CN219861424U - Miniature hot-blast stove - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of hot blast stoves, in particular to a miniature hot blast stove, which comprises a combustor, a blender, an ignition electrode, a cooling air component and a flame detector, wherein the combustor is arranged on the combustion chamber; the blender comprises a blending shell surrounding a blending chamber, and a first end of the blending shell is provided with a blender air outlet; the burner comprises a burner shell which encloses a combustible gas chamber, a combustion air chamber and a gas mixing chamber, the burner shell extends into the mixing chamber from the second end of the mixing shell, the combustible gas chamber and the combustion air chamber are sleeved along the axis of the burner, the gas mixing chamber is positioned at the downstream of the combustible gas chamber and the combustion air chamber and communicated with the combustible gas chamber through a gas hole, and communicated with the combustion air chamber through an air hole and communicated with the mixing chamber through a burner gas outlet. The utility model has the advantages of convenient installation and use in a limited space, stable flame combustion, uniform heat exchange at an outlet, and reduced pollutant discharge.

Description

Miniature hot-blast stove

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of hot blast stoves, in particular to a miniature hot blast stove.

Background

The hot blast stove is a thermal power machine and is one of important equipment in blast furnace ironmaking production. Hot blast stoves typically mix and organize combustion of fuel gas and combustion air in a furnace to release heat. Meanwhile, the outlet temperature required by customers is reduced by adopting a low-temperature medium (air or flue gas) to cool the high-temperature flue gas formed after the combustible gas is burnt. The hot blast stove is built by adopting a combined multi-layer refractory brick structure at present. However, the refractory bricks have a fixed size, and are not suitable for use in places where installation space is limited, such as laboratories, and thus the demands for micro-hot blast stoves are increasing. But aiming at the limited installation space, the combustion stability and the uniform outlet temperature are considered in the design process so as to reduce the emission of pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and the like.

Accordingly, the inventors have found that there is a need for a micro-scale stove that can stably burn in a limited space and has a uniform temperature at the outlet.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to facilitate installation and use in a limited space, meet the requirements of flame combustion stability and uniform heat exchange at an outlet, and reduce pollutant emission, the utility model provides a miniature hot blast stove.

The utility model provides a miniature hot-blast stove which adopts the following technical scheme:

a miniature hot-blast stove comprises a burner, a blender, an ignition electrode, a cooling air component and a flame detector;

the blender comprises a blending shell surrounding a blending chamber, and a first end of the blending shell is provided with a blender air outlet;

the burner comprises a burner housing enclosing a combustible gas chamber, a combustion air chamber and a gas mixing chamber, wherein the burner housing extends into the mixing chamber from the second end of the mixing housing, the combustible gas chamber and the combustion air chamber are sleeved along the axis of the burner,

the gas mixing cavity is positioned at the downstream of the combustible gas cavity and the combustion air cavity, is communicated with the combustible gas cavity through a gas hole, is communicated with the combustion air cavity through an air hole, and is communicated with the blending cavity through a burner gas outlet;

the ignition electrode extends into the mixing chamber from the side wall of the mixing shell and is used for igniting the mixed gas entering the mixing chamber;

the cooling air component is used for cooling the burnt high-temperature flue gas;

the flame detector is used for detecting the combustion working condition in real time according to the combustion characteristics of the flame.

By adopting the technical scheme, the combustible gas chamber and the combustion air chamber are sleeved, so that the occupied space of the hot blast stove is effectively reduced; and the gas mixing chamber is arranged at the downstream of the combustion air chamber and the combustible gas chamber, the combustible gas and the combustion air are uniformly mixed in the gas mixing chamber to form mixed gas, and the mixed gas is gradually introduced into the mixing chamber to be ignited, so that the uniformity of the mixed gas is improved, the high equivalence ratio and high temperature formation of the local flame position are avoided, and the generation of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides is effectively inhibited.

Optionally, a plurality of gas holes and a plurality of air holes are arranged along the circumferential direction of the burner housing at intervals, the gas injection direction of each gas hole is along the radial direction of the burner housing, an included angle is formed between the gas injection direction of each air hole and the radial direction of the burner housing, and the gas hole is located at the downstream of the air hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, combustion-supporting air spouts through a plurality of air holes, because the slope setting of air hole makes the combustion-supporting air of blowout form stable whirl air current, and this whirl air current forms the low pressure backward flow district in the position that is close to the air hole. The combustible gas is sprayed out in a multi-point radial spraying mode, is subjected to the influence of a low-pressure backflow area to generate backflow, penetrates into the combustion air, and realizes the maximally uniform mixing of the combustion air and the combustible gas, so that the generation of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides is effectively inhibited.

Optionally, the combustible gas chamber is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion air chamber, the gas hole is toward the inner side of the gas mixing chamber for injecting gas, and the air hole is arranged at the bottom of the combustion air chamber.

By adopting the technical scheme, as the flowing speed of the combustible gas is greater than that of the combustion air, the combustion air and the combustible gas can be better mixed by arranging the combustible gas chamber outside.

Optionally, at least one circle of air holes is arranged at the bottom of the combustion air chamber along the axis direction of the gas burner shell.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the air hole can be provided with the round, also can be provided with many rounds along the axis direction interval of combustor, along with the increase of air hole number of turns, the stirring effect that combustion-supporting air produced is better, and gas mixing effect is better, but the speed that combustion-supporting air got into gaseous gas mixing cavity can reduce, and the user can design by oneself according to actual conditions.

Optionally, an air swirl vane group is installed at the bottom of the combustion air chamber, the channels between two adjacent air swirl vanes form air holes, and each air hole is an arc-shaped channel hole extending along the circumferential direction of the burner housing.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, all design into the arc access hole with every air hole, can make combustion air's switching-over more smooth, improve combustion air and combustible gas's mixed effect.

Optionally, the air swirl vane group is slidably and adjustably mounted at the bottom of the combustion air chamber.

The distance between the gas hole and the air hole is a core factor influencing the mixing effect of the combustible gas and the combustion air, but the distance between the gas hole and the air hole is influenced by a plurality of factors.

Optionally, the flame detector includes a first flame detector extending into the gas mixing chamber from an end of the burner housing remote from the mixing housing and a second flame detector mounted to a sidewall of the mixing housing downstream from the ignition electrode.

By adopting the technical scheme, the flame detectors are arranged at the two ends of the flame, so that the detection precision of flame monitoring to the flame is improved, and the occurrence of misjudgment and missed judgment is reduced.

Optionally, the cooling air assembly includes the cooling air intermediate layer of encircleing in the blending casing outside and with cooling air intake pipe of cooling air intermediate layer intercommunication, offer a plurality of cooling holes that supply cooling air to permeate on the lateral wall of blending casing.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cooling air can be sprayed into the mixing cavity from the periphery of the mixing shell, the high-temperature flue gas formed by combustion is uniformly cooled, the generation of pollutants is further reduced, the cooling air sprayed out of the cooling holes can form a layer of air film on the inner wall surface of the mixing cavity, the burning corrosion of the wall surface of the mixing cavity is reduced, and the service life of the hot blast stove is prolonged.

Optionally, an included angle between the air jetting direction of the air hole and the radial direction of the burner housing is 30-45 degrees and/or the diameter of the gas hole is 3-10 mm.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, according to the velocity of flow of combustible gas, use the diameter of hot-blast furnace and mix the length of cavity, set up the air hole and the radial contained angle between combustor casing optimally be 30~45, the diameter of gas hole optimally be 3~10mm.

Optionally, the diameter of the gas outlet of the burner is equal to the diameter of the gas mixing chamber.

By adopting the technical scheme, the mixed gas can be introduced into the mixing cavity in a uniform-speed mode, the probability of flow velocity change of the mixed gas caused by diameter change of the gas outlet of the burner is reduced, and the combustion stability is improved.

In summary, the present utility model includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. according to the utility model, the combustible gas chamber and the combustion air chamber are sleeved, and the gas mixing chamber is arranged at the downstream of the combustible gas chamber and the combustion air chamber, so that the volumes of the combustible gas chamber and the combustion air chamber can be set according to the gas flow rate and the introduced volume ratio, the combustible gas and the combustion air simultaneously enter the gas mixing chamber, and after being uniformly mixed in the gas mixing chamber, the mixture chamber is introduced for ignition combustion, so that the uniformity of gas mixing can be effectively improved, and the generation of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides can be effectively inhibited;

2. the combustion air is sprayed out in the form of stable rotating air flow, and a low-pressure backflow area is formed at the position between the air hole and the fuel gas hole; the combustible gas is radially sprayed into the gas mixing chamber at multiple points, and flows back under the stirring of the combustion air, so that the mixture is more uniformly mixed with the combustion air, and the generation of pollutants is effectively reduced;

3. the air swirl vane group is slidably and adjustably arranged at the bottom of the combustion air chamber, so that a user can conveniently adjust the combustion air chamber according to actual conditions, and uniform mixing of gas to the greatest extent is realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the design positions and the design structures of the fuel holes and the air holes.

The figure reference numerals illustrate: 1. a burner; 11. a combustible gas chamber; 12. a combustion air chamber; 13. a gas mixing chamber; 14. a burner housing; 15. a burner gas outlet; 16. a combustible gas inlet pipe; 17. an air inlet pipe; 2. a blender; 21. a blending chamber; 22. a blending shell; 221. a cooling hole; 23. a blender air outlet; 3. an ignition electrode; 4. a cooling air assembly; 41. cooling air interlayer; 42. a cooling air inlet pipe; 5. a flame detector; 51. a first flame detector; 52. a second flame detector; 6. an air swirl vane set; 61. an air hole; 7. and a gas hole.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-3.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a miniature hot-blast stove. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the micro hot blast stove comprises a burner 1, a blender 2, an ignition electrode 3, a cooling air assembly 4, and a flame detector 5.

The blender 2 includes a blending housing 22 enclosing a blending chamber 21. Both ends of the blending shell 22 are open, and any end of the blending shell 22 is provided with a blender air outlet 23, and the blender air outlet 23 is connected with an inlet of using equipment.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the burner 1 comprises a burner 1 housing enclosing a combustible gas chamber 11, a combustion air chamber 12 and a gas mixing chamber 13, the burner 1 housing extending into the mixing chamber 21 from an end remote from the mixer outlet 23 and being fixedly connected to the mixer 2. The combustible gas chamber 11 is connected with an external combustible gas pipeline through a combustible gas inlet pipe 16, and the combustion air chamber 12 is connected with an external combustion air pipeline through an air inlet pipe 17. There are various connection modes, and the present utility model will be described by way of example only using a flange connection mode. The combustible gas can be selected from natural gas or hydrogen and other combustible gases according to the actual needs of customers, and the utility model is only illustrated by taking the natural gas as an example.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the flammable gas chamber 11 and the combustion air chamber 12 are closed sandwich chambers, and the flammable gas chamber 11 and the combustion air chamber 12 are sleeved along the axis of the burner 1, so that the volume of the hot blast stove is effectively reduced, and the hot blast stove can be suitable for installation in an effective space. The cross-sectional shapes of the combustible gas chamber 11 and the combustion air chamber 12 can be arbitrarily set, such as a polygon of a circle, a triangle, a quadrangle, etc. The cross-sectional shapes of the combustible gas chamber 11 and the combustion air chamber 12 may or may not be uniform, and are not limited in this regard. The present utility model is described by taking the example of the fact that the cross-sectional shapes of the combustible gas chamber 11 and the combustion air chamber 12 are identical and are all circular.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the gas mixing chamber 13 is located downstream of the combustible gas chamber 11 and the combustion air chamber 12 and communicates with the combustible gas chamber 11 through the gas holes 7; is in communication with the combustion air chamber 12 through an air hole 61; is communicated with the blending chamber 21 through the outlet of the burner 1. The gas mixing cavity 13 is arranged to facilitate the uniform mixing of the combustible gas and the combustion air in the gas mixing cavity 13, and then the combustible gas and the combustion air are introduced into the blender 2 for ignition, so that the uniformity of the mixing of the combustible gas and the combustion air is improved, and the generation of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides is reduced.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to allow the mixed gas of the gas mixing chamber 13 to be stably introduced into the blender 2, the variation of the flow rate of the mixed gas due to the variation of the channel caliber is reduced, and the diameter of the burner gas outlet 15 is equal to the diameter of the gas mixing chamber 13.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the gas holes 7 and the air holes 61 are each provided in plurality at intervals along the circumferential direction of the housing of the burner 1, and the injection direction of each gas hole 7 is along the radial direction of the housing of the burner 1, and an angle is formed between the injection direction of the air hole 61 and the radial direction of the housing of the burner 1. The gas hole 7 is located downstream of the air hole 61. When the combustion air is ejected through the air holes 61, a stable swirling air flow is formed, which causes a low-speed recirculation zone to be formed at the position of the air holes 61. The fuel gas is sprayed in a multi-point radial spraying mode, so that the spatial distribution of the fuel gas can be better realized. And the combustible gas can be influenced by the backflow effect to generate backflow so as to impact the combustion air and penetrate into the combustion air, so that the combustion air and the combustible gas are mixed more uniformly, the high equivalent ratio and high temperature formation of the local flame position are avoided, and the generation of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides is effectively inhibited.

In a particular structural embodiment, the burner 1 housing comprises a main housing constituting a combustion air chamber 12, a combustible chamber 11 which surrounds the outside of the main housing. One end of the combustible gas chamber 11 is concave and is staggered with the air inlet. The other end of the flammable gas chamber 11 protrudes from the main housing. A gas mixing chamber 13 is defined by the main housing and the inner wall of the flammable gas chamber 11. The inner side of the flammable gas chamber 11, which is positioned in the gas mixing chamber 13, is provided with a circle of flammable gas holes 7. An air hole 61 is provided in the bottom wall of the main housing.

In other alternative embodiments, the bottom end of the main housing is provided with an extension wall (not shown) that is flush with the bottom end of the fuel gas sandwich with a gap left therebetween. The gas mixing chamber 13 is defined by the bottom wall of the main housing, the extension wall and the inner wall of the gas interlayer.

In other alternative embodiments, the combustible chamber 11 is located on the inside and the direction of the jet of gas holes 7 is directed away from the axis of the burner 1. The combustion air chamber 12 is located outside, the air injection direction of the air holes 61 being directed towards the axis of the burner 1 and forming an angle with the radial direction of the burner 1.

Referring to fig. 3, there are various forms of providing the air hole 61, a through hole with a certain radian may be directly formed at the bottom of the combustion air chamber 12, or a plurality of baffles with radian may be installed at the bottom of the combustion air chamber 12, and the present utility model is only described by installing the air swirl vane group 6 at the bottom of the combustion air chamber 12, and the space between two adjacent air swirl vanes forms the air hole 61. Each air hole 61 is an arcuate passage hole extending circumferentially along the housing of the burner 1 so that combustion air passes smoothly therethrough to form a stable swirling air flow.

The setting of the included angle between the air injection direction of the air hole 61 and the radial direction of the shell of the combustor 1 is correspondingly adjusted along with the diameter of the combustor 1, preferably, the number of the air swirl blades is 8-12, and the included angle between the air injection direction of the air hole 61 and the radial direction of the shell of the combustor 1 is 30-45 degrees.

The distance between the gas holes 7 and the air holes 61 is a core factor affecting the mixing effect of the combustible gas and the combustion air, but the distance between the gas holes 7 and the air holes 61 is affected by a number of factors, such as the pressure to which the burner gas outlet 15 is subjected, the pressure of the combustible gas, the pressure of the combustion air, etc. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the distance between the gas holes 7 and the air holes 61 according to the actual situation, the present utility model mounts the air swirl vane group 6 in a slidingly adjustable manner on the combustion air chamber 12.

Since the flow rate of the combustible gas is higher than that of the combustion air, the combustible gas chamber 11 is located outside the combustion air chamber 12 in order to maximize the mixing of the combustible gas with the combustion air. At this time, the gas hole 7 is injected toward the inside of the gas mixing chamber 13, and the air hole 61 is provided at the bottom of the combustion air chamber 12.

The air holes 61 may be provided in one turn at the bottom of the combustion air chamber 12, or in a plurality of turns at the bottom of the combustion air chamber 12. When the air holes 61 are provided with a plurality of turns, the plurality of turns of the air holes 61 are provided at intervals along the axial direction of the combustion air chamber 12. As the number of turns of the air holes 61 increases, the greater the degree of swirling of the combustion air, the better the mixing effect of the combustion air with the combustible gas. The present utility model will be described by taking the example in which the air holes 61 are provided only in the bottom of the combustion air chamber 12.

Since the volume of the introduced combustion air is larger than the volume of the introduced combustible gas, the cross-sectional area of the air hole 61 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the gas hole 7. According to the flow velocity range of the combustible gas and the structure of the hot blast stove, the diameter of the gas holes 7 is preferably 3-10 mm, and the number of the gas holes is 36-60.

Referring to fig. 2, a cooling air assembly 4 is used to cool the combusted high temperature flue gas. The cooling air assembly 4 includes a cooling air interlayer 41 enclosed outside the mixing housing 22 and a cooling air inlet pipe 42 communicating with the cooling air interlayer 41. The side wall of the mixing housing 22 is provided with a plurality of cooling holes 221 for cooling air to penetrate. To further reduce the probability of contaminants being generated during cooling, a plurality of cooling holes 221 are uniformly distributed in an array on the side wall of the blending housing 22. The cooling air inlet duct 42 is connected to an external cooling air duct.

The number and diameter of the cooling holes 221 are related to the temperature required by the air outlet 23 of the blender and the length and diameter of the blending chamber 21, and the present utility model is exemplified by 500-800 mm length of the blending chamber 21, 2-8 rows of cooling holes 221, and 10-30 rows.

Referring to fig. 1, the ignition electrode 3 is installed outside the cooling air interlayer 41 and protrudes into the mixing chamber 21 from the side wall of the mixing housing 22 to ignite the mixed gas entering the mixing chamber 21.

Referring to fig. 1, a flame detector 5 is used to detect combustion conditions in real time based on combustion characteristics of flames. In order to improve the accuracy of the detection of the flame, the flame detector 5 is provided with two, a first flame detector 51 extending into the gas mixing chamber from the end of the housing of the burner 1 remote from the mixing housing 22 and a second flame detector 52 mounted on the side wall of the mixing housing 22 downstream of the ignition electrode 3.

The implementation principle of the miniature hot-blast stove provided by the embodiment of the utility model is as follows: when in use, the flammable gas and the combustion air are respectively introduced into the flammable gas chamber 11 and the combustion air chamber 12 according to a certain proportion. The combustion air passing through the air holes 61 forms a stable rotating air flow, and forms a low-pressure backflow area near the air holes 61, the combustible gas is radially sprayed through the gas holes 7 and is affected by the low-pressure backflow area, and flows back to the upstream to be well mixed with the combustion air, so that the mixing effect is improved. The combustion air and the combustible gas are gradually mixed in the gas mixing chamber 13 to form a mixed gas, and are introduced into the blending chamber 21 together. The ignition electrode 3 is then ignited, forming a stable rotating flame within the blending chamber 21. After the combustion of the mixed gas is completed, cooling air is introduced into the cooling air interlayer 41 to cool the high-temperature flue gas of the mixing chamber 21 to a specified temperature.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the utility model should be covered in the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A miniature hot blast stove, characterized in that: comprises a burner (1), a blender (2), an ignition electrode (3), a cooling air component (4) and a flame detector (5);

the blender (2) comprises a blending shell (22) surrounding a blending chamber (21), and a first end of the blending shell (22) is provided with a blender air outlet (23);

the burner (1) comprises a burner (1) shell enclosing a combustible gas chamber (11), a combustion air chamber (12) and a gas mixing chamber (13), wherein the burner (1) shell extends into the mixing chamber (21) from the second end of the mixing shell (22), the combustible gas chamber (11) and the combustion air chamber (12) are sleeved along the axis of the burner (1),

the gas mixing cavity (13) is positioned at the downstream of the combustible gas cavity (11) and the combustion air cavity (12), is communicated with the combustible gas cavity (11) through a gas hole (7), is communicated with the combustion air cavity (12) through an air hole (61), and is communicated with the mixing cavity (21) through a burner gas outlet (15);

the ignition electrode (3) protrudes into the mixing chamber (21) from the side wall of the mixing housing (22) for igniting the mixed gas entering the mixing chamber (21);

the cooling air component (4) is used for cooling the burnt high-temperature flue gas;

the flame detector (5) is used for detecting the combustion working condition in real time according to the combustion characteristics of the flame.

2. The micro hot blast stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of gas holes (7) and a plurality of air holes (61) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shell of the combustor (1), the gas injection direction of each gas hole (7) is along the radial direction of the shell of the combustor (1), an included angle is formed between the gas injection direction of each air hole (61) and the radial direction of the shell of the combustor (1), and the gas holes (7) are positioned at the downstream of the air holes (61).

3. The micro hot blast stove according to claim 2, characterized in that: the combustible gas chamber (11) is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion air chamber (12), the fuel gas hole (7) jets air towards the inner side of the gas mixing chamber (13), and the air hole (61) is arranged at the bottom of the combustion air chamber (12).

4. A micro air stove according to claim 3, wherein: at least one circle of air holes (61) are arranged at the cavity bottom of the combustion air cavity (12) along the axis direction of the gas burner shell.

5. The micro air stove according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein: an air swirl vane group (6) is arranged at the bottom of the combustion air chamber (12), channels between two adjacent air swirl vanes form air holes (61), and each air hole (61) is an arc-shaped channel hole extending along the circumferential direction of the shell of the combustor (1).

6. The micro hot blast stove according to claim 5, wherein: the air swirl vane group (6) is slidably and adjustably arranged at the cavity bottom of the combustion air cavity (12).

7. The micro air stove according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the flame detector (5) comprises a first flame detector (51) extending into the gas mixing chamber from one end of the burner (1) housing away from the mixing housing (22) and a second flame detector (52) mounted on the side wall of the mixing housing (22) and located downstream of the ignition electrode (3).

8. The micro air stove according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the cooling air assembly (4) comprises a cooling air interlayer (41) surrounding the outside of the blending shell (22) and a cooling air inlet pipe (42) communicated with the cooling air interlayer (41), and a plurality of cooling holes (221) for cooling air to permeate are formed in the side wall of the blending shell (22).

9. The micro air stove according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein: the included angle between the air injection direction of the air hole (61) and the radial direction of the shell of the burner (1) is 30-45 degrees and/or the diameter of the gas hole (7) is 3-10 mm.

10. The micro air stove according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein: the diameter of the burner air outlet (15) is equal to the diameter of the gas mixing chamber (13).