CN101138330B - High-yield sweetfish cultivation method - Google Patents
High-yield sweetfish cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101138330B CN101138330B CN2007101560477A CN200710156047A CN101138330B CN 101138330 B CN101138330 B CN 101138330B CN 2007101560477 A CN2007101560477 A CN 2007101560477A CN 200710156047 A CN200710156047 A CN 200710156047A CN 101138330 B CN101138330 B CN 101138330B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a high-yield culture method of sweet fish comprising the control of breeding time of fry in a culture pond, water temperature for culture and culture density, feed throwing and feeding and prevention of disease; the breeding time is from the end of December to the end of March next year; the water temperature for culture is 13 to 28 Celsius degrees and the culture density is that 360 to 380 fries per cubic meter in 20 days, 200 to 240 fries per cubic meter in a period of 20 to 40 days, 150 to 180 fries per cubic meter in a period of 40 to 60 days and 80 to 120 fries per cubic meter 60 days later; the feed amount thrown every day is 2 to 5 percent of the gross weight of sweet fish and the feed is thrown and fed by 2 to 5 times; the feed is added with grain feed of 10 days after breeding and only grain feed is used 20 to 50 days later; 5 kg garlic or 3kg good liver and gall is added in the feed per ton for a continuous three days every month and povidone iodine or calcium oxide is used for sterilization for a continuous three days every month. The present invention is characterized by long culture time, high survival rate and high per mu yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fish culture technology, be specifically related to the high-yield cultivation method of a kind of sweetfish.
Background technology
Sweetfish (Pleccoglossus altivelis Temminck et Sohlegel) is a kind of small-sized famous and precious economic fish, can give out a burst of fragrant and gains the name.Sweetfish is because of its fine and tender taste, and delicate fragrance does not have raw meat, is golden yellow after drying with fire, and color is all good, and the local flavor of its uniqueness is arranged, thereby is regarded as the precious fish of food fish so far from the Ming Dynasty always, and as the tribute of imperial court.Be called as Japanese sweetfish " kings of fresh-water fishes ", the marketing fresh wholesale price is 1500-2000 yen/kg in the Japanese market, and sweetfish always has " bucket rice jin fish " high price in China, and market fresh fish valency is up to 80 yuan/kg, about sweetfish does up to 600 yuan/and kg, be about 400 New Taiwan Dollar/kg in China Taiwan.The method of propagating sweetfish at present artificially is since March the sweetfish fry to be put in a suitable place to breed in the breed pond, throws natural feed and artificial feed and feeds, and control appropriate density and growth water temperature, suitable diseases prevention disinfection technologies etc. are fed May and could be caught listing.But sweetfish breed difficulty is bigger, the technical problem that puzzlement sweetfish is cultured mainly contains: the one, and the control of temperature of cultivation, the suitable water temperature of sweetfish growth before the body weight 10g is 18-20 ℃, and the later suitable water temperature of growth of body weight 10g is 22-24 ℃, and temperature of cultivation is difficult to control under the natural conditions; The 2nd, the domestication of feed and the feed of throwing something and feeding, the natural bait of sweetfish mainly contains a wheel animalcule and a copepoda, natural bait is subjected to nature collection restriction and valency height, and the feed of culturing usefulness is for to scrape food with the cubed feed of usefulness by sweetfish with eel, but the problem that can cause scraping the food difficulty and easily suffer from the enteritis disease; Problems such as the regulation and control of cultivation density, the control of germ and sexually matured control.Above-mentioned all factors cause the survival rate of present breed sweetfish lower, have only 50%--70%, and the quality of the sweetfish of breed reduces, nuptial coloration occurs, fragrance reduces, the meat chap, specifically be characterized as milter back blackout, belly iron alluring colouration, the body surface scale is coarse, the raun belly expands, and belly occurs faint yellow, and breed and selling time are shorter, generally begin listing in May, just can not see the sale of bright sweetfish after the October, the per mu yield of breed is lower, can only reach 1.7-2.5 ton/mu.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention provides the sweetfish high-yield cultivation method that a kind of Time To Market is long, survival rate is higher and per mu yield is higher.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: the high-yield cultivation method of a kind of sweetfish, be included in and culture in the pond fry and put the time in a suitable place to breed, the control of temperature of cultivation and cultivation density, feedstuff feeding and prevention from suffering from the diseases, described fry put in a suitable place to breed the time for by the end of December～next year by the end of March, described temperature of cultivation is 15～28 ℃, described cultivation density is for putting every cubic metre of water body 360～380 tails in 20 days in a suitable place to breed, put 20～40 days every cubic metre of water body 200～240 tails in a suitable place to breed, put 40～60 days every cubic metre of water body 150～180 tails in a suitable place to breed, put every cubic metre of water body 80～120 tails after 60 days in a suitable place to breed, feedstuff feeding is that the feed gross weight of throwing something and feeding every day is 2～5% of a sweetfish gross weight, the number of times of throwing something and feeding every day is 2～5 times, put in a suitable place to breed after 10 days and in the feed of throwing something and feeding, to add pellet and raise and train, the initial addition of pellet accounts for 20% of the feed gross weight of throwing something and feeding every day, every 10 days pellet is increased by 20～25 percentage points later on, put in a suitable place to breed after 40～50 days and throw something and feed with pellet with regard to single, prevention from suffering from the diseases is every month continuous three days interpolation 5kg allicin or the good liver and gall of 3kg in feed of throwing something and feeding per ton, gave with povidone iodine or quicklime in every month continuous three days and culture the pond sterilization, the consumption of the povidone iodine of every cubic metre of water body is 0.2～0.5 gram, and the quicklime consumption of every cubic metre of water body is 1.5～3 grams.
Described temperature of cultivation is 16～21 ℃ before the body weight 10g of sweetfish.
Described temperature of cultivation is 18～25 ℃ after the body weight 10g of sweetfish.
When described temperature of cultivation is lower than 18 ℃, give breed Chi Huanshui with underground water.
When described temperature of cultivation is higher than 22 ℃, give breed Chi Huanshui with the mixing water of underground water and reservoir bottom water.
Described mixing water is given and is cultured Chi Huanshui earlier with after the preheating of empty pond.
Culturing the pond rate of water exchange is 300～400%.
The seawood meal that in described pellet, contains 1.5-2.5% weight.
With the described prevention from suffering from the diseases that hockets every other month of described allicin and described good liver and gall, with the described prevention from suffering from the diseases that hockets every other month of described povidone iodine and described quicklime.
Comprise also that from the sexually matured II of the sweetfish phase every water is given and cultured the light quantity that water surface increases 125-340Lux.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that the fry time of putting in a suitable place to breed is advanceed to by the end of December, culturing time is prolonged, Time To Market is done sth. in advance and is prolonged, people begin just can have sweetfish from late March, temperature of cultivation is that 15～28 ℃ of growths to sweetfish are more suitable, illness rate and the lethality of sweetfish have been reduced, put fate adjustment different breeding density in a suitable place to breed according to difference and also can reduce illness rate and the lethality of sweetfish, and can improve survival rate and growth rate, cumulative the raising and train of pellet is can adapt to gradually for it, adopt pellet to solve the difficult and easy problem of suffering from the enteritis disease of food of scraping of cubed feed, the feeding volume and the number of times of control feed are the reductions that can solve growth needs and don't cause its mobility as for overfeeding, add allicin or good liver and gall in the feed and be for the germ of killing the fish body and prevent that germ from growing, it is the effect with killing pathogenic bacteria of growing that prevents the germ of water body that povidone iodine or quicklime give to be cultured the pond sterilization, has improved the survival rate of sweetfish; The present invention's survival rate of culturing sweetfish is brought up to more than 70% like this, can reach 90%, per mu yield is brought up to more than 5 tons/mu, can reach 7.5 tons/mu, Time To Market prolongs, people extremely can both have appetizing sweetfish by the end of December from late March, so the present invention has, and Time To Market is long, survival rate is higher and the per mu yield advantage of higher.Temperature of cultivation is lower than 18 ℃ when spending, giving breed Chi Huanshui with underground water is because the general water temperature 16-20 of underground water ℃, temperature of cultivation is higher than 22 ℃ when spending, give breed Chi Huanshui with the mixing water of underground water and reservoir bottom water, be because the water temperature of reservoir bottom water is 10-12 ℃, giving the mixing water preheating, is to be lower than 15 ℃ when having prevented the mixing water preparation; Contain seawood meal in the artificial pellet, make sweetfish that unique fragrance flavor and Fresh ﹠ Tender in Texture be arranged; The light quantity that begins to improve the breeding water body surface from the sexually matured II of the sweetfish phase delays the sexual maturity of sweetfish, has improved the quality of sweetfish.
Embodiment
The high-yield cultivation method of a kind of sweetfish, December 28, inject the breed pond with underground water, again the sweetfish fry is put in a suitable place to breed in the breed pond, fry breeding density is every cubic metre of water body 360～380 tails, put in a suitable place to breed in 10 days and throw something and feed with wheel animalcule and cubed feed, every day, feeding volume was 5% of a sweetfish gross weight, divide every day and throw something and feed for 5 times, put in a suitable place to breed after 10 days and in the feed of throwing something and feeding, to add pellet and raise and train, every day, feeding volume was 4% of a sweetfish gross weight, divide every day and throw something and feed for 4 times, the initial addition of pellet accounts for 20% of the feed gross weight of throwing something and feeding every day, every 10 days pellet is increased by 20～25 percentage points later on, put in a suitable place to breed after 40～50 days and throw something and feed with artificial pellet with regard to single, every day, feeding volume was 2～3% of a sweetfish gross weight, divide every day and throw something and feed for 2～3 times, the seawood meal that in pellet, contains 1.5-2.5% weight, control is cultured the water temperature in pond at 16～21 ℃, water temperature is controlled at 18～25 ℃ after the body weight 10g of sweetfish, when temperature of cultivation is lower than 18 ℃, give breed Chi Huanshui with underground water, prevent that water temperature from dropping to below 16 ℃, when temperature of cultivation is higher than 22 ℃, give breed Chi Huanshui with the mixing water of underground water and reservoir bottom water, prevent that water temperature from surpassing 28 ℃, when mixed water temperature is lower than 15 ℃ just with the preheating of empty pond, after more than 16 ℃ again to culturing Chi Huanshui, make water temperature must not be lower than 16 ℃, culturing the pond rate of water exchange is 300～400%, increase when water temperature is higher and change the water frequency, part sweetfish being separated to other when putting 22 days in a suitable place to breed cultures in ponds and cultures, this moment, every cubic metre of aquifer cultivation density was controlled at 200～240 tails, again part sweetfish being separated to other when putting 46 days in a suitable place to breed cultures in ponds and cultures, this moment, every cubic metre of aquifer cultivation density was controlled at 150～180 tails, put in a suitable place to breed after 60 days the sweetfish of culturing the pond is separated again, making every cubic metre of aquifer cultivation density is 80～120 tails, in feed of throwing something and feeding per ton, added continuous three days of mid-January the 5kg allicin, in feed of throwing something and feeding per ton, added continuous three days of mid-February the good liver and gall of 3kg, so alternately prevent and treat the germ on the fish body, gave with povidone iodine continuous three days of mid-January simultaneously and culture the pond sterilization, gave breed pond sterilization continuous three days of mid-February with quicklime, also be that the germ that alternately prevents water body grows and infects, the consumption of the povidone iodine of every cubic metre of water body is 0.2～0.5 gram, the quicklime consumption of every cubic metre of water body is 1.5～3 grams, want frequent oxygenation during breed and sick fish is in time cured etc. with biological medicine, but so by the end of March with regard to list marketing.
Cultural method At All Other Times is the same, as long as according to environmental condition, the control various factors is within index, just can reach higher survival rate and higher per mu yield, to the sweetfish of culturing March,, give every day and culture the light quantity that water surface increases 125-340Lux from the sexually matured II of the sweetfish phase, delay the sexual maturity time of sweetfish, also can have sweetfish alive December.
Claims (6)
1. the high-yield cultivation method of a sweetfish, be included in and culture in the pond fry and put the time in a suitable place to breed, the control of temperature of cultivation and cultivation density, feedstuff feeding and prevention from suffering from the diseases, it is characterized in that described fry put in a suitable place to breed the time for by the end of December～next year by the end of March, described temperature of cultivation is 15～28 ℃, described cultivation density is for putting every cubic metre of water body 360～380 tails in 20 days in a suitable place to breed, put 20～40 days every cubic metre of water body 200～240 tails in a suitable place to breed, put 40～60 days every cubic metre of water body 150～180 tails in a suitable place to breed, put every cubic metre of water body 80～120 tails after 60 days in a suitable place to breed, feedstuff feeding is that the feed gross weight of throwing something and feeding every day is 2～5% of a sweetfish gross weight, the number of times of throwing something and feeding every day is 2～5 times, put in a suitable place to breed after 10 days and in the feed of throwing something and feeding, to add pellet and raise and train, the initial addition of pellet accounts for 20% of the feed gross weight of throwing something and feeding every day, every 10 days pellet is increased by 20～25 percentage points later on, put in a suitable place to breed after 40～50 days and throw something and feed with pellet with regard to single, prevention from suffering from the diseases is every month continuous three days interpolation 5kg allicin or the good liver and gall of 3kg in the feed of throwing something and feeding per ton, gave with povidone iodine or quicklime in every month continuous three days and culture the pond sterilization, the consumption of the povidone iodine of every cubic metre of water body is 0.2～0.5 gram, the quicklime consumption of every cubic metre of water body is 1.5～3 grams, when described temperature of cultivation is lower than 18 ℃, give breed Chi Huanshui with underground water, when described temperature of cultivation is higher than 22 ℃, give breed Chi Huanshui with the mixing water of underground water and reservoir bottom water, with the described prevention from suffering from the diseases that hockets every other month of described allicin and described good liver and gall, with the described prevention from suffering from the diseases that hockets every other month of described povidone iodine and described quicklime.
2. the high-yield cultivation method of a kind of sweetfish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described temperature of cultivation is 16～21 ℃ before the body weight 10g of sweetfish.
3. the high-yield cultivation method of a kind of sweetfish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described temperature of cultivation is 18～25 ℃ after the body weight 10g of sweetfish.
4. the high-yield cultivation method of a kind of sweetfish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described mixing water earlier with after the preheating of empty pond, gives and cultures Chi Huanshui.
5. the high-yield cultivation method of a kind of sweetfish as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that culturing the pond rate of water exchange is 300～400%.
6. the high-yield cultivation method of a kind of sweetfish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that containing the seawood meal of 1.5-2.5% weight in described pellet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101560477A CN101138330B (en) | 2007-10-09 | 2007-10-09 | High-yield sweetfish cultivation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2007101560477A CN101138330B (en) | 2007-10-09 | 2007-10-09 | High-yield sweetfish cultivation method |
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| CN101138330A CN101138330A (en) | 2008-03-12 |
| CN101138330B true CN101138330B (en) | 2010-08-04 |
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| CN2007101560477A Expired - Fee Related CN101138330B (en) | 2007-10-09 | 2007-10-09 | High-yield sweetfish cultivation method |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101268766B (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2010-08-25 | 宁波大学 | Control method for cultivation density of smelt |
| CN102952884B (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-04-23 | 宁波大学 | LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) detection kit for fish pathogen pseudomonad plecoglossicida and detection method |
| CN105475199A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-13 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Plecoglossus altivelis culture method |
| CN106577559B (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2019-04-16 | 宁波大学 | A kind of fishing and artificial domestication method of sea otter |
| CN106665415A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-17 | 蚌埠市金牛湾农业科技发展有限公司 | Breeding method capable of improving meat quality of plecoglossus altivelis and preparation method of feed |
| CN111436391B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-03-04 | 宁波大学 | Domestication method for enabling scylla paramamosain fries to adapt to saline-alkali soil water area culture |
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2007
- 2007-10-09 CN CN2007101560477A patent/CN101138330B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (8)
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| 李明云等.香鱼人工养殖技术.水产科学23 8.2004,23(8),32-33. |
| 李明云等.香鱼人工养殖技术.水产科学23 8.2004,23(8),32-33. * |
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