CN101191330A - Construction method for large bearing capacity pile and pile foundation and inner hole deposition device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the pile foundation field of civil engineering and the pile driving machinery field of the mechanical engineering. A hoop with great bearing capacity is provided with a soften-proof section and a thin wall sleeve (10); the construction method of the pile foundation is as follows: the pile is provided with a soften-proof section and a thin wall sleeve (10) and the measures of a device sinking a pile element or the lower end of a protective pipe or sinking a pressure bearing pole are adopted; a sinking device inside a hole has a hammer block suspender mechanism (19) consisting of a hydraulic pile pressing device, a pressure bearing pole device and a pile hammer striking device, a hydraulic hammer lifting mechanism of the pile hammer striking device, a hammer block elevation outside convex body mechanism (18) of the pile hammer striking device and a hollow hammer block mechanism of the pile hammer striking device. The invention has the advantages that: 1. the soften-proof section can avoid the humidification soften accident by the inundation of the supporting course; 2. because the thin wall sleeve (10) is arranged and the measure of using the sinking device inside the hole to sink the lower end is adopted, the tip of pile can be piled into the deep layer of a mantle of rock as the supporting course; 3. the cost of the pile foundation is greatly lowered; 4. the energy of the sinking device inside the hole piling into the deep layer of the mantle of rock is great, the structure is simple, the deadweight is reduced and the cost is low.

Description

The job practices and the inner hole deposition of a kind of large bearing capacity pile and pile foundation hit equipment

Technical field

The job practices and the inner hole deposition that the present invention relates to a kind of large bearing capacity pile and pile foundation hit equipment, the pile foundation field of dependent territory carpenter's journey and mechanical piling machinery field.

Background technology

In existing concrete pile foundation, there are smaller and high two problems of pile foundation expense of bearing capacity of single pile.

The smaller reason of bearing capacity of single pile has three:

The first, the crack softening of water seepage of pile body bearing stratum (especially precast hollow stake), cause bearing capacity of pile tip to reduce.At first because the concrete pile body make, the inevitable generation has a large amount of cracks and (mainly contains: 1, the crack of separating at pile tube termination (14) plate face and concrete piles face interface in the work progress; 2, connect the concrete pile body crack of pile lining; 3, the upper shed and the under shed that weld seam crack etc.), also have hollow pile.Crack and the upper shed of underground water by the stake epimere enters a core (cavity in the pile body), flows to the hollow pile hypomere then down, and crack and the under shed stream from hypomere oozes out pile body again, the bearing stratum at the bottom of entering.If bearing stratum selects to be arranged on the softening rock-soil layer of easy chance water humidification, be soil layer or weathered rock formation than the shallow-layer part, will produce the bearing stratum ruckbildung.Secondly because bearing stratum when being subjected to the violent punching press of stake point, can occur reinventing, cracked and be equivalent to malformations such as rate of decay increases more and change, more increased the weight of the weathering softening degree of weathered rock formation.Meeting the easily softening rock-soil layer of the water capacity is soil layer, completely decomposed rock stratum, severely-weathered rock stratum, i.e. soft rock in the soil of unsaturated state, the soft rock, dead-soft rock.Therefore, there are a large amount of softening bearing stratum problems of water humidification of meeting in existing hollow pile, especially prefabricated concrete hollow pile and pre-stress high-strength concrete hollow pile (as hollow square pile, hollow shell pill, hollow compound pile).Softening problem often causes stake end end resistance and the distolateral frictional resistance of stake to significantly reduce, and causes the accident of many pile foundation bearing capacities minimizings even forfeiture.

The second, when the embedding rock, the preformed pile end can not be clamp-oned the high and not softening decomposed rock deep layer of compressive strength as bearing stratum, has limited increasing substantially of bearing capacity of pile tip.Because the limitation of job practices and piling machinery, in the decomposed rock deep layer of can't the hold layer selecting not to be arranged on softeningly.Adopt existingly wholely on the ground beat, during the pressing pile construction method, the pile sinking strength of piling machinery will overcome end resistance or pile side friction simultaneously.Because it is little that piling machinery overcomes the pile sinking strength portion of end resistance, can not make the softening decomposed rock shallow-layer of the downward enter solution in a bottom, the decomposed rock deep layer that cannot not enter softeningly fundamentally eliminates producing the softening genetic prerequisite of bearing stratum.The decomposed rock further portion cannot not be softening, as middle weathered rock formation, gentle breeze rock stratum, weathered rock formation not, promptly than soft rock, than hard rock, hard rock.Therefore, the stake end of existing preformed pile can not enter the decomposed rock deep layer as bearing stratum.

Three, when the embedding rock, replacing process has limited increasing substantially of pile end bearing capacity.Pile end is to have entered compressive strength decomposed rock deep layer high and that do not soften as bearing stratum with replacing process (as employing boring, borehole method, rather than adopt and clamp-on technology).The power of holding rock stratum end resistance in this case, the characteristic value of side friction are very low, only are to clamp-on technology to hold about 1/5 of power rock characteristic value, have limited increasing substantially of pile end bearing capacity.

The reason that the pile foundation expense is high has three:

Four, owing to the amount of laying out pile many (because bearing capacity of single pile is little), its basic expense surpasses few (bearing capacity of single pile is big) basic expense of the amount of laying out pile under the identical load.

Five, increase the cushion cap expense.Because bearing capacity of single pile is little, post must adopt the form of structure of " many+cushion cap " down, and a large amount of cushion caps has increased the many expenses of pile foundation.

Six, increase base thickness and rigidity expense.Because bearing capacity of single pile is little, must rely on the raft plate or the plate of case base, the thickness of wall and the bearing capacity that rigidity obtains inter-pile soil that increase raft foundation.The increase of thickness and rigidity causes the increasing of basic expense.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention is in order to overcome the low and high shortcoming of pile foundation expense of pile capacity, to provide the job practices of a kind of large bearing capacity pile and pile foundation and inner hole deposition to hit equipment.

Purpose of the present invention can reach by taking following measure:

Content 1.A kind of large bearing capacity pile includes following wherein one or more parts, pile body, stake point, tension muscle; It is characterized in that: also include following wherein one or both parts: anti-softening section, thin walled cylinder body (10).Anti-softening section has stoped the underground water in the stake core (12) to ooze out pile body from crack, the under shed stream of stake hypomere, and a softening bearing stratum at the bottom of entering has avoided bearing stratum to meet the softening accident of water humidification.Perhaps anti-softening section is the softening weathered rock formation of enter solution downwards, enters the not softening weathered rock formation than deep layer, fundamentally eliminates the genetic prerequisite that produces softening bearing stratum.Cannot not being softening of weathered rock formation than further portion, as middle weathered rock formation, gentle breeze rock stratum, weathered rock formation not, promptly than soft rock, than hard rock, hard rock.The effect of thin walled cylinder body (10) is to prevent that ground from entering in the hole for grout pile, effect of going along with sb. to guard him and the effect of gaining in strength of cuff concrete.

Content 2.A kind of job practices of pile foundation, it is characterized in that: it includes following wherein one or more measures, and stake is provided with the measure of anti-softening section, stake and is provided with that thin walled cylinder body (10) measure, use equipment are heavy hits that a part lower end measure, use equipment are heavy hits that the measure of pillar lower end, use equipment are heavy hits the measure of pressure-bearing post.

Stake is provided with the measure of anti-softening section and can avoids easily softening weathered rock and soil bearing stratum to meet the softening accident of water humidification.Stake is provided with thin walled cylinder body (10) measure and can be formed with the hole for grout pile of going along with sb. to guard him with very low expense.Use inner hole deposition to hit that equipment is heavy to hit a part, pillar measure, can be overcoming end resistance and overcome pile side friction and separate split and carry out, the hammering of stake construction equipment, pressure are hit strength can all be used for overcoming separately end resistance; Therefore, the strength that broken rock squeezes rock improves and increases, and easily stake lower end or pillar lower end is clamp-oned in the decomposed rock deep layer, increases substantially bearing capacity of pile tip.Stake part lower end is meant stake point (9), thin walled cylinder body (10) inward flange ring (16) or closure plate bottom; The pillar lower end is meant pillar inward flange ring (16) or closure plate bottom.

Content 3A kind of inner hole deposition hits equipment, it includes fuselage part, power section, control section, running gear, sinks to part, it is characterized in that: its part that sinks to includes following wherein one or more devices or mechanism, hammering stake device, hydraulic pressure piling device, pressure-bearing column device; Hammering stake device includes following wherein one or more facility, diesel hammer facility, post hammering facility, hydraulic pressure vibration hammer facility, electronic vibration hammer facility; Post hammering facility include following wherein one or more mechanisms, and hammer body mechanism (17), hydraulic pressure rise hammer mechanism, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19); Hammer body mechanism (17) include following wherein one or more, hollow hammer body mechanism, solid hammer body mechanism; The diameter of hammering stake device is greater than 0.2 meter.

Hydraulic pressure piling device is meant when the hammering of hammering stake device, can also press pile sinking spare or pillar work simultaneously, improves effect; The pressure-bearing column device is to be used for replacing pile body to bear the pressure of hammering stake device hitting power or hydraulic pressure piling device, and hitting power or pressure are delivered to a bottom, hole, can increase and improve hitting power, piling pressure; Hydraulic pressure rises hammer mechanism and is meant that the strength that adopts hydraulic system in the hammering stake device promotes hammer body; Hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19) is meant and adopts rigid bar to connect hammer body (rather than flexible rope) in the hammering stake device that rigid bar can make things convenient for and heavy length, the pile penetration of hitting the whereabouts of accurate recording hammer body; Hydraulic pressure rises hammer mechanism and hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19) can promote the large-tonnage hammer body safely, increases substantially the heavy energy that hits; Hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is meant that the outer facade of hammer body has movable convex body mechanism, outer convex body is the mobile that can move up and down, can be locked in a certain height easily, be used for driven pile spare lower end inward flange ring (16) or the inward flange ring (16) of pillar lower end; Hollow hammer body mechanism (17) is meant that hammer body inside is hollow, and the hollow hammer body of a plurality of different-diameters can be formed the different-diameter hammer body by intussusception, to satisfy the different stake footpath requirement of design, also has the function by packing material in addition.

Content 4.According to content 1 described a kind of large bearing capacity pile, it is characterized in that:

Pile body includes following wherein one or more parts, hollow pile body (1), solid pile body (2), fills out core pile body (3), inner core (8); The pile body diameter is greater than 0.2 meter; The thickness/diameter ratio of hollow pile body (1) is greater than 1/6; Fill out core pile body (3) and include hollow pile body (1) and packing (11);

The stake point is connected with anti-softening section; The stake point includes following wherein one or more parts, solid pile point (9), hollow pile point (15); The internal diameter of hollow pile point (15) is less than the diameter of stake core (12), perhaps less than the diameter of thin walled cylinder body (10); The internal diameter of hollow pile point (15) is greater than the hammer body diameter of hammering stake device; The effect of hollow pile point (15) is to help the hammer body of hammering stake device to drop out stake point directly hammering ground, perhaps hammering filler;

Anti-softening section includes following wherein one or more parts, hollow pile cutoff (4), solid pile cutoff (5), fills out core pile cutoff (6), piling bar section (7); Anti-softening section is arranged on the lower end part of hollow pile at least; Its length is no less than that pile body enters the length of bearing stratum or less than the length of pile body or equal the length of pile body, the length of anti-softening section is no less than 0.3 meter; Anti-softening section and pile body joint consubstantiality together, or (being the merogenesis allosome promptly) of independent body with pile body, separately the anti-softening section of body and an other joint or number joint pile body have connected and composed the stake that anti-softening section is arranged, and adopt welding, glued joint, machinery one or more connected modes anti-soften section of connecting pile body and body separately wherein; Anti-softening section adopts with the pile body homogeneous material to be made; The diameter of anti-softening section more than or equal to or less than the diameter of pile body, the diameter of anti-softening section is greater than 0.2 meter;

Wherein: the thickness/diameter of hollow pile cutoff (4) is than between 1/6-1/20; Hollow pile cutoff (4) includes sealant (13), and sealant (13) is arranged on inwall, outer wall, termination face one of them or several position of hollow pile cutoff (4), and the thickness of sealant (13) is between the 0.4-80 millimeter, and permeability resistance is between 0.05-0.6Mpa; The diameter of solid pile cutoff (5) more than or equal to or less than the diameter of stake core (12); Fill out core pile cutoff (6) and include hollow pile cutoff (4) and packing (11); Piling bar section (7) is to be made by shaped steel or uncovered steel pipe, and its thickness is not less than 2 millimeters, and its length is between 0.3-10 rice; There is cavity stake core (12) inside of hollow pile body (1) or hollow pile cutoff (4); Fill out core pile body (3) by hollow pile body (1) with in cavity stake core (12), compound the making of packing (11) with water resistance; Fill out core pile cutoff (6) by hollow pile cutoff (4) with in cavity stake core (12), compound the making of packing (11) with water resistance;

Thin walled cylinder body (10) is with pile body or stake point (9) or prevent that softening section is connected; Thin walled cylinder body (10) diameter is greater than 0.2 meter; Thin walled cylinder body (10) diameter more than or equal to or less than the diameter of pile body or anti-softening section, perhaps thin walled cylinder body (10) diameter is less than the diameter of stake core (12); The thickness of thin walled cylinder body (10) is not less than 0.3 millimeter; The diameter/thickness ratio of thin walled cylinder body (10) is greater than 70; The length of thin walled cylinder body (10) more than or equal to or less than pile body; The length of thin walled cylinder body (10) more than or equal to or less than anti-softening section; Thin walled cylinder body (10) adopts segmentation form or burst form; The girth at thin walled cylinder body (10) two ends is inequality, and an end is big and the other end is little, can intussusception, overlapping; Segmentation, burst, intussusception, the reduplicative forms of thin walled cylinder body (10) is transportation for convenience and assembling; Thin walled cylinder body (10) also include inward flange ring (16) or closure plate bottom, inward flange ring (16) or closure plate are can sink and hit thin walled cylinder body (10) lower end for inner hole deposition hits equipment, spur thin walled cylinder body (10) downwards and clamp-on in the decomposed rock deep layer;

Pile body or anti-softening section also include enlarged footing (14), and enlarged footing (14) is arranged on the lower end part of pile body or anti-softening section; Enlarged footing (14) can also be arranged on the lower end part of the packing (9) of filling out core pile cutoff (6); The projection horizontal area of enlarged footing (14) is greater than pile body, the anti-projection horizontal area that softens section, and the projection horizontal area of enlarged footing (14) is pile body, the projection horizontal area of preventing softening section 1-30 a times; Enlarged footing (14) include following material wherein one or more, packing (9), packing material; The enlarged footing (14) of filling out core pile cutoff (6) is except that possessing the percolation-proof function, and main function is the loaded area that has increased the stake end, has improved bearing capacity of pile tip greatly;

Inner core (8) diameter is greater than 0.2 meter, and thickness is not less than 0.3 millimeter, and diameter/thickness is than greater than 50, length more than or equal to or less than pile body; The effect of inner core (8) is hollow pile body (1), the hollow pile cutoff (4) that forms in-site pouring, reduces the material of body of a pile use amount.

Content 5.According to content 1 or 4 described a kind of large bearing capacity piles, it is characterized in that:

The optimum length of anti-softening section is between 1-6 rice; The diameter of anti-softening section more than or equal to or less than the diameter of stake core (12);

The inwall of hollow pile body (1) or hollow pile cutoff (4) has metallic seal layer (13) or thin walled cylinder body (10) is arranged;

The shaped steel of piling bar section (7) or the thickness of uncovered steel pipe are between the 2--20 millimeter; Shaped steel is to adopt wherein one or more composition of i iron, channel-section steel, these materials of angle steel; The impact resistance of the solid pile cutoff (5) that employing piling bar section (7) or steel pipe concrete are made is good, can enter the decomposed rock deep layer;

The optimum thickness of sealant (13) is between the 1-10 millimeter, and permeability resistance is between 0.05-0.6Mpa, and best permeability resistance is between 0.1-0.3Mpa;

The optimum thickness of thin walled cylinder body (10) is between the 0.5-50 millimeter; The optimum diameter of thin walled cylinder body (10)/thickness ratio is greater than 90; When thin walled cylinder body (10) adopted the segmentation form, its thickness of every section had nothing in common with each other, and the thickness of hypomere is greater than the thickness of epimere; The concrete layer is arranged outside the thin walled cylinder body (10), and protection thin walled cylinder body (10) does not corrode;

The lower end of hollow pile body (1) or hollow pile cutoff (4) or stake core (12) also includes inward flange ring (16) or closure plate, inward flange ring (16) or closure plate effect are can sink the lower end of hitting hollow pile body (1) or hollow pile cutoff (4) or stake core (12) for inner hole deposition hits equipment, and clamp-on in the decomposed rock deep layer lower end that spurs hollow pile body (1) or hollow pile cutoff (4) or stake core (12) downwards;

There is packing material the inside of inner core (8), reduces building earth, rubbish outward transport;

The diameter of pile body, anti-softening section, thin walled cylinder body (10) is greater than 0.5 meter.

Content 6.Job practices according to content 2 described a kind of pile foundations is characterized in that:

The measure that forms stake, pile foundation in the job practices includes following wherein one or more technologies:

The A-precasting process is to produce finished product in factory, directly uses in the building site;

The B-packaging technology is to produce semiproduct (segmentation, burst) in factory, re-uses behind building site assembling finished product;

The C-instillation process is at building site perfusion packing (11) or concrete;

The D-coated technique is at building site coating sealant (13);

H-pressure pile spare technology uses that hydraulic pressure piling device is heavy to be hit a part and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

J-hammers into shape into a part technology, uses that hammering stake device is heavy to be hit a part and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

K-is pressed into pillar technology, uses that hydraulic pressure piling device is heavy to be hit pillar and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

L-hammers into shape into pillar technology, uses that hammering stake device is heavy to be hit pillar and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

M-extracts pillar or pressure-bearing post technology, and use equipment is extracted pillar or pressure-bearing post from underground rock-soil layer;

N-filler technology is put into packing material in the stake hole, form enlarged footing (14);

P-connects technology, and different stake part, parts are linked into an integrated entity;

Q-puts into a part technology, puts into a part or put into parts in pillar;

R-forms ground hole technology, and use equipment forms in underground rock-soil layer does not have the ground stake of space enclosing structure hole;

S-is pressed into pressure-bearing post technology, uses that hydraulic pressure piling device is heavy to be hit the pressure-bearing column device and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

T-hammers into shape into pressure-bearing post technology, uses that hammering stake stake device is heavy to be hit the pressure-bearing column device and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

The feature of the anti-softening section that stake is provided with is identical with the feature of claim 1 or 4 or 5 described a kind of large bearing capacity piles anti-softening section wherein; The measure of anti-softening section is set includes following wherein one or more technologies: precasting process, packaging technology, instillation process, coated technique; Wherein adopt precasting process can form hollow pile cutoff (4), solid pile cutoff (5), fill out core pile cutoff (6), piling bar section (7), adopt instillation process can form hollow pile cutoff (4), solid pile cutoff (5), fill out core pile cutoff (6); Adopt coated technique can be formed with the hollow pile cutoff (4) of sealant (13);

The feature of the thin walled cylinder body (10) that stake is provided with is identical with the feature of claim 1 or 4 or 5 described a kind of large bearing capacity piles thin walled cylinder body (10) wherein; Thin walled cylinder body (10) measure is set includes following wherein one or more technologies: precasting process, packaging technology;

The equipment that job practices is used is that inner hole deposition hits equipment, uses inner hole deposition to hit that equipment is heavy to hit a part lower end measure or the measure of pillar lower end includes following wherein one or more technologies:

Use equipment is heavy to be hit a part lower end measure and is: by in the stake hole or in the stake part or in the ground hole, use inner hole deposition hit equipment heavy hit following stake part wherein one or more, the lower end of anti-softening section, an anti-softening section lower end, stake point (9), thin walled cylinder body (10) lower end, stake core (12) lower end, pile body forms stake or forms the part stake or be formed with the stake hole of space enclosing structure; Stake part lower end includes inward flange ring (16) or closure plate;

Use equipment is heavy to be hit the measure of pillar lower end and is: by in the pillar or in the ground hole, use inner hole deposition to hit the heavy pillar lower end of hitting of equipment, be formed with the stake hole of space enclosing structure, the effect of pillar is the stake hole that temporarily forms space enclosing structure, will pull out behind pore-forming or pile or perfusion concrete; The pillar lower end includes inward flange ring (16) or closure plate;

The diameter in stake, stake hole is greater than 0.5 meter;

Inner hole deposition hits equipment and includes following wherein one or more machineries, hydraulic pressure piling device, hammering stake device, pressure-bearing column device; Hydraulic pressure piling device includes following wherein one or more facility or mechanism, roof pressure facility, armful press tool; Hammering stake device includes following wherein one or more facility, diesel oil hammering facility, post hammering facility, vibration hammering facility; The pressure of hydraulic pressure piling device is between million Ns of 0.2-20, and the hammering energy of hammering stake device is between million Ns of rice of 0.2-200; Post hammering facility include following wherein one or more mechanisms, and hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19), hydraulic pressure rise hammer mechanism, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), hammer body mechanism (17); Hammer body mechanism (17) include following wherein one or more, hollow hammer body mechanism, solid hammer body mechanism; Hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19) include following wherein one or more, hollow suspension rod, solid suspension rod; The diameter of the hammer body of hammering stake device is greater than 0.5 meter, and length is greater than 1 meter, and weight is between the 1-500 ton; The pressure-bearing column device adopt cylinder, pressure-bearing column device include following wherein one or more, hollow pressure-bearing post, solid pressure-bearing post; Length is not less than 6 meters; Pressure-bearing post mechanism adopts steel pipe or steel pipe concrete material to make; At the bottom of ground packing material enters by hollow hammer body, hollow suspension rod, hollow pressure-bearing post hollow; Because the concrete pile body is broken easily when heavy hitting, employing pressure-bearing column device replacement concrete pile body bears the pressure of hammering stake device hitting power or hydraulic pressure piling device, realizes sinking to the deep layer purpose of rock indirectly.

Content 7.Job practices according to content 2 or 6 described a kind of pile foundations is characterized in that: the clustered operation of its job practices technology include following wherein one or more:

Operation 1:

Step 1, carry out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, use equipment is heavy to hit hollow pile body (1) or solid pile point (9) enters projected depth in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 2, carry out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, use equipment continues the heavy solid pile point (9) that hits, solid pile point (9) with enter in the deep layer of rock after hollow pile body (1) separates, reach embedding rock projected depth, and form the stake hole, rock stratum that does not have space enclosing structure;

Step 3, carry out Q-and put into a part technology, the tension muscle is put into stake hole, rock stratum in the building site;

Step 4, carry out the G-instillation process, the full concrete of perfusion in stake hole, rock stratum, in the hollow pile body (1) forms and fills out core pile body (3);

Operation 2:

Step 1 is carried out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-and is hammered into shape into a part technology, and use equipment is heavy to hit hollow pile body (1), solid pile cutoff (5) enters projected depth in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 2 is carried out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-and is hammered into shape into a part technology, and use equipment continues to sink to hit solid pile cutoff (5), and solid pile cutoff (5) enters in the deep layer of rock, reaches embedding rock projected depth;

Step 3 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in hollow pile body (1);

All the other features are with operation 1;

Operation 3:

Step 1 is carried out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-and is hammered into shape into a part technology, and use equipment is heavy to hit hollow pile body (1), solid pile point (9) enters projected depth in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 2, carrying out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, use equipment continues the heavy solid pile point (9) that hits, solid pile point (9) separates the back short thin walled cylinder body of pulling (10) and enters in the deep layer of rock with hollow pile body (1), reach embedding rock projected depth, and be formed with the stake hole, rock stratum of space enclosing structure;

Step 3 is carried out Q-and is put into a part technology, in the building site tension muscle cage is put into stake hole, rock stratum;

Step 4 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in short thin walled cylinder body (10), in the hollow pile body (1);

Operation 4:

Step 1, carrying out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is arranged on the lower end of hammer body, the heavy inward flange ring (16) that hits thin walled cylinder body (10) of the hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) of use equipment makes thin walled cylinder body (10) enter projected depth in the underground soil layer;

Step 2, carrying out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to the upper end of hammer body, use equipment hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) sinks and hits the stake hole, rock stratum that the rock stratum forms does not have space enclosing structure, and the heavy process of hitting contacts with the inward flange ring (16) of thin walled cylinder body (10) until hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18);

Step 3, carrying out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, again hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to the lower end of hammer body, the heavy inward flange ring (16) that hits thin walled cylinder body (10) of the hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) of use equipment hammer body spurs thin walled cylinder body (10) downwards and clamp-ons in the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 4, repeating step 2 and step 3, projected depth in clamp-oning the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 5 is carried out Q-and is put into a part technology, in the building site tension muscle is put into a hole;

Step 6 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in thin walled cylinder body (10);

Operation 5:

Step 1 is carried out L-and is hammered into shape into pillar technology, and hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is arranged on the lower end of hammer body, uses heavy inward flange ring (16) or the closure plate of hitting the pillar lower end of hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) to enter projected depth in the underground soil layer;

Step 2, carrying out L-hammers into shape into pillar technology, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to the upper end of hammer body, use the heavy rock stratum of hitting of hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), formation does not have the stake hole, rock stratum of space enclosing structure, and the heavy process of hitting contacts with the inward flange ring (16) of thin walled cylinder body (10) until hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18);

Step 3, carrying out L-hammers into shape into pillar technology, the lower end that hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to hammer body, use heavy inward flange ring (16) or the closure plate of hitting the pillar lower end of hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), spur pillar downwards and clamp-on in the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 4, repeating step 2 and step 3, projected depth in clamp-oning the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 5 is carried out Q-and is put into a part technology, puts into thin walled cylinder body (10) and tension muscle in pillar, perhaps puts into hollow pile body (1) and tension muscle;

Step 6 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in thin walled cylinder body (10).

Step 7 is carried out M-and is extracted pillar technology, and use equipment is extracted pillar from underground rock-soil layer; Step 7 also can be carried out before step 6;

All the other features together Operation 4

Operation 6:

Carrying out thin walled cylinder body (10) or hollow pile body (1) being enclosed within the pillar outside before L-hammers pillar technology into shape, enter in the underground rock-soil layer with pillar then, step 7 is carried out M-and is extracted pillar technology and carry out before step 5.Extract the rock-soil layer stake hole that is formed with the space enclosing structure of thin walled cylinder body (10) or hollow pile body (1) behind the pillar; All the other features together Operation 5

Operation 7:

Step 8 is carried out N-filler technology, by hollow suspension rod, the in-house hollow passageway of hollow hammer body, pours into packing material in the ground hole;

Step 9 is carried out J-and is hammered into shape into a part technology, uses that hammering stake device is heavy to be hit packing material and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 10, repeating step 8 and step 9 are until forming enlarged footing (14);

All the other features together Operation 4, or Operation 5, or Operation 6

Operation 8:

Adopt the hollow pile body of concrete (1) to replace thin walled cylinder body (10); All the other features together Operation 4, or Operation 5, or Operation 6, or Operation 7

Operation 9:

This is adopted S-to be pressed into pressure-bearing post technology, uses that hydraulic pressure piling device is heavy to be hit the pressure-bearing column device and enter in the underground rock-soil layer; Perhaps adopt T-to hammer into shape, use that hammering stake stake device is heavy to be hit the pressure-bearing column device and enter in the underground rock-soil layer into pressure-bearing post technology; Extract the rock-soil layer stake hole that is formed with the space enclosing structure of thin walled cylinder body (10) or hollow pile body (1) behind the pressure-bearing column device; All the other features together Operation 1, or Operation 2, or Operation 3, or Operation 4, or Operation 5, or Operation 6, or Operation 7, or Operation 8

Operation 10:

This hollow pile body (1) comprises inner core (8), and the effect of inner core (8) is the hollow pile body of concrete (1) that forms in-site pouring, and inner core (8) has reduced the use amount of pile body concrete material.Adopt the hollow pile body of concrete (1) of in-site pouring to replace prefabricated hollow pile body (1);

Its job practices Operation 10As follows: as to carry out Q-and put into a part technology, when in pillar, putting into thin walled cylinder body (10) or tension muscle or precast hollow pile body (1), also put into inner core (8); Carry out the G-instillation process,, form the hollow pile body of concrete (1) of in-site pouring at the full concrete of inner core (8) outside perfusion; All the other features together Operation 1, or Operation 2, or Operation 3, or Operation 4, or Operation 5, or The worker Preface 6, or Operation 7, or Operation 8, or Operation 9The concrete hollow pile of this large diameter in-site pouring will be better than expanded bore pile greatly on performance, technology, economic indicator.

Content 8.According to content 1 or 4 or 5 described a kind of large bearing capacity piles with according to the job practices of content 2 or 6 or 7 described a kind of pile foundations, it is characterized in that:

Pile body, stake point, anti-softening section, inner core (8), thin walled cylinder body (10), pillar adopt following wherein one or more materials to make: concrete, tension muscle concrete, steel pipe concrete, ladle concrete, steel, shaped steel, steel pipe, fibrous material, fiber concrete; Fibrous material in fibrous material, the fiber concrete is wherein a kind of or wherein several of following fibrous material: metallic fiber, organic synthetic fibers, inorfil, FRP fiber;

Sealant (13), packing (11) include waterproofing materials; Waterproofing materials include rigidity water-proofing material, flexible waterproof material wherein one or both; Sealant (13) is coating state or coiled material state, applies, sticks on inwall, facial position, termination; Packing (11) includes wherein a kind of of waterproofing materials, these materials of packing material or two kinds;

Rigidity water-proofing material is that metal sheet or the liquid thing that easily solidifies are made; The liquid thing that easily solidifies is to contain wherein one or more mixture or compound of cement, water glass, lime, these materials of intumescent material; The liquid thing that easily solidifies is concrete or mortar; The compressive property of the liquid thing that easily solidifies is not less than 10Mpa, and wherein the content of cement, water glass, lime is not less than 100 kilograms/cubic metre, and the content of intumescent material is not less than 0.1% of cement, water glass, lime weight; Metal sheet is to contain wherein one or more mixture or compound of steel, aluminium, these materials of copper;

Flexible waterproof material be by contain pitch, plastics, resin, rubber, these viscoelastic materials of ointment wherein one or more mixture or compound constitute; Flexible seal layer (13) is one deck flexible waterproof coating layer or flexible waterproof sheet layer; Flexible waterproof coating or flexible waterproof sheet include organic viscoelastic materials such as asphaltic base, rubber-based, can effectively avoid being shattered by near the construction of impact pile driving machine and open;

Packing material be lime, sand, stone, flyash, slag, slag, waste residue, building waste, building materials, these materials of ground wherein one or more.

Content 9.Job practices according to content 8 described a kind of large bearing capacity piles and a kind of pile foundation is characterized in that:

Pile body, anti-softening section employing concrete or tension muscle concrete or steel pipe concrete or shaped steel are made; Hollow pile cutoff (4), solid pile cutoff (5), fill out core pile cutoff (6) and adopt concrete or tension muscle concrete or steel pipe concrete or shaped steel to make; Piling bar section (7) is to be made by shaped steel or uncovered steel pipe; Stake point (9) employing steel or concrete or tension muscle concrete or ladle concrete or shaped steel are made; Thin walled cylinder body (10) adopts steel pipe to make;

The shape of shaped steel is wherein a kind of or wherein several of plate, muscle, rod, rope, pipe, H type, L type, these materials of C type;

Organic synthesis material or organic synthetic fibers are that polyethylene, propylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene are fine, nylon, aramid fiber, polyamide, basic polyimides, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyolefin, polyurethane, wherein a kind of or wherein several of fine rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, neoprene, these materials of butyl rubber or fiber;

Inorganic fibers or FRP fiber (fiber reinforced plastic composite material) are that glass fiber, carbon fiber, boron fibre, ceramic fibre, silicon carbide fibre, alumina fibre are wherein a kind of or wherein several of these kinds fiber;

The liquid thing that easily solidifies preferably contains concrete or mortar or the microdilatancy concrete or the microdilatancy mortar of cement, intumescent material; Its compressive property is not less than 15Mpa, and wherein the content of cement is not less than 200 kilograms/cubic metre; The content of intumescent material be not less than cement weight 0.1%.

Content 10, hit equipment, it is characterized in that according to content 3 described a kind of inner hole depositions:

Running gear is to adopt stride device or crawler attachment or drum apparatus;

Sinking to part also includes extruding-spreading device or bores the pick device;

The pressure-bearing column device adopts cylinder; The pressure-bearing column device include following wherein one or more, hollow pressure-bearing post, solid pressure-bearing post; Length is not less than 6 meters; Pressure-bearing post mechanism adopts steel pipe or steel pipe concrete material to make; Because the concrete pile body is broken easily when heavy hitting, employing pressure-bearing column device replacement concrete pile body bears the pressure of hammering stake device hitting power or hydraulic pressure piling device, realizes sinking to the deep layer purpose of rock indirectly; Other titles of pressure-bearing post are beaten device and Pile feeder replacing;

Hydraulic pressure piling device includes following wherein one or more facility, roof pressure facility, armful press tool;

The diameter of hammering stake device is greater than 0.2 meter; The diameter of post hammering facility is greater than 0.2 meter; The diameter of hammer body mechanism (17) is greater than 0.2 meter; The diameter of solid hammer body mechanism is greater than 0.5 meter; Post hammer facility are to adopt rhabdion or pile body as hammer body; Hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19) include following wherein one or more, hollow suspension rod, solid suspension rod; The length of the hammer body of hammering stake device is between 1-30 rice, and weight is between the 1-500 ton; At the bottom of ground packing material enters by hollow hammer body, hollow suspension rod, hollow pressure-bearing post hollow;

Bore the pick device include following mechanism wherein one or more, drill bit mechanism, drilling rod mechanism; Drill bit mechanism include following wherein one or more, cut drill, augers, revolve enlarging aiguille, revolve and dig drill bit.

Extruding-spreading device includes squeezed bag or extruding and expanding machine or squeezed bag and extruding and expanding machine; Extruding and expanding machine is wherein a kind of of following 3 kinds of forms or wherein several; A, only bow pressing arm arranged, use hydraulic jack (20) extruding of pile sinking machine, i.e. the single arm type extruding and expanding machine; B, be to include bow pressing arm, hydraulic jack 5, i.e. arm pressure type extruding and expanding machine; C, be to include hydraulic jack 16, rotating mechanism, i.e. top pressing type extruding and expanding machine; D, be to include bow pressing arm, hydraulic jack (20), rotating mechanism, i.e. the arm pressure combined extruding and expanding machine that bears down on one; When using the combined type extruding and expanding machine, earlier go out little expanded hole with the bow pressing arm of lower end is squeezed, move down extruding and expanding machine then, hydraulic jack (20) is rotated to level, can also horizontally rotate arbitrarily in 360 degree scopes simultaneously, make hydraulic jack (20) in established little expanded hole with arbitrarily angled rotation, ground is directly pushed, squeezed step by step amplification enlarges and forms big expanded hole.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following outstanding advantage:

1, because pile body is provided with anti-softening section, anti-softening section can effectively stop, overcome, avoided the softening accident of bearing stratum immersion humidification.Therefore can increase due stake end end resistance of hollow pile and the distolateral frictional resistance of stake, realize large bearing capacity pile.

2, because pile body is provided with thin walled cylinder body (10), use inner hole deposition to hit equipment, adopt the part lower end measure of hitting of sinking, adopt heavy hit pillar or the lower end measure of pressure-bearing post, the stake end can sink to, clamp-on the high and not softening decomposed rock deep layer of compressive strength as bearing stratum, the characteristic value of holding power rock stratum end resistance, side friction has increased about 5 times, increase substantially bearing capacity of pile tip, realized large bearing capacity pile.

3, reduced the pile foundation expense significantly.Owing to adopt technology (rather than replacing process, as adopting boring, borehole method), the expense of displacement stake hole ground clamp-oned; Because thin walled cylinder body (10) has formed the low and employing high strength concrete of the cost that the rock-soil layer of space enclosing structure stake hole is arranged, the single pile expense reduces; Owing to realized large bearing capacity pile, the amount of laying out pile is few; Owing to, do not have the cushion cap expense owing to can adopt " one on a post " form of structure under the post; And because the minimizing of base thickness and rigidity causes basic expense to reduce.Therefore, basic expense can comprehensively reduce by more than 50.

4, to hit the energy of clamp-oning the decomposed rock deep layer of equipment very big for inner hole deposition, and it is simple in structure, deadweight reduces, cost is not high.

Description of drawings

Be to describe the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below:

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 1

Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 2

Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 1, embodiment 2

Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 3

Fig. 5 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 4

Fig. 6 be the anti-softening section cross-sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 3, embodiment 4 and embodiment 9-13, embodiment 19 fill out core pile body (3) cross-sectional drawing

Fig. 7 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 5

Fig. 8 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 6

Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 5, embodiment 6

Figure 10 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 7

Figure 11 is the cross-sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 7

Figure 12 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 8

Figure 13 is the cross-sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 8

Figure 14 is the embodiment of the invention 9 longitudinal sectional drawings

Figure 15 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 10

Figure 16 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 11

Figure 17 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 12

Figure 18 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 13

Figure 19 be the thin walled cylinder body (10) of the embodiment of the invention 14 form the stake hole hit the longitudinal sectional drawing of equipment center pillar hammering facility with inner hole deposition

Figure 20 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 15, embodiment 16, embodiment 17

Figure 21 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 18

Figure 22 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the embodiment of the invention 19

Figure 23 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the hollow pile body of concrete (1) of the in-site pouring of the embodiment of the invention 23

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1.From Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 as can be known, this enforcement 1 is a large bearing capacity pile concrete hollow pile that anti-softening section is arranged.

Product feature.It comprises hollow pile body (1), stake core (12), stake sharp (9) (drawing), it is characterized in that: also include anti-softening section, prevent that softening section is hollow pile cutoff (4), hollow pile cutoff (4) is with saving consubstantiality with hollow pile body (1).Hollow pile cutoff (4) is arranged on the lower end part of hollow pile; The length of hollow pile cutoff (4) is no less than the length that pile body enters bearing stratum; The optimum length of hollow pile cutoff (4) is between 1-4 rice; Hollow pile cutoff (4) includes one deck sealant (13), and sealant (13) is arranged on the inwall position of hollow pile body (1), perhaps is arranged on the facial position in inwall and termination; The optimum thickness of sealant (13) is between the 1-3 millimeter, and permeability resistance is between 0.1-0.3Mpa; Sealant (13) includes flexible waterproof material, flexible waterproof material be by contain these organic viscoelastic materials such as pitch, plastics, resin, rubber, ointment wherein one or more mixture or compound constitute; Sealant (13) is the coating state or the coiled material state applies, sticks on inwall, facial position, termination; Because flexible sealant (13) has elasticity and ductility, sealant (13) blocks and has sealed hollow pile body (1) bottom because of the crackle of beating, piling produces, the underground water (flowing into the underground water of stake core from the crack, top) that has stoped the stake in-core causes bearing stratum immersion humidification softening by flowing to the pile body lower end under the stake core (12) and oozing out outside the hollow pile body (1); Also effectively avoiding simultaneously sealant (13) to be shattered by near impact pile driving machine construction opens.The anti-softening section bearing capacity that has increased the concrete hollow pile that the hollow pile cutoff (4) of sealant (13) is arranged.

The job practices feature.This concrete hollow pile adopts the A-precasting process to produce finished product in factory, adopts heavy the hitting of H-pressure pile spare technology to enter in the underground rock-soil layer in the building site, perhaps adopts J-to hammer heavy the hitting of a part technology into shape and enters in the underground rock-soil layer.The sealant (13) of hollow pile cutoff (4) adopts the A-precasting process to be applied as in factory.

Embodiment 2.From Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as can be known, present embodiment 2 also is a large bearing capacity concrete hollow pile that anti-softening section is arranged.

Product feature.Hollow pile cutoff (4) as anti-softening section is a separate component; The concrete hollow pile is saved by a joint hollow pile cutoff of separate component (4) and other one or the number joint hollow pile body of concrete (1) connects and composes.

The job practices feature.This concrete hollow pile adopts A-precasting process, B-packaging technology, P-to connect technology.Produce semiproduct (segmentation, burst) in factory, heavy again hitting enters in the underground rock-soil layer after the building site assembles different stake part, parts to be integral.Its connected mode adopt welding, mechanical connection wherein one or more.The sealant (13) of hollow pile cutoff (4) adopts the D-coated technique to be applied as in the building site.

All the other features are with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3.From Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 as can be known, this enforcement 3 is one the large bearing capacity concrete hollow pile of filling out core pile cutoff (6) with the joint consubstantiality.

Product feature.Anti-softening section is to fill out core pile cutoff (6).It comprises hollow pile body (1), stake core (12), it is characterized in that: fill out the lower end part that core pile cutoff (6) is arranged on hollow pile; The length of filling out core pile cutoff (6) is no less than the length that pile body enters bearing stratum; The optimum length of filling out core pile cutoff (6) is between 1-4 rice; Filling out core pile cutoff (6) is with the joint consubstantiality with the hollow pile body of concrete (1).Stake is that packing (11) includes rigidity water-proofing material by compound the making of packing (11) of hollow pile body (1) and filling in stake core (12), and rigidity water-proofing material is to be made by the liquid thing that easily solidifies; The liquid thing that easily solidifies is microdilatancy concrete or the microdilatancy mortar that contains cement and intumescent material; The compressive property of microdilatancy concrete or microdilatancy mortar is not less than C15, and wherein the content of cement is not less than 200 kilograms/cubic metre, the content of intumescent material be not less than cement weight 0.1%.

The job practices feature.Filling out core pile cutoff (6) adopts the C-instillation process to pour into packing (11) or concrete formation in the building site.The anti-softening section bearing capacity that has increased the concrete hollow pile filling out core pile cutoff (6) that packing (11) is arranged.

Embodiment 4.From Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 as can be known, present embodiment 4 also is a large bearing capacity concrete hollow pile that anti-softening section is arranged.

Product feature.As anti-softening section to fill out core pile cutoff (6) be separate component, stake is filled out a core pile cutoff (6) and an other joint or number by a joint and is saved the hollow pile body of concrete (1) and connect and compose.

The job practices feature.This concrete hollow pile adopts A-precasting process, B-packaging technology, P-to connect technology.Produce semiproduct (segmentation, burst) in factory, heavy again hitting enters in the underground rock-soil layer after the building site assembles different stake part, parts to be integral.Its connected mode adopt welding, mechanical connection wherein one or more.Filling out core pile cutoff (6) adopts the C-instillation process to pour into packing (11) or concrete formation in the building site.

All the other features are with embodiment 3.

Embodiment 5.From Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 as can be known, present embodiment 5 is large bearing capacity concrete hollow piles that have with the joint solid pile cutoff of consubstantiality (5).

Product feature.Anti-softening section is solid pile cutoff (5).This stake also comprises hollow pile body (1), stake core (12)).Solid pile cutoff (5) is arranged on the lower end part of hollow pile body (1); The length of solid pile cutoff (5) is no less than the length that pile body enters bearing stratum; The optimum length of solid pile cutoff (5) is between 1-4 rice; Solid pile cutoff (5) and the hollow pile body of concrete (1) joint consubstantiality together.Solid pile cutoff (5) is to adopt to become with the solid pile system of hollow pile body (1) homogeneity concrete; Because solid pile cutoff (5) does not have a core (12), stoped underground water to flow into outside the pile body by stake core (12).

The job practices feature.This concrete hollow pile adopts the A-precasting process to produce finished product in factory, adopts heavy the hitting of H-pressure pile spare technology to enter in the underground rock-soil layer in the building site, perhaps adopts J-to hammer heavy the hitting of a part technology into shape and enters in the underground rock-soil layer.

Embodiment 6.From Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 as can be known, present embodiment 6 is large bearing capacity concrete hollow piles that have the solid pile cutoff of separate component (5).

Product feature.Anti-softening section is solid pile cutoff (5).Solid pile cutoff (5) is a separate component, and this stake is saved by a joint solid pile cutoff (5) and other one or the number joint hollow pile body of concrete (1) connects and composes.

The job practices feature.This concrete hollow pile adopts A-precasting process, B-packaging technology, P-to connect technology.Produce semiproduct (segmentation, burst) in factory, heavy again hitting enters in the underground rock-soil layer after the building site assembles different stake part, parts to be integral.Its connected mode adopt welding, mechanical connection wherein one or more.

All the other features are with embodiment 5.

Embodiment 7.From Figure 10 and Figure 11 as can be known, present embodiment 7 is the large bearing capacity concrete hollow piles that separate component piling bar section (7) is arranged.

Product feature.Anti-softening section is piling bar section (7).This stake also includes hollow pile body (1), stake core (12).Piling bar section (7) is to be made by the i iron of thickness between the 4--20 millimeter.Piling bar section (7) is arranged on the lower end part of hollow pile body (1); The length of piling bar section (7) is no less than the length that pile body enters bearing stratum, and the optimum length of piling bar section (7) is between 1-4 rice; It is saved by a joint piling bar section (7) and other one or the number joint hollow pile body of concrete (1) connects and composes.

The job practices feature.This concrete hollow pile adopts A-precasting process, B-packaging technology, P-to connect technology.Produce semiproduct (segmentation, burst) in factory, after the building site assembles different stake part, parts to be integral, adopt heavy the hitting of H-pressure pile spare technology to enter in the underground rock-soil layer, perhaps adopt J-to hammer heavy the hitting of a part technology into shape and enter in the underground rock-soil layer.Its connected mode adopt welding, mechanical connection wherein one or more.Piling bar section (7) can enter darker, not softening bearing stratum (as than soft rock, than hard rock), has eliminated the softening bearing stratum genetic prerequisite of immersion humidification, guarantees that end resistance does not reduce.

Embodiment 8.From Figure 12 and Figure 13 as can be known, present embodiment 8 also is a large bearing capacity concrete hollow pile that the piling bar section (7) of separate component is arranged.

Product feature.It is characterized in that: piling bar section (7) is to be not less than 2 millimeters steel pipe by thickness to make, and the external diameter of steel pipe is less than the external diameter of concrete hollow pile.

All the other features are with embodiment 7.

Embodiment 9.From Figure 14 and Fig. 6 as can be known, present embodiment 9 is large bearing capacity concrete core socketed piles that have solid pile point (9).

Product feature.Its core pile body (3) of filling out also includes hollow pile body (1), packing (11).Hollow pile body (1) adopts thin-walled concrete or steel thin walled cylinder body (10) to form, and perhaps adopting outer wall is that concrete and inwall are that steel thin walled cylinder body (10) is combined to form.Packing (11) adopts concrete to form.Filling out core pile cutoff (6) is with saving consubstantiality with filling out core pile body (3).Solid pile point (9) adopts steel to form, and perhaps adopting outer wall is that steel and inside are that concrete is combined to form, and the diameter of solid pile point (9) is more than or equal to hollow pile body (1) diameter.

The job practices feature.This is adopted the A-precasting process to produce hollow pile body (1), solid pile point (9) in factory; Adopt B-packaging technology, P-to connect technology after the building site assembles hollow pile body (1), solid pile point (9) to be integral, adopt heavy the hitting of H-pressure pile spare technology to enter in the underground rock-soil layer, perhaps adopt J-to hammer heavy the hitting of a part technology into shape and enter in the underground rock-soil layer.Its connected mode adopt welding, mechanical connection wherein one or more.Its job practices Operation 1As follows:

Step 1 is carried out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-and is hammered into shape into a part technology, and use equipment is heavy to hit hollow pile body (1) or solid pile point (9) enters projected depth in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 2, carry out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-and hammer into shape into a part technology, use equipment continues the heavy solid pile point (9) that hits, solid pile point (9) with enter in the deep layer of rock after hollow pile body (1) separates, reach embedding rock projected depth, and form the stake hole, rock stratum that does not have space enclosing structure;

Step 3 is carried out Q-and is put into a part technology, in the building site tension muscle cage is put into stake hole, rock stratum;

Step 4 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in stake hole, rock stratum, in the hollow pile body (1).

Apparatus characteristic.Adopt inner hole deposition to hit equipment, it includes fuselage part, power section, control section, running gear, sinks to part, sink to part and include hammering stake device, it is characterized in that: its part that sinks to also includes following wherein one or more devices or mechanism, and hydraulic pressure piling device, hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19), hydraulic pressure rise hammer mechanism, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism, hollow hammer body mechanism (17);

Embodiment 10.As can be seen from Figure 15, present embodiment 10 is large bearing capacity concrete core socketed piles that have solid pile cutoff (5).

Product feature.Include solid pile cutoff (5), the diameter of solid pile cutoff (5) is less than stake core (12) diameter.

The job practices feature.Solid pile cutoff (5) A-precasting process produces in factory, and the operation 2 of its job practices is as follows:

Step 1, use equipment is heavy to hit hollow pile body (1), solid pile cutoff (5) enters projected depth in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 2, use equipment continue to sink to hit solid pile cutoff (5), and solid pile cutoff (5) enters in the deep layer of rock, reaches embedding rock projected depth;

Step 3 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in hollow pile body (1).

All the other features are with embodiment 9.

Embodiment 11.As can be seen from Figure 16, present embodiment 11 is large bearing capacity concrete core socketed piles that have solid pile cutoff (5).

Product feature.The diameter of solid pile cutoff (5) is more than or equal to hollow pile body (1) diameter.

All the other features are with embodiment 9 or this enforcement 10.

Embodiment 12.As can be seen from Figure 17, present embodiment 12 is large bearing capacity concrete core socketed piles that have short thin walled cylinder body (10).

Product feature.Its core pile body (3) of filling out also includes hollow pile body (1), packing (11), solid pile point (9), short thin walled cylinder body (10).Hollow pile body (1) adopts concrete or adopts outer wall is that concrete and inwall are the complexs that steel form, and short thin walled cylinder body (10), solid pile point (9) adopt steel to form, and link into an integrated entity.The interior diameter of short thin walled cylinder body (10), the external diameter of solid pile point (9) are greater than hollow pile body (1) external diameter.

The job practices feature.This is adopted the A-precasting process to produce hollow pile body (1), solid pile point (9), short thin walled cylinder body (10) in factory; Adopt P-to connect technology and short thin walled cylinder body (10), solid pile point (9) linked into an integrated entity in the building site, adopt the B-packaging technology short thin walled cylinder body (10), solid pile point (9) kink outside hollow pile body (1).After being assembled into one, adopting J-to hammer heavy the hitting of a part technology into shape and enter in the underground rock-soil layer.Its connected mode adopt welding, mechanical connection wherein one or more.Its job practices Operation 3As follows:

Step 1, use equipment is heavy to hit hollow pile body (1) or solid pile point (9) enters projected depth in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 2, use equipment continue the heavy solid pile point (9) that hits, and solid pile point (9) separates the back short thin walled cylinder body of pulling (10) and enters in the deep layer of rock with hollow pile body (1), reach embedding rock projected depth, and be formed with the stake hole, rock stratum of space enclosing structure;

Step 3 is carried out Q-and is put into a part technology, in the building site tension muscle cage is put into stake hole, rock stratum;

Step 4 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in short thin walled cylinder body (10), in the hollow pile body (1).

Embodiment 13.As can be seen from Figure 18, present embodiment 13 is large bearing capacity concrete core socketed piles that have short thin walled cylinder body (10).

Product feature.The external diameter of short thin walled cylinder body (10), the external diameter of solid pile point (9) are less than interior diameter, the stake core (12) of hollow pile body (1).

All the other features are with embodiment 12.

Embodiment 14.As can be seen from Figure 19, present embodiment 14 is the large bearing capacity concrete core socketed piles that thin walled cylinder body (10) is arranged.

Product feature.Its core pile body (3) of filling out also includes packing (11).Thin walled cylinder body (10) adopts steel to form, and links into an integrated entity.The thickness of thin walled cylinder body (10) is not less than 0.3 millimeter; The diameter/thickness ratio of thin walled cylinder body (10) is greater than 70; The length of thin walled cylinder body (10) more than or equal to or less than pile body; Thin walled cylinder body (10) adopts segmentation form, burst form; The segmentation thickness difference of thin walled cylinder body (10), below the section thicker, above the section thinner; The girth at thin walled cylinder body (10) two ends is inequality, and an end is big and the other end is little, can intussusception, overlapping; Segmentation, burst, intussusception, the reduplicative forms of thin walled cylinder body (10) is transportation for convenience and assembling; Thin walled cylinder body (10) also include inward flange ring (16) bottom, inward flange ring (16) is can sink and hit thin walled cylinder body (10) lower end for inner hole deposition hits equipment, spurs thin walled cylinder body (10) downwards and clamp-ons in the decomposed rock deep layer.

The job practices feature.This thin walled cylinder body (10) that adopts the A-precasting process to produce segmentation, burst in factory; Adopting B-packaging technology, P-to connect technology assembles the thin walled cylinder body of segmentation, burst (10), link into an integrated entity in the building site.Its connected mode adopt welding, mechanical connection wherein one or more.After thin walled cylinder body (10) is integral, adopts J-to hammer heavy the hitting of a part technology into shape and enter in the underground rock-soil layer.Its job practices Operation 4As follows:

Step 1 is arranged on the lower end of hammer body to hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), uses the heavy inward flange ring (16) that hits thin walled cylinder body (10) of hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) of equipment, makes thin walled cylinder body (10) enter projected depth in the underground soil layer;

Step 2, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to the upper end of hammer body, use equipment hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) sinks and hits the stake hole, rock stratum that the rock stratum forms does not have space enclosing structure, and the heavy process of hitting contacts with the inward flange ring (16) of thin walled cylinder body (10) until hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18);

Step 3 is set to hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) lower end of hammer body again, uses the heavy inward flange ring (16) that hits thin walled cylinder body (10) of equipment hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), spurs thin walled cylinder body (10) downwards and clamp-ons in the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 4, repeating step 2 and step 3, projected depth in clamp-oning the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 5 is carried out Q-and is put into a part technology, in the building site tension muscle cage is put into a hole;

Step 6 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in thin walled cylinder body (10).

Apparatus characteristic.Adopt inner hole deposition to hit equipment, it includes fuselage part, power section, control section, running gear, sinks to part, sink to part and include hammering stake device, it is characterized in that: its part that sinks to also includes following wherein one or more devices or mechanism, and hydraulic pressure piling device, hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19), hydraulic pressure rise hammer mechanism, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), hollow hammer body mechanism (17);

Hydraulic pressure rises hammer mechanism and is meant that the strength that adopts hydraulic system in the hammering stake device promotes hammer body; Hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19) is meant and adopts rigid bar to connect hammer body (rather than flexible rope) in the hammering stake device that rigid bar can make things convenient for and heavy length, the pile penetration of hitting the whereabouts of accurate recording hammer body; Hydraulic pressure rises hammer mechanism and hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19) can promote the large-tonnage hammer body safely, increases substantially the heavy energy that hits; The evagination body mechanism of hammer body facade is meant that the outer facade of hammer body has movable convex body mechanism, the evagination body mechanism is the mobile that can move up and down, can be locked in a certain height easily, be to be used for the inward flange ring (16) of driven pile spare lower end or the inward flange ring (16) or the hollow pile point (15) of pillar lower end; Hollow hammer body mechanism (17) is meant that hammer body inside is hollow, and the hollow hammer body of a plurality of different-diameters can be formed the different-diameter hammer body by intussusception, to satisfy the different stake footpath requirement of design.

Embodiment 15.As can be seen from Figure 20, present embodiment 15 is the large bearing capacity concrete core socketed piles that thin walled cylinder body (10) is arranged.

Product feature.Adopt hollow pile point (15) or solid pile point (9) to replace the inward flange ring (16) of thin walled cylinder body (10);

All the other features are with embodiment 14.

Embodiment 16.As can be seen from Figure 20, present embodiment 16 is the large bearing capacity concrete core socketed piles that thin walled cylinder body (10) is arranged.

The job practices feature.Carry out L-and hammer pillar technology (not drawing among the figure) into shape.In pillar or in the ground hole, use inner hole deposition to hit that the equipment hammer body is heavy to hit the pillar lower end, be formed with the stake hole of space enclosing structure, the effect of pillar is the stake hole that temporarily forms space enclosing structure, will pull out behind the perfusion concrete; The pillar lower end includes inward flange ring (16) or closure plate; Its job practices Operation 5As follows:

Step 1 is carried out L-and is hammered into shape into pillar technology, and hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is arranged on the lower end of hammer body, uses heavy inward flange ring (16) or the closure plate of hitting the pillar lower end of hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) to enter projected depth in the underground soil layer;

Step 2, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to the upper end of hammer body, use the heavy rock stratum of hitting of hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), formation does not have the stake hole, rock stratum of space enclosing structure, and the heavy process of hitting contacts with the inward flange ring (16) of thin walled cylinder body (10) until the hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) of hammer body;

Step 3 lower end that hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to hammer body, uses the heavy inward flange ring (16) or the closure plate of hitting the pillar lower end of outer convex body of hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), spurs pillar downwards and clamp-ons in the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 4, repeating step 2 and step 3, projected depth in clamp-oning the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 5 is carried out Q-and is put into a part technology, puts into thin walled cylinder body (10) and tension muscle in pillar, perhaps puts into hollow pile body (1) and tension muscle cage;

Step 6 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in thin walled cylinder body (10).

Step 7 is carried out M-and is extracted pillar technology, and use equipment is extracted pillar from underground rock-soil layer; Step 7 also can be carried out before step 6.

All the other features are with embodiment 14, embodiment 15.

Embodiment 17.As can be seen from Figure 20, present embodiment 17 is the large bearing capacity concrete core socketed piles that thin walled cylinder body (10) is arranged.

Its job practices Operation 6As follows: to hammer pillar technology (not drawing among the figure) into shape preceding carrying out L-, and thin walled cylinder body (10) or hollow pile body (1) are enclosed within the pillar outside, enters in the underground rock-soil layer with pillar then, and step 7 is carried out M-and extracted pillar technology and carry out before step 5.Extract the rock-soil layer stake hole that is formed with the space enclosing structure of thin walled cylinder body (10) or hollow pile body (1) behind the pillar.

All the other features are with embodiment 16.

Embodiment 18.As can be seen from Figure 21, present embodiment 18 is one the large bearing capacity concrete core socketed pile that has enlarged footing (14) and thin walled cylinder body (10).

Product feature.Fill out and include enlarged footing (14) under the core pile body (3); The projection horizontal area of enlarged footing (14) is greater than pile body, the anti-projection horizontal area that softens section, and the projection horizontal area of enlarged footing (14) is pile body, the projection horizontal area of preventing softening section 1-30 a times; Enlarged footing (14) include following material wherein one or more, packing (9), packing material; The enlarged footing (14) of filling out core pile cutoff (6) is except that possessing the percolation-proof function, and main function is the loaded area that has increased the stake end, has improved bearing capacity of pile tip greatly.Packing material include rubble, sand, brick, slag, slag, waste residue, building disintegrating slag, filler, concrete, these materials of mortar wherein one or more mixture or compound constitute.

The job practices feature.Sink in the underground rock-soil layer after the projected depth at stake part or parts or pillar; Carry out N-filler technology, do not put into packing material in having the ground hole of space enclosing structure, packing material forms enlarged footing (14) through heavy the hitting of equipment hammer body; Its job practices Operation 7As follows:

Step 8 is carried out N-filler technology, by hammer body suspension rod, hollow hammer body boring passage, pours into packing material in the ground hole;

Step 9 is carried out J-and is hammered into shape into a part technology, uses that hammering stake device is heavy to be hit packing material and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 10, repeating step 8 and step 9 are until forming enlarged footing (14);

All the other features are with embodiment 14 or embodiment 15 or embodiment 16 or embodiment 17.

Embodiment 19.As can be seen from Figure 22, present embodiment 19 is one has and has the large bearing capacity concrete core socketed pile that enlarged footing (14) and hollow pile body (1) are filled out core pile body (3).

Product feature.Fill out core pile body (3) and comprise hollow pile body (1), packing (9); Hollow pile body (1) adopts concrete to form, as prefabricated concrete hollow pile and pre-stress high-strength concrete hollow pile; Adopt hollow pile body (1) to replace thin walled cylinder body (10);

Its job practices Operation 8As follows: this adopts the A-precasting process to produce hollow pile body (1) in factory, adopts J-to hammer heavy the hitting of a part technology into shape and enters projected depth in the underground rock-soil layer;

All the other features are with embodiment 14 or embodiment 15 or embodiment 16 or embodiment 17 or embodiment 18.

Embodiment 20.Present embodiment 20 is the stakes of a large bearing capacity concrete.

Its job practices Operation 9As follows: this adopts S-to be pressed into pressure-bearing post technology, uses that hydraulic pressure piling device is heavy to be hit the pressure-bearing column device and enter in the underground rock-soil layer; Perhaps adopt T-to hammer into shape, use that hammering stake stake device is heavy to be hit the pressure-bearing column device and enter in the underground rock-soil layer into pressure-bearing post technology; Extract the rock-soil layer stake hole that is formed with the space enclosing structure of thin walled cylinder body (10) or hollow pile body (1) behind the pressure-bearing column device.

All the other features are with embodiment 9 or embodiment 10 or embodiment 11 or embodiment 12 or embodiment 13, embodiment 14 or embodiment 15 or embodiment 16 or embodiment 17 or embodiment 18 or embodiment 19.

Embodiment 21.As can be seen from Figure 23, present embodiment 21 is one and has the stake of the hollow pile body of in-site pouring concrete (1) large bearing capacity concrete.

Product feature.Hollow pile body (1) comprises inner core (8), and the effect of inner core (8) is the hollow pile body of concrete (1) that forms in-site pouring, and inner core (8) has reduced the use amount of pile body concrete material.Adopt the hollow pile body of in-site pouring concrete (1) to replace prefabricated hollow pile body (1).

Its job practices Operation 10As follows: as to carry out Q-and put into a part technology, when in pillar, putting into thin walled cylinder body (10) or tension muscle or precast hollow pile body (1), also put into inner core (8); Carry out the G-instillation process,, form the hollow pile body of concrete (1) of in-site pouring at the full concrete of inner core (8) outside perfusion; The concrete hollow pile of this large diameter in-site pouring will be better than expanded bore pile greatly on performance, technology, economic indicator.

All the other features are with embodiment 9 or embodiment 10 or embodiment 11 or embodiment 12 or embodiment 13, embodiment 14 or embodiment 15 or embodiment 16 or embodiment 17 or embodiment 18 or embodiment 19 or embodiment 20.

Embodiment 22.As can be seen from Figure 19, present embodiment 22 is that a kind of inner hole deposition hits equipment.It includes fuselage part, power section, control section, running gear, sinks to part, it is characterized in that: its part that sinks to includes following wherein one or more devices or mechanism, hydraulic pressure piling device, hammering stake device, pressure-bearing column device.The pressure of hydraulic pressure piling device is between million Ns of 0.2-20, and the hammering energy of hammering stake device is between million Ns of rice of 0.2-200.

Running gear is to adopt stride device or crawler attachment or drum apparatus;

Sinking to part also includes extruding-spreading device or bores the pick device;

Hydraulic pressure piling device includes following wherein one or more facility, roof pressure facility, armful press tool;

Hammering stake device includes following wherein one or more facility, diesel hammer facility, post hammer facility, hydraulic pressure vibration hammer facility, electronic vibration hammer facility;

Post hammering facility include following wherein one or more mechanisms, and hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19), hydraulic pressure rise hammer mechanism, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), hammer body mechanism (17); Hammer body mechanism (17) include following wherein one or more, hollow hammer body mechanism, solid hammer body mechanism; Post hammer facility are to adopt rhabdion or pile body as hammer body; Hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19) include following wherein one or more, hollow suspension rod, solid suspension rod; The diameter of the hammer body of hammering stake device is between 0.2-5 rice, and length is between 1-30 rice, and weight is between the 1-300 ton; Hollow hammer body, hollow suspension rod, the effect of hollow pressure-bearing post be allow ground packing material by its hollow enters at the bottom of; Hammer body evagination body mechanism (18) is meant that the outer facade of hammer body has movable convex body mechanism, and outer convex body is the mobile that can move up and down;

The pressure-bearing column device adopts hollow cylinder, and length is not less than 6 meters; Pressure-bearing post mechanism adopts steel pipe or steel pipe concrete material to make;

Bore the pick device include following mechanism wherein one or more, drill bit mechanism, drilling rod mechanism; Drill bit mechanism include following wherein one or more, cut drill, augers, revolve enlarging aiguille, revolve and dig drill bit.

Claims (10)

1. a large bearing capacity pile includes following wherein one or more parts, pile body, stake point, tension muscle; It is characterized in that: also include following wherein one or both parts: anti-softening section, thin walled cylinder body (10).

2. the job practices of a pile foundation, it is characterized in that: it includes following wherein one or more measures, and stake is provided with the measure of anti-softening section, stake and is provided with that thin walled cylinder body (10) measure, use equipment are heavy hits that a part lower end measure, use equipment are heavy hits that the measure of pillar lower end, use equipment are heavy hits the measure of pressure-bearing post.

3. an inner hole deposition hits equipment, it includes fuselage part, power section, control section, running gear, sinks to part, it is characterized in that: its part that sinks to includes following wherein one or more devices or mechanism, hammering stake device, hydraulic pressure piling device, pressure-bearing column device; Hammering stake device includes following wherein one or more facility, diesel hammer facility, post hammering facility, hydraulic pressure vibration hammer facility, electronic vibration hammer facility; Post hammering facility include following wherein one or more mechanisms, and hammer body mechanism (17), hydraulic pressure rise hammer mechanism, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19); Hammer body mechanism (17) include following wherein one or more, hollow hammer body mechanism, solid hammer body mechanism; The diameter of hammering stake device is greater than 0.2 meter.

4. a kind of large bearing capacity pile according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Pile body includes following wherein one or more parts, hollow pile body (1), solid pile body (2), fills out core pile body (3), inner core (8); The pile body diameter is greater than 0.2 meter; The thickness/diameter ratio of hollow pile body (1) is greater than 1/6; Fill out core pile body (3) and include hollow pile body (1) and packing (11);

The stake point is connected with anti-softening section; The stake point includes following wherein one or more parts, solid pile point (9), hollow pile point (15); The internal diameter of hollow pile point (15) is less than the diameter of stake core (12), perhaps less than the diameter of thin walled cylinder body (10); The internal diameter of hollow pile point (15) is greater than the hammer body diameter of hammering stake device;

Anti-softening section includes following wherein one or more parts, hollow pile cutoff (4), solid pile cutoff (5), fills out core pile cutoff (6), piling bar section (7); Anti-softening section is arranged on the lower end part of hollow pile at least; Its length is no less than that pile body enters the length of bearing stratum or less than the length of pile body or equal the length of pile body, the length of anti-softening section is no less than 0.3 meter; Anti-softening section and pile body joint consubstantiality together, or (being the merogenesis allosome promptly) of independent body with pile body, separately the anti-softening section of body and an other joint or number joint pile body have connected and composed the stake that anti-softening section is arranged, and adopt welding, glued joint, machinery one or more connected modes anti-soften section of connecting pile body and body separately wherein; Anti-softening section adopts with the pile body homogeneous material to be made; The diameter of anti-softening section more than or equal to or less than the diameter of pile body, the diameter of anti-softening section is greater than 0.2 meter;

Wherein: the thickness/diameter of hollow pile cutoff (4) is than between 1/6-1/20; Hollow pile cutoff (4) includes sealant (13), and sealant (13) is arranged on inwall, outer wall, termination face one of them or several position of hollow pile cutoff (4), and the thickness of sealant (13) is between the 0.4-80 millimeter, and permeability resistance is between 0.05-0.6Mpa; The diameter of solid pile cutoff (5) more than or equal to or less than the diameter of stake core (12); Fill out core pile cutoff (6) and include hollow pile cutoff (4) and packing (11); Piling bar section (7) is to be made by shaped steel or uncovered steel pipe, and its thickness is not less than 2 millimeters, and its length is between 0.3-10 rice; There is cavity stake core (12) inside of hollow pile body (1) or hollow pile cutoff (4); Fill out core pile body (3) by hollow pile body (1) with in cavity stake core (12), compound the making of packing (11) with water resistance; Fill out core pile cutoff (6) by hollow pile cutoff (4) with in cavity stake core (12), compound the making of packing (11) with water resistance;

Thin walled cylinder body (10) is with pile body or stake point (9) or prevent that softening section is connected; Thin walled cylinder body (10) diameter is greater than 0.2 meter; Thin walled cylinder body (10) diameter more than or equal to or less than the diameter of pile body or anti-softening section, perhaps thin walled cylinder body (10) diameter is less than the diameter of stake core (12); The thickness of thin walled cylinder body (10) is not less than 0.3 millimeter; The diameter/thickness ratio of thin walled cylinder body (10) is greater than 70; The length of thin walled cylinder body (10) more than or equal to or less than pile body; The length of thin walled cylinder body (10) more than or equal to or less than anti-softening section; Thin walled cylinder body (10) adopts segmentation form or burst form; The girth at thin walled cylinder body (10) two ends is inequality, and an end is big and the other end is little, can intussusception, overlapping; Thin walled cylinder body (10) also include inward flange ring (16) or closure plate bottom;

Pile body or anti-softening section also include enlarged footing (14), and enlarged footing (14) is arranged on the lower end part of pile body or anti-softening section; Enlarged footing (14) can also be arranged on the lower end part of the packing (9) of filling out core pile cutoff (6); The projection horizontal area of enlarged footing (14) is greater than pile body, the anti-projection horizontal area that softens section, and the projection horizontal area of enlarged footing (14) is pile body, the projection horizontal area of preventing softening section 1-30 a times; Enlarged footing (14) include following material wherein one or more, packing (9), packing material;

Inner core (8) diameter is greater than 0.2 meter, and thickness is not less than 0.3 millimeter, and diameter/thickness is than greater than 50, length more than or equal to or less than pile body.

5. a kind of large bearing capacity pile according to claim 4 is characterized in that:

The optimum length of anti-softening section is between 1-6 rice; The diameter of anti-softening section more than or equal to or less than the diameter of stake core (12); The inwall of hollow pile body (1) or hollow pile cutoff (4) has metallic seal layer (13) or thin walled cylinder body (10) is arranged;

The shaped steel of piling bar section (7) or the thickness of uncovered steel pipe are between the 2-20 millimeter; Shaped steel is to adopt wherein one or more composition of i iron, channel-section steel, these materials of angle steel;

The optimum thickness of sealant (13) is between the 1-10 millimeter, and permeability resistance is between 0.05-0.6Mpa, and best permeability resistance is between 0.1-0.3Mpa;

The optimum thickness of thin walled cylinder body (10) is between the 0.5-50 millimeter; The optimum diameter of thin walled cylinder body (10)/thickness ratio is greater than 90; When thin walled cylinder body (10) adopted the segmentation form, its thickness of every section had nothing in common with each other, and the thickness of hypomere is greater than the thickness of epimere; The concrete layer is arranged outside the thin walled cylinder body (10);

The lower end of hollow pile body (1) or hollow pile cutoff (4) or stake core (12) also includes inward flange ring (16) or closure plate;

There is packing material the inside of inner core (8);

The diameter of pile body, anti-softening section, thin walled cylinder body (10) is greater than 0.5 meter.

6. the job practices of a kind of large bearing capacity pile foundation according to claim 2 is characterized in that:

The measure that forms stake, pile foundation in the job practices includes following wherein one or more technologies:

The A-precasting process is to produce finished product in factory, directly uses in the building site;

The B-packaging technology is to produce semiproduct (segmentation, burst) in factory, re-uses behind building site assembling finished product;

The C-instillation process is at building site perfusion packing (11) or concrete;

The D-coated technique is at building site coating sealant (13);

H-pressure pile spare technology uses that hydraulic pressure piling device is heavy to be hit a part and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

J-hammers into shape into a part technology, uses that hammering stake device is heavy to be hit a part and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

K-is pressed into pillar technology, uses that hydraulic pressure piling device is heavy to be hit pillar and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

L-hammers into shape into pillar technology, uses that hammering stake device is heavy to be hit pillar and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

M-extracts pillar or pressure-bearing post technology, and use equipment is extracted pillar or pressure-bearing post from underground rock-soil layer;

N-filler technology is put into packing material in the stake hole, form enlarged footing (14);

P-connects technology, and different stake part, parts are linked into an integrated entity;

Q-puts into a part technology, puts into a part or put into parts in pillar;

R-forms ground hole technology, and use equipment forms in underground rock-soil layer does not have the ground stake of space enclosing structure hole;

S-is pressed into pressure-bearing post technology, uses that hydraulic pressure piling device is heavy to be hit the pressure-bearing column device and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

T-hammers into shape into pressure-bearing post technology, uses that hammering stake stake device is heavy to be hit the pressure-bearing column device and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

The feature of the anti-softening section that stake is provided with is identical with the feature of claim 1 or 4 or 5 described a kind of large bearing capacity piles anti-softening section wherein; The measure of anti-softening section is set includes following wherein one or more technologies: precasting process, packaging technology, instillation process, coated technique; Wherein adopt precasting process can form hollow pile cutoff (4), solid pile cutoff (5), fill out core pile cutoff (6), piling bar section (7), adopt instillation process can form hollow pile cutoff (4), solid pile cutoff (5), fill out core pile cutoff (6); Adopt coated technique can be formed with the hollow pile cutoff (4) of sealant (13);

The feature of the thin walled cylinder body (10) that stake is provided with is identical with the feature of claim 1 or 4 or 5 described a kind of large bearing capacity piles thin walled cylinder body (10) wherein; Thin walled cylinder body (10) measure is set includes following wherein one or more technologies: precasting process, packaging technology;

The equipment that job practices is used is that inner hole deposition hits equipment, uses inner hole deposition to hit that equipment is heavy to hit a part lower end measure or the measure of pillar lower end includes following wherein one or more technologies:

Use equipment is heavy to be hit a part lower end measure and is: by in the stake hole or in the stake part or in the ground hole, use inner hole deposition hit equipment heavy hit following stake part wherein one or more, the lower end of anti-softening section, an anti-softening section lower end, stake point (9), thin walled cylinder body (10) lower end, stake core (12) lower end, pile body forms stake or forms the part stake or be formed with the stake hole of space enclosing structure; Stake part lower end includes inward flange ring (16) or closure plate;

Use equipment is heavy to be hit the measure of pillar lower end and is: by in the pillar or in the ground hole, use inner hole deposition to hit the heavy pillar lower end of hitting of equipment, be formed with the stake hole of space enclosing structure, the effect of pillar is the stake hole that temporarily forms space enclosing structure, will pull out behind pore-forming or pile or perfusion concrete; The pillar lower end includes inward flange ring (16) or closure plate;

The diameter in stake, stake hole is greater than 0.5 meter;

Inner hole deposition hits equipment and includes following wherein one or more machineries, hydraulic pressure piling device, hammering stake device, pressure-bearing column device; Hydraulic pressure piling device includes following wherein one or more facility or mechanism, roof pressure facility, armful press tool; Hammering stake device includes following wherein one or more facility, diesel oil hammering facility, post hammering facility, vibration hammering facility; The pressure of hydraulic pressure piling device is between million Ns of 0.2-20, and the hammering energy of hammering stake device is between million Ns of rice of 0.2-200; Post hammering facility include following wherein one or more mechanisms, and hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19), hydraulic pressure rise hammer mechanism, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), hammer body mechanism (17); Hammer body mechanism (17) include following wherein one or more, hollow hammer body mechanism, solid hammer body mechanism; Hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19) include following wherein one or more, hollow suspension rod, solid suspension rod; The diameter of the hammer body of hammering stake device is greater than 0.5 meter, and length is greater than 1 meter, and weight is between the 1-500 ton; The pressure-bearing column device adopt cylinder, pressure-bearing column device include following wherein one or more, hollow pressure-bearing post, solid pressure-bearing post; Length is not less than 6 meters; Pressure-bearing post mechanism adopts steel pipe or steel pipe concrete material to make; At the bottom of ground packing material enters by hollow hammer body, hollow suspension rod, hollow pressure-bearing post hollow.

7. the job practices of a kind of pile foundation according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the clustered operation of its job practices technology include following wherein one or more:

Operation 1:

Step 1, carry out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, use equipment is heavy to hit hollow pile body (1) or solid pile point (9) enters projected depth in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 2, carry out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, use equipment continues the heavy solid pile point (9) that hits, solid pile point (9) with enter in the deep layer of rock after hollow pile body (1) separates, reach embedding rock projected depth, and form the stake hole, rock stratum that does not have space enclosing structure;

Step 3, carry out Q-and put into a part technology, the tension muscle is put into stake hole, rock stratum in the building site;

Step 4, carry out the G-instillation process, the full concrete of perfusion in stake hole, rock stratum, in the hollow pile body (1) forms and fills out core pile body (3);

Operation 2:

Step 1 is carried out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-and is hammered into shape into a part technology, and use equipment is heavy to hit hollow pile body (1), solid pile cutoff (5) enters projected depth in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 2 is carried out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-and is hammered into shape into a part technology, and use equipment continues to sink to hit solid pile cutoff (5), and solid pile cutoff (5) enters in the deep layer of rock, reaches embedding rock projected depth;

Step 3 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in hollow pile body (1);

All the other features are with operation 1;

Operation 3:

Step 1 is carried out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-and is hammered into shape into a part technology, and use equipment is heavy to hit hollow pile body (1), solid pile point (9) enters projected depth in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 2, carrying out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, use equipment continues the heavy solid pile point (9) that hits, solid pile point (9) separates the back short thin walled cylinder body of pulling (10) and enters in the deep layer of rock with hollow pile body (1), reach embedding rock projected depth, and be formed with the stake hole, rock stratum of space enclosing structure;

Step 3 is carried out Q-and is put into a part technology, in the building site tension muscle cage is put into stake hole, rock stratum;

Step 4 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in short thin walled cylinder body (10), in the hollow pile body (1);

Operation 4:

Step 1, carrying out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is arranged on the lower end of hammer body, the heavy inward flange ring (16) that hits thin walled cylinder body (10) of the hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) of use equipment makes thin walled cylinder body (10) enter projected depth in the underground soil layer;

Step 2, carrying out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to the upper end of hammer body, use equipment hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) sinks and hits the stake hole, rock stratum that the rock stratum forms does not have space enclosing structure, and the heavy process of hitting contacts with the inward flange ring (16) of thin walled cylinder body (10) until hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18);

Step 3, carrying out H-pressure pile spare technology or J-hammers into shape into a part technology, again hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to the lower end of hammer body, the heavy inward flange ring (16) that hits thin walled cylinder body (10) of the hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) of use equipment hammer body spurs thin walled cylinder body (10) downwards and clamp-ons in the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 4, repeating step 2 and step 3, projected depth in clamp-oning the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 5 is carried out Q-and is put into a part technology, in the building site tension muscle is put into a hole;

Step 6 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in thin walled cylinder body (10);

Operation 5:

Step 1 is carried out L-and is hammered into shape into pillar technology, and hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is arranged on the lower end of hammer body, uses heavy inward flange ring (16) or the closure plate of hitting the pillar lower end of hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) to enter projected depth in the underground soil layer;

Step 2, carrying out L-hammers into shape into pillar technology, hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to the upper end of hammer body, use the heavy rock stratum of hitting of hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), formation does not have the stake hole, rock stratum of space enclosing structure, and the heavy process of hitting contacts with the inward flange ring (16) of thin walled cylinder body (10) until hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18);

Step 3, carrying out L-hammers into shape into pillar technology, the lower end that hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18) is set to hammer body, use heavy inward flange ring (16) or the closure plate of hitting the pillar lower end of hammer body facade evagination body mechanism (18), spur pillar downwards and clamp-on in the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 4, repeating step 2 and step 3, projected depth in clamp-oning the decomposed rock deep layer;

Step 5 is carried out Q-and is put into a part technology, puts into thin walled cylinder body (10) and tension muscle in pillar, perhaps puts into hollow pile body (1) and tension muscle;

Step 6 is carried out the G-instillation process, and the full concrete of perfusion forms and fills out core pile body (3) in thin walled cylinder body (10).

Step 7 is carried out M-and is extracted pillar technology, and use equipment is extracted pillar from underground rock-soil layer; Step 7 also can be carried out before step 6;

All the other features together Operation 4

Operation 6:

Carrying out thin walled cylinder body (10) or hollow pile body (1) being enclosed within the pillar outside before L-hammers pillar technology into shape, enter in the underground rock-soil layer with pillar then, step 7 is carried out M-and is extracted pillar technology and carry out before step 5.Extract the rock-soil layer stake hole that is formed with the space enclosing structure of thin walled cylinder body (10) or hollow pile body (1) behind the pillar; All the other features together Operation 5

Operation 7:

Step 8 is carried out N-filler technology, by hollow suspension rod, the in-house hollow passageway of hollow hammer body, pours into packing material in the ground hole;

Step 9 is carried out J-and is hammered into shape into a part technology, uses that hammering stake device is heavy to be hit packing material and enter in the underground rock-soil layer;

Step 10, repeating step 8 and step 9 are until forming enlarged footing (14);

All the other features together Operation 4, or Operation 5, or Operation 6

Operation 8:

Adopt the hollow pile body of concrete (1) to replace thin walled cylinder body (10); All the other features together Operation 4, or Operation 5, or Operation 6, or Operation 7

Operation 9:

This is adopted S-to be pressed into pressure-bearing post technology, uses that hydraulic pressure piling device is heavy to be hit the pressure-bearing column device and enter in the underground rock-soil layer; Perhaps adopt T-to hammer into shape, use that hammering stake stake device is heavy to be hit the pressure-bearing column device and enter in the underground rock-soil layer into pressure-bearing post technology; Extract the rock-soil layer stake hole that is formed with the space enclosing structure of thin walled cylinder body (10) or hollow pile body (1) behind the pressure-bearing column device; All the other features together Operation 1, or Operation 2, or Operation 3, or Operation 4, or Operation 5, or Operation 6, or Operation 7, or Operation 8;

Operation 10:

This hollow pile body (1) comprises inner core (8), and the effect of inner core (8) is the hollow pile body of concrete (1) that forms in-site pouring, and inner core (8) has reduced the use amount of pile body concrete material.Adopt the hollow pile body of concrete (1) of in-site pouring to replace prefabricated hollow pile body (1);

Its job practices Operation 10As follows: as to carry out Q-and put into a part technology, when in pillar, putting into thin walled cylinder body (10) or tension muscle or precast hollow pile body (1), also put into inner core (8); Carry out the G-instillation process,, form the hollow pile body of concrete (1) of in-site pouring at the full concrete of inner core (8) outside perfusion; All the other features together Operation 1, or Operation 2, or Operation 3, or Operation 4, or Operation 5, or The worker Preface 6, or Operation 7, or Operation 8,Or Operation 9

8. according to claim 1 or 4 or 5 described a kind of large bearing capacity piles with according to the job practices of claim 2 or 6 or 7 described a kind of pile foundations, it is characterized in that:

Pile body, stake point, tension muscle, anti-softening section, inner core (8), thin walled cylinder body (10), pillar adopt following wherein one or more materials to make: concrete, tension muscle concrete, steel pipe concrete, ladle concrete, steel, shaped steel, steel pipe, fibrous material, fiber concrete; Fibrous material in fibrous material, the fiber concrete is wherein a kind of or wherein several of following fibrous material: metallic fiber, organic synthetic fibers, inorfil, FRP fiber;

Sealant (13), packing (11) include waterproofing materials; Waterproofing materials include rigidity water-proofing material, flexible waterproof material wherein one or both; Sealant (13) is coating state or coiled material state, applies, sticks on inwall, facial position, termination; Packing (11) includes wherein a kind of of waterproofing materials, these materials of packing material or two kinds;

Rigidity water-proofing material is that metal sheet or the liquid thing that easily solidifies are made; The liquid thing that easily solidifies is to contain wherein one or more mixture or compound of cement, water glass, lime, these materials of intumescent material; The liquid thing that easily solidifies is concrete or mortar; The compressive property of the liquid thing that easily solidifies is not less than 10Mpa, and wherein the content of cement, water glass, lime is not less than 100 kilograms/cubic metre, and the content of intumescent material is not less than 0.1% of cement, water glass, lime weight; Metal sheet is to contain wherein one or more mixture or compound of steel, aluminium, these materials of copper;

Flexible waterproof material be by contain pitch, plastics, resin, rubber, these viscoelastic materials of ointment wherein one or more mixture or compound constitute; Flexible seal layer (13) is one deck flexible waterproof coating layer or flexible waterproof sheet layer; Flexible waterproof coating or flexible waterproof sheet include organic viscoelastic materials such as asphaltic base, rubber-based, can effectively avoid being shattered by near the construction of impact pile driving machine and open;

Packing material be lime, sand, stone, flyash, slag, slag, waste residue, building waste, building materials, these materials of ground wherein one or more.

9. the job practices of a kind of large bearing capacity pile according to claim 8 and a kind of pile foundation is characterized in that:

Pile body, anti-softening section employing concrete or tension muscle concrete or steel pipe concrete or shaped steel are made; Hollow pile cutoff (4), solid pile cutoff (5), fill out core pile cutoff (6) and adopt concrete or tension muscle concrete or steel pipe concrete or shaped steel to make; Piling bar section (7) is to be made by shaped steel or uncovered steel pipe; Stake point (9) employing steel or concrete or tension muscle concrete or ladle concrete or shaped steel are made; Thin walled cylinder body (10) adopts steel pipe to make;

The shape of shaped steel is wherein a kind of or wherein several of plate, muscle, rod, rope, pipe, H type, L type, these materials of C type;

Organic synthesis material or organic synthetic fibers are that polyethylene, propylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene are fine, nylon, aramid fiber, polyamide, basic polyimides, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyolefin, polyurethane, wherein a kind of or wherein several of fine rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, neoprene, these materials of butyl rubber or fiber;

Inorganic fibers or FRP fiber (fiber reinforced plastic composite material) are that glass fiber, carbon fiber, boron fibre, ceramic fibre, silicon carbide fibre, alumina fibre are wherein a kind of or wherein several of these kinds fiber;

The liquid thing that easily solidifies preferably contains concrete or mortar or the microdilatancy concrete or the microdilatancy mortar of cement, intumescent material; Its compressive property is not less than 15Mpa, and wherein the content of cement is not less than 200 kilograms/cubic metre; The content of intumescent material be not less than cement weight 0.1%.

10. a kind of inner hole deposition according to claim 2 hits equipment, it is characterized in that:

Running gear is to adopt stride device or crawler attachment or drum apparatus;

Sinking to part also includes extruding-spreading device or bores the pick device;

The pressure-bearing column device adopts cylinder; The pressure-bearing column device include following wherein one or more, hollow pressure-bearing post, solid pressure-bearing post; Length is not less than 6 meters; Pressure-bearing post mechanism adopts steel pipe or steel pipe concrete material to make; Because the concrete pile body is broken easily when heavy hitting, employing pressure-bearing column device replacement concrete pile body bears the pressure of hammering stake device hitting power or hydraulic pressure piling device, realizes sinking to the deep layer purpose of rock indirectly; Other titles of pressure-bearing post are beaten device and Pile feeder replacing;

Hydraulic pressure piling device includes following wherein one or more facility, roof pressure facility, armful press tool;

The diameter of hammering stake device is greater than 0.2 meter; The diameter of post hammering facility is greater than 0.2 meter; The diameter of hammer body mechanism (17) is greater than 0.2 meter; The diameter of solid hammer body mechanism is greater than 0.5 meter; Post hammer facility are to adopt rhabdion or pile body as hammer body; Hammer body suspension rod mechanism (19) include following wherein one or more, hollow suspension rod, solid suspension rod; The length of the hammer body of hammering stake device is between 1-30 rice, and weight is between the 1-500 ton; At the bottom of ground packing material enters by hollow hammer body, hollow suspension rod, hollow pressure-bearing post hollow;

Bore the pick device include following mechanism wherein one or more, drill bit mechanism, drilling rod mechanism; Drill bit mechanism include following wherein one or more, cut drill, augers, revolve enlarging aiguille, revolve and dig drill bit.

Extruding-spreading device includes squeezed bag or extruding and expanding machine or squeezed bag and extruding and expanding machine; Extruding and expanding machine is wherein a kind of of following 3 kinds of forms or wherein several; A, only bow pressing arm arranged, use hydraulic jack (20) extruding of pile sinking machine, i.e. the single arm type extruding and expanding machine; B, be to include bow pressing arm, hydraulic jack 5, i.e. arm pressure type extruding and expanding machine; C, be to include hydraulic jack 16, rotating mechanism, i.e. top pressing type extruding and expanding machine; D, be to include bow pressing arm, hydraulic jack (20), rotating mechanism, i.e. the arm pressure combined extruding and expanding machine that bears down on one.

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