CN101178345A - Twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test method and device thereof - Google Patents
Twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101178345A CN101178345A CNA2007100506969A CN200710050696A CN101178345A CN 101178345 A CN101178345 A CN 101178345A CN A2007100506969 A CNA2007100506969 A CN A2007100506969A CN 200710050696 A CN200710050696 A CN 200710050696A CN 101178345 A CN101178345 A CN 101178345A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a torsional fretting friction wear test method, the method is that: an upper testing part is clamped in an upper clamp, a lower clamp is fixed with a high-precision low-speed rotation table by a thread, a vertical central line of a holding cavity of the lower clamp is aligned with a rotating shaft of the high-precision low-speed rotation table, a spherical lower testing part is clamped by the lower clamp; the upper clamp is controlled for up and down movements by a data collection control system, the upper and lower testing parts are contacted and are exerted by a set load, at the same time, the lower clamp and the lower testing part clamped by the lower clamp are controlled by the data collection control system to carry out a plurality of times of reciprocating rotations by a set rotation speed and a rotation angle; at the same time, the friction torque is measured by a six-dimension force/torque sensor which is connected with the upper clamp and is sent to the data collection control system, and a torque-angular displacement curve under the set rotation speed and the load conditions can be obtained by analysis. The method can conveniently allow the materials to generate the small angle torsional fretting friction wear, the degree of the automation is high, the precision of the control and the test is high and the reproducibility of the test data is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the friction techniques research field, especially belong to a kind of fine motion friction test method and test unit thereof.
Background technology
Fine motion (Fretting) is meant under alternate load effects such as mechanical vibration, fatigue load, electric and magnetic oscillation or thermal cycle, the relative motion that the amplitude that takes place between surface in contact is minimum, nominally these surface in contacts are static usually, i.e. fine motion occurs in the mechanical part of " fastening " cooperation.The fine motion tribology is a subject branch of research fine motion operation mechanism, damage, test, monitoring, prevention, and it is a growing emerging cross discipline, and the subject that relates to is extensive, as mechanics, materialogy, even biomedicine, electrotechnics etc.Fine motion is the very little friction mode of a kind of relative motion amplitude, its material damage that causes is usually expressed as two kinds of forms, that is: the wearing and tearing that cause of (1) fine motion: fine motion can cause the surface abrasion between surface of contact, produce material unaccounted-for (MUF) and scantling and change, cause member interlock, loosening, power loss, noise increases or form pollution source.(2) fatigue that causes of fine motion: fine motion can be quickened the germinating and the expansion of crackle, and reduced the fatigue lifetime of member greatly, the fretting fatigue limit even can be lower than 1/3 of common fatigue limit.Often this damage type danger is bigger, causes some catastrophic accidents.
Under ball-plane contact condition, fine motion can be divided into tangentially, radially, four kinds of basic jog mode such as rolling, twisting.Tangential fine motion is grinding secondary under the effect of normal load with fine motion radially, on surface of contact, do little displacement rectilinear motion, difference is: the normal load direction of tangential fine motion is vertical with its direction of motion, and radially fine motion normal load direction is consistent with direction of motion.Rolling fine motion and twisting or micro-moving are grinding pair under the effect of normal load, do low-angle rotatablely moving on surface of contact, and difference is: the turning axle of rolling fine motion is parallel with contact plane, as the friction on wheel and ground; The turning axle of twisting or micro-moving is vertical with surface of contact, as the friction of hip joint and the generation of hip joint dish.
Twisting or micro-moving is that the relative motion of twisting a little takes place between Contact Pair under alternate load.The twisting or micro-moving phenomenon is present in mechanized equipment and the apparatus in a large number, for example in the steering procedure in the steering ball joint of vehicle front steering mechanism, the friction of cartridge when locomotive is turned that be connected with car body of rolling stock bogie, the fine motion that takes place in the valve shaft of the heart valve prosthesis in the human body implantation instrument and the friction of axle bed, hip joint and the knee joint pestle mortar shape contact region etc.Twisting or micro-moving rubs and has brought bigger loss and trouble to producing, living.Because its manual control is reproduced or the simulation difficulty, the correlative study work of twisting or micro-moving is carried out less all the time.The new method and the device thereof of research and development twisting or micro-moving test to reducing the twisting fretting wear problem that occurs in the engineering, improve machinery and bionic relevant design, improve the performance of equipment and apparatus and life-span, energy savings etc. and have crucial meaning.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test method, this test method can make material generation low-angle twisting or micro-moving frictional wear easily, and its automaticity height, control and the precision height of testing, the favorable reproducibility of test figure.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test method, and its practice is:
A, will go up test specimen and be clamped in and go up on the anchor clamps, again lower clamp and the high-precision platform that slowly runs be fixed by screw thread, and the vertical center line in the clamping chamber of lower clamp and the high-precision platform turning axle centering that slowly runs, the following test specimen of usefulness lower clamp clamping sphere;
B, moving up and down by the data acquisition control system last anchor clamps of control, make upper and lower test specimen contact and apply the load p of setting, control by data acquisition control system simultaneously makes the reciprocal rotation of the following test specimen of lower clamp and clamping thereof with rotational speed omega, rotational angle theta and the reciprocal time N of setting, realizes the twisting or micro-moving friction between upper and lower test specimen;
C, in the friction of upper and lower test specimen generation twisting or micro-moving, measure friction torque by the sextuple power/torque sensor that links to each other with last anchor clamps, and deliver to data acquisition control system, the data acquisition control system analysis draws moment of torsion-angular displacement curve of setting under rotating speed and the load-up condition, to characterize the dynamics of twisting or micro-moving friction.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, because the vertical center line and the high-precision platform turning axle centering that slowly runs in the clamping chamber of lower clamp, the high-precision platform rotation that slowly runs the time can guarantee that vertical center line and its turning axle of spherical test specimen of lower clamp clamping is overlapping, the vertical summit of spherical test specimen does not change at horizontal level when making rotation, pin in the time of diaxon promptly can not take place yet not overlapping-mill decreases phenomenon, thereby twisting or micro-moving is achieved.Two, by the control of data acquisition control system, can accurately realize the adjustment of chucking position and load setting load, can realize accurately that also lower clamp and following test specimen thereof back and forth rotate by given rotating speed, corner.Thereby accurately realize the twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test under the given parameter condition.Friction torque when three, measuring twisting or micro-moving by the sextuple power/torque sensor that links to each other with last anchor clamps, and send data acquisition processing system to handle, draw the moment of torsion-angular displacement curve under imposing a condition, can accurately characterize the dynamics of twisting or micro-moving; And the material after the test can be carried out other relevant abrasion analysis.
In a word, this test method can easily make material that accurate low-angle twisting or micro-moving frictional wear takes place, test is directly controlled given corresponding test parameter by data acquisition control system, and analyze automatically and handle with it, the automaticity height, control and the precision height of testing, the favorable reproducibility of test figure.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of test unit of implementing above-mentioned twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test method, this apparatus structure is simple, can realize this test method easily, can carry out the test of the material of different operating modes and specification, can accurately control test parameters.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme that this goal of the invention adopts is: a kind of test unit of twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test method, comprise upper and lower anchor clamps, and to install, the support of lower clamp, its design feature is:
The concrete structure that described lower clamp is installed on the support is: lower clamp is the anchor clamps of the spherical test specimen of clamping, and lower clamp and the high-precision platform that slowly runs are fixed by screw thread, and the vertical center line in the clamping chamber of lower clamp and the high-precision platform turning axle centering that slowly runs; The high-precision platform that slowly runs is installed on the base plate of support;
The concrete structure that last anchor clamps are installed on the support is: the upper end of going up anchor clamps links to each other with sextuple power/torque sensor, sextuple power/torque sensor with can carry out level and link to each other with vertical mobile two-dimentional transfer table, two-dimentional transfer table is fixed on the middle and upper part of support;
The high-precision platform that slowly runs, two-dimentional transfer table, sextuple power/torque sensor all are electrically connected with data acquisition control system.
The using method of this device and the course of work are:
To go up that sample is fixing to be gone up on the anchor clamps, following sample is fixed on the lower clamp, controls the motion of two-dimentional mobile platform by data acquisition control system, to adjust sample in level, the vertical position of both direction, makes it contact also given setting load with following sample.Control by data acquisition control system, control the high-precision platform that slowly runs, sample is back and forth rotated by setup parameter, the moment of torsion when monitoring twisting or micro-moving in real time with sextuple power/torque sensor again, send data acquisition control system to handle, obtain moment of torsion-angular displacement curve.
Given different parameter can be carried out the twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test under the different operating modes.For the following test specimen of different size, adopt the lower clamp of correspondingly-sized can finish test.
As seen, adopt above device, can realize test method of the present invention easily, can carry out the test of the material of different operating modes and specification, can accurately control test parameters, and this apparatus structure is simple.
Consisting of of above-mentioned two-dimentional transfer table: vertical motor is fixed on the top board of upper part of the frame, vertical motor shaft connects with vertical screw mandrel, the screw-internal thread fit of vertical screw mandrel and moving mass, the chute of moving mass inboard cooperates with guide rail on the riser, and fixedly connected with crossbeam in the outside of moving mass; The slide rail of crossbeam bottom cooperates with the chute on maneuvering board top, and horizontal motor is fixed on the support sidepiece riser, and the axle of horizontal motor connects with horizontal lead screw, the screw-internal thread fit of horizontal lead screw and maneuvering board, and the bottom of maneuvering board is connected with sextuple power/torque sensor.
Adopt motor-driven screw body and slide rail, slide way mechanism to come realization level and vertical motion.These mechanism's simple structures, reliable; And motor is controlled by data acquisition control system, makes that its position adjustment is accurate, easy.
The concrete mode that above-mentioned maneuvering board is connected with sextuple power/torque sensor is: the bottom of maneuvering board is threaded with coupling block, and the bottom of coupling block is connected with sextuple power/torque sensor.
Make like this sensor can be more steady firm be installed on the maneuvering board and also very convenient when changing.
Above-mentioned riser is provided with guide bearing, and this guide bearing is passed in the bottom of vertical screw mandrel.
Make that so the vertical stability of two-dimentional transfer table is better.
Consisting of of the above-mentioned high-precision platform that slowly runs: support is installed on the base plate of support, and the high precision slowspeed machine is vertical to be fixed on the support, fixing rotary table top on the output shaft of high precision slowspeed machine, the fixing lower clamp of screw thread on the rotary table top.
Make the simple structure of the high-precision platform that slowly runs like this, transmission is direct, and control accurately.
Have arc surface in the middle of the bottom in above-mentioned lower clamp clamping chamber, the radius-of-curvature of this arc surface is identical with the radius of spherical test specimen down, has positioning through hole in the centre of arc surface; The lower clamp pressing plate has the circular arc through hole, and its radius-of-curvature is also identical with test specimen radius under the sphere, the arc surface in positioning through hole, lower clamp clamping chamber and the circular arc through hole of lower clamp pressing plate, three's central lines.
The vertical center line of the spherical test specimen of lower clamp clamping and its turning axle are overlapping in the time of can guaranteeing to rotate like this, and the vertical summit of spherical test specimen does not change at horizontal level when making rotation, makes twisting fretting wear be able to accurate realization, avoid out cash sale-mill to decrease.
The minimum rotational angle theta of the twisting motion of the above-mentioned high-precision platform that slowly runs is 0.05 °, and the scope of rotational speed omega is 0.01-5 °/s.
The normal load measurement range of above-mentioned sextuple power/torque sensor is 1-580N; Laterally reach the tangential force measurement range 1-180N of vertical both direction, the torque measurement scope is that 1-10000Nmm, measuring accuracy are 1Nmm.
Make apparatus of the present invention can realize the low-angle twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test of high precision like this, its test result accurately, reliably.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure synoptic diagram of the test unit of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the right view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the test unit of the embodiment of the invention, not under the clamping lower clamp during test specimen and rotary table top analyse and observe the structure for amplifying synoptic diagram.
Fig. 4 a tests moment of torsion-angular displacement (T-θ) curve that obtains with the test unit of the embodiment of the invention and method of the present invention to a concrete material for test.The last test specimen of test is the LZ50 axle steel test block of 20mm * 10mm * 10mm, the GCr15 steel ball that following test specimen is Φ 40mm, test parameters is: normal load P=50N, back and forth rotation (reversing) angular velocity omega=0.2 °/s, rotational angle theta is 0.5 °, reciprocation cycle times N=10
3
Fig. 4 b is that its test parameters is also basic identical, only is that rotational angle theta changes the 2 ° of moment of torsion of testing to obtain-angular displacement curves into identical test unit, the material for test of Fig. 4 a.
Fig. 5 a is the grinding defect morphology figure behind the last specimen test of Fig. 4 a.
Fig. 5 b is the grinding defect morphology figure behind the last specimen test of Fig. 4 b.
Fig. 6 a is the polishing scratch abrasive dust X-ray energy spectrum figure (EDX) behind the last specimen test of Fig. 4 a, and wherein horizontal ordinate is: energy/kiloelectron-volt (energy/kev); Ordinate is: counting (counts).
Embodiment
Embodiment
A kind of concrete embodiment of the present invention is, a kind of twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test method, and its practice is:
A, will go up test specimen and be clamped in and go up on the anchor clamps, again lower clamp and the high-precision platform that slowly runs be fixed by screw thread, and the vertical center line in the clamping chamber of lower clamp and the high-precision platform turning axle centering that slowly runs, the following test specimen of usefulness lower clamp clamping sphere;
B, moving up and down by the data acquisition control system last anchor clamps of control, make upper and lower test specimen, contact and apply the load p of setting, control by data acquisition control system simultaneously makes the reciprocal rotation of the following test specimen of lower clamp and clamping thereof with rotational speed omega, rotational angle theta and the reciprocal time N of setting, realizes the twisting or micro-moving friction between upper and lower test specimen;
C, in the friction of upper and lower test specimen generation twisting or micro-moving, measure friction torque by the sextuple power/torque sensor that links to each other with last anchor clamps, and deliver to data acquisition control system, the data acquisition control system analysis draws moment of torsion-angular displacement curve of setting under rotating speed and the load-up condition, to characterize the dynamics of twisting or micro-moving friction.
Realize specifically being constructed as follows of the test unit of this example employing for making above-mentioned test method be able to more convenient and quicker ground.
Fig. 1,2 illustrates, and realizes the test unit of twisting or micro-moving friction test method of the present invention, comprises upper and lower anchor clamps 15,19, installs, the support 1 of lower clamp.
The concrete structure that lower clamp 19 is installed on the support 1 is: lower clamp 19 is fixed by screw thread with the high-precision platform that slowly runs for the anchor clamps of the spherical test specimen of clamping, lower clamp 19, and the vertical center line in the clamping chamber of lower clamp 19 and the high-precision platform turning axle centering that slowly runs; The high-precision platform that slowly runs is installed on the base plate 24 of support 1.
The concrete structure that last anchor clamps 15 are installed on the support 1 is: the upper end of going up anchor clamps 15 links to each other with sextuple power/torque sensor 13, sextuple power/torque sensor 13 with can carry out level and link to each other with vertical mobile two-dimentional transfer table, two-dimentional transfer table is fixed on the middle and upper part of support.
The high-precision platform that slowly runs, two-dimentional transfer table, sextuple power/torque sensor 13 all are electrically connected with data acquisition control system.
Consisting of of above two-dimentional transfer table: vertical motor 3 is fixed on the top board on support 1 top, vertical motor shaft connects with vertical screw mandrel 5, the screw-internal thread fit of vertical screw mandrel 5 and moving mass 25, the chute of moving mass 25 inboards cooperates with guide rail 6 on the riser 2, fixedlys connected with crossbeam 7 in the outside of moving mass 25; The slide rail 10 of crossbeam 7 bottoms cooperates with the chute on maneuvering board 11 tops, horizontal motor 8 is fixed on the support 1 sidepiece riser 2, horizontal motor shaft connects with horizontal lead screw 9, the screw-internal thread fit of horizontal lead screw 9 and maneuvering board 11, and the bottom of maneuvering board 11 is connected with sextuple power/torque sensor 13.
Above maneuvering board 11 with the concrete mode that sextuple power/torque sensor 13 is connected is: the bottom of maneuvering board 11 is threaded with coupling block 12, and the bottom of coupling block 12 is connected with sextuple power/torque sensor 13.
Also be provided with guide bearing 26 on the riser of support, this guide bearing 26 is passed in the bottom of vertical screw mandrel 5.
Consisting of of the above high-precision platform that slowly runs: support 23 is installed on the base plate 24 of support, high precision slowspeed machine 22 vertical being fixed on the support 23, fixing rotary table top 20 on the output shaft 21 of high precision slowspeed machine 22, the fixing lower clamp 19 of screw thread on the rotary table top 20.
Fig. 3 illustrates, and has arc surface 31 in the middle of the bottom in lower clamp 19 clamping chambeies, and the radius-of-curvature of this arc surface 31 is identical with the radius of spherical test specimen 17 down, has positioning through hole 32 in the centre of arc surface; Lower clamp pressing plate 18 has circular arc through hole 30, and its radius-of-curvature is also identical with test specimen 17 radiuses under the sphere, the arc surface 31 in positioning through hole 32, lower clamp 19 clamping chambeies and the circular arc through hole 30 of lower clamp pressing plate 18, three's central lines.Like this, can guarantee down test specimen 17 insert the clamping chamber, again compress lower clamp pressing plate 18 after, the vertical diameter of the following test specimen 17 that is held and the vertical center line in clamping chamber are overlapping, and be also promptly overlapping with the turning axle of high-precision low speed rotation platform.
The minimum rotational angle theta of the twisting motion of the high-precision platform that slowly runs that this example adopts is 0.05 °, and the scope of rotational speed omega is 0.01-5 °/s.Also promptly, the minimum output corner of high precision slowspeed machine 22 is 0.05 °, and the scope of rotating speed is 0.01-5 °/s.
The normal load measurement range of sextuple power/torque sensor 13 that this example adopts is 1-580N; Laterally reach the tangential force measurement range 1-180N of vertical both direction, the torque measurement scope is that 1-10000Nmm, measuring accuracy are 1Nmm.
The twice concrete result who tests who adopts above device of the present invention and test method thereof to carry out is as follows:
Test material is: going up test specimen is the LZ50 axle steel test block of 20mm * 10mm * 10mm, the GCr15 steel ball that following test specimen is Φ 40mm.Test condition: load p=50N, angular velocity omega=0.2 °/s, rotational angle theta is 0.5 °, 2 °, reciprocal time N=1000.Two tests only are the rotational angle theta differences, and first rotational angle theta is 0.5 °, and second rotational angle theta is 2 °.
Moment of torsion-angular displacement curve under the LZ50 steel twisting or micro-moving condition that Fig. 4 a (low-angle, θ=0.5 °) test that is first obtains.Curve shape is ellipticity, can judge that it belongs to the part slip state of fine motion.This assay features with tangential fine motion friction is consistent.
Fig. 4 b be second (wide-angle, θ=2 °) test obtain present parallelogram shape T-θ curve, can judge that it belongs to the complete slip state of fine motion; Also the assay features with tangential fine motion friction is consistent.
Fig. 5 a is the grinding defect morphology of the LZ50 steel after above first test.When this figure showed the part slippage, the adhesion of the polishing scratch center of last test specimen, damage were slightly; Little cunning takes place in the outside is relative slippage, and its wearing and tearing are more serious.Illustrate the part slippage has taken place, also consistent with the judgement of Fig. 4 a.
Fig. 5 b is the grinding defect morphology of the LZ50 steel after above second test.As seen from the figure, the contact region produces complete slippage, and the equal polishing scratch damage of all contact areas is serious, and this is also consistent with the judgement of Fig. 4 b.Also the assay features with tangential fretting wear is consistent.
Fig. 6 a is through the LZ50 steel after above first test, and the EDX result of its fine motion polishing scratch surface red brown abrasive dust finds that the oxygen content after the experience wear obviously raises, and illustrates that surface in contact has produced twisting fretting wear.
Obviously, anchor clamps 15 and the two-dimentional transfer table gone up of the present invention, lower clamp 19 and the high-precision platform that slowly runs can symmetry exchange, and also are about to go up anchor clamps and two-dimentional transfer table Rotate 180 degree, are installed in the bottom of support 1; And lower clamp 19 and the high-precision platform Rotate 180 degree that slowly runs are installed on the top of support 1; What belong to test unit of the present invention simply is equal to replacement.
Claims (9)
1. twisting or micro-moving frictional wear test method, its practice is:
A, will go up test specimen be clamped in go up on the anchor clamps, again with lower clamp) fix and the vertical center line in the clamping chamber of lower clamp and the high-precision platform turning axle centering that slowly runs, the following test specimen of usefulness lower clamp clamping sphere by screw thread with the high-precision platform that slowly runs;
B, moving up and down by the data acquisition control system last anchor clamps of control, make upper and lower test specimen contact and apply the load p of setting, control by data acquisition control system simultaneously makes the reciprocal rotation of the following test specimen of lower clamp and clamping thereof with rotational speed omega, rotational angle theta and the reciprocal time N of setting, realizes the twisting or micro-moving friction between upper and lower test specimen;
C, in the friction of upper and lower test specimen generation twisting or micro-moving, measure friction torque by the sextuple power/torque sensor that links to each other with last anchor clamps, and deliver to data acquisition control system, the data acquisition control system analysis draws moment of torsion-angular displacement curve of setting under rotating speed and the load-up condition, to characterize the dynamics of twisting or micro-moving friction.
2. a test unit of implementing the test method of claim 1 comprises upper and lower anchor clamps (15,19), installs, the support (1) of lower clamp (15,19), it is characterized in that:
The concrete structure that described lower clamp (19) is installed on the support (1) is: lower clamp (19) is the anchor clamps of the following test specimen (17) of clamping sphere, lower clamp (19) is fixed by screw thread with the high-precision platform that slowly runs, and the vertical center line in the clamping chamber of lower clamp (19) and the high-precision platform turning axle centering that slowly runs; The high-precision platform that slowly runs is installed on the base plate (24) of support (1);
The concrete structure that last anchor clamps (15) are installed on the support (1) is: the upper end of going up anchor clamps (15) links to each other with sextuple power/torque sensor (13), sextuple power/torque sensor (13) with can carry out level and link to each other with vertical mobile two-dimentional transfer table, two-dimentional transfer table is fixed on the middle and upper part of support (1);
The high-precision platform that slowly runs, two-dimentional transfer table, sextuple power/torque sensor (13) all are electrically connected with data acquisition control system.
3. a kind of test unit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, consisting of of described two-dimentional transfer table: vertical motor (3) is fixed on the top board on support (1) top, the axle of vertical motor (3) connects with vertical screw mandrel (5), the screw-internal thread fit of vertical screw mandrel (5) and moving mass (25), the chute of moving mass (25) inboard cooperates with the guide rail (6) on the riser (2), fixedlys connected with crossbeam (7) in the outside of moving mass (25); The slide rail (10) of crossbeam (7) bottom cooperates with the chute on maneuvering board (11) top, horizontal motor (8) is fixed on the riser (2) of support (1), the axle of horizontal motor (8) connects with horizontal lead screw (9), the screw-internal thread fit of horizontal lead screw (9) and maneuvering board (11), the bottom of maneuvering board (11) is connected with sextuple power/torque sensor (13).
4. a kind of test unit according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described maneuvering board (11) with the concrete mode that sextuple power/torque sensor (13) is connected is: the bottom of maneuvering board (11) is threaded with coupling block (12), and the bottom of coupling block (12) is connected with sextuple power/torque sensor (13).
5. a kind of test unit according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the riser (2) of described support (1) is provided with guide bearing (26), and this guide bearing (26) is passed in the bottom of vertical screw mandrel (5).
6. a kind of test unit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the consisting of of the described high-precision platform that slowly runs: support (23) is installed on the base plate (24) of support (1), high precision slowspeed machine (22) is vertical to be fixed on the support (23), the output shaft (21) of high precision slowspeed machine (22) is gone up fixedly rotary table top (20), and rotary table top (20) is gone up fixedly lower clamp (19) of screw thread.
7. a kind of test unit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: have arc surface (31) in the middle of the bottom in described lower clamp (19) clamping chamber, the radius-of-curvature of this arc surface (31) is identical with the radius of spherical test specimen (17) down, has positioning through hole (32) in the centre of arc surface (31); Lower clamp pressing plate (18) has circular arc through hole (30), and its radius-of-curvature is also identical with test specimen (17) radius under the sphere; The arc surface (31) in positioning through hole (32), lower clamp (19) clamping chamber and the circular arc through hole (30) of lower clamp pressing plate (18), three's central lines.
8. a kind of test unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the minimum rotational angle theta of the twisting motion of the described high-precision platform that slowly runs is 0.05 °, and the scope of rotational speed omega is 0.01-5 °/s.
9. a kind of test unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the normal load measurement range of described sextuple power/torque sensor (13) is 1-580N; Laterally reach the tangential force measurement range 1-180N of vertical both direction, the torque measurement scope is that 1-10000Nmm, measuring accuracy are 1Nmm.
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