CN101194138B - 熔炼炉或还原炉，尤其是开放式、半开放或封闭式电弧炉 - Google Patents

熔炼炉或还原炉，尤其是开放式、半开放或封闭式电弧炉 Download PDF

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CN101194138B
CN101194138B CN2006800201998A CN200680020199A CN101194138B CN 101194138 B CN101194138 B CN 101194138B CN 2006800201998 A CN2006800201998 A CN 2006800201998A CN 200680020199 A CN200680020199 A CN 200680020199A CN 101194138 B CN101194138 B CN 101194138B
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furnace
reduction furnace
resisting
feed pipe
smelting
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CN101194138A (zh
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K·-H·库默
D·博格沃特
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SMS Siemag AG
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SMS Demag AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G11/00—Chutes
    • B65G11/16—Interior surfaces; Linings
    • B65G11/166—Interior surfaces; Linings for bulk
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F27B3/183—Charging of arc furnaces vertically through the roof, e.g. in three points
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0033—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/10—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种利用进料管(17)输送填料(9)的熔炼炉或者还原炉(2)。进料管(17)分别具有未经冷却的进料管嘴(18)，并且该管嘴由未经冷却的耐磨的导引内管(19)和未经冷却的同心的、耐热的防护外管(20)构成。

Description

熔炼炉或还原炉，尤其是开放式、半开放或封闭式电弧炉
技术领域
本发明涉及一种熔炼炉或者还原炉，尤其是开放式、半开放式或封闭式电弧炉，它借助于进料管输送固体形态的填料，进料管必要时通过排气罩或者通过构造为炉盖的上炉体一直导引到炉腔中。
背景技术
目前所使用的进料管均由两个具有同样直径的管子和位于其间的螺旋线形的冷却管构成。由于此类螺旋线形管的制造成本昂贵，因此缺乏经济性。而更为重要的是，经验已表明冷却管会出现泄漏，冷却水可能会进入炉内。引起此类泄漏的原因就是具有锐利边缘的炉料，同时会加剧磨损，使得漏水现象不可避免。如果水进入炉腔之中，就会有发生爆炸的危险。
在DE 3215119A1中，提出了为使处在极高炉温下的进料管避负冷却问题，提出一种使用寿命更长、工作更加可靠的进料管。为此已知，使进料管垂直下降到炉腔之中，完成进料后再将其向上拉出。进料管由两个可伸缩的管件构成。在上拉后的位置中装入填料，并且在该位置中将下部出口封闭。仅在进料时使其下降。
下降速度非常快，以便加大填料的下落加速度。采用这种方式，可以使进料管长时间处在受到保护的位置中，即不直接处在炉温之下。这种设计构造需要在材料、控制系统和电气系统方面投入大量的成本，因为这些系统均布置于高温炉体上方，需要对其进行冷却。
发明内容
本发明的任务就在于防止水渗入到炉子范围内，且尽可能杜绝这种现象。
该任务可通过本发明所述的以下特征加以解决：即进料管分别具有未经冷却的进料管管嘴，并且管嘴由未经冷却的耐磨的导引内管和未经冷却的同心的耐热的防护外管构成。这样就不可能出现因冷却水进入炉腔而引起爆炸危险的情况。除此之外，还可以省却之前所使用的，现在已取消的螺旋形冷却管的焊接工作。此外表明，此类进料管不仅具有充分的使用寿命，而且成本低廉。
在一种改进方案中，耐磨的导引内管的材料为高锰钢或者锰合金，以防止感应电流引起的升温。
此外提出，耐热的防护外管的材料为耐高温的铬镍钢。
在另一种方案中提出，将外径大约为500-600mm的耐磨的导引内管留有气隙地推入到外径大约为560-660mm的耐热的防护外管之中。
该气隙至少为10mm，并且形成从外向内的隔热层，这样就可进一步延长使用寿命。
附图说明
在附图中示出了本发明的一个实施例，随后对其进行详细说明。
相关附图如下：
图1穿过电弧炉设备的大部分的截面图；
图2穿过进料管的管嘴的轴向纵截面。
具体实施方式
在炉架1(附图1)中安装有还原炉2，例如电弧炉2a。还原炉2由下炉体3、本身的熔炼件、上炉体4构成。还原炉2可以设计成不同型式，如开放式、半开放式或封闭式结构型式。电极5安装于中央，可以对电极进行升、降调节，并相对于熔炼物(例如回炉料)保持一定间距。通过侧面安装在炉架1中的变压器6提供能量。电极5周围安装有加料斗7、8，它们通过天车10和加料篮11装上填料9(例如：炉料)。从上炉体4，工艺废气在能量回收装置(图中并未绘出)中经过除尘和分离后排入不同的废气管12和13之中。
天车10所输送的填料9落入加料斗7和8中，其中多个加料斗分布在炉体横截面上。打开进料路径14上的阀门16之后，填料9分别进入进料管17中，进料管上只有其管嘴18在炉体的高温区即炉腔15的区域内。
在本发明所述的实施例中(附图2)，进料管管嘴18由两个相互嵌套的管子构成、即由导引内管19和防护外管20构成。
导引内管19由耐磨材料制成(例如高锰钢或锰合金，以防止感应电流引起的升温)，防护外管20由耐热材料制成(例如耐高温的铬镍钢)。可以使用不同的制造工艺来制造导引内管19和防护外管20。耐磨的导引内管19的外径22大约为540mm，耐热的防护外管20的外径21大约为576mm。通过法兰环23(以及沿长度分布的垫片)使导引内管19和防护外管20组合成为整体的管嘴18。
附图标记列表
1炉架
2熔炼炉或还原炉
2a电弧炉
3下炉体
4上炉体
5电极
6变压器
7加料斗
8加料斗
9填料
10天车
11加料篮
12废气管
13废气支管
14填料
15炉腔
16阀门
17进料管
18进料管管嘴
19导引内管
20防护外管
21防护外管20的外径
22导引内管19的外径
23法兰环连同垫片

Claims (5)

1.熔炼炉或者还原炉(2)，所述熔炼炉或者还原炉是开放式、半开放式或封闭式的，它借助于进料管(17)输送固体形态的填料(9)，进料管通过排气罩或者通过构造为炉盖的上炉体(4)一直导引到炉腔(15)中，其特征在于，进料管(17)分别具有进料管嘴(18)，该进料管嘴未经冷却并且该进料管嘴由未经冷却的、耐磨的导引内管(19)和未经冷却的同心的、耐热的防护外管(20)构成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的熔炼炉或者还原炉，其特征在于，耐磨的导引内管(19)的材料是高锰钢或锰合金，用于防止由于感应电流而引起的升温。
3.根据权利要求1所述的熔炼炉或者还原炉，其特征在于，耐热的防护外管(20)的材料是耐高温的铬镍钢。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的熔炼炉或者还原炉，其特征在于，将外径(22)大约为500-600mm的耐磨的导引内管(19)留有气隙地推入到外径(21)大约为560-660mm的耐热的防护外管(20)中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的熔炼炉或者还原炉，其特征在于，所述气隙至少为10mm。
CN2006800201998A 2005-06-09 2006-06-09 熔炼炉或还原炉，尤其是开放式、半开放或封闭式电弧炉 Expired - Fee Related CN101194138B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005026627.4 2005-06-09
DE102005026627A DE102005026627A1 (de) 2005-06-09 2005-06-09 Schmelz- oder Reduktionsofen, insbesondere Elektrolichtbogenofen, der offen, halboffen oder geschlossen ausgeführt ist
PCT/EP2006/005524 WO2006131384A1 (de) 2005-06-09 2006-06-09 Schmelz- oder reduktionsofen, insbesondere elektrolichtbogenofen, der offen, halboffen oder geschlossen ausgeführt ist

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CN101194138B true CN101194138B (zh) 2010-06-23

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US (1) US8262985B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1888989B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101194138B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0612055A2 (zh)
DE (1) DE102005026627A1 (zh)
NO (1) NO339913B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2006131384A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA200709790B (zh)

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CN104212938A (zh) * 2013-06-05 2014-12-17 蔡夏莲 一种新型安全节能环保冶炼炉

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3215119A1 (de) * 1981-04-27 1982-11-18 Elkem A/S, Oslo Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beschickung von elektrischen schmelz- oder reduktionsoefen
CN1423685A (zh) * 1999-12-14 2003-06-11 巴西石油公司 用于流化催化裂化设备的进料分散系统和用于流化催化裂化的工艺

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2727937A (en) * 1954-05-26 1955-12-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp High-vacuum titanium furnace
US3010610A (en) * 1958-01-06 1961-11-28 Inland Steel Co Solids flow control device and method
JPS52145965A (en) 1976-05-26 1977-12-05 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Feed chute
US4836115A (en) * 1988-06-23 1989-06-06 Macarthur Charles E Vertical furnace

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3215119A1 (de) * 1981-04-27 1982-11-18 Elkem A/S, Oslo Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beschickung von elektrischen schmelz- oder reduktionsoefen
CN1423685A (zh) * 1999-12-14 2003-06-11 巴西石油公司 用于流化催化裂化设备的进料分散系统和用于流化催化裂化的工艺

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EP1888989A1 (de) 2008-02-20
NO339913B1 (no) 2017-02-13
US20090230600A1 (en) 2009-09-17
CN101194138A (zh) 2008-06-04
EP1888989B1 (de) 2015-03-18
NO20076092L (no) 2007-12-07
BRPI0612055A2 (pt) 2010-10-13
US8262985B2 (en) 2012-09-11
ZA200709790B (en) 2008-09-25
DE102005026627A1 (de) 2006-12-14
WO2006131384A1 (de) 2006-12-14

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