频率相同,但是如果在校准期间高功率传输被阻断,那么也可以使用连续波信号。
当使用脉冲调制的校准信号时,校准和高功率信号的传输是同步的,以便在不存在强大气回波的所选择的距离波门上接收到校准信号而不是大气回波。因此实现实时逐脉冲校准,该实时逐脉冲校准能够补偿信号路径中的非常快速的变化。
如在雷达的正常操作中那样,校准信号被雷达接收机的H和V信道4、5接收,并且观察到信道之间的差异。
信道之间的差异被用作校准信息,以消除旋转关节的变形效应或信号路径的任何其它因素。
参考文献
1.US 5,500,646A(ZRNIC),1996年3月19日,
Simultaneous Differential Polymetric Measurements and Co-polar Correlation coefficient Measurement。
2.US 6,803,875(Alford,& al),2004年10月12日,
Simultaneous dual polarization radar system。
3.US 6,859,163(Alford,& al),2005年2月22日,
Simultaneous dual polarization radar system。
4.Vaisala patent application:Method and apparatus for calibration of horizontal and vertical channels in a dual polarized weather radar
Claims (2)
1.一种用于在双极化气象雷达中同时传输水平和垂直信道的方法,在该方法中:
-发射机(1)的输出在波导中经由方位旋转关节(9)通过极化器(2)被引导到双工器(3)中的一个或两个,其中该极化器将信号分成水平(H)和垂直(V)分量,
-信号的水平和垂直分量从双工器经由两个分离的单俯仰旋转关节(8)通过抛物面反射器(6)被引导到正交模馈送器(7)并且被引导到大气中,
-在接收时,水平和垂直分量通过正交模馈送器(7)被分离,并且经由俯仰旋转关节(8)通过双工器(3)被引导到雷达接收机的水平信道和垂直信道(4)并通过信号处理器DSP(5)被进一步处理,
其特征在于,
-双工器(3)、极化器(2)、接收机(4)和DSP(5)都位于方位旋转关节之上,但位于俯仰旋转关节(8)之下,以及
-从信号源(10)获取在锁定于雷达系统的主振荡器的雷达工作频率上的低功率校准信号,并且将该低功率校准信号拆分到俯仰旋转关节(8)之上的耦合器(11)中并馈送到接收机(4)中。
2.一种用于在双极化气象雷达中同时传输水平和垂直信道的设备,该设备包括:
-用于在波导中将发射机(1)的输出经由方位旋转关节(9)通过极化器(2)引导到双工器(3)中的一个或两个的装置,其中该极化器将信号分成水平(H)和垂直(V)分量,
-用于将信号的水平和垂直分量从双工器经由两个分离的单俯仰旋转关节(8)通过抛物面反射器(6)引导到正交模馈送器(7)以及大气中的装置,
-用于在接收时通过正交模馈送器(7)来分离水平和垂直分量并且经由俯仰旋转关节(8)通过双工器(3)将所述水平和垂直分量引导到雷达接收机的水平信道和垂直信道(4)并通过信号处理器DSP(5)进行进一步处理的装置,
其特征在于:
-双工器(3)、极化器(2)、接收机(4)和DSP(5)都位于方位旋转关节之上,但位于俯仰旋转关节(8)之下,以及
-从信号源(10)获取在锁定于雷达系统的主振荡器的雷达工作频率上的低功率校准信号,并且将该低功率校准信号拆分到俯仰旋转关节(8)之上的耦合器(11)中并馈送到接收机(4)中。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FI20050544 | 2005-05-23 | ||
FI20050544A FI117950B (fi) | 2005-05-23 | 2005-05-23 | Samanaikaisen kaksoispolarisoinnin tutkajärjestelmä, jossa on jalustaan asennettu vastaanotin |
PCT/FI2006/000158 WO2006125851A1 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2006-05-17 | Simultaneous dual polarization radar system with pedestal mounted receiver |
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CN101198885A CN101198885A (zh) | 2008-06-11 |
CN101198885B true CN101198885B (zh) | 2011-03-09 |
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US (1) | US7495599B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1883837B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2008542698A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101198885B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE461463T1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE602006012965D1 (zh) |
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FI117950B (fi) * | 2005-05-23 | 2007-04-30 | Vaisala Oyj | Samanaikaisen kaksoispolarisoinnin tutkajärjestelmä, jossa on jalustaan asennettu vastaanotin |
US7750573B2 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2010-07-06 | Enterprise Electronics Corporation | Method and apparatus for automatic high power tube recovery |
US7760129B1 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2010-07-20 | Enterprise Electronics Corporation | Simultaneous dual polarization radar system with optical communications link |
US7898459B2 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2011-03-01 | Colorado State University Research Foundation | Adaptive specific differential phase in dual-polarization radar |
EP2278353B1 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2018-02-14 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Weather radar apparatus and rainfall rate calculation method |
KR200457961Y1 (ko) | 2010-08-11 | 2012-01-16 | 주식회사 알에프엔진 | 차동 중간주파수 신호 출력을 가지는 마이크로파 모션센서 모듈 |
US8854250B2 (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2014-10-07 | Vaisala Oyj | Off-diagonal element echo power estimator for polarization weather radar |
US8718528B2 (en) | 2012-01-17 | 2014-05-06 | Xerox Corporation | Efficient fusing and fixing for toners comprising opto-thermal elements |
US9310479B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2016-04-12 | Enterprise Electronics Corporation | Transportable X-band radar having antenna mounted electronics |
CN102998670B (zh) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-03-26 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | 一种Ka频段固定指向双极化全固态毫米波云雷达 |
CN102981163B (zh) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-11 | 西安电子工程研究所 | 天线与收发系统一体化的双偏振天气雷达结构 |
ES2750050T3 (es) | 2013-05-02 | 2020-03-24 | Leonardo Germany Gmbh | Radar meteorológico |
CN103323850A (zh) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-25 | 芜湖航飞科技股份有限公司 | 一种双线偏振多普勒天气雷达系统 |
CN103399306B (zh) * | 2013-08-03 | 2014-12-17 | 张鹿平 | 降低雷达馈线损耗和提高双路馈线一致性的方法 |
CN109633562B (zh) * | 2019-01-14 | 2023-09-08 | 雷象科技(北京)有限公司 | 阵列天气雷达收发子阵水平旋转伺服方位同步装置和方法 |
CN110515042A (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-29 | 成都锦江电子系统工程有限公司 | 双偏振雷达天线接收系统 |
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- 2006-05-17 CN CN2006800179091A patent/CN101198885B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-05-17 AT AT06743526T patent/ATE461463T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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US1601324A (en) * | 1924-04-07 | 1926-09-28 | Tom C Reynolds | Hammer |
US5500646A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1996-03-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Commerce | Simultaneous differential polymetric measurements and co-polar correlation coefficient measurement |
CN1206469A (zh) * | 1995-12-26 | 1999-01-27 | 汤姆森-无线电报总公司 | 双极化雷达确定降水概率的方法及采用该方法的气象雷达 |
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US20080165052A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
WO2006125851A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
DE602006012965D1 (de) | 2010-04-29 |
FI117950B (fi) | 2007-04-30 |
JP2008542698A (ja) | 2008-11-27 |
ATE461463T1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
CN101198885A (zh) | 2008-06-11 |
US7495599B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 |
EP1883837B1 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
EP1883837A1 (en) | 2008-02-06 |
FI20050544A (fi) | 2006-11-24 |
FI20050544A0 (fi) | 2005-05-23 |
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