CN101196293B - Premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine - Google Patents

Premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101196293B
CN101196293B CN2006101193702A CN200610119370A CN101196293B CN 101196293 B CN101196293 B CN 101196293B CN 2006101193702 A CN2006101193702 A CN 2006101193702A CN 200610119370 A CN200610119370 A CN 200610119370A CN 101196293 B CN101196293 B CN 101196293B
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China
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air
burner body
admission hole
preheated
fuel gas
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2006101193702A
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CN101196293A (en
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梁鹏飞
张巍
汪海贵
冯大磊
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Shanghai MicroPowers Co Ltd
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Shanghai MicroPowers Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-mixing swirling flow flat flame burner for heat engines, which comprises a firebox, an combustible gas intake pipe, an air intake pipe, a burner body arranged at top of a firebox, an air pre-heater, a lighter and a water gas discharging pipe. The burner body, shaped as a disc valve block, is evenly provided with combustible gas intake holes vertically and pre-heatingair intake holes along the circumferential direction; the pre-heating air intake holes incline with certain angles with the radial of the burner body; a truncated cone cavum is arranged at internal side at lower half of the burner body, which is communicated with the combustible gas intake holes and the air intake holes; the combustible gas and the pre-heating air sprayed will sufficiently mix with each other in the cavum. The invention is characterized by simple structure, compact size, good mixing of combustible gas and air, short flame, sufficient burning and good discharge, which is fairly suitable for small scale hot air engine.

Description

A kind of premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine
Technical field
The present invention relates to burner, especially about with the fuel gas being the miniature hot air engine burner of fuel.
Background technology
Gas burner is widely used in boiler, metallurgy and glass stove and the outer combustion-ing engine, hybrid mode according to air and combustion gas, can be divided into diffusion flame burner, pre-mixing type combustion apapratus and injection burner, injection burner between diffusion flame burner, pre-mixing type combustion apapratus between the two.The burner that is used for boiler at present, because the combustion space of boiler is bigger, the general employing has the combustion flame of certain-length to come the heating boiler water pipe, but this structure causes the combustion high temperature district big easily, and discharging is high, if the control discharging, the space that just needs the control burning, just must accelerate combustion velocity, improve the mixing of air and combustion gas, shorten the length of combustion flame.Flat-flame burner is owing to characteristics such as its homogeneous heating, flame weak point are widely adopted.Compare boiler, the thermomotor combustion chamber volume is little, load is big, and the combustion volume load of its combustion volume duty ratio boiler generally wants big about 8 times, and longitudinal size has strict demand in addition, so thermomotor requires the length of flame short as far as possible.
Model is that the thermomotor of V160 type has adopted diffusion flame burner, is fuel with gases such as natural gases, the single tube open-end is adopted in the inflow of its fuel, and has adopted two cyclones to strengthen fully mixing of air and fuel gas.This burner has advantages such as combustion flame adjustable length, air preheating temperature is higher, simple in structure, security is good, but has the following disadvantages:
1) air and fuel gas mix slowly and are abundant inadequately, cause burning perfect inadequately, discharge relatively poor.
2) length of flame is bigger than normal, and the combustion high temperature district is big, and the combustion chamber size is compact inadequately.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine, solve present burner air and fuel gas mix poor, the length of flame is big, the high-temperature region is big, burning is insufficient, discharging is relatively poor, and the chamber structure technical problem of compactness inadequately.
The objective of the invention is to solve by following technical scheme:
A kind of premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine comprises air intake duct, fuel gas air inlet pipe, combustion chamber, the burner body that is arranged in top of combustion chamber, air preheater, igniter and waste gas exhaust pipe; Air intake duct and waste gas exhaust pipe are installed on the burner housing body, and air intake duct is communicated with the air inlet runner of air preheater, and waste gas exhaust pipe is communicated with the waste gas runner of air preheater; It is characterized in that: described burner body is a disc valve block structure, vertically evenly be furnished with the fuel gas air admission hole at burner body, circumferentially evenly be provided with preheated air air admission hole, the radial skew certain angle of preheated air air admission hole and burner body at burner body; The conical cavity that a truncation is arranged in the Lower Half inboard of burner body, fuel gas air admission hole and preheated air air admission hole cavity therewith are connected, and fuel gas that sprays into and preheated air fully mix in this cavity; It also comprises and is used for fuel gas is played the combustible gas distributors of distributional effects and preheated air played the preheated air distributor of distributional effects, the upper end of combustible gas distributors is communicated with the fuel gas air inlet pipe, and the lower end is communicated with fuel gas air admission hole on the burner body; The front end of preheated air distributor is communicated with the air outlet slit of air preheater, and the rear end is communicated with preheated air air admission hole on the burner body; Described air preheater is arranged in the combustion chamber periphery, is annular multi-layer thin wallboard shell-type structure, and inside is progressively expansion from top to bottom, forms the combustion chamber, and outside shell body with burner is suitable; The waste gas that burning produces enters air preheater from the lower end, discharges from the upper end, is used for air is preheated; Igniter is arranged in the burner top near the fuel gas exit position on the burner body.
This burner has been cancelled traditional cyclone, the eddy flow and the mixed function of gas are focused on the little burner body, in order to strengthen mixing, preheated air flows into from the preheated air air admission hole that certain angle of inclination is arranged all around of burner body, and fuel gas sprays into from the fuel gas air admission hole of top, in this process, air velocity is bigger, flame can't be stablized, so combustion reaction can not carry out near the zone of burner body, only can be fast, mix fully; At past lower area, along with weakening of fuel gas speed and air spin intensity, the speed of gaseous mixture reduces, combustion reaction will be stablized and be carried out, and the high-temperature fuel gas that has burnt relies on rotatory inertia, covers whole combustion chamber, forming uniform high temperature gas flow heats the heater of thermomotor, make the temperature stabilization of heater surfaces even, avoid having been improved reliability by the direct calcination of flame.Therefore, this burner has the advantage of diffusion burner and premix burner concurrently, and sufficient combustion discharges, and flame is very short, very helps being designed to the hot gas machine burner of compactedness.In addition, this burner body does not have cyclone, simplifies the structure, and to air preheating temperature without limits, can make full use of the burnt gas preheated air, and burning is also had certain benefit.Combustible gas distributors and air distributor are used for the effect to fuel gas and air uniform distribution, make the fuel gas and the air that enter burner body evenly spray, and fully mix.Air preheater is arranged in the periphery, combustion chamber, and the inner space forms the combustion chamber, compact conformation, and preheater employing sheet metal component is welded cold air process a plurality of turn back loop and the abundant heat exchange of high-temp waste gas, good effect of heat exchange.
Above-mentioned premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine, described fuel gas air admission hole vertically is arranged vertically burner body, evenly is arranged to a circle, and the lower end outlet is near the conical surface of cavity; The preheated air air admission hole evenly is arranged to a circle near the Lower Half of burner body, and its outlet connects with the conical surface of cavity; The axis of fuel gas air admission hole and preheated air air admission hole is vertical mutually, and is positioned at a plane.Help the higher preheated air of flow velocity like this and form eddy flow, fully mix with the fuel gas that evenly sprays into.
Above-mentioned premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine, the radial skew angle of described air inlet hole and burner body are 30～60 degree.At this angular range, the eddy flow effect of preheated air is best, and helps the layout in preheater air inlet hole.
Above-mentioned premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine, the diameter of described fuel gas air admission hole are less than the diameter of preheated air air admission hole, and the diameter of preheated air air admission hole is 4～8mm, and the diameter of fuel gas air admission hole is 1～4mm.The diameter of preheated air air admission hole is big, has guaranteed oxygen-enriched combusting, makes sufficient combustion, discharges.
Above-mentioned premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine, the circular cylinder structure preheated air distributor body that described preheated air distributor is opened wide by inside, with and constitute with space that preheater, burner body, cover plate, combustible gas distributors form; The preheated air distributor body is embedded in the top of combustion chamber, and integrally welded with the preheated air preheater; The burner body lower end is supported on the interior step of preheated air distributor body, and combustible gas distributors has been arranged in the upper end, and is fixed with cover plate.This structural configuration is succinct, compact, and the path that preheated air and fuel gas are flowed through is short as far as possible, has reduced on-way resistance, has guaranteed flow velocity, makes to mix fully.
In a word, the present invention has following advantage:
1) fuel gas and air mix, and the length of flame is short, and sufficient combustion discharges.By above structure, 1kW four cylinder hot-air engine burners have been manufactured and designed, test, result of the test shows: combustion process is stable, flame is the flat flame of rotation, and Temperature Distribution is very even in the sagittal plane, and flame breaks away from combustion chamber wall surface, it is very abundant to burn, and discharge index has surpassed " Europe V " standard with the power internal combustion engine after tested.
2) compact conformation, size is little, is easy to arrange.This structure vertically little more than 20%, has satisfied the requirement of miniature hot air engine compactedness size than traditional diffusion flame burner size.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are done and to be elaborated.
Fig. 1 is a structure cutaway view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of burner body among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of burner body.
The specific embodiment
Shown in Figure 1 is structural plan of the present invention, and this burner belongs to atmospheric burner, is arranged in the top of thermomotor heater, in upper space formation 8 spaces, combustion chamber of heater.This burner mainly is made up of parts such as fuel gas air inlet pipe 5, air intake duct 1, waste gas exhaust pipe 11, air preheater 10, burner body 6, combustible gas distributors 4, preheated air distributor 2, igniter and combustion chamber 8 housings.Air preheater 10 is a multilayer thin-walled shell structure, the normal sheet metal component that adopts is welded, its shape approximation is bell, open-top, the inner space progressively increases from top to bottom, lower end abutment is on the fuselage of thermomotor, and Lower Half is enclosed on the heater of thermomotor, forms 8 spaces, combustion chamber with heater; Air preheater 10 peripheries are burner shells; The multilayer closed wall of air preheater 10 has formed fuel gas and the air flow channel that separates, and when the lower cold air A of temperature and the higher waste gas C of temperature flow through with upper runner, carries out abundant heat exchange, reaches carry out the purpose of preheating than cold air.Generally, cold air A flows into air preheater 10 from the air intake duct 1 that is positioned at the burner first half, through a plurality of turning back, enters preheated air distributor 2 from the upper end outflow, and burnt gas C enters from the lower end of air preheater 10, discharges from the upper end through waste gas exhaust pipe 11.This air preheater 10 is simple in structure, and compact appearance often adopts resistant to elevated temperatures heat-resisting steel sheet and plate punching press to be welded, and technology is very simple, and cost is lower.
Burner body 6 is core parts of whole burner, the mobile coupling of air A, fuel gas B, the tissue of mixing and burning have been determined, it is arranged in the upper end of burner, and promptly the top of combustion chamber 8 is connected with combustible gas distributors 4 with preheated air distributor 2 respectively.The structure of burner body 6 is shown in Fig. 2,3, it is a disc valve block structure, vertically just axially evenly be furnished with some fuel gas air admission holes 602 at it, fuel gas air admission hole 602 is generally evenly arranged along a circumference, direction is perpendicular to the upper surface of burner body 6, certainly fuel gas air admission hole 602 also can be inclined to certain angle, makes the gas of ejection form swirling eddy.The diameter of fuel gas air admission hole 602 and quantity are decided according to the size of hot gas machine burner, and as for the miniature hot air engine below the 10kW, its diameter is generally 1～4mm, and number is 10～30.At burner body 6 circumferencial directions, Lower Half near the face of cylinder, evenly be provided with a circle preheated air air admission hole 601, the radial skew certain angle of preheated air air admission hole 601 and burner body 6, it is the axis center line by burner body 6 of preheated air air admission hole 601, the angle that tilts is according to length, the diameter of combustion chamber 8 combustion flames, and setting is taken all factors into consideration in requirement such as air velocity, generally in 30～60 degree scopes, angle too small or too smallly all can influence the eddy flow effect makes combustion flame too concentrate and disperse.The conical cavity 603 of a truncation is arranged in the Lower Half inboard of burner body 6, and fuel gas air admission hole 602 and preheated air air admission hole 601 cavity 603 therewith are connected, and fuel gas that sprays into and preheated air can fully mix in this cavity 603.Generally, preheated air air admission hole 601 connects with the conical surface of conical cavity 603, can help the formation of swirling eddy like this, and fuel gas air admission hole 602 also is arranged on the conical surface that its outlet is positioned at conical cavity 603, and be positioned at same plane with the axis of preheated air air admission hole 601, its outlet is a little more than the outlet of preheated air, or communicate with the air inlet hole, like this when fuel gas sprays into, just in time mix with the rotation preheated air that enters at a high speed, make mixing more abundant, help burning.The parameter of the diameter of preheated air air admission hole 601 and quantity and fuel gas air admission hole 602 is complementary, and its quantity is standing to be set to identically, and diameter is greater than the diameter of fuel gas air admission hole 602, is generally 4～8mm.As certain miniature hot air engine burner, be fuel with the natural gas, the diameter of its burner body 6 preheated air air admission holes 601 is 6mm, and the diameter of fuel gas air admission hole 602 is 2mm, and quantity is 24, and the angle of inclination of preheated air air admission hole 601 is about 45 degree.
Above structures shape this burner have the common advantage of diffusion burner and premix burner concurrently, fuel gas and preheated air fully mix near the conical cavity 603 of burner body 6, and combustion chamber 8 expansion segments under it fully burn, combustion flame is stable, length is shorter, near flat flame, therefore be called premixed flat-flame formula burner.This burner body 6 utilizes a plurality of preheated air air admission holes 601 that tilt to produce the high speed swirling eddy in addition, strengthen and the mixing of fuel gas, replaced traditional complexity and larger-size cyclone, simplified the structure of burner greatly, optimize size, reduced cost.
As long as change the relative position and the diameter of fuel gas air admission hole 602 and preheated air air admission hole 601, just can match the flame of the different lengths of flame and diameter, to adapt to the needs of different structure thermomotor combustion chamber 8.Burner body 6 technologies are fairly simple, and the mode that can adopt casting or section bar directly to process obtains, and material can adopt the heat-resisting alloy steel or stainless steel.
Preheated air distributor 2 is connected with air preheater 10 and burner body 6 respectively, plays the effect that preheated air is assigned to equably the air admission hole of burner body 6.Its critical piece is the toroidal shell that an inside is opened wide, the common space that forms of the parts such as outer surface, combustible gas distributors 4, air preheater 10 and burner upper cover plate 7 of itself and burner body 6 is formed, a preheated air import and outlet are only arranged, the sealing of all the other positions briefly is exactly the preheated air passage of flowing through.Toroidal shell is embedded in the top of air preheater 10, and integrally welded with it.There is a step inside of toroidal shell, and the lower plane of burner body 6 is supported on this step.
The upper end of burner body 6 is furnished with combustible gas distributors 4, combustible gas distributors 4 approximate dark dished disks, tip upside down on the last plane of burner body 6, combustible gas distributors 4 radial dimensions all are positioned at wherein even as big as guaranteeing the fuel gas air admission hole 602 on the burner body 6, combustible gas distributors 4 upper ends are connected with fuel gas air inlet pipe 5, and are generally integrally welded.The upper end of combustible gas distributors 4 is pressed and is equipped with cover plate 7, and cover plate 7 is connected and fixed by bolt and burner housing body 9, and combustible gas distributors 4 and burner body 6 are fixed.This structural configuration is simple, and compactness greatly reduces axial dimension, and maintainability is good, as when needs are changed burner body 6, as long as unclamp cover plate 7, just can easily remove combustible gas distributors 4 and burner body 6 successively, keeps in repair very convenient.
Also be furnished with igniter 3 at the burner top, can adopt the spark plug commonly used or the igniter of other common version, igniter 3 vertically runs through burner body 6, burner body 6 is stretched out at its top, preheated air outlet near burner body 6, lower in this position temperature, and fuel gas mixes better with air, help igniting and reduce the igniter operating temperature and improve its reliability.Certainly igniter 3 also can be arranged in other positions of combustion chamber 8, as long as be convenient to reliable ignition, and near temperature is low as far as possible gets final product.
The present invention does not limit to above form; can also be transformed into other form; as change the shape of combustion chamber; or the shape and the structural parameters of change burner body; perhaps other replacements that are equal to; in a word, the similar structure of burner body all will fall among protection scope of the present invention among the present invention as long as adopt.

Claims (5)

1. a premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine comprises air intake duct (1), fuel gas air inlet pipe (5), combustion chamber (8), the burner body (6) that is arranged in top, combustion chamber (8), air preheater (10), igniter (3) and waste gas exhaust pipe (11); Air intake duct (1) and waste gas exhaust pipe (11) are installed on the burner housing body (9), and air intake duct (1) is communicated with the air inlet runner of air preheater (10), and waste gas exhaust pipe (11) is communicated with the waste gas runner of air preheater (10); It is characterized in that: described burner body (6) is a disc valve block structure, vertically evenly be furnished with fuel gas air admission hole (602) at burner body (6), circumferentially evenly be provided with preheated air air admission hole (601), the radial skew certain angle of preheated air air admission hole (601) and burner body (6) at burner body (6); The conical cavity (603) that a truncation is arranged in the Lower Half inboard of burner body (6), fuel gas air admission hole (602) and preheated air air admission hole (601) cavity (603) therewith are connected, and fuel gas that sprays into and preheated air fully mix in this cavity (603); It also comprises and is used for fuel gas is played the combustible gas distributors (4) of distributional effects and preheated air played the preheated air distributor (2) of distributional effects, the upper end of combustible gas distributors (4) is communicated with fuel gas air inlet pipe (5), and the lower end is communicated with fuel gas air admission hole (602) on the burner body (6); The front end of preheated air distributor (2) is communicated with the air outlet slit of air preheater (10), and the rear end is communicated with preheated air air admission hole (601) on the burner body (6); Described air preheater (10) is arranged in combustion chamber (8) periphery, is annular multi-layer thin wallboard shell-type structure, and inside is progressively expansion from top to bottom, forms combustion chamber (8), and is outside suitable with burner housing body (9); The waste gas that burning produces enters air preheater (10) from the lower end, discharge from the upper end, is used for air is preheated; Igniter (3) is arranged in the burner top near the fuel gas exit position on the burner body (6).
2. premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fuel gas air admission hole (602) was arranged vertically in vertically being of burner body (6), evenly be arranged to a circle, the lower end outlet is near the conical surface of cavity (603); Preheated air air admission hole (601) evenly is arranged to a circle near the Lower Half of burner body (6), and its outlet connects with the conical surface of cavity (603); Fuel gas air admission hole (602) is vertical mutually with the axis of preheated air air admission hole (601), and is positioned at a plane.
3. premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described preheated air air admission hole (601) is 30～60 degree with the radial skew angle of burner body (6).
4. premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described fuel gas air admission hole (602) is less than the diameter of preheated air air admission hole (601), the diameter of preheated air air admission hole (601) is 4～8mm, and the diameter of fuel gas air admission hole (602) is 1～4mm.
5. premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: circular cylinder structure preheated air distributor (2) housing that described preheated air distributor (2) is opened wide by inside, with and constitute with space that air preheater (10), burner body (6), cover plate (7), combustible gas distributors (4) form; Preheated air distributor (2) housing is embedded in the top of combustion chamber (8), and integrally welded with preheated air preheater (10); Burner body (6) lower end is supported on the interior step of preheated air distributor (2) housing, and combustible gas distributors (4) has been arranged in the upper end, and is fixed with cover plate (7).
CN2006101193702A 2006-12-08 2006-12-08 Premix rotational flow flat-flame type combustor for hot-air engine Expired - Fee Related CN101196293B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN103011552A (en) * 2013-01-05 2013-04-03 连云港福东天佑照明电器有限公司 Quartz rod continuous smelting furnace
CN110230816A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-09-13 深圳市人人节能设备有限公司 Cumulative premixing energy-saving furnace end
CN112682791B (en) * 2019-10-17 2022-09-27 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 Combustion heat exchange assembly and gas water heater

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0436113A1 (en) * 1989-12-01 1991-07-10 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method for operating a combustion plant
EP0478305A2 (en) * 1990-09-26 1992-04-01 Hitachi, Ltd. Combustor and combustion apparatus
US6223537B1 (en) * 1997-11-24 2001-05-01 Alliedsignal Power Systems Catalytic combustor for gas turbines
CN1472472A (en) * 2002-07-29 2004-02-04 杜子君 Preheating premixed high-efficient energy-saving gas burner

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0436113A1 (en) * 1989-12-01 1991-07-10 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method for operating a combustion plant
EP0478305A2 (en) * 1990-09-26 1992-04-01 Hitachi, Ltd. Combustor and combustion apparatus
US6223537B1 (en) * 1997-11-24 2001-05-01 Alliedsignal Power Systems Catalytic combustor for gas turbines
CN1472472A (en) * 2002-07-29 2004-02-04 杜子君 Preheating premixed high-efficient energy-saving gas burner

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