CN101171880B - 用于连接至外部有源噪声补偿装置的耳机 - Google Patents

用于连接至外部有源噪声补偿装置的耳机 Download PDF

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CN101171880B
CN101171880B CN2006800153956A CN200680015395A CN101171880B CN 101171880 B CN101171880 B CN 101171880B CN 2006800153956 A CN2006800153956 A CN 2006800153956A CN 200680015395 A CN200680015395 A CN 200680015395A CN 101171880 B CN101171880 B CN 101171880B
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noise compensation
resistance
earphone
active noise
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CN101171880A (zh
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安德烈·格兰特
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Sennheiser Electronic GmbH and Co KG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17855—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices for improving speed or power requirements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17875—General system configurations using an error signal without a reference signal, e.g. pure feedback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/033—Headphones for stereophonic communication

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)

Abstract

设计了一种用于连接至外部有源噪声补偿装置的耳机。该耳机具有至少一个受话器，邻近耳朵的麦克风以及用于提高所述外部噪声补偿装置的放大率的无源电路网络。由此，通过该无源网络提高总放大率，可以提高外部噪声补偿系统的噪声补偿。

Description

用于连接至外部有源噪声补偿装置的耳机
本发明涉及一种用于连接至外部有源噪声补偿装置的耳机以及一种用于连接在外部有源噪声补偿装置和耳机之间的适配单元。 
带有有源噪声补偿的耳机已经被充分公开。其中，用于有源噪声补偿的相应电子设备可以设置在耳机上，或者设计为外部单元。外部的噪声补偿单元例如已由飞机而公开，其中在所谓的飞行娱乐系统中使用了噪声补偿耳机。典型的是，这种耳机具有邻近耳朵的麦克风，其用于采集干扰声并且输送给电子设备用于有源噪声补偿。然而这种解决方案通常仅仅是专有的解决方案，使得所需要的耳机不能容易地与其它制造商的耳机互换。 
WO 2004/002383描述了一种噪声补偿系统以及一种相应的耳机。该耳机具有用于有源噪声补偿的麦克风以及滤波网络，该网络用于使麦克风的响应特性与标准化的阻抗或者响应曲线匹配。 
DE 69317827T2描述了一种带有有源噪声补偿单元和滤波器的耳机，该滤波器有选择地降低麦克风的输出信号的高频分量的电平，以便由此通过电声转换器的输出信号减小外部噪音的低频分量的电平。 
此外，文献DE 19818925A1、DE 69827245T2、US 2003/0228019A1和US5,604,813都作为一般的现有技术。 
本发明的任务在于，设计一种耳机，其可以普遍地使用在有源噪声补偿中。 
该任务通过根据权利要求1的耳机以及根据权利要求3的适配单元解决。 
由此设计了一种用于连接至外部有源噪声补偿装置的耳机。该耳机具有至少一个受话器，邻近耳朵的麦克风以及用于提高外部噪声补偿装置的放大的无源电路网络。 
由此，通过无源网络提高总放大率，可以提高外部噪声补偿系统的噪声补偿。 
根据本发明的一个方面，无源电路网络被设计用于利用外部的有源噪声补偿装置的放大，使得存在启动的和/或可用的反馈。 
此外，本发明还涉及一种用于连接在外部噪声补偿装置和耳机之间的适配单元。适配单元具有无源电路网络，用于提高外部噪声补偿装置的放大率。被放大的信号随后被相应地输出给耳机。 
由此，设计了一种适配单元，其可以连接到噪声补偿耳机上，以将耳机与外部的有源噪声补偿装置匹配。 
本发明的另外的扩展方案是从属权利要求的主题。 
以下将参照附图进一步阐述本发明的实施例。 
图1示出了噪声补偿耳机、耳机和外部的噪声补偿装置之间的接口的电路图； 
图2示出了补偿的测量图。 
在图1中示出了一种噪声补偿耳机的实施方式。图1的电路仅仅示出了耳机的一侧。耳机的另一侧可以与此类似地实现。带有放大器V和有源噪声补偿单元ANR的外部有源噪声补偿装置LKV可以连接至电路网络，该电路网络具有无源电路网络N。此外，受话器A以及麦克风连接至该网络。无源电路网络具有三个电阻R11、R12和R14以及可选的电容器C12。耳机的受话器H被连接至网络的端子AP14和AP16。麦克风被连接至端子AP15和AP16。输出端AP11控制在外部有源噪声补偿装置LKV中的放大器V的放大，而输出端AP13给出要通过外部噪声补偿装置放大的信号。被放大的信号被转发给有源噪声补偿单元ANR，其中进行相应的噪声补偿。噪声补偿单元ANR的输出被转发给网络的端子AP12，例如飞机上的耳机插孔(Inflight Stereo Jack)。电阻R11和R12串联在端子AP12和地之间。电阻R14连接在端子AP 15与电阻R11和R12之间的端子之间。电容器C12与电阻R12并联地设置。 
通过带有三个电阻和可选的电容器C12的电路网络N的扩展方案，提高了环路增益。换句话说，网络N使用了外部有源噪声补偿装置的放大，以实现启动的、可用的反馈。 
上面描述的网络可以在耳机中或者在耳机的线缆的壳体中实现，或者在可以与耳机相连的适配单元中实现。适配单元也可以设置在外部有源噪声补偿装置和耳机之间。 
替换地或者附加地，上述网络可以在外部有源噪声补偿装置中实现。 
由此实现的关于有源噪声补偿的效率方面的增益与声学、电阻R16 的位置以及另外的电阻相关。在200Hz到500Hz的频率范围中，实现了＞5dB的补偿提高，而没有降低系统的稳定性。 
图2示出了所实现的补偿的测量图。在此，上部的曲线K1示出了没有电路网络N而实现的补偿，而下部的曲线K2示出了带有相应的电路网络的补偿。特别地，图2的测量示出了网络对于非常高的正反馈部分的影响，也即电阻R14较小，而电阻R16较大。两个所测得的曲线之间的大小偏差在200到700赫兹之间。 
上述装置的优点是有源噪声补偿的补偿增大。此外，可以将不同的耳机与已有的有源噪声补偿单元组合，而不必进行声学的匹配。本发明的基本思想可以例如应用在航空(例如在飞机座位中)、消费领域(例如在汽车座位或者在有轨电车、火车或者地铁中的座位中)以及军事领域中。优选的是，噪声补偿耳机与有源噪声补偿的外部电子设备相连接。由此，可以避免耳机的音响效果与相应的外部噪声补偿单元匹配。 

Claims (2)

1.一种用于连接至外部有源噪声补偿装置(LKV)的耳机，具有：
至少一个受话器(H)，
耳朵附近的麦克风(M)，和
用于提高所述外部噪声补偿装置的放大率的无源电路网络(N)，
其中所述无源电路网络(N)被设计来使用所述外部有源噪声补偿装置的放大，以实现启动的反馈，并且所述无源电路网络(N)包括第一电阻、第二电阻和第三电阻，
其中耳机包括第一端子、第二端子和第三端子(AP14，AP15，AP16)，
其中麦克风耦合到第二端子和第三端子，受话器耦合到第一端子和第三端子，
其中第一电阻和第二电阻(R11，R12)串联连接在第一端子(AP14)和地之间，
其中第三电阻(R14)连接在第二端子(AP15)和第一电阻同第二电阻(R11，R12)的连接部之间。
2.一种用于连接在外部有源噪声补偿装置(LKV)和耳机之间的适配单元，具有：
无源电路网络(N)，用于提高所述外部有源噪声补偿装置的放大率和用于将放大后的信号输出给耳机，
其中所述无源电路网络(N)被设计来使用所述外部有源噪声补偿装置的放大，以实现启动的反馈，并且所述无源电路网络(N)包括第一电阻、第二电阻和第三电阻，
其中耳机包括麦克风以及至少一个受话器，并且包括第一端子、第二端子和第三端子(AP14，AP15，AP16)，
其中麦克风耦合到第二端子和第三端子，受话器耦合到第一端子和第三端子，
其中第一电阻和第二电阻(R11，R12)串联连接在第一端子(AP14)和地之间，
其中第三电阻(R14)连接在第二端子(AP15)和第一电阻同第二电阻(R11，R12)的连接部之间。
CN2006800153956A 2005-04-07 2006-04-07 用于连接至外部有源噪声补偿装置的耳机 Expired - Fee Related CN101171880B (zh)

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DE102005016204A DE102005016204A1 (de) 2005-04-07 2005-04-07 Kopfhörer zum Anschluss an eine externe aktive Lärmkompensationsvorrichtung
DE102005016204.5 2005-04-07
PCT/EP2006/003164 WO2006105974A1 (de) 2005-04-07 2006-04-07 Kopfhörer zum anschluss an eine externe aktive lärmkompensationsvorrichtun

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CA2603874A1 (en) 2006-10-12
DE102005016204A1 (de) 2006-10-12
CA2603874C (en) 2012-06-12
US8243942B2 (en) 2012-08-14
CN101171880A (zh) 2008-04-30

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