A kind of hydraulic pressure-shear test machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hydraulic pressure-shear test machines in testing machine field.
Background technique
Pressure-shear test machine is mainly used for the compound bar that different types of rridges are board-like, pot rubber bearing carries out resistance to compression, anti-shearing force
Under part, the axial-radial resistance to compression, shearing resistance, corner mechanical test of rubber support are detected.It can carry out the compression elasticity mould of rubber support
Amount, shear modulus allow the angle of shear, the mechanical property tests such as coefficient of friction and compressive ultimate strength.
Existing hydraulic pressure-shear test machine is as shown in Figure 1, the pressure-shear test machine includes vertical loading mechanism and horizontal addload
Mechanism, vertical loading mechanism include vertical load bracket, and the vertical bracket that loads includes pedestal, column 5 and crossbeam 4, on pedestal
It is provided with vertical load cylinder 6, horizontal addload mechanism includes the guide rail 1 arranged in left-right direction, and guiding movement is equipped on guide rail
Trolley 2 is loaded, loads and is provided with horizontal addload cylinder on trolley 2, shear plate 9 is connected on horizontal addload cylinder.
When needing to carry out anti-shearing force test to rubber support, two rubber supports 8 are respectively placed in the upper of shear plate 9
It is vertical to load cylinder to the vertical loading force of rubber support application to simulate bridge weight between lower face and crossbeam 4 and lower platen 7, it loads
The counter-force portion 3 of small roof is against on crossbeam and using crossbeam as reaction frame, applies pulling force, shearing to shear plate by horizontal addload cylinder
Plate shears two rubber supports of upper and lower sides, to simulate the shearing of the afforded bridge of the rubber support in seismic environment
Active force.The anti-shear performance of rubber support is tested in this way, and existing this hydraulic pressure-shear test machine has problems in that:
Because load trolley is vertically to load bracket as reaction frame, load trolley can only apply the work in a direction to rubber support
Firmly, that is to say, that shear plate also can only to rubber support apply a direction shearing force, this in true seismic environment, rubber
Bridge shear power suffered by glue support differs farther out, and in true seismic environment, bridge may be reciprocal in one direction
Shaking, therefore be also the reciprocating on a direction to the shearing force of rubber support, the deformation of rubber support not only court
One direction, and pressure-shear test machine in the prior art is only able to achieve the upwardly-deformed shearing test in one side of rubber support, with
The true stress condition of rubber support less meets.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic pressures that biaxial loadings in horizontal direction can be carried out to rubber support
Shear test machine.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of hydraulic pressure-shear test machine, including vertical loading mechanism and horizontal addload mechanism, vertical loading mechanism include vertical add
Carrying bracket, top board and lower platen, horizontal addload mechanism includes the guide rail extended in left-right direction, and guiding movement assembles on guide rail
There is load trolley, load trolley has the counter-force portion for supporting cooperation with the vertical load top of support, loads and be arranged on trolley
There is horizontal force to load cylinder, the shear plate being connected between top board and lower platen on horizontal force load cylinder, the top board
On be rotatably equipped with the top board platen that pivot center vertically extends, be rotatably equipped with pivot center along upper on lower platen
The pushing disc plate pressure that lower direction extends, the upper end rotation of shear plate are provided with for cooperating with top board platen with the rubber to upside
Glue support carry out shearing test shear plate on platen, shear plate lower end rotation be provided with for push disc plate pressure cooperation with
The shear plate pressing disc of shearing test is carried out to the rubber support of downside, platen, shear plate push on top board platen, shear plate
Disk and pushing disc plate pressure are coaxially set, and platen, shear plate pressing disc and pushing disc plate pressure have on top board platen, shear plate
The first station and second station of angle of rotation difference 180 degree.
Realization is provided on shear plate between platen and shear plate, platen on shear plate is fixed on the first station and second
The first fixing bolt of shear plate of station;It is provided with realization between shear plate pressing disc and shear plate, shear plate is fixed on first
The second fixing bolt of station and the shear plate of second station.
One, which is provided with, on lower end surface on the top board platen extends radially to top board platen along top board platen
The top board platen mounting groove of outer peripheral surface, on the lower end surface of top board setting there are two in 180 degree distribution for individually with
The top board mounting groove that pressing plate platen mounting groove is used cooperatively, be hinged on top board platen positioned at top board platen mounting groove with
Top board platen is limited in the upper limit bar of corresponding station, the hinge axes of upper limit bar are hung down in corresponding top board mounting groove
Directly in up and down direction.
It is provided on the upper surface of platen on shear plate and is caught in after being produced for upper limit bar by top board mounting groove
There is the upper limit bar for hand-held force to hold force section for gag lever post card slot, the middle part of upper limit bar.
It is provided with one on upper surface on the pushing disc plate pressure and extends radially to push disc plate pressure along disc plate pressure is pushed
The pushing disc plate pressure mounting groove of outer peripheral surface, on the upper surface of lower platen setting there are two in 180 degree distribution for individually under
The lower platen mounting groove that pressing plate platen mounting groove is used cooperatively, push disc plate pressure on be hinged be located at push disc plate pressure mounting groove with
Will push the lower limit bar that disc plate pressure is limited in corresponding station in corresponding lower platen mounting groove, the hinge axes of lower limit bar are hung down
Directly in up and down direction.
It is provided with after being produced for lower limit bar by lower platen mounting groove and is caught in down on the lower end surface of shear plate pressing disc
There is the lower limit bar for hand-held force to hold force section for gag lever post card slot, the middle part of lower limit bar.
The invention has the benefit that this hydraulic pressure-shear test machine is when in use, respectively in top board platen and shear plate
Between upper platen, rubber support is placed between shear plate pressing disc and pushing disc plate pressure, when testing for the first time, top board platen is cut
Platen, shear plate pressing disc and pushing disc plate pressure are in the first station on cutting plate, and vertical loading mechanism applies rubber support perpendicular
The weight of bridge is simulated to loading force, horizontal force loads cylinder and pulls shear plate, and the counter-force portion contact for loading trolley is vertically adding
It carries on bracket, the vertical reaction frame for loading bracket and constituting load trolley, shear plate is pushed with platen on shear plate and shear plate
Disk applies the horizontal direction shearing force on a direction to corresponding rubber support, realizes to cutting on one direction of rubber support
Cut test, after the test, horizontal force loads cylinder unloading, rotation top board platen, platen on shear plate, shear plate pressing disc and
Pushing disc plate pressure is to second station, platen, shear plate pressing disc and the band for pushing disc plate pressure on top board platen, shear plate
Under dynamic, rubber support rotates 180 degree, then loads cylinder by horizontal force and apply drag force to shear plate, although test is horizontal twice
Power loads the loading direction of cylinder there is no changing, but since rubber support itself has rotated 180 degree, rubber support two
Secondary suffered shearing force is contrary, realizes to the biaxial loadings in rubber support horizontal direction, is closer to true
Seismic environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of background technique in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 3 is the cooperation schematic diagram of lower platen and rubber support in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is top board platen in the present invention, platen, shear plate pressing disc and the cooperation signal for pushing disc plate pressure on shear plate
Figure;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of horizontal displacement buffer gear in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A kind of implementation of hydraulic pressure-shear test machine is for example shown in Fig. 2 ~ 5: including vertical loading mechanism and horizontal addload mechanism,
Vertical loading mechanism vertically loads bracket 23, the vertical crossbeam 5 for loading bracket 23 and including column 6 and being set on column, crossbeam 5
Height can be adjusted, the lower end of crossbeam is provided with top board 14, and the downside of top board 14 is provided with lower platen 26, push
Pressing plate limited roller 25, the pivot center of pressing plate limited roller 25 are provided between the left and right sides of plate 26 and vertical load bracket
It is extended along the longitudinal direction.It is provided with intermediate force transmitting board 27 on the downside of lower platen, is set between intermediate force transmitting board 27 and lower platen
It is equipped with horizontal displacement buffer gear, the downside of intermediate force transmitting board 27 is provided with vertical force load cylinder, and intermediate force transmitting board is fixed on perpendicular
To on the piston rod of power load cylinder 28.
In the present embodiment, horizontal displacement buffer gear includes the upper bulb 29 being fixedly connected with lower platen 26 and passes with centre
The lower bulb 31 that power plate 27 is fixedly connected, upper bulb 29, lower bulb 31 periphery be arranged with intermediate power transmission set 30, intermediate power transmission set
Inner hole upper end be the upper ball groove 33 cooperated with upper bulb sphere-contact, the inner hole lower end of intermediate power transmission set is and lower bulb spherical surface
The lower ball groove 32 being engaged.Horizontal addload mechanism includes the guide rail 1 extended in left-right direction, and guiding movement is equipped on guide rail
Trolley 2 is loaded, load trolley 2 has for the counter-force portion 4 with vertical load 23 contact of the bracket cooperation, in the present embodiment,
4 contact of counter-force portion loads on the vertically crossbeam 5 of load bracket and is provided with horizontal force load cylinder 3 on trolley, and horizontal force loads cylinder
The shear plate 7 being connected on 3 between top board 14 and lower platen 26, the specific connection relationship of horizontal addload cylinder and shear plate
It is to be provided with the connection pin shaft being vertically arranged on horizontal addload cylinder, the pin connected with pin shaft is connect is provided on shear plate
Axis connection hole, the height for connecting pin shaft is higher than the height of pin shaft connecting hole, therefore shear plate opposite can connect pin shaft and move up and down,
With rubber support to the upper side transmitting pressure, the connection relationship of horizontal addload cylinder and shear plate belongs to the prior art.In use, water
Flat load cylinder transmits shearing force to rubber support by pulling shear plate, due to the presence of mismatch error, pressing plate limited roller
There can be certain crash amount between 25 and vertical load bracket, therefore when horizontal addload cylinder pulls shear plate, lower platen can be produced
Moving to right in raw range by a small margin, moving range is substantially within 2mm, by the presence of horizontal displacement buffer gear, then very well
Buffered impact of the displacement to vertical force load cylinder, for lower platen with upper bulb 29 towards right translation, intermediate power transmission set 30 is suitable
The movement of answering property adjusts, this displacement will not be applied on intermediate force transmitting board, thus vertical force load the piston rod of cylinder will not be by
It to horizontal applied force, on the one hand can be damaged for a long time by horizontal applied force to avoid piston, in addition it can guarantee to erect
Accurately vertical loading force can be exported to rubber support to load cylinder, because if this horizontal applied force is applied to piston rod
On, it will definitely increase the frictional force between piston rod and the cylinder body of vertical load cylinder, which just will affect vertical load cylinder
Export the accuracy of vertical loading force.
It is rotatably equipped with the top board platen 13 that pivot center vertically extends on top board 14, turns on lower platen 26
It is dynamic to be equipped with the pushing disc plate pressure 36 that pivot center vertically extends, the upper end rotation of shear plate be provided with for upper pressure
Disc plate pressure cooperation carries out platen 19 on the shear plate of shearing test with the rubber support to upside, and the lower end of shear plate rotates setting
There are the shear plate pressing disc 9 for carrying out shearing test with the rubber support to downside with pushing disc plate pressure cooperation, top board pressure
Platen 19, shear plate pressing disc 9 and pushing disc plate pressure 36 are coaxially set on disk 13, shear plate, on top board platen, shear plate
Platen, shear plate pressing disc and pushing disc plate pressure have the first station and second station of angle of rotation difference 180 degree.In this implementation
In example: being provided with realization on shear plate between platen and shear plate for platen on shear plate and be fixed on the first station and second station
Upper platen fixing bolt 10;Be provided between shear plate pressing disc and shear plate realization by shear plate be fixed on the first station and
The pressing disc fixing bolt 37 of second station.
It is provided with one on lower end surface on top board platen and extends radially to top board platen periphery along top board platen
The top board platen mounting groove 17 in face, on the lower end surface of top board setting there are two in 180 degree distribution for individually with upper pressure
The top board mounting groove 16 that disc plate pressure mounting groove is used cooperatively, be hinged on top board platen positioned at top board platen mounting groove with
Top board platen is limited in the upper limit bar 15 of corresponding station, the articulated shaft of upper limit bar 15 in corresponding top board mounting groove
Line is perpendicular to up and down direction.It is provided on the upper surface of platen on shear plate after being produced for upper limit bar by top board mounting groove
There is the upper limit bar for hand-held force to hold force section for the upper limit bar card slot 18 being caught in, the middle part of upper limit bar.The upper limit
The outer end of position bar protrudes from top board, after upper limit bar turns on upper limit card slot far from one end of top board platen, the upper limit
The circumferential two sides of position bar and the respective side cell wall of upper limit card slot are engaged, on shear plate of dismantling between platen and shear plate
The first fixing bolt of shear plate, staff can hold the middle part of upper limit bar, to drive platen on shear plate, top board
Platen rotates synchronously, and after rotating 180 degree, upper limit bar can be flipped back to top board platen mounting groove and another top board
In mounting groove, top board platen is limited in second station by upper limit bar at this time, will be sheared by the first fixing bolt of shear plate
Platen is fixed on shear plate on plate.
It is provided with one on upper surface on pushing disc plate pressure and extends radially to push disc plate pressure periphery along disc plate pressure is pushed
The pushing disc plate pressure mounting groove 35 in face, on the upper surface of lower platen setting there are two in 180 degree distribution for individually with pushing
The lower platen mounting groove 24 that disc plate pressure mounting groove is used cooperatively, push disc plate pressure on be hinged be located at push disc plate pressure mounting groove with
The lower limit bar 22 that disc plate pressure is limited in corresponding station, the articulated shaft of lower limit bar 22 will be pushed in corresponding lower platen mounting groove
Line is perpendicular to up and down direction.It is provided on the upper surface of shear plate pressing disc after being produced for lower limit bar by lower platen mounting groove
There is the lower limit bar for hand-held force to hold force section for the lower limit bar card slot 20 being caught in, the middle part of lower limit bar.Lower limit
The outer end of position bar protrudes from lower platen, after lower limit bar turns on lower limit card slot far from the one end for pushing disc plate pressure, lower limit
The circumferential two sides of position bar and the respective side cell wall of lower limit card slot are engaged, and dismantle between shear plate pressing disc and shear plate
The second fixing bolt of shear plate 37, staff can hold the middle part of lower limit bar, come drive shear plate pressing disc, push
Disc plate pressure rotates synchronously, and after rotating 180 degree, lower limit bar can be flipped back to and push disc plate pressure mounting groove and another pushing
In plate mounting groove, lower limit bar is limited in second station for disc plate pressure is pushed at this time, will be cut by the second fixing bolt of shear plate
Cutting plate pressing disc is fixed on shear plate.
In use, respectively on top board platen and shear plate between platen, shear plate pressing disc and push disc plate pressure it
Between place rubber support, when testing for the first time, platen on top board platen, shear plate, shear plate pressing disc and push at disc plate pressure
In the first station, top board platen, not being able to rotate for pushing disc plate pressure are realized by upper limit bar and lower limit bar respectively, shearing
Platen, not being able to rotate for shear plate pressing disc then fix spiral shell by the first fixing bolt of shear plate and shear plate second respectively on plate
Bolt is realized, in the present embodiment, there are two the first fixing bolt of shear plate, the second fixing bolt of shear plate are equal, and two shear plates the
One fixing bolt is spaced apart in 180, and two the second fixing bolts of shear plate are spaced apart in 180 degree;Horizontal force loads cylinder and draws
Shear plate is dragged, loads the counter-force portion contact of trolley on vertically load bracket, the vertical counter-force for loading bracket and constituting load trolley
Frame, shear plate apply to corresponding rubber support towards the horizontal direction in right direction with platen on shear plate and shear plate pressing disc
Shearing force is realized to the shearing test on one direction of rubber support, and after the test, horizontal force loads cylinder unloading, downwards
Overturn upper limit bar, be flipped up upper limit bar, the lower end of upper limit bar snaps onto upper limit bar card slot, lower limit bar it is upper
End snaps onto lower limit bar card slot, and corresponding fixing bolt of dismantling, staff can hold the middle part of corresponding gag lever post, just
It is the same (gag lever post of vertical state is represented by dashed line in Fig. 2, Fig. 4) to stone of turning a millstone, it will be pressed on top board platen, shear plate
It disk, shear plate pressing disc and pushes disc plate pressure and rotates 180 degree to second station, then withdraw upper limit bar, lower limit bar,
Fixing bolt is retightened, platen, shear plate pressing disc and the drive for pushing disc plate pressure on top board platen, shear plate
Under, rubber support rotates 180 degree, then loads cylinder by horizontal force and apply drag force to shear plate, although testing horizontal force twice
The loading direction of cylinder is loaded there is no changing, but since rubber support itself has rotated 180 degree, rubber support is twice
Suffered shearing force is contrary, realizes to the biaxial loadings in rubber support horizontal direction, is closer to really
Shake environment.In other embodiments of the invention: top board platen, the working position fixation for pushing disc plate pressure can also pass through bolt
To realize;It counter-force portion can also be with contact on the vertically column of load bracket.