CN101151459A - 防止涡流效应的工具 - Google Patents

防止涡流效应的工具 Download PDF

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CN101151459A
CN101151459A CNA2006800104288A CN200680010428A CN101151459A CN 101151459 A CN101151459 A CN 101151459A CN A2006800104288 A CNA2006800104288 A CN A2006800104288A CN 200680010428 A CN200680010428 A CN 200680010428A CN 101151459 A CN101151459 A CN 101151459A
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instrument
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何塞伊格纳西奥·略伦特冈萨雷斯
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Gamesa Eolica SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/10—Influencing flow of fluids around bodies of solid material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B21/502—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers by means of tension legs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B21/502—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers by means of tension legs
    • B63B2021/504—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers by means of tension legs comprising suppressors for vortex induced vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/912—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a tower
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/20—Geometry three-dimensional
    • F05B2250/25—Geometry three-dimensional helical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/60—Structure; Surface texture
    • F05B2250/61—Structure; Surface texture corrugated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/70—Shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于防止涡流效应的工具，其包括从塔筒(3)上端(2)螺旋形延伸的三根波纹管，从而只覆盖塔筒的上部。波纹管(1)沿塔筒(3)的长度方向限定的螺旋线螺距使用系在波纹管的每一周上的绳索(5)固定。采用放置在用于将工具固定到塔筒(3)的结构(4)上的吊架(6)提升波纹管，所述结构包括形成X形的三个T形截面的型材，X形具有固定到其终端的扇形件(9)。此外，四个支柱(14)焊接到上述扇形件，且波纹管缠绕在所述支柱上。

Description

防止涡流效应的工具
技术领域
本发明的主题是当塔筒的机舱在安装或修理工作期间临时地移走时，用于防止涡流效应的工具，其由三个波纹管组成，波纹管沿塔筒的末尾部分螺旋形地延伸。一旦安放到位，使用用于延伸波纹管的绳索将每一个波纹管固定到地面或塔筒的底部。
背景技术
在受到以振动形式出现的流体环流的影响的构造上，涡流效应是产生涡流的原因。该效应由风的冲击导致，并特别影响由于整修和装配工作而不具有机舱时的塔筒的末尾部分。
在这些场合，振动可能与塔筒的自然频率一致，因此放大了结构的振动以致危及塔筒本身。
比较已有专利与本发明的主题可知有无数种方法处理涡流效应问题，但是所研究的专利中没有一项是基于使用临时工具。从对技术现状的研究中可得最相关的专利如下：
专利US4180369号公开了在塔筒自身上的螺旋形刚性金属条，其没有提供移除的选择并使塔筒自身的制造更昂贵。
专利WO9819018号使用固定到需要保护的元件的柔性材料改进了上述专利。主要的区别是这些螺旋状物设计为在水下工作。
专利JP2000265708号公开了由环状物固定并安置在塔筒周围的大量杆状物。
最后，专利US3581449号为塔筒装配了环状物和突出的元件，专利GB2362938号具有半球形的突出元件，以及专利US4059129安装了不同形状的板状体。
从上述内容应当理解以上所分析的专利中没有一个类似于本发明主题的防止涡流效应的工具，由于所述工具从风力涡轮机塔筒的上部放下波纹管从而使波纹管螺旋形地延伸，所以也可以得出结论所述工具有新颖性，因为该方法是将该工具结构固定到塔筒并紧固所述工具的延伸部分，还因为该方法是在塔筒没有安装机舱期间使用的临时方案。
发明内容
如果风力涡轮机的塔筒由于维护或装配任务没有安装机舱，必须考虑可能破坏塔筒结构的特定因素。该因素是横向流动的涡流引起的振动的影响，以及如果其中风的激励频率与塔筒振动的自然频率一致，可能出现大范围的振动，从而导致塔筒受到的疲劳应力增加。
为了避免涡流效应和降低故障的风险，已经设计了一种工具，安装后其能阻断涡流的生成，因此防止所述涡流加入到塔筒自身的频率。
该工具由波纹管结构组成，波纹管结构使用锚定系统固定在塔筒的顶部，并随后以所述工具包裹在塔筒的末尾部分周围的方式延伸。用四根绳索延伸波纹管。为了防止波纹管突然掉落，两个操作员从塔筒的底部拉动绳索，同时另一个操作员逐渐释放在塔筒顶部的提升系统吊架。
绳索影响由沿塔筒上部的波纹管限定的螺旋线螺距，绳索系在波纹管的每一周上。每一个波纹管的螺距是P，三个一组的波纹管形成的螺距是P/3。
工具通过覆盖塔筒外面的结构固定到塔筒，并通过利用用于固定机舱的孔紧固在塔筒上部。
通过将绳索固定到地面或塔筒的底部防止管状结构的任何移动。最终，一旦波纹管的螺旋状形成并固定，用帆布覆盖该工具，帆布采用传统的方法固定到凸缘的孔上。
附图说明
图1是安装在塔筒顶部的工具的总图，该工具具有三个在所述塔筒上延伸的波纹管。
图2是收回和缠绕时的本发明防止涡流效应的工具。
图3是用于将工具固定到塔筒的结构及上述塔筒的凸缘。
具体实施方式
如附图所示，用于防止涡流效应的工具包括波纹管结构1，其通过锚定结构4固定到塔筒3的上部2，并螺旋形地延伸以在塔筒3的末尾部分周围形成环绕。
该工具具有两个机构：一个用于收回波纹管，另一个用于延伸波纹管。波纹管延伸机构优选由四根绳索构成，绳索紧固到支架。波纹管提升机构由缠绕在位于锚定结构4的中心的吊架6上的三根缆绳7构成。
利用四根绳索5操控波纹管1，延伸这四根绳索并将其系在波纹管的每一周上，以将绳索最终固定在塔筒3的底部，从而沿同一塔筒固定螺旋线的螺距。
一个操作员释放吊架6，同时在地面上的其他操作员操纵绳索，从而波纹管1在塔筒3上以正确的螺旋形式延伸。工具在塔筒3上按照正确的螺旋线螺距延伸能更有效地实施所述工具的抗涡流作用。每一个波纹管在每一周上系有绳索以确保当波纹管延伸时形成螺旋状。由于有三个不同的波纹管，每一个波纹管的螺距是由一组波纹管形成的螺距的三倍。
用于提升波纹管的三根缆绳7缠绕在吊架6上，每一根缆绳穿过滑轮，相差120度布置，并通过圆环固定到每一部分上的波纹管。在收回期间，最后的波纹管推起上面的波纹管，一直到提升操作完成，在所述提升缆绳7以这样方式穿过上面部分的圆环后，系到波纹管的末尾部分，如图2所示。
在图3中，该工具利用锚定结构4固定到塔筒3，锚定结构跨塔筒上端2的塔筒3的直径，并利用塔筒的孔中的传统的锚定固定装置，如其固定机舱那样紧固锚定结构。
工具锚定结构4优选由四个金属材料的扇形件9构成，扇形件由一个T形截面型材10和长度是第一个T形截面型材10的一半的两个T形截面型材11连接，所述两个T形截面型材11在中心由加强星状物连接。
利用穿过工具上部的孔8并紧固到塔筒上部的孔的螺钉将该工具固定到塔筒，塔筒使用同样的孔(图中未示出)固定机舱。
锚固结构4的支柱14焊接到每一个扇形件，所述支柱具有曲面的外形，波纹管1缠绕其上。

Claims (8)

1.用于防止涡流效应的工具，由在塔筒(3)周围螺旋形延伸的元件构成，所述原件从塔筒的一端开始并覆盖其一部分，其特征在于所述工具由三根波纹管(1)构成，波纹管以螺旋线的形式从塔筒的上部(2)延伸，缠绕在塔筒(3)的末尾部分周围，优选使用固定在波纹管的每一周上的四根绳索(5)延伸波纹管，为了形成螺旋线螺距，在波纹管之间留出松弛的绳索，所有的绳索系在位于塔筒上部(2)的锚定结构(4)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于防止涡流效应的工具，其特征在于提升沿塔筒(3)延伸的波纹管(1)的缆绳由位于锚定结构(4)中心的吊架(6)操纵，锚定结构(4)将所述工具固定到塔筒(3)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于防止涡流效应的工具，其特征在于利用四根绳索(5)在塔筒(3)周围延伸波纹管(1)，从波纹管最终固定到的塔筒(3)底部引导和操作波纹管。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于防止涡流效应的工具，其特征在于所述工具利用位于塔筒(3)上端(2)的锚定结构(4)固定到塔筒(3)，并利用用于紧固机舱的孔中的传统锚定固定装置紧固到所述塔筒(3)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于防止涡流效应的工具，其特征在于用于将所述工具固定到塔筒(3)的锚定结构(4)优选包括四个扇形件(9)，扇形件优选由金属制造并由三个T形截面型材(10和11)连接，T形截面型材在锚定结构(4)的中心由加强星状物(12)固定。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于防止涡流效应的工具，其特征在于曲面支柱(14)焊接到锚固结构(4)上的每一个扇形件(9)，波纹管(1)收回时缠绕在所述支柱上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于防止涡流效应的工具，其特征在于所述工具是在安装或修理操作的特定期间塔筒(3)没有机舱时的临时方案。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于防止涡流效应的工具，其特征在于一旦形成螺旋状且所述工具固定到塔筒(3)，其由固定到凸缘的孔的帆布覆盖。
CN2006800104288A 2005-04-05 2006-03-28 防止涡流效应的工具 Expired - Fee Related CN101151459B (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104454392A (zh) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-25 西门子公司 风轮机的塔架的运输
CN105673351A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-15 西门子公司 用于风力涡轮机塔架的箍条
TWI797349B (zh) * 2018-06-27 2023-04-01 丹麥商維斯塔斯風力系統有限公司 預組裝系統及用於塔結構之最適定位的方法

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CN105673351A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-15 西门子公司 用于风力涡轮机塔架的箍条
CN105673351B (zh) * 2014-12-04 2019-06-18 西门子公司 用于风力涡轮机塔架的箍条
TWI797349B (zh) * 2018-06-27 2023-04-01 丹麥商維斯塔斯風力系統有限公司 預組裝系統及用於塔結構之最適定位的方法

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