CN101172795B - α型高强石膏胶结料 - Google Patents
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- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/145—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form
- C04B28/146—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form alpha-hemihydrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/60—Flooring materials
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/90—Electrical properties
- C04B2111/905—Anti-static materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种α型高强石膏胶结料，主要由α型半水石膏、抗拉改性剂、抗压改性剂和化学外加剂组成，其中抗拉改性剂的体积含量为5～10％，抗压改性剂的用量为α型半水石膏质量的10～20％，化学外加剂的质量含量为2～6％。本发明的α型高强石膏胶结料同时具有高抗拉强度、高抗压强度和体积稳定性，又具有较高的压制性能和使用性能，为防静电架空活动地板芯材提供一种高质量无机质材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于建材领域，具体涉及一种改性的石膏胶结料。
背景技术
防静电架空活动地板是适应现代智能化楼宇中信息自动化技术对环境的特定要求应运而生的，使现代化办公程度更高效，办公场所更舒适。目前，在计算机机房、通讯机房、监控机房、洁净厂房、银行等，得到普遍应用。由于无机质基材的防火性能最佳，性价比又高，很多生产企业直接从国外进口石膏基的芯板。
一般石膏制品都是用浇铸法成型，对石膏粉本身没有什么要求，而防静电活动地板芯板是用压制法成型工艺，压制时制品内部的空气和水要排出，这对材料的颗粒级配及表面性能都有较高的要求，所以要得到高质量的芯板，必须对石膏粉颗粒级配进行调整，对颗粒表面进行适当处理。
防静电架空活动地板的力学性能要求很高，对规格为600×600×(30-40)mm地板，挠度小于2mm时的集中荷载：重型的为5.56KN，轻型的为2KN；均布荷载：重型的为33KN/m2，轻型的为9.72KN/m2。为了达到这个指标，石膏胶结料的标准试件(40×40×160mm)的抗折强度要在20Mpa以上才行。
发明内容
本发明的目的是在现有石膏的基础上，改变造型材料的性能、增强石膏制品的抗折强度和改善石膏制品的工艺性能，为防静电架空活动地板芯材提供一种高质量无机质材料-α型高强石膏胶结料。
本发明的目的可以通过以下措施达到：
一种α型高强石膏胶结料，主要由α型半水石膏、抗拉改性剂、抗压改性剂和化学外加剂组成，其中抗拉改性剂的体积含量为5～10％，抗压改性剂的用量为α型半水石膏质量的10～20％，化学外加剂的质量含量为2～6％。
本发明使用α型高强石膏，而不使用β型建筑石膏。
添加抗拉改性剂可以提高石膏胶结料的抗拉强度，抗拉改性剂通常使用纤维，如化学纤维、纸纤维或木质纤维等，可同时使用几种或单独使用其中的一种；化学纤维可以选自维纶纤维、尼纶纤维、丙纶纤维、晴纶纤维、芳纶纤维或乙纶纤维中的一种或几种。其中维纶纤维可采用高强度高弹模维纶纤维。本发明所采用纤维长度并没有具体的限制，考虑到实际情况，以4～20mm为佳。使用较高抗拉强度和高弹模的纤维对石膏胶结料的抗折强度有较大提高。
抗压改性剂可以提高石膏胶结料的抗压强度和体积稳定性，抗压改性剂通常使用二氧化硅类物质，如无定形二氧化硅粉末和/或石英砂。
为了提高压制性能和使用性能，在本发明的石膏胶结料还掺入了化学外加剂，如三偏磷酸钠和乳胶粉等；其中三偏磷酸钠的质量含量为0.2～1％，可再分散乳胶粉的质量含量为1.8～5％。
在石膏胶结料还可加入其他物质以提高具体的性能，如掺入质量分数为0～1％的硬脂酸盐(锌或钙等)和0～1％硝酸钾等。
本发明除了用高强高弹模的纤维来提高石膏胶结料的抗折强度，其次就是用不同粒径的二氧化硅来调节石膏胶结料的颗粒级配，利用硬脂酸(钙、锌)，乳胶粉等来处理石膏颗粒的表面性能，使其在压制过程排气通畅不分层，压制后制品的密度最高来选择最佳掺量范围，通过多次测试，二氧化硅的粒径在50～170目较好，掺量在10～20％，硬脂酸(锌、钙)掺量在0～1％，三偏磷酸钠掺量在0.2～1％，可再分散乳胶粉掺量在2～5％较好，硝酸钾掺量在0～1％。
本发明的α型高强石膏胶结料同时具有高抗拉强度、高抗压强度和体积稳定性，又具有较高的压制性能和使用性能，为防静电架空活动地板芯材提供一种高质量无机质材料。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将α型半水石膏、木质纤维、石英砂(50～170目)、无定形二氧化硅粉未、硬脂酸钙、三偏磷酸钠、乳胶粉混合均匀，调成石膏胶结料，其中木质纤维的体积含量为5％，其他组分质量含量为石英砂10％、无定形二氧化硅粉未5％、硬脂酸钙1％、三偏磷酸钠0.3％、乳胶粉3％。
实施例2
除将木质纤维体积含量改为3％，增加1％的维纶和5％的丙纶外，其他同实施例1。
实施例3
除将木质纤维体积含量改为4％，增加3％的维纶和3％的丙纶外，其他同实施例1。
实施例4
除将木质纤维体积含量改为3％，增加5％的维纶和2％的丙纶外，其他同实施例1。
实施例5
除将木质纤维体积含量改为3％，增加7％的维纶外，其他同实施例1。
实施例6
将α型半水石膏、芳纶纤维、石英砂(50～170目)、硝酸钾、三偏磷酸钠、乳胶粉混合均匀，调成石膏胶结料，其中芳纶纤维的体积含量为7％，其他组分质量含量为石英砂15％、硝酸钾0.5％、三偏磷酸钠0.5％、乳胶粉4％。
实施例7
除不使用硝酸钾外，其他同实施例6。
将实施例1-5所得的石膏胶结料进行抗折强度测试，结果如表1。
表1 实施例1-5所得的石膏胶结料抗折强度
| 实施例 | 维纶％ | 丙纶％ | 木质纤维％ | 抗折强度MPa |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 17.5 |
| 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 24.7 |
| 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 28.3 |
| 4 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 32.5 |
| 5 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 36.6 |
注：1、维纶纤维长度12mm，抗拉强度1300Mpa，弹性模量35Gpa，
2、丙纶纤维长度12mm，抗拉强度350Mpa，弹性模量3.5Gpa。
将实施例4配比的α型高强石膏胶结料，按我国行业标准Sj/T10796-2001《防静电活动地板通用规范》生产并测试，结果列于表2中。
表2 实施例4的α型高强石膏胶结料测试结果
| 序号 | 规格mm | 集中荷载N | 均布荷载N/m<sup>2</sup> |
| 1 | 600×600×30 | 3500 | 24400 |
| 2 | 600×600×35 | 4560 | 27600 |
| 3 | 600×600×40 | 5750 | 34500 |
注：挠度小于2mm
Claims (4)
1.一种α型高强石膏胶结料，主要由α型半水石膏、抗拉改性剂、抗压改性剂和化学外加剂组成，其中抗拉改性剂的体积含量为5～10％，抗压改性剂的用量为α型半水石膏质量的10～20％，化学外加剂的质量含量为2～6％；其中所述的化学外加剂为三偏磷酸钠和乳胶粉，所述的抗拉改性剂选自化学纤维、纸纤维或木质纤维中的一种或几种，所述的抗压改性剂为无定形二氧化硅粉末和/或石英砂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的α型高强石膏胶结料，其特征在于所述的化学纤维选自维纶纤维、尼纶纤维、丙纶纤维、晴纶纤维、芳纶纤维或乙纶纤维中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的α型高强石膏胶结料，其特征在于三偏磷酸钠的质量含量为0.2～1％，乳胶粉的质量含量为1.8～5％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的α型高强石膏胶结料，其特征在于该石膏胶结料还含有质量分数为0～1％的硬脂酸盐和0～1％硝酸钾。
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| CN102219466A (zh) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-10-19 | 江苏省一夫新材料科技有限公司 | 一种建筑工程用硬石膏胶结料 |
| CN103482946B (zh) * | 2013-09-12 | 2015-04-22 | 德高（广州）建材有限公司 | 中性马赛克胶粘剂 |
| MX2019008873A (es) | 2017-01-26 | 2019-09-18 | Etex Services Nv | Productos para cubiertas de fibrocemento y metodos para su produccion. |
| CN108439856A (zh) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-08-24 | 云南宇耐科技有限公司 | 一种磷石膏长效改性防水硬化复合外加剂及其制备方法 |
| CN111018382A (zh) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 中芳特纤股份有限公司 | 一种利用对位芳纶纺丝废酸和废丝制备高强石膏的方法 |
| CN111875336A (zh) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏一夫科技股份有限公司 | 一种基于硬石膏和石灰石的高强石膏胶凝材料及其制备方法 |
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| CN1366514A (zh) * | 2000-04-25 | 2002-08-28 | 美国石膏公司 | 石膏组合物及相关方法 |
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| CN1061583A (zh) * | 1990-11-22 | 1992-06-03 | 唐芝 | 制作课桌等的新型材料及工艺方法 |
| CN1366514A (zh) * | 2000-04-25 | 2002-08-28 | 美国石膏公司 | 石膏组合物及相关方法 |
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