CN101141018A - Microwave controllable multiple wavelengths delay-line phase moving method and phase shifter - Google Patents
Microwave controllable multiple wavelengths delay-line phase moving method and phase shifter Download PDFInfo
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- CN101141018A CN101141018A CNA2007101344482A CN200710134448A CN101141018A CN 101141018 A CN101141018 A CN 101141018A CN A2007101344482 A CNA2007101344482 A CN A2007101344482A CN 200710134448 A CN200710134448 A CN 200710134448A CN 101141018 A CN101141018 A CN 101141018A
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Abstract
The invention provides a phase-shift method and a phase switcher of a controllable microwave multi-wavelength delay line. A microwave signal changes the length of a transmission path to realize the phase shift of the signal in transmission. At least two binary system delay line phase-shift elements are connected. A drive circuit controlled by TTL is connected to control all the phase-shift elements. Each phase-shift has two states of straightforward signal and phase shift. For the command signals of TTL, 2<>N<> phase-shift state can be processed by controlling the make-and-break of the reference branch circuit of each phase-shift element and the branch circuit of delay phase-shift and N is the quantity of the phase-shift element. The invention has large quantity of the phase shift and a phase switcher can realize multiple phase shifts, which can also reach service indexes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Microwave Digital Controlled Phase Shifter field of the high-frequency microwave control device and the delay line of electronics and communication, relate in particular to a kind of microwave controllable multiple wavelengths delay-line phase moving method and phase shifter.
Background technology
Digital Microwave control phase shifter normally control phase (in 360 °) in a wavelength changes, and this series products is a lot of at present, and implementation method is comparative maturity also, is mainly used in the phased array radar system.Microwave signal can realize the change of signal phase by the length that changes transmission path in transmission course.Among Fig. 1, microwave signal is transmitted from reference arm and delay phase shifted branch respectively by the switching of switch S PDT1 and switch S PDT2, the path-length discrepancy delta l of two branch roads, and this difference causes the phase change of microwave signal transmission: Δ Ф.
Wherein:
λ g is the wavelength of microwave signal.(at X-band λ g ≈ 3cm)
In common phase shifter,
Generally get
, amount to phase shift ability near 1 λ g to realize whole phase shifter
But the phase-shift phase of phase shifter is big more, the length of delay line is also long more, volume is big more, causes the insertion loss of delay line also big more, and this will influence the volume and the performance index of phase shifter, if according to the implementation method of common phase shifter, be difficult to satisfy simultaneously every index of multi-wavelength phase shifter.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is: the phase-shift phase of existing phase shifter is little, and what phase-shift phase was big can not reach good service index.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: microwave controllable multiple wavelengths delay-line phase moving method, microwave signal realizes the change of signal phase by the length that changes transmission path in transmission course, with the cascade of at least 2 binary system delay line phase-shifting units, each phase-shifting unit includes microwave switch, reference arm and delay phase shifted branch, each phase-shifting unit has phase shift number of wavelengths separately, connect each phase-shifting unit by the TTL control Driver Circuit, and the control phase-shifting unit postpones turning on and off of phase shifted branch and reference arm; Each phase-shifting unit all has the straight-through and phase shift two states of signal respectively, and corresponding different TTL control signals by controlling the break-make of each phase-shifting unit reference arm and delay phase shifted branch, can be combined into 2
NPlant the phase shift state, N is the quantity of phase-shifting unit.
Phase shifter according to the said method setting, the cascade of at least 2 binary system delay line phase-shifting units, each delay line phase-shifting unit includes microwave switch, reference arm and delay phase shifted branch, microwave switch is a single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), be connected with the delay phase shifted branch with reference arm respectively, the output of TTL control Driver Circuit connects the microwave switch of each phase-shifting unit, and postponing phase shifted branch is the low-loss microwave transmission line.
As preferred version, the phase shift wavelength is the following phase-shifting units of 2 λ, and postponing the phase shifted branch transmission line is the low dielectric constant and low loss microstrip line; The delay phase-shifting unit of phase shift wavelength between 2 λ～8 λ, postponing the phase shifted branch transmission line is high-k low-loss micro-strip line; The delay phase-shifting unit of wavelength more than 8 λ, postponing the phase shifted branch transmission line is low-loss fine line diameter coaxial transmission line.
As the further improvement to whole phase shifter performance, reference arm is provided with microwave attenuator, and loss is inserted in compensation, makes the insertion loss of reference arm identical with the insertion loss that postpones phase shifted branch; Microwave switch adopts hybrid integration technology, and its circuit is the PIN diode connection in series-parallel; The TTL control Driver Circuit is used the special-purpose control integrated circuit of PIN diode, reduces the circuit board size; Whole phase shifter is the circuit board that whole microwave is printed, and improves the coherence request between the phase shifter.
Phase-shift phase of the present invention is big, and a phase shifter can be realized multiple phase-shift phase, and can satisfy each service index simultaneously:
1. all phase shift states insert loss≤10dB down;
2. different phase shift state loss difference≤1.5dB between any two kinds of phase shift states;
3. input and output standing wave under all phase shift states :≤2.0;
4. phase shifting accuracy :≤± 15 °
5. the coincident indicator of delay line phase shifter between any two phase shifters: loss difference :≤1.5dB, phase difference :≤10 °.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is one and postpones the phase-shifting unit circuit block diagram.
Fig. 2 postpones the phase shifter circuit block diagram for microwave controllable multiple-wavelength of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the phase shifter circuit schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the phase shifter control Driver Circuit schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is a block diagram that postpones phase-shifting unit, the branch road that microwave RF input signal selects signal to pass through by a pair of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) SPDT1 and SPDT2, multi-wavelength delay phase shifted branch transmission line is compared with the reference arm transmission line and is had path difference, for example signal is by a phase delay M wavelength, signal phase shift 2 π M so after the phase shifted branch.Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of a plurality of phase-shifting unit cascades of the present invention, and each phase-shifting unit connects successively.With specific embodiment the present invention is described below.
Adopt 1 λ, 2 λ, 4 λ, 8 λ, 16 λ, five displacement facies units can be combined into 2
5=32 kinds of phase shift states.With the cascade of five delay phase-shifting units, constitute five-digit number control multi-wavelength delay line microwave phase shifter, five phase shift wavelength that postpone phase-shifting units are followed successively by: 1 λ, 2 λ, 4 λ, 8 λ, 16 λ.Phase shift wavelength difference, the length difference that postpones the phase shifted branch transmission line, at free space, the about 30mm of X-band microwave wavelength (corresponding 10GHz frequency), so five phase shift wavelength length that postpone phase-shifting unit are about respectively: 30mm, 60mm, 120mm, 240mm, 480mm, and the dimensional requirement of phase shifter is length * wide * height≤80mm * 50mm * 15mm, Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of phase shifter, and it is implemented as follows: microwave controllable multiple-wavelength delay line phase shifter is mainly by the microwave circuit part, the box body composition is installed in TTL control Driver Circuit part and phase shifter metallic shield, owing to be binary stepped, the microwave switch of phase-shifting unit uses single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)
(1) the reference arm transmission line that postpones in the phase-shifting unit adopts the low dielectric constant and low loss microstrip line;
(2) the phase shift wavelength is respectively 1 λ, and two of 2 λ postpone in the phase-shifting unit, postpone phase shifted branch and adopt the low dielectric constant and low loss microstrip line consistent with reference arm;
(3) the phase shift wavelength is in the delay phase-shifting unit of 4 λ, postpone phase shifted branch and adopt high-k low-loss micro-strip line, to shorten the physical length of transmission line, in reference arm, increase the microwave attenuator compensation simultaneously and insert loss, make the insertion loss of reference arm identical with the insertion loss that postpones phase shifted branch;
(4) the phase shift wavelength is respectively 8 λ, two of 16 λ postpone in the phase-shifting unit, postpone phase shifted branch and adopt low-loss fine line diameter coaxial transmission line, reduce the insertion loss that length of transmission line brings to greatest extent, the coaxial line of fine line diameter can be coiled in and dwindle bulk together, in reference arm, increase the microwave attenuator compensation simultaneously and insert loss, make the insertion loss of reference arm identical with the insertion loss that postpones phase shifted branch;
(5) switch that postpones in the phase-shifting unit adopts hybrid integration technology, and circuit adopts PIN diode connection in series-parallel form, and tandem tube adopts Liang Shi lead-in wire PIN diode, and parallel transistor adopts the PIN tube core, and the microwave attenuator that loss is inserted in compensation adopts the single-vane attenuator chip.Whole phase shifter adopts whole microwave printed circuit plate, improves the coherence request between the phase shifter.The TTL control Driver Circuit adopts the special-purpose control integrated circuit of PIN diode, as Fig. 4, reduces the circuit board size.
Wherein, microwave circuit adopts system of ADS simulation software of Agilent company to carry out computer-aided design, obtain the relevant parameter of microwave switch circuit, reference arm transmission line, delay phase shifted branch transmission line, comprise width, length, the switching circuit of transmission line match parameter, input and output standing wave, insert loss etc., according to these Rational Parameters layouts, finish microwave circuit layout.Adopt the Duroid5880 low-loss microwave dielectric substrate of Rogers company in the present embodiment, thickness is 0.254mm; Series connection Liang Shi lead-in wire PIN switching tube and PIN switch tube core in parallel are selected DSG-9500, the APD-0805 of Skyworks company respectively for use; The attenuator monolithic is selected the ATN3580 series of Skyworks company for use; The phase shifted branch that postpones 4 λ adopts import high-k low-loss Al
2O
3Ceramic substrate is made microstrip line; The phase shifted branch that postpones 8 λ, 16 λ adopts import low-loss Ф 1.5mm line footpath half gentle coaxial transmission line.Draw control circuit PCB domain according to TTL control Driver Circuit schematic diagram, make full use of box space, compact layout circuit, drive circuit adopt the special-purpose drive integrated circult FP358 of PIN.According to microwave circuit layout and control circuit domain, box body is installed in the design metallic shield, and shielding box is selected the rustproof aluminum alloy material for use, and inner surface is gold-plated, and the outer surface electric conductive oxidation is handled.Microwave signal adopts the SMA-50KFD interface, and control and power supply adopt the J30J-9ZKP interface.Whole phase shifter adopts little packaging technology of microwave circuit, and microwave circuit boards and components and parts are assembled.
As Fig. 3,4, the course of work of phase shifter of the present invention is: add microwave signal from the microwave signal input, export by the microwave signal output through the microwave signal after the phase shift.TTL control signal A1 ~ A5, by being added to the special-purpose control integrated circuit of five PIN diode after the not gate isolation respectively, the special-purpose control integrated circuit output of each PIN diode two-way PIN drive signal a, b control multi-wavelength respectively and postpone turning on and off of phase shifted branch and reference arm.Open-minded when reference arm, when postponing the phase shifted branch shutoff, signal leads directly to not phase shift; Otherwise signal is by the wavelength of phase shift delay line correspondence.Each phase-shifting unit all has the straight-through and phase shift two states of signal respectively, and five corresponding different TTL control signals can be combined into 32 kinds of phase states altogether.Below table 1 provided relation between each phase shift state and control TTL signal, the phase-shifting unit combination, TTL signal 0 corresponding reference arm pass-through state, 1 corresponding phase shift state.
The present invention can select the number of wavelengths of phase-shifting unit and the number of phase-shifting unit according to different application demands, general general phase shifter all can be provided with according to binary system, lowest order has determined minimum phase shift unit, and phase-shifting unit quantity has determined the phase shift number of states.For example, lowest order is 0.5 λ, and the phase-shifting unit number is 6, then each phase-shifting unit number of wavelengths is followed successively by: 0.5 λ, 1 λ, 2 λ, 4 λ, 8 λ, 16 λ, the minimum phase shift unit of this phase shifter (or being called minimum resolution) is 0.5 λ, phase shift range 0～31.5 λ, the phase shift state is the combined value of each phase-shifting unit, has 2
6=64 kinds.
| The phase shift state | The phase-shifting unit combination | TTL control signal A 5A 4A 3A 2A 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 00000 |
| 1λ | 1λ | 00001 |
| 2λ | 2λ | 00010 |
| 3λ | 1λ+2λ | 00011 |
| 4λ | 4λ | 00100 |
| 5λ | 1λ+4λ | 00101 |
| 6λ | 2λ+4λ | 00110 |
| 7λ | 1λ+2λ+4λ | 00111 |
| 8λ | 8λ | 01000 |
| 9λ | 1λ+8λ | 01001 |
| 10λ | 2λ+8λ | 01010 |
| 11λ | 1λ+2λ+8λ | 01011 |
| 12λ | 4λ+8λ | 01100 |
| 13λ | 1λ+4λ+8λ | 01101 |
| 14λ | 2λ+4λ+8λ | 01110 |
| 15λ | 1λ+2λ+4λ+8λ | 01111 |
| 16λ | 16λ | 10000 |
| 17λ | 1λ+16λ | 10001 |
| 18λ | 2λ+16λ | 10010 |
| 19λ | 1λ+2λ+16λ | 10011 |
| 20λ | 4λ+16λ | 10100 |
| 21λ | 1λ+4λ+16λ | 10101 |
| 22λ | 2λ+4λ+16λ | 10110 |
| 23λ | 1λ+2λ+4λ+16λ | 10111 |
| 24λ | 8λ+16λ | 11000 |
| 25λ | 1λ+8λ+16λ | 11001 |
| 26λ | 2λ+8λ+16λ | 11010 |
| 27λ | 1λ+2λ+8λ+16λ | 11011 |
| 28λ | 4λ+8λ+16λ | 11100 |
| 29λ | 1λ+4λ+8λ+16λ | 11101 |
| 30λ | 2λ+4λ+8λ+16λ | 11110 |
| 31λ | 1λ+2λ+4λ+8λ+16λ | 11111 |
Table 1
Claims (10)
1. microwave controllable multiple wavelengths delay-line phase moving method, microwave signal realizes the change of signal phase by the length that changes transmission path in transmission course, it is characterized in that the cascade of at least 2 binary system delay line phase-shifting units, each phase-shifting unit includes microwave switch, reference arm and delay phase shifted branch, each phase-shifting unit has phase shift number of wavelengths separately, connects each phase-shifting unit by the TTL control Driver Circuit, and the control phase-shifting unit postpones turning on and off of phase shifted branch and reference arm; Each phase-shifting unit all has the straight-through and phase shift two states of signal respectively, and corresponding different TTL control signals by controlling the break-make of each phase-shifting unit reference arm and delay phase shifted branch, can be combined into 2
NPlant the phase shift state, N is the quantity of phase-shifting unit.
2. the phase shifter of microwave controllable multiple wavelengths delay-line phase moving method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the cascade of at least 2 binary system delay line phase-shifting units, each delay line phase-shifting unit includes microwave switch, reference arm and delay phase shifted branch, microwave switch is a single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), be connected with the delay phase shifted branch with reference arm respectively, the output of TTL control Driver Circuit connects the microwave switch of each phase-shifting unit, and postponing phase shifted branch is the low-loss microwave transmission line.
3. phase shifter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the phase shift wavelength is the following phase-shifting units of 2 λ, postponing the phase shifted branch transmission line is the low dielectric constant and low loss microstrip line, the delay phase-shifting unit of phase shift wavelength between 2 λ～8 λ, postponing the phase shifted branch transmission line is high-k low-loss micro-strip line, the delay phase-shifting unit of phase shift wavelength more than 8 λ, postponing the phase shifted branch transmission line is the low-loss microwave coaxial cable.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described phase shifters, it is characterized in that the reference arm that postpones phase-shifting unit is provided with microwave attenuator.
5. phase shifter according to claim 4 is characterized in that microwave attenuator is the single-vane attenuator chip.
6. according to claim 2 or 3 described phase shifters, it is characterized in that microwave switch is the PIN diode connection in series-parallel, the TTL control Driver Circuit is the special-purpose control integrated circuit of PIN diode.
7. according to claim 2 or 3 described phase shifters, it is characterized in that whole phase shifter microwave circuit is the whole circuit board of printing.
8. according to claim 2 or 3 described phase shifters, it is characterized in that the cascade of five delay line phase-shifting units, the phase shift wavelength of each phase-shifting unit is followed successively by 1 λ, 2 λ, 4 λ, 8 λ, 16 λ.
9. phase shifter according to claim 4 is characterized in that the cascade of five delay line phase-shifting units, and the phase shift wavelength of each phase-shifting unit is followed successively by 1 λ, 2 λ, 4 λ, 8 λ, 16 λ.
10. phase shifter according to claim 6 is characterized in that the cascade of five delay line phase-shifting units, and the phase shift wavelength of each phase-shifting unit is followed successively by 1 λ, 2 λ, 4 λ, 8 λ, 16 λ.
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| CN104852706A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-08-19 | 黄华 | Low additional phase shift digital attenuator |
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| WO2017091944A1 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-08 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Microstrip switch type phase shifter and phase shift module adopting same |
| CN105356014A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-24 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Microstrip switch type phase shifter and phase shifting module using same |
| CN108134754A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-06-08 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of intermediate frequency differential demodulator of gigabit continuous variable rate |
| CN108134754B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-02-01 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of intermediate frequency differential demodulator of gigabit continuous variable rate |
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| CN110501695A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-26 | 苏州芯智瑞微电子有限公司 | A kind of delay line based on the application of Ka wave band phased-array radar |
| CN112993496A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-18 | 南京恒波科技有限公司 | Low-cost adjustable fixed phase shifter of phase place |
| CN114639929A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-06-17 | 合肥芯谷微电子有限公司 | Switch line type phase shifter and communication equipment |
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