CN101147454B - treatment method of flying-batt of poplar and willow - Google Patents
treatment method of flying-batt of poplar and willow Download PDFInfo
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- CN101147454B CN101147454B CN2007101771425A CN200710177142A CN101147454B CN 101147454 B CN101147454 B CN 101147454B CN 2007101771425 A CN2007101771425 A CN 2007101771425A CN 200710177142 A CN200710177142 A CN 200710177142A CN 101147454 B CN101147454 B CN 101147454B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method for controlling pollution due to willow catkins flying in the air. It is characterized by adopting tree trunk injection method to inject chemicals. Said method includes the following steps: preparing inhibitor, boring tree trunk and injecting inhibitor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the application of biochemical reagents aspect urban landscaping biological pollution improvement, be specifically related to the improvement method that a kind of willow willow catkins flying in the air pollute.
Background technology
Willow and willow have that annidation is wide, resistance and vitality is strong, fast growth, breeding easily, tree big, the tree-like grace of height and plurality of advantages such as the area that shades is big, afforestation effect is good, become the key seeds of urban afforestation, field safeguarding forest construction, road and riverbank greening etc.
Since the establishment of the nation, particularly the 60 to 70's a large amount of willows of in the northern city of China, having planted, the city trees and shrubs view that improves Chinese northern urban ecological environment and form distinct characteristic has been brought into play irreplaceable effect.
But because historical reasons, wherein closely half willow and most of willow are female plant, these willows and willow many places are in the mature stage at present, annual spring, continue nearly willow catkins flying in the air that danced in the air all over the sky in month and cause serious biological pollution, urban ecological environment construction and city good for habitation's construction are brought certain negative effect to The Surroundings in Cities.
Though can by adopt willow staminiferous plant or other kind plant substitute willow catkins flying in the air the willow female plant, with the willow female plant become the willow staminiferous plant willow high position grafting technology, spray willow female inflorescence thinning agent and remove method such as the female fringe of willow and administer the pollution problem of willow willow catkins flying in the air.
But all there is bigger defective in these three kinds of methods in application in practice, limited the large scale application of three kinds of methods.For example, the willow of large tracts of land replacement in a short time female plant brings the loss that can't estimate for the urban afforestation cause, seriously reduces the ecological benefits of urban afforestation; The willow high position grafting method initial stage is bigger to greening and the landscape effect destruction of trees, need behind the willow high position grafting recover original greening and landscape effect through 2～3 years ability, and willow is unsuitable for being used for high position grafting; Willow female inflorescence thinning agent can only be used to administer the willow willow catkins flying in the air, can not be used to administer the willow willow catkins flying in the air, and only is about 70% to the preventive effect of willow willow catkins flying in the air.Because willow especially willow tree height is big, traditional spray method is difficult to soup is sprayed cloth uniformly on willow tree body, influences control efficiency,
Therefore, also do not have at present a kind of simple and easy to do, cost is lower, product and the method all good to willow willow catkins flying in the air pollution effects.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the improvement method that a kind of willow willow catkins flying in the air simple and easy to do, that cost is lower, effective pollute.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, the improvement method that a kind of willow willow catkins flying in the air of the present invention pollute comprises the steps:
(1) inhibitor preparation: will comprise the former medicine of gibberellin, methyl, indolebutyric acid, earlier with the cosolvent dissolving, and add water again and make the aqueous solution;
(2) trunk punching: in the punching of trunk 0.2～1.8m place, as injection orifice;
(3) drug injection.
Described former medicine: cosolvent: water is 1: 5～20: 1～200, preferably former medicine: cosolvent: water is 1: 10: 40.
Described former cartridge bag is drawn together: the gibberellin of 0.5～1.0 weight portion is that the methyl of 0.01～0.3 weight portion is the indolebutyric acid of 0.01～0.2 weight portion; Preferably 0.6 weight part gibberellin, the methyl of 0.3 weight portion, the indolebutyric acid of 0.1 weight portion.
The concentration of described cosolvent is 75～99% ethanol or acetone.
Described step (3) is specially:
The inhibitor of the configuration of step (1) is added in the high pressure trunk injection machine, fill it up with back sealing bottleneck, get rid of the air in the high pressure trunk injection machine then;
Behind the through bottom of injection head insertion injection orifice with high pressure trunk injection machine, when stirring injection head seal operation handle and begin the compression seal cushion rubber, fuselage is withdrawed from 1～2mm, the top that makes injection head is from injection orifice bottom 1～2mm, till stirring injection head seal operation handle soup when injecting with hand and not overflowing;
Grip the injection handle, outwards pull out the injection handle, enforce the injection handle then downwards and be a shot on earth, determine frequency injection according to the injection dose;
After the injection release, the 30～60s that pauses to guarantee that soup better infiltrates, prevents overflow of drug fluid.If the soup outflow is serious, suitably augment frequency injection.Pull out injection head seal operation handle then, depressurization withdraws from high pressure trunk injection machine from injection orifice then.If can not pull out injection head once, fixing high pressure trunk injection machine pushes away high pressure trunk injection machine injection head once in the hole and to withdraw from, otherwise can cause injection head crooked and fracture.
The willow diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is that 15～20cm makes a call to 2 injection orifices, makes a call to 3 injection orifices when being 20～50cm, is that 50～75cm makes a call to 4 injection orifices, is that to make a call to 5 injection orifices be that 90cm is above to 75～90cm makes a call to 6 injection orifices in the step of the present invention (2).Each injection orifice preferably is evenly distributed in diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground location about.Preferably stagger up and down between injection orifice and the injection orifice and be not on the same horizontal line.
The degree of depth of injection orifice of the present invention is the 2～2.5cm that enters xylem.Boring is difficult for too dark, just all enters xylem with high pressure trunk injection secret sealing circle and is advisable.When too shallow, cause xylem to separate during pressurization easily with phloem; When too dark, medicament residual in injection orifice is more, when withdrawing from the medicament outflow more, cause the medicament waste.Injection orifice of the present invention is positioned at trunk major branch below, and according to the standard of the dosage of 0.5～1.5g/25cm willow diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground the medicament that dilution configures is on average injected each injection orifice around the even distribution of trunk.
Improvement method of the present invention, the injection medicament time is that willow begins before the willow catkins flying in the air 45d and begins 50d behind the willow catkins flying in the air to willow, annual injection is once.
Punching can be selected punching utensil commonly used for use in the step of the present invention (2), preferably can adopt electric drill or puncher with the drill bit that mates with high pressure trunk injection machine.
The used instrument of injection medicament of the present invention can be the instrument of using always of drug injection being gone into injection orifice, and the preferred injection device of the present invention is a high pressure trunk injection machine.
Move handle to maximum during per injection, shift bottom position again onto,, otherwise cause the injection drug quantity not sufficient, influence control efficiency with the medication of assurance capacity.And during injection medicament, when enforcing handle downwards, action as far as possible at the uniform velocity can not be too violent too soon, otherwise reaction force can make high pressure trunk injection machine rock.
But when adding medicament as described in the present invention, must be prudent during dosing in high pressure trunk injection machine, prevent that soup from overflowing.The injecting liquid drug amount can be according to the tree crown size increase and decrease of willow.Closeer as the willow plantation, tree crown is less, can reduce the injection amount as one sees fit; Willow is isolated planting, and tree crown is bigger, can increase the injection amount as one sees fit.
If the willow that trunk is thicker more because of the harm worm channel of moth dryness insect, need examine before the boring, do not having the position boring of worm channel, otherwise the soup outflow is serious during injection as far as possible.
The improvement method that a kind of willow willow catkins flying in the air of the present invention pollute has following beneficial effect: the inventive method has poisoning simple to operate, with low cost, pollution-free, no, advantage such as effective.The willow catkins flying in the air that solved the annual generation in spring of willow female plant pollute the problem of urban environment, increase the tree vigo(u)r of willow female plant simultaneously, make its growth more vigorous.This method at diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground position by the size of the willow body hole that drills through varying number with the supporting drill bit of high pressure trunk injection machine, adopt injecting method that injecting liquid drug is set in the body to willow then, soup can be diffused into each position of setting body uniformly with the transpiration of trees, has guaranteed control efficiency.Simultaneously, adopt the injection of trunk injection method, soup can not be lost in the environment, can not cause environmental pollution, and has farthest saved reagent cost.Willow also is not used in edible, and therefore improvement method of the present invention belongs to ecological environment-friendly type.Adopt the efficient of preventing and treating of the improvement method of willow willow catkins flying in the air pollution of the present invention to reach 90～100%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for pressing the willow female plant of the former medicine of 1.0g/25cm diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground injection inhibitor;
Fig. 2 is contrast willow female plant;
Fig. 3 is for pressing the willow female plant of the former medicine of 1.0g/25cm diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground injection inhibitor;
Fig. 4 is contrast willow female plant.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground that present embodiment is selected for use is the Chinese white poplar of 15～20cm, and 45d injection inhibitor is in Chinese white poplar before Chinese white poplar begins willow catkins flying in the air, and the annual injection of step is once as follows:
(1) inhibitor preparation:,, add the dilution of 2000ml water then and make the aqueous solution earlier with 500ml 95% ethanol hydrotropy with gibberellin 30g, methyl 15g, indolebutyric acid 5g;
(2) trunk punching: adopt the drill bit that mates with high pressure trunk injection machine, electricity consumption is drilled in trunk 0.2～1.8m place and evenly makes a call to 2 injection orifices around the trunk diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.The degree of depth of injection orifice is the 2cm that enters xylem.
(3) drug injection:
Add medicament: the inhibitor solution that step (1) is configured adds in the high pressure trunk injection machine, and sealing bottleneck, wiping body are got rid of the air in the high pressure trunk injection machine then;
Inject and sealing: after the injection head of high pressure trunk injection machine was inserted the through bottom of injection orifice, when stirring injection head seal operation handle and begin the compression seal cushion rubber, left hand withdrawed from fuselage from 1mm, and the top that makes injection head is from injection orifice bottom 2mm;
Injection medicament: grip the injection handle, outwards pull out the injection handle, enforce handle then downwards to high pressure trunk injection motor spindle;
Withdraw from: after the injection release, pause 30s pulls out injection head seal operation handle, and depressurization steadily withdraws from high pressure trunk injection machine from injection orifice then, and injection medicament is finished for the first time.
Repeating step (3) repeatedly finally makes the standard of the amount of injection medicament by the former medicine of 0.8g/25cm Chinese white poplar diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground injection dose, and the medicament that dilution is configured on average injects each injection orifice.
Medicament is now with the current, separates out otherwise crystallization can occur after the ethanol volatilization, and single-set operation is advisable with each preparation 50 grams.The soup for preparing should have been annotated in 2 hours.
What embodiment adopted is 6HZ-1015 type high pressure trunk injection machine.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is chosen the weeping willow that the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 20～50cm, inhibitor of the annual injection of 50d after weeping willow begins willow catkins flying in the air, and the injecting method step is as follows:
(1) inhibitor preparation:,, add the dilution of 5000ml water then and make the aqueous solution earlier with 1100ml 75% ethanol hydrotropy with gibberellin 25g, methyl 15g, indolebutyric acid 10g;
(2) trunk punching: adopt the drill bit that mates with high pressure trunk injection machine, electricity consumption is drilled in trunk 0.2～1.8m place and evenly makes a call to 3 injection orifices around the trunk diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.The degree of depth of injection orifice is the 2.5cm that enters xylem.
(3) drug injection:
Add medicament: the liquid medicine that step (1) is configured adds in the high pressure trunk injection machine, fills it up with back sealing bottleneck, wiping body, gets rid of the air in the high pressure trunk injection machine then;
Inject and sealing: after the injection head of high pressure trunk injection machine was inserted the through bottom of injection orifice, when stirring injection head seal operation handle and begin the compression seal cushion rubber, left hand withdrawed from fuselage from 2mm, and the top that makes injection head is from injection orifice bottom 1mm;
Injection medicament: grip the injection handle, outwards pull out the injection handle, enforce handle then downwards to high pressure trunk injection motor spindle;
Withdraw from: after the injection release, pause 60s pulls out injection head seal operation handle, and depressurization steadily withdraws from high pressure trunk injection machine from injection orifice then, and injection medicament finishes for the first time.
Repeating step (3) repeatedly finally makes the standard of the amount of injection medicament by the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground injection dose of the vertical poplar of the former medicine/25cm of 1.5g, and the medicament that dilution is configured on average injects each injection orifice.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is chosen the Chinese white poplar that the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 55～70cm, begins inhibitor of the annual injection of willow catkins flying in the air 10d in Chinese white poplar, and the method step of injection is as follows:
(1) inhibitor preparation:,, add the dilution of 10000ml water then and make the aqueous solution earlier with 750ml 80% acetone hydrotropy with gibberellin 35g, methyl 10g, indolebutyric acid 5g;
(2) trunk punching: adopt the drill bit that mates with high pressure trunk injection machine, electricity consumption is drilled in trunk 0.2～1.8m and evenly makes a call to 4 injection orifices around the trunk diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.
All the other steps are with embodiment 1.Finally make the standard of the amount of injection medicament by the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground injection dose of the former medicine of 0.9g/25cm Chinese white poplar, the medicament that dilution is configured on average injects each injection orifice.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiment is chosen the Chinese white poplar that the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 76～90cm, 20d before Chinese white poplar begins willow catkins flying in the air, and inhibitor of annual injection, the method step of injection is as follows:
(1) inhibitor preparation: with gibberellin 50g, methyl 0.5g, indolebutyric acid 0.5g, with 510ml 99% ethanol hydrotropy, solution is made in the water dilution that adds 1000ml then, is used to prevent and treat the pollution of willow willow catkins flying in the air.
(2) trunk punching: adopt the drill bit that mates with high pressure trunk injection machine, electricity consumption is drilled in trunk 0.2～1.8m and evenly makes a call to 5 injection orifices around the trunk diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.
All the other steps are with embodiment 1, and the amount that finally makes injection medicament is by the former medicine of 1.3g/25cm Chinese white poplar diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground standard, and the medicament that dilution is configured on average injects each injection orifice.
Embodiment 5
It is the above weeping willow of 91cm that present embodiment is chosen the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, 10d after weeping willow begins willow catkins flying in the air, and inhibitor of annual injection, the method step of injection is as follows:
(1) inhibitor preparation:,, add the dilution of 5000ml water then and make the aqueous solution earlier with 1000ml99% ethanol hydrotropy with gibberellin 25g, methyl 15g, indolebutyric acid 20g;
(2) trunk punching: adopt the drill bit that mates with high pressure trunk injection machine, electricity consumption is drilled in trunk 0.5～1.8m and evenly makes a call to 6 injection orifices around the trunk diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.
All the other are with embodiment 2.Finally make the standard of the amount of injection medicament by the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground injection dose of the former medicine of 0.9g/25cm Chinese white poplar, the medicament that dilution is configured on average injects each injection orifice.
Test example 1
The Chinese white poplar of selecting the Beijing area for use is a subjects, adopt injecting method of the present invention, according to embodiment 1 described inhibitor compound method, the inhibitor that configures is injected in the Chinese white poplar that the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 20～55cm in date of test as described in Table 1, next year observes inhibitor the control that the Chinese white poplar willow catkins flying in the air pollute be the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: the Chinese white poplar willow catkins flying in the air pollute prevents and treats the result
*
* annotate: test injection is 2004, and the experimental observation result is data on April 10th～15,2005.
As can be seen from Table 1, by injection system the former medicine of 0.9～1.3g/25cm diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground inhibitor is applied to the control that the weeping willow willow catkins flying in the air pollute, inhibiting rate is 90～100%, simultaneously from result of the test also as can be seen, the time of injection medicament is more remarkable in preceding 45 days of Chinese white poplar willow catkins flying in the air effect between 30 days to the willow catkins flying in the air.
Test example 2
The weeping willow of selecting the Beijing area for use is a subjects, adopt injecting method of the present invention, according to embodiment 1 described inhibitor compound method, the inhibitor that configures is injected in the weeping willow that the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 20～55cm in date of test as described in Table 2, next year observes inhibitor the control that the weeping willow willow catkins flying in the air pollute be the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: the weeping willow willow catkins flying in the air pollute prevents and treats the result
*
* annotate: test injection is 2004, and the experimental observation result is data on April 10th～15,2005.
As can be seen from Table 2, by injection system the former medicine of 0.9～1.3g/25cm diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground inhibitor is applied to the control that the willow willow catkins flying in the air pollute, inhibiting rate is 90%～100%.Simultaneously from result of the test also as can be seen, the time of injection medicament is more remarkable in preceding 45 days of weeping willow willow catkins flying in the air effect between 30 days to the willow catkins flying in the air.
Claims (15)
1. the improvement method that the willow willow catkins flying in the air pollute comprises the steps:
(1) inhibitor preparation: will comprise gibberellin, 0.01～0.3 weight portion of 0.5～1.0 weight portion methyl, 0.01～0.2 weight portion indolebutyric acid former medicine, earlier with the cosolvent dissolving, add water again and make the aqueous solution;
(2) trunk punching: punching is as injection orifice below the trunk major branch;
(3) drug injection.
2. improvement method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described former medicine: cosolvent: water is 1: 5～20: 1～200, and the proportioning unit of wherein said three kinds of materials is: g: mL: mL.
3. as the arbitrary described improvement method of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that cosolvent is that concentration is 75%～99% ethanol or acetone.
4. improvement method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described step (2) is that injection orifice punches at trunk 0.2～1.8m place, and evenly distributes around trunk.
5. improvement method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that described step (2) is: the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is that 15～20cm makes a call to 2 injection orifices, is that 21～50cm makes a call to 3 injection orifices, is that 51～75cm makes a call to 4 injection orifices, is that 76～90cm makes a call to 5 injection orifices, makes a call to 6 injection orifices for 90cm is above.
6. as claim 1-2 or the arbitrary described improvement method of 4-5, it is characterized in that the degree of depth of described injection orifice is the 2～2.5cm that enters xylem.
7. as claim 1-2 or the arbitrary described improvement method of 4-5, it is characterized in that the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of every 25cm willow is injected former medicine 0.5～1.5g.
8. improvement method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of every 25cm willow is injected former medicine 0.5～1.5g.
9. as claim 1-2 or the arbitrary described improvement method of 4-5, it is characterized in that the injection medicament time is that willow begins before the willow catkins flying in the air 45d and begins 50d behind the willow catkins flying in the air to willow, annual injection once.
10. improvement method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the injection medicament time is that willow begins before the willow catkins flying in the air 45d and begins 50d behind the willow catkins flying in the air to willow, and annual injection once.
11. improvement method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the injection medicament time is that willow begins before the willow catkins flying in the air 45d and begins 50d behind the willow catkins flying in the air to willow, and annual injection once.
12., it is characterized in that the used instrument of injection medicament is a high pressure trunk injection machine as claim 1-2 or the arbitrary described improvement method of 4-5.
13. improvement method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the used instrument of injection medicament is a high pressure trunk injection machine.
14. improvement method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the used instrument of injection medicament is a high pressure trunk injection machine.
15. improvement method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, the used instrument of injection medicament is a high pressure trunk injection machine.
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Families Citing this family (8)
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| CN103772006B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-03-25 | 太原市园林植物保护站 | Flower/seed forcing conglutinated particle rappelling agent for willow catkins flying in the air |
| CN106069250B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-04-26 | 李健 | A kind of device and method for administering poplar wadding |
| CN108811885A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-16 | 广东知识城运营服务有限公司 | A kind of willow filling gun |
| CN111543206B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-11-23 | 南京蜂瑞生物科技有限公司 | Method for treating sycamore floe |
| CN112674101B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-03-08 | 四川省新兰月生物科技有限公司 | Pesticide composition for inhibiting catkin |
| CN113475262A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-10-08 | 驭农科技(浙江)有限公司 | Medicament for inhibiting poplar, willow and sycamore catkin and use method thereof |
| CN113317318A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-31 | 南京绿途生物科技有限公司 | Pill for preventing and treating plant floating wadding |
| CN114847299A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-05 | 大秦铁路股份有限公司侯马北供电段 | Formula and use method of hazardous tree treatment agent for electrified railway line |
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