CN101142885B - High-efficient selenium-rich method for sea water vegetable - Google Patents
High-efficient selenium-rich method for sea water vegetable Download PDFInfo
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- CN101142885B CN101142885B CN2007101347461A CN200710134746A CN101142885B CN 101142885 B CN101142885 B CN 101142885B CN 2007101347461 A CN2007101347461 A CN 2007101347461A CN 200710134746 A CN200710134746 A CN 200710134746A CN 101142885 B CN101142885 B CN 101142885B
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Abstract
A high-efficient selenium-enriched method for the seawater vegetables belongs to the selenium-enriched technical field of the agriculture. The present invention adopts a D-saturation optimization design and adopts seawater vegetables such as ocean asparagus and ocean chard, which are grown on the ground, as the raw materials. At the preliminary period of harvesting the seawater vegetables, the vegetables is undertaken the selenium-enriched treatment. During the treatment, the way of spraying the sodium selenite solution on the surface is adopted and the enriched selenium is sprayed for two to three times, thereby the organic selenium content in the fresh seawater vegetables reaches more than 1u g/L, the conversion ratio of the organic selenium reaches more than 63 percent and the content of the remaining selenium on the surface of the fresh seawater vegetables is controlled. The present invention has the advantages that the extreme spraying-durable density of the ocean asparagus and the ocean chard is high, which can adopt the high concentration spraying solution with an appropriate pH value to perform the selenium-enriched optimization method of multi-treatment, thus the content of the organic selenium can be enhanced obviously in a short term and a higher organic selenium ratio can be obtained. The operation period of the present invention is obviously shortened and the operation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
A kind of high-efficient selenium-rich method of sea water vegetable belongs to agricultural product technique of enriched selenium field.
Background technology
Mend selenium at present dual mode is arranged: the one, directly take inorganic selenium, the 2nd, the product of many edible organic selenium-rich.It is generally acknowledged that organic selenium food is mended selenium efficient height than inorganic selenium, prospect is more good.But the organic selenium-rich wholefood seldom, has only so by artificial rich selenium mode and solve this difficult problem.
Show according to Chinese Soclety of Nutrition's nutrition survey report, China adult's selenium intake only was 26.63 μ g/ days, the safety of recommending apart from clinic of China National Centre for Preventative Medicine is advanced safety that selenium amount 40-240 μ g/ people/day and NAS recommend and is advanced selenium amount 50-200 μ g/ people/differ greatly day, is the important channel that addresses this problem by eating organic selenium-rich food benefit selenium.And vegetables are requisite agricultural product in people's daily life, are fit closely with vegetables and goods thereof as the enrichment carrier of organic selenium.Contain an amount of organic selenium greengrocery functional food and will play positive impetus to the processing of the functional vegetable product of China undoubtedly, its development potentiality is huge after solving some key technologies.
Mainly contain two kinds of vegetables selenium-rich methods at present: 1) blade face or plant are sprayed rich selenium method, 2) root system absorption process behind the rich selenium of soil.The former can realize quantitative rich selenium, and being suitable for rich selenium product is to be exposed to the outer part of soil; And the latter is because the uncertainty of soil itself will realize that quantitative rich selenium difficulty is very big.
The sea water vegetable in Da Feng area, Jiangsu is Ministry of Science and Technology's 863 Program resource environment field marine biotechnology thematic emphasis project, adopts full seawater irrigation.This novel sea water vegetable, its nutritive value obviously is better than general vegetables, and especially content of mineral substances is very high, irrigates relatively with fresh water, and trace element manganese, zinc, iodine will exceed 2 times; Sodium exceeds 6 times, but the content of selenium very low (as: extra large asparagus only contains organic selenium 0.00044ppm), therefore be that primary raw material carries out rich selenium with the most salable extra large asparagus in the sea water vegetable, can adopt the rich selenium flushing liquor of higher concentration to handle several times, thereby significantly improve rich selenium efficient; And remarkable in economical benefits.
In order to obtain to have the selenium-enriched fruit and vegetable of certain organic selenium ratio, one of inventor Zhang Min (Zhang Min etc., 1997, Wuxi Light Industry Univ.'s journal) to the green pepper of different growing stages, eggplant, cucumber and Kidney bean have carried out the sprinkling of variable concentrations inorganic selenium respectively to be handled, drawn and handled flowering stage organic selenium changing effect conclusion preferably, but weak point is owing to adopt once rich selenium, the organic selenium ratio of 4 kinds of fruit and vegetable is still lower, only be 40.8%-50.6%, wherein 50.6% is the organic selenium ratio that just can reach after the optimization of rich selenium agronomy, and the content of organic selenium is not high.In addition, people such as one of inventor Zhang Min adopt early stage (seedling stage), mid-term (flowering stage or growth stage) and the later stage (fruiting period or preharvest period) to divide rich selenium of 3 stages that multiple fruits and vegetables are carried out rich selenium processing with certain density inorganic selenium solution simultaneously, the result shows, fruit and vegetable food is that organic selenium ratio in the 0.6-0.9 μ g/g scope reaches more than 70% at total Se content.Transform ratio though obtained higher organic selenium, organic selenium content is not high, and the whole operation cycle is very long, and in production application, running cost obviously increases.Doctor Mo Haizhen has also studied the influence of the different pH values of rich selenium flushing liquor to rich selenium effect, finds that the rich selenium of vegetables can reach raising organic selenium content purpose by regulating suitable pH.
Therefore the present invention is in conjunction with former study, and the high-efficient selenium-rich of realizing sea water vegetable by improving one's methods is significant.
Summary of the invention
The high-efficient selenium-rich method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of sea water vegetable makes the organic selenium content of sea water vegetable be controlled at about 1 μ g/L, is mainly used in the marketing fresh and the production and processing field of rich selenium sea water vegetable.
Technical solution: a kind of high-efficient selenium-rich method of sea water vegetable, be the sea water vegetable growth later stage to be carried out rich selenium handle: gather in the crops in preceding 10-15 days, divide and spray rich selenium processing for 2-3 time, be spaced apart 24 hours at every turn, spray solution is a sodium selenite solution, pH is 7.5-8.0, and concentration is 140-260 μ g/L, and the sprinkling amount is 80-100mL/m
2This method reaches more than the 1 μ g/L organic selenium content of the sea water vegetable product of results, and wherein the organic selenium ratio reaches more than 63%; The results back will be at normal temperatures with running water rinsing 3-4 time to the bright sample sea water vegetable of selling, and each 5 minutes, to remove the inorganic selenium of remained on surface.
Sea water vegetable is selected from extra large asparagus or the sea dish of being unworthy of the honour, and preharvest period sprays sodium selenite solution and carries out rich selenium and handle: to extra large asparagus, the concentration of spraying sodium selenite solution is 240-260 μ g/L; To the sea dish of being unworthy of the honour, the concentration of spraying sodium selenite solution is 140-160 μ g/L.
The fruits and vegetables agricultural products obtains a certain proportion of organic selenium mainly by antenatal rich selenium method, before results, be organic selenium through biological transformation behind the certain phase enrichment inorganic selenium promptly by agricultural product, its principle is that inorganic selenium is after certain path enters fruits and vegetables, combine with the organic molecule in the fruits and vegetables body, form various forms of organic selenium combinations.
If root system absorption process behind the rich selenium of employing soil, behind the rich selenium of soil, because selenium easily is oxidized to the selenate that very easily runs off in soil in alkaline soils, the stable compound that the iron oxide reaction in acid ground in selenite and the soil forms is difficult for by plant absorbing.Therefore soil ph all is unfavorable for rich selenium processing.In addition, the interaction of selenium and some elements also influences its absorption in soil.Another weak point that root system absorbs is that selenium absorption path is longer, and quantitative and even absorbs difficulty.In order to realize that quantitative and even absorbs artifact and transforms, it is comparatively desirable that blade face or plant are sprayed rich selenium method.In order to increase the absorption of plant, it is necessary that each stage takes the sprinkling more than 1 time to handle.
Because the fruits and vegetables of different growing stages have kind, content and the distribution of different organic molecules, so rich selenium of different growth stage has different effects to the biological transformation of selenium combining form.But rich at later stages selenium has original advantage, and have a large amount of organic molecules in the plant corpus this moment, and after spraying inorganic selenium, the chance of these organic molecules and selenium combination increases greatly, thereby makes organic selenium content increase.Studies show that selenium combines with organic molecule in the plant corpus needs the regular hour, so rich selenium of suitable later stage is preceding 10-15 days of results.
Simultaneously, Sors thinks that the absorption approach and the sulphur of selenium is close, and is relevant with the electrochemical gradient of plant epidermis cell, promptly can change the effect of rich selenium by adjusting pH.
The present invention adopts the saturated optimal design of D-, select the raw materials such as typical species sea asparagus in the abundant sea water vegetable of nutritive value to carry out rich selenium processing, because the salt resistance of raw material itself, in bigger concentration range, can not influence the growth of raw material, therefore can handle with bigger concentration, thereby the minimizing number of processes reaches the purpose of rich selenium in a short time, thereby reduces cost.
Utilize in test the sodium selenite solution of variable concentrations to carry out rich selenium processing, find the concentration of the maximum tolerance flushing liquor of kind separately, thereby determine safe spray concentration.The result shows that the maximal tolerable concentration of extra large asparagus is about 350 μ g/L, and the be unworthy of the honour maximal tolerable concentration of dish of sea is about 250 μ g/L.And be between the 200-300 μ g/L at spray concentration, the Se content increase is very fast in the extra large asparagus; Spray concentration is at 100-200 μ g/L, and the sea Se content increase of being unworthy of the honour in the dish is very fast.
Advantage of the present invention
Compare with the background technology of the rich selenium of agronomy, the present invention adopts the saturated optimal design of D-, the best rich selenium stage at sea water vegetable promptly grow the later stage (preharvest period) repeatedly spray rich selenium with certain safe concentration, best acid-base value inorganic selenium solution and handle, not only behaviour does easy, cycle is also very short, makes rich selenium efficient significantly improve; And the be unworthy of the honour organic selenium content of the bright sample product after the results such as dish of final extra large asparagus, sea significantly improves in a short time, and content is up to 1 μ g/L, and the organic selenium ratio reaches more than 63%.Then only need to handle through suitable rinsing, can be so that the direct marketing fresh of bright sample sea water vegetable product have significantly improved its economic worth.
Embodiment
The selenium-rich method of embodiment 1, extra large asparagus
At first in the booth of locality, choose the about 15m of land area
2, the uniform extra large asparagus that grows is adopted the rich selenium of foliage spray.Prepare the Na of different quality concentration in advance
2SeO
3Solution (240-260mg/L) sprays area 15m
2, spray liquor capacity 1000mL.The time that sprays gathered preceding 10～15 days for distance, sprayed in the morning at every turn.Double sprinkling is handled, and is spaced apart 24 hours at every turn.
Spray solution is that sodium selenite solution (adopts Na
2HCO
3Adjust pH=8).This method can make the organic selenium content of the extra large asparagus of results reach more than the 1 μ g/L, and wherein the organic selenium ratio reaches more than 63%.
Spray to handle and adopt the good suction type sprayer of spray effect.
In addition, the sea water vegetable that sell bright sample the results back will be at normal temperatures with drinking water rinsing 3-4 time, and each 5 minutes, to remove the inorganic selenium of remained on surface.
The be unworthy of the honour selenium-rich method of dish of embodiment 2, sea
At first in the booth of locality, choose the about 15m of land area
2, the uniform sea of the growing dish of being unworthy of the honour adopts the rich selenium of foliage spray.Prepare the Na of different quality concentration in advance
2SeO
3Solution (140-160mg/L) sprays area 15m
2, spray liquor capacity 1000mL.The time that sprays gathered preceding 10～15 days for distance, sprayed in the morning at every turn.Spray processing, be spaced apart 24 hours at every turn for continuous three times.
Spray solution is that sodium selenite solution (adopts Na
2HCO
3Adjust pH=7.5).This method can make the be unworthy of the honour organic selenium content of dish of the sea of results reach more than the 1 μ g/L, and wherein the organic selenium ratio reaches more than 65%.
Spray to handle and adopt the good suction type sprayer of spray effect.The sea water vegetable that sell bright sample the results back will be at normal temperatures with drinking water rinsing 3-4 time, and each 5 minutes, to remove the inorganic selenium of remained on surface.
Claims (2)
1. the high-efficient selenium-rich method of a sea water vegetable, it is characterized in that the sea water vegetable growth later stage is carried out rich selenium handles: gather in the crops in preceding 10-15 days, divide and spray rich selenium processing for 2-3 time, be spaced apart 24 hours at every turn, spray solution is a sodium selenite solution, pH is 7.5-8.0, and concentration is 140-260 μ g/L, and the sprinkling amount is 80-100mL/m
2This method reaches more than the 1 μ g/L organic selenium content of the sea water vegetable product of results, and wherein the organic selenium ratio reaches more than 63%; The results back will be at normal temperatures with running water rinsing 3-4 time to the bright sample sea water vegetable of selling, and each 5 minutes, to remove the inorganic selenium of remained on surface.
2. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that sea water vegetable is selected from extra large asparagus or the sea dish of being unworthy of the honour, preharvest period sprays sodium selenite solution and carries out rich selenium and handle: to extra large asparagus, the concentration of spraying sodium selenite solution is 240-260 μ g/L; To the sea dish of being unworthy of the honour, the concentration of spraying sodium selenite solution is 140-160 μ g/L.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2007101347461A CN101142885B (en) | 2007-10-16 | 2007-10-16 | High-efficient selenium-rich method for sea water vegetable |
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| CN2007101347461A CN101142885B (en) | 2007-10-16 | 2007-10-16 | High-efficient selenium-rich method for sea water vegetable |
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| CN101142885A CN101142885A (en) | 2008-03-19 |
| CN101142885B true CN101142885B (en) | 2010-04-21 |
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| CN104472206A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-01 | 江西省农业科学院 | Cultivation method for increasing selenium content of asparagus |
| CN111011116A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-17 | 天津长芦汉沽盐场有限责任公司 | Efficient selenium enrichment method for sea asparagus |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1029285C (en) * | 1993-10-30 | 1995-07-12 | 黑龙江省普阳农场 | Method for producing selenium-enriched crop products |
| CN1233241C (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-12-28 | 江南大学 | Method for increasing organic selenium proportion in selenium-enriched dehydrated fruits and vegetables |
-
2007
- 2007-10-16 CN CN2007101347461A patent/CN101142885B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1029285C (en) * | 1993-10-30 | 1995-07-12 | 黑龙江省普阳农场 | Method for producing selenium-enriched crop products |
| CN1233241C (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-12-28 | 江南大学 | Method for increasing organic selenium proportion in selenium-enriched dehydrated fruits and vegetables |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴正景等.蔬菜富硒化栽培.西北园艺 7.2004,(7),5-6. * |
| 尚庆茂等.微量元素硒及其在蔬菜上的应用.中国蔬菜 1.2004,(1),67-69. * |
| 王广仪.蔬菜富锌、富硒栽培试验获得成功.长江蔬菜 1.2003,(1),52. |
| 王广仪.蔬菜富锌、富硒栽培试验获得成功.长江蔬菜 1.2003,(1),52. * |
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