Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, and is big at electric cleaner steel consumption amount in the prior art, and the deficiency of the not high and inconvenient maintenance of efficiency of dust collection provides a kind of steel consumption low, the multifunctional electric dust collector that efficiency of dust collection is higher and easy to maintenance.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of multifunctional electric dust collector, comprise that top one side is provided with the casing 17 that air inlet flue 10, opposite side are provided with exhaust uptake 9, these casing 17 two ends are respectively equipped with two row's electric precipitation chambers 15, air inlet flue 10 belows are provided with efficient expansion chamber 1, pre-electric precipitation chamber 8 is positioned at efficient expansion chamber 1 below, efficient expansion chamber 1 and pre-electric precipitation chamber 8 are located at the centre of described two row's electric precipitation chambers 15, and air inlet flue 10 communicates with efficient expansion chamber 1 by second airflow uniform distribution device 19; Bottom half is provided with second ash bucket, 14, the second ash buckets 14 that communicate with efficient expansion chamber 1 and pre-electric precipitation chamber 8 and communicates with 15 bottoms, electric precipitation chamber, first ash bucket 12 by normally open valve 5; First ash bucket 12 communicates with electric precipitation chamber 15 by first airflow uniform distribution device 11; 15 tops, described electric precipitation chamber are provided with blowing-out valve 6 and communicate with air-purifying chamber 7, in the air-purifying chamber 7 activated carbon are set; Described air-purifying chamber 7 communicates with exhaust uptake 9.
Further being improved to of such scheme: be provided with two rows of gathering dust 21,22 and 21,22 flexible connections of corona discharge electrode 2, two rows of gathering dust in described electric precipitation chamber 15 and the pre-electric precipitation chamber 8, corona discharge electrode 2 is arranged in the space that two rows of gathering dust surround.Described electric precipitation chamber 15 is independent mutually, is respectively equipped with blowing-out valve 6 and normally open valve 5.The top of described air-purifying chamber 7 is provided with maintenance cover plate 18.Described pre-electric precipitation chamber 8 is provided with access door up and down.
Operation principle of the present invention as shown in Figure 7, when multifunctional electric dust collector was worked, ash-laden gas entered from air inlet flue 10, behind second airflow uniform distribution device 19, enter efficient expansion chamber 1, crude particle dust is subjected to the direct sedimentation of mechanical force, plays the effect of rough dusting.Flue gas enters pre-electric precipitation chamber 8 subsequently, powder dust particle is charged, under the electric field force effect, electronegative property dust is adsorbed in row of gathering dust 21 and the row of gathering dust 22, the positively charged dust is adsorbed on the corona discharge electrode 2, and fine dust generation coalescence plays the effect of secondary electrostatic precipitation, has improved the dust-collecting efficiency of deduster.After the two-stage dedusting, dust more than 90% is captured, less than 10% dust that is not captured with air motion to second ash bucket 14, through sedimentation after normally open valve 5 enters first ash bucket 12, after evenly distributing, first airflow uniform distribution device 11 enters electric precipitation chamber 15, the dust that enters electric precipitation chamber 15 is the fine dust after charged and coalescence has taken place, become oversize grain by small-particle, reduced adhesive force, aspect is loose to be easy to deashing, has strengthened the degree of received of dust, and these dust are under the 15 internal electric field power effects of electric precipitation chamber, become to collecting to the row of gathering dust and corona discharge electrode, thereby play the 3-stage dust-removal effect.The blowing-out valve 6 of the gas that comes out from electric precipitation chamber 15 through opening enters clean room 7, highly effective active carbon absorption dioxin and other pernicious gases wherein in clean room 7, and adsorption rate can reach more than 90%.Effective absorption phase of activated carbon can be about one to two year, and the activated carbon that changes can be reused through activating and regenerating.Discharge by exhaust uptake 9 through cleaned air passes.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, architecture advances helps reducing the steel consumption amount
It is some independently little electric fields that multifunctional electric dust collector changes big electric field, changes the two sides and gathers dust to gathering dust on four sides, and the intake method that changes electric field is a vertical air inlet by horizontal air inlet.Two electric cleaners that circulation area is identical as calculated, multifunctional electric dust collector has the exhaust gas volumn disposal ability of plate horizontal type electric dust collector more than 1.5 times, can effectively reduce the steel consumption amount, only be the steel quantity consumption of plate horizontal type electric dust collector 60-70%, and one-time investment can correspondingly reduce
2, efficient expansion chamber improves dust-collecting efficiency with pre-electric precipitation chamber
The high concentration flue dust will certainly cause the equipment design too huge if directly enter electric cleaner.Simultaneously, high concentrate dust also may cause the corona blocking of electric field, directly influences dust-collecting efficiency.
The dust granularity if can not obtain the enough charged time, can not produce the grit coalescence less than the fine dust of 15 μ, and the drift discharging influences dust-collecting efficiency with the wind.
In the middle of two row's electric fields of multifunctional electric dust collector, be provided with efficient expansion chamber and pre-electric dust chamber, be equivalent to the series connection of two-stage electric precipitation chamber.After flue dust efficient expansion chamber of process and the pre-electric dust chamber, dust-collecting efficiency can reach more than 90%.Only, can alleviate electric field pressure greatly less than 10% dust concentration that enters the electric precipitation electric field.
The flue dust that is not captured mostly is the fine dust after charged greatly.Pre-being provided with of electric precipitation chamber increased electric field length, and fine dust is 14-20 second in the time of staying of electric field, has enough to make fine grit produce the time of coalescence, becomes oversize grain by small-particle.Reduced adhesive force, aspect is loose to be easy to deashing, has strengthened the degree of received of dust, helps improving dust-collecting efficiency.
3, electric field is evenly powerful, and the row's of gathering dust current density is guaranteed in the corona free blind area
The passage that gathers dust of multifunctional electric dust collector is square for the four sides, and each passage is provided with corona wire, and the corona wire section is " rice " font, and eight point discharges are arranged.Can both produce evenly powerful corona current from all directions,, guarantee that the row's of gathering dust current density is in optimal values to going up the corona free blind area down.
4, mechanical vibrator and pressure gas blowout blowing-out ash system are avoided " reentrainment of dust "
In multifunctional electric dust collector, the purge mode that the row of gathering dust and corona discharge electrode soot cleaning system have adopted advanced " mechanical vibrator " to combine with " the pressure gas blowout is blown ": promptly behind the mechanical vibrator deashing, regularly or regularly adopt the pressure gas blowout to blow, remove dust stratification on dust collector pole and the corona discharge electrode, make deashing more thoroughly, totally, help keeping excellent conducting performance, guarantee that electric cleaner remains at the best state that gathers dust.Corona discharge electrode adopts pressure gas blowout blowing-out ash to eliminate fully because many unfavorable factors that mechanical vibrator deashing or electromagnetic rapping deashing bring.
And the soot cleaning system of multifunctional electric dust collector, adopt the purge mode of unique " locellus take turns blowing-out rapping " and " locellus take turns the gas blowout of blowing-out pressure blow ": i.e. each independent electric precipitation chamber, can both under the state of blowing-out fully, carry out rapping and pressure gas blowout blowing-out ash, eliminated what is called " reentrainment of dust " phenomenon that the plate horizontal type electric dust collector causes because of vibration dust-cleaning, avoid repeating acting, improved dust-collecting efficiency.
The deashing system of multifunctional electric dust collector is very flexible and adjustable, and it can be according to emission behaviour, regulates rapping blanking time and winding-up blanking time, or by changing the effective measures such as size of beater, realizes the adjustable of deashing system.Rapping apparatus all is arranged on outside the housing, convenient maintenance.
5, has the function of eliminating other pernicious gases such as dioxin
Contain multiple pernicious gas in the flue gas, common plate electric cleaner for sleeping in can only remove dust in flue gas, and can't remove other pernicious gases.
Remove these pernicious gas effective ways at present and adopt the absorption method mostly, in the inlet flue duct of deduster or desulfurization reaction tower, spray powdery or granule activated carbon.Pernicious gas, is collected by sack cleaner in activated carbon surface by absorption.Activated carbon absorption amount is poor under the bad working environments situation, and the absorption amount can only reach 20-30% usually.And a large amount of activated carbon can't reclaiming, makes operating cost increase.
Multifunctional electric dust collector has the function that removes dioxin and other pernicious gases.The top design of each electric precipitation chamber air-purifying chamber, (this activated carbon obtains the high new product of national inventing patent, and the absorption amount can be up to 800-1000g/kg) to be provided with activated carbon with efficient absorption amount in the air-purifying chamber.When slowing down through air-purifying chamber through the gas behind the high-effective dust-removing, pernicious gas is by the active-carbon efficient absorption, and the absorption rate can reach more than 90%.Effective absorption phase of activated carbon can be about one to two year, and the activated carbon that changes can be reused through activating and regenerating.
6, easy to maintenance, can overhaul, clear up or change plate, line immediately
The top of each electric precipitation chamber of multifunctional electric dust collector all is provided with the maintenance top cover, can carry out under situation about not stopping production during maintenance.As long as close the blowing-out valve and the power switch of each electric field in turn, just can overhaul, clear up or change the row of gathering dust and the corona discharge electrode of each electric field.Maintenance under the situation that does not influence production, safeguard and to prolong its service life by electric cleaner, can guarantee for a long time that again electric cleaner is in optimal operational condition all the time.
7, engineering adaptability is strong
The plate horizontal type electric dust collector is subjected to the restriction of height, wide, length direction size, and high, wide usually ratio is≤1.5: 1 scope, lengthwise dimension also have certain requirement, otherwise can be because the narrow cause influence electric precipitator performance in place.
Multifunctional electric dust collector has changeable flexibly, and this is because all there is changeability flexibly each independent electric precipitation chamber and pre-electric precipitation chamber, can will not therefore influence equipment performance according to the place situation flexible topology of reality.Therefore, can be adapted to various improvement projects, or the needs of the narrow engineering in place.
The specific embodiment
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, multifunctional electric dust collector casing 17 1 sides of the present invention are provided with air inlet flue 10, one side of air inlet flue 10 correspondences is provided with exhaust uptake 9, and air inlet flue 10 belows are provided with efficient expansion chamber 1 and pre-electric precipitation chamber 8, and pre-electric precipitation chamber 8 is located at efficient expansion chamber 1 bottom.Air inlet flue 10 communicates with expansion chamber 1 by second airflow uniform distribution device 19.The setting of second airflow uniform distribution device 19 is the import flue gas evenly.In very short time, can make flue gas obtain entering after full and uniform efficient expansion chamber 1 and pre-electric precipitation chamber 8, help efficient sedimentation and gather dust.Efficient expansion chamber 1 and pre-8 both sides, electric precipitation chamber are respectively equipped with some electric precipitations chamber 15, independent mutually between the electric precipitation chamber 15, the top of each electric precipitation chamber 15 is provided with blowing-out valve 6 and communicates with air-purifying chamber 7, activated carbon with efficient absorption rate (this activated carbon obtains the high new product of national inventing patent, absorption amount can up to 800-1000g/kg) is set in the air-purifying chamber 7.Air-purifying chamber 7 communicates with exhaust uptake 9.The top of air-purifying chamber 7 is provided with the maintenance cover plate 18 of sealing, opens maintenance cover plate 18 and can regularly replace activated carbon and directly clear up or overhaul 15 inside, electric precipitation chamber.Below each electric precipitation chamber 15, grid type first airflow uniform distribution device 11 is installed, makes the flue gas rising that evenly distributes; The lower side of each electric precipitation chamber 15 is equipped with normally open valve 5, keeps normally open during normally open valve 5 operations, closes during maintenance.Efficient expansion chamber 1 and pre-electric precipitation chamber 8 are provided with access door up and down, convenient maintenance.
As shown in Figure 4, be respectively equipped with the row of gathering dust 21 in pre-electric precipitation chamber 8 and the electric precipitation chamber 15, the activity of the row of gathering dust 22, two rows of gathering dust surrounds permeability type criss-cross exhaust gases passes, can adopt and manage curtain formula structure, also can adopt plank frame.The movable connection of two rows of gathering dust helps vibration dust-cleaning.This structure has good air-flow uniform function voluntarily, and the location hangs with casing 17 in the row of gathering dust, and is provided with vibration acceleration antidamping device, can guarantee vibration acceleration have enough greatly.Corona discharge electrode 2 is arranged on the criss-cross exhaust gases passes center that is surrounded by two rows of gathering dust 21,22, form by stainless steel prickle 23 and seamless steel pipe 24 (as shown in Figure 5), top is suspended on the casing 17 by erecting by overhang 16, the bottom is affixed with casing 17, have safe and reliablely, adapt to the strong and good characteristics such as vibration dust-cleaning performance of flue gas variability.As shown in Figure 6, the corona wire section is " rice " font prickle wire, whole exhaust gases passes corona free line blind area, and 8 point discharges are arranged, can produce powerful, uniform corona field.
All rapping apparatus 4 of pre-electric precipitation chamber 8 and electric precipitation chamber 15 all are arranged on casing 17 outsides, convenient for maintaining.The electric precipitation chamber also is provided with the pressure gas blowout and blows system 3, and it mainly comprises gas bag, electronic valve, winding-up pipe (not shown), and jetting pressure is about 0.25-0.5MPa, and pressure gas consumption amount is about 1.5-3m
3/ min.This pressure gas blowout system of blowing mainly is big for removing adhesive force, and the fine flue dust that is difficult to remove behind mechanical vibrator is provided with.Regularly system is blown in opening pressure gas blowout regularly, removes the dust stratification on the row of gathering dust and the corona discharge electrode, keeps excellent conducting performance, has guaranteed that electric cleaner efficiently gathers dust, and has prolonged service life of equipment.
After multifunctional electric dust collector work a period of time, need be to its deashing, the present invention's purge mode that row and corona discharge electrode soot cleaning system have adopted advanced " mechanical vibrator " to combine with " the pressure gas blowout is blown " that gathers dust: promptly behind the rapping apparatus 4 mechanical vibrator deashings, calmly
The soot cleaning system of multifunctional electric dust collector, because each electric precipitation chamber is independent mutually, and independently blowing-out valve 6 and normally open valve 5 are arranged, therefore can adopt the purge mode of unique " locellus take turns blowing-out rapping " and " locellus take turns the gas blowout of blowing-out pressure blow ": promptly each independent electric precipitation chamber 15 can both be under the state of blowing-out fully, carry out rapping and pressure gas blowout blowing-out ash, eliminated what is called " reentrainment of dust " phenomenon that the plate horizontal type electric dust collector causes because of vibration dust-cleaning, avoid repeating acting, improved dust-collecting efficiency.
The deashing system of multifunctional electric dust collector is very flexible, and it can be according to emission behaviour, regulates rapping blanking time and winding-up blanking time, or by changing the effective measures such as size of beater, realizes the adjustable of deashing system.Rapping apparatus 4 all is arranged on outside the housing, convenient maintenance.
The design people is used in cement rotary kiln with two, and air quantity is 312000m
3/ h, the inlet dust concentration is 40g/m
3, the multi-functional and common plate horizontal type electric dust collector of equal specification, Technological Economy compares:
Sequence number |
Project |
The plate horizontal type electric dust collector |
Multifunctional electric dust collector |
Unit |
1 |
The smoke treatment amount |
312000 |
312000 |
m
3/h
|
2 |
Temperature |
≤250 |
≤250 |
℃ |
3 |
Flue dust inlet dust content |
40 |
40 |
g/m
3 |
4 |
The fume emission dust content |
≥50 |
30-0 |
mg/m
3 |
5 |
Purge mode |
Mechanical vibrator |
Blowing-out mechanical vibrator and pressure winding-up |
? |
6 |
Reentrainment of dust |
Have |
Do not have |
? |
6 |
Remove other harmful gas |
Do not have |
Can remove dioxin etc. has |
? |
? |
The body function |
? |
Evil gas |
? |
7 |
Maintenance mode |
Stop production to overhaul |
On-line maintenance |
? |
8 |
Floor space |
300 |
160 |
m
2 |
9 |
Weight of equipment |
372 |
200 |
t |
As can be seen from the table, several important technologies of multifunctional electric dust collector and economic indicator all are better than common plate electric cleaner for sleeping in.